CN216014574U - Experimental device for observe irregular motion of molecule - Google Patents
Experimental device for observe irregular motion of molecule Download PDFInfo
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- CN216014574U CN216014574U CN202122164291.6U CN202122164291U CN216014574U CN 216014574 U CN216014574 U CN 216014574U CN 202122164291 U CN202122164291 U CN 202122164291U CN 216014574 U CN216014574 U CN 216014574U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an observe experimental apparatus of the random motion of molecule, the experimental apparatus of the random motion of observation molecule include: a gas cylinder, a conduit, a gas washing bottle and a reagent cylinder; the gas cylinder is connected with the guide pipe and then communicated with the gas washing bottle; the reagent needle cylinder is connected with the guide pipe and then communicated with the gas washing bottle; the gas needle cylinder comprises a needle cylinder and a push rod, and the needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder is a transparent needle cylinder; a grab handle is arranged at one end of the push rod, a bottom check ring is arranged on the outer ring of the other end of the push rod, the push rod is rotatably connected with the bottom check ring, an air guide hole is formed in the contact part of the push rod and the bottom check ring, and air can be guided in by rotating the push rod of the air syringe; this patent has solved the preparation of people's religion version seven grades of registered gas mixing in-process coloured gas, mixes and toxic gas does not have the leakage processing, and whole process goes on in airtight environment, and no harmful gas reveals, can demonstrate when classroom teaching.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to chemistry experiment field, concretely relates to survey experimental apparatus of irregular motion of molecule.
Background
In order to verify that the molecules continuously do irregular thermal motion in the current teaching book of seven-grade college, the experiment of observing the mixture of colored gas, namely nitrogen dioxide and air is arranged, the scheme given on the current book is that two small-mouth reagent bottles are attached, a glass plate is clamped between the two small-mouth reagent bottles, and the two small-mouth reagent bottles are shown in detail in a figure 3, wherein the two small-mouth reagent bottles are respectively filled with the nitrogen dioxide and the air; during the experiment, the glass plate was removed and the gases were mixed. However, inevitable leakage can occur in the experimental process, and nitrogen dioxide is a toxic and harmful gas, so that the environment can be polluted and the health of students can be harmed; therefore, in the teaching process of teachers, the generation process of nitrogen dioxide cannot be demonstrated on the spot in the experiment; after the observation of the experimental phenomenon is finished, the nitrogen dioxide is not easy to treat, and the health of students is possibly affected.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the existing verification "the molecule is constantly making the irregular thermal motion" the experimental method not enough, this patent provides one kind can demonstrate the experimental apparatus of this law phenomenon at the teaching scene on-the-spot experiment. The preparation of colored gas in the process of the gas mixing experiment of the seven-grade registration of the human religion version is solved, and the mixed and toxic gas is processed without leakage.
This patent includes the following:
an experimental device for observing random molecular motion, comprising: a gas cylinder, a conduit, a gas washing bottle and a reagent cylinder;
the gas cylinder is connected with the guide pipe and then communicated with the gas washing bottle;
the reagent needle cylinder is connected with the guide pipe and then communicated with the gas washing bottle;
the gas needle cylinder comprises a needle cylinder and a push rod, and the needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder is a transparent needle cylinder; the air-guiding device is characterized in that a grab handle is arranged at one end of the push rod, a bottom check ring is arranged on the outer ring of the other end of the push rod, the push rod is rotatably connected with the bottom check ring, an air guide hole is formed in the contact part of the push rod and the bottom check ring, and air can be guided in by rotating the push rod of the air syringe.
At least one section of a conduit in the experimental device for observing the irregular movement of the molecules, which is connected with the reagent needle cylinder, the gas needle cylinder and the gas washing bottle, is a hose, and the hose is provided with a water stop clip matched with the hose.
The gas sealing cover is arranged at the position, close to the push rod handle, of a needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder in the experimental device for observing the irregular movement of the molecules, and is provided with a gas inlet hole and a gas plug.
Preferably, the gas washing bottle in the experimental device for observing the irregular movement of the molecules is used for storing colored gas or experimental raw materials capable of generating the colored gas;
the reagent needle cylinder is used for storing a reagent which can absorb colored gas and generate an environment-friendly product reaction with a product generated after the reaction with the gas washing bottle.
Preferably, the gas washing bottle in the experimental device for observing the irregular movement of molecules is provided with a reagent adding hole besides the conduit insertion openings of the gas syringe and the reagent syringe, and the reagent adding hole is provided with a matched plug.
Preferably, the push rod in the experimental apparatus for observing the irregular movement of molecules is further provided with a top check ring at one end far away from the grab handle, and a sealing ring is arranged between the bottom check ring and the top check ring.
Can continue to realize an observation molecule irregular movement's experimental method through this experimental apparatus, this experimental method needs to use the experimental apparatus to include: the device comprises a gas washing bottle, a reagent needle cylinder, a gas needle cylinder, two guide pipes with hose parts and two water stop clamps;
the gas needle cylinder comprises a needle cylinder and a push rod, and the needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder is a transparent needle cylinder; a grab handle is arranged at one end of the push rod, a bottom retaining ring is arranged on the outer ring of the other end of the push rod, the push rod is rotationally connected with the bottom retaining ring, an air guide hole is formed in the contact position of the push rod and the bottom retaining ring, and air can be guided in by rotating the push rod of the air syringe;
a gas sealing cover is arranged on the needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder close to the push rod hand grab handle, and an air inlet and an air plug are arranged on the gas sealing cover;
the gas washing bottle is connected with two guide pipes with hoses, and the two guide pipes are respectively connected with a reagent needle cylinder and a gas needle cylinder;
the experimental method comprises the following steps:
firstly, generating colored gas in a gas washing bottle through experimental reaction; clamping the water stop clamp on a guide pipe connected with the reagent syringe, and waiting for colored gas to enter the gas syringe through the guide pipe;
secondly, slowly pulling the push rod of the gas cylinder backwards, closing a water stop clamp of the gas cylinder after the gas cylinder is fully filled with partial colored gas and reaches natural balance, closing a gas plug on a gas sealing cover, rotating the push rod anticlockwise, opening a gas guide hole on the push rod, and naturally mixing the colored gas with the air in the cylinder through the gas guide hole;
pulling the push rod to the bottom after observation is finished, then screwing the pull rod clockwise, closing the gas guide hole, opening a water stop clamp on the gas syringe, and pushing gas into the gas washing bottle;
opening a water stop clamp on a catheter of the reagent needle cylinder, wherein a reagent capable of absorbing colored gas, reacting with a product in the gas washing bottle and producing an environment-friendly product is filled in the reagent needle cylinder; and pushing the reagent in the reagent syringe into the gas washing bottle until the reaction is completed.
Specifically, in the experimental method for observing the irregular movement of molecules, the colored gas generated in the gas washing bottle is nitrogen dioxide and is generated by the reaction of copper powder and concentrated nitric acid; the reagent in the reagent needle cylinder is sodium hydroxide.
In the experimental method for observing the irregular movement of the molecules, the gas washing bottle is also provided with a concentrated nitric acid adding hole, and in the experimental process, after the concentrated nitric acid is added through a dropper, the concentrated nitric acid adding hole is immediately plugged by a plug.
The colored gas in the utility model adopts nitrogen dioxide and is reddish brown. In essence, the colored gas can be replaced by other colored gases; only the corresponding reaction reagent needs to be changed correspondingly, and the neutralization reagent in the reagent needle cylinder needs to be changed correspondingly and adaptively, so that the harmless treatment of the reaction product and the absorption of colored gases, such as sulfur dioxide and the like, are finally realized.
The utility model discloses essential:
1. the whole set of device consists of two syringes, a gas washing bottle, two water stop clamps and two rubber guide pipes; the device can be used for completing the preparation of colored gas nitrogen dioxide, the mixing experiment of nitrogen dioxide and air, the neutralization of concentrated nitric acid and the non-leakage recovery of nitrogen dioxide gas at one time.
2. The utility model discloses a push rod that is provided with the air guide hole can realize switching on and closing of gas in two independent airtight cavitys through rotatory push rod.
3. The utility model discloses with the preparation of coloured gas and the seamless butt joint of gas mixture experiment, avoided gaseous leakage.
4. The utility model discloses configured sodium hydroxide reagent filling opening, can carry out the neutralization with the concentrated nitric acid that the experiment was accomplished, reduce the pollution to the environment.
The utility model has the advantages of
1. The gas diffusion experiment can be carried into the class for demonstration, thereby facilitating scientific study.
2. The poisonous nitrogen dioxide gas and sodium hydroxide complete neutralization reaction in the gas washing bottle to generate non-toxic and harmless sodium sulfite and water, which can not cause harm to the body of students and can not cause pollution to the environment.
3. The experimental device equipment that this patent provided is simple, the operation of being convenient for.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the experimental device of the patent.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas cylinder according to the present patent.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a device for observing the irregular movement of molecules in a teaching material of a human teaching version in the prior art.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a gas cylinder; 11. a needle cylinder; 12. a push rod; 13. a bottom retainer ring; 14. a top retainer ring; 15. a seal ring; 16. an air vent; 17. a gas seal cover; 18. a gas plug; 19. a grab handle; 2. a gas washing bottle; 3. a reagent syringe; 4. a rubber hose; 5. a glass conduit; 6. a reagent addition port; 7. an air bottle; 8. a glass plate; 9. a nitrogen dioxide bottle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an experimental apparatus for observing irregular movement of molecules, which includes a gas cylinder 1, a gas washing bottle 2, a reagent cylinder 3, a rubber hose 4, a glass conduit 5, and a reagent inlet 6, wherein the gas cylinder 1 is made of a transparent material, the cylinder is connected with the rubber hose 4, the rubber hose 4 is connected with the glass conduit 5, and the glass conduit 5 is connected with the gas washing bottle 2 through a rubber plug of the gas washing bottle 2; the reagent needle cylinder 3 is connected with a rubber plug on the gas washing bottle 2 through a rubber hose and a glass conduit as the gas needle cylinder 1 so as to be communicated with the gas washing bottle; the rubber plug of the gas washing bottle 2 is provided with three holes, two holes are insertion holes of the glass guide pipe 5, and the other hole is a reagent adding port 6, after the reagent is added, the hole needs to be plugged by a plug, so that the generated harmful gas is prevented from diffusing into the environment to cause pollution; the size of the insertion holes on the glass conduit and the rubber plug should be matched, so that the generation of gaps and the overflow of harmful gas are avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, the gas cylinder 1 in this embodiment includes a cylinder 11 and a push rod 12, the gas cylinder 1 of this patent is formed by modifying the existing injection cylinder, one end of the push rod 12 is provided with a hand grip 19, the outer ring of the other end is provided with a bottom retainer ring 13, the push rod 12 is rotatably connected with the bottom retainer ring 13, the bottom retainer ring 13 here includes a cylindrical sleeve besides a round block for pushing and pulling the cylinder, and the contact part of the push rod is screwed into the sleeve to realize the connection with the bottom retainer ring; the contact part of the push rod and the bottom retainer ring is provided with an air guide hole 16, the air guide hole 16 can be arranged on a sleeve of the bottom retainer ring or on the push rod, and the purpose is that when the push rod 12 rotates anticlockwise along the bottom sleeve, the communication of the air guide hole 16 is realized through the advance and retreat of the relative position of the push rod and the sleeve, namely, the natural convection of air is realized in two spaces in the needle cylinder divided by the bottom retainer ring 13 into the needle cylinder 11; the irregular thermal movement process of molecules passes through two spaces separated by a bottom retainer ring 13 in the needle cylinder, and the colored gas and the air freely move through the air guide holes so as to observe.
The experimental method for the random movement of molecules provided by this embodiment includes the following processes:
in the experimental process, a reagent needle cylinder is sucked into a proper amount of sodium hydroxide solution, the sodium hydroxide solution is connected with a rubber bottle plug of a gas washing bottle through a rubber hose, and the rubber hose is fastened by a water stop clamp after the connection. The air syringe is also connected with the rubber bottle stopper of the gas washing bottle through a rubber hose and a glass conduit, and the syringe push rod is pushed to the bottommost part. Preparing copper powder and concentrated nitric acid, adding the copper powder into a gas washing bottle, covering a rubber plug, adding the concentrated nitric acid into the gas washing bottle by using a dropper through the rubber plug of the gas washing bottle, immediately covering a plug of a reagent adding port after the adding is finished, generating nitrogen dioxide gas, and when the gas washing bottle is filled with the nitrogen dioxide gas, slowly pulling a syringe push rod to an intermediate position, wherein the pulling push rod is changed according to the generation of colored gas nitrogen dioxide, so that the pressure difference generated in two spaces separated by a bottom check ring in the syringe is avoided. Then anticlockwise rotation syringe push rod for the air guide hole on the push rod spills the top of connecting seat, at this moment with the sealing-up clamp with the rubber hose that has mist step up, at this moment can observe experimental phenomenon.
And after the observation is finished, pulling the push rod to the top, clockwise screwing the push rod, opening the water stop clamp of the mixed gas, pushing the gas into the gas washing bottle, taking down the water stop clamp of the sodium hydroxide syringe, pushing the sodium hydroxide into the gas washing bottle, finishing the neutralization reaction, and generating sodium sulfite and water.
The utility model has the advantages of
1. Because the whole colored gas generation and the observation of the experimental phenomenon are carried out in a closed environment, the gas diffusion experiment can be brought into the class for demonstration, and the scientific study is facilitated.
2. The poisonous nitrogen dioxide gas and sodium hydroxide complete neutralization reaction in the gas washing bottle to generate non-toxic and harmless sodium sulfite and water, which can not cause harm to the body of students and can not cause pollution to the environment.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may differ in the shape of the components, the names of the components, and the like. All equivalent or simple changes made according to the structure, characteristics and principle of the utility model are included in the protection scope of the utility model. Various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (4)
1. An experimental device for observing the irregular movement of molecules is characterized in that: the experimental device for observing the irregular movement of the molecules comprises: a gas cylinder, a conduit, a gas washing bottle and a reagent cylinder;
the gas cylinder is connected with the guide pipe and then communicated with the gas washing bottle;
the reagent needle cylinder is connected with the guide pipe and then communicated with the gas washing bottle;
the gas needle cylinder comprises a needle cylinder and a push rod, and the needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder is a transparent needle cylinder; a grab handle is arranged at one end of the push rod, a bottom check ring is arranged on the outer ring of the other end of the push rod, the push rod is rotatably connected with the bottom check ring, an air guide hole is formed in the contact part of the push rod and the bottom check ring, and air can be guided in by rotating the push rod of the air syringe;
a gas sealing cover is arranged on the needle cylinder of the gas needle cylinder close to the push rod hand grab handle, and an air inlet and an air plug are arranged on the gas sealing cover;
at least one section of the conduit for connecting the reagent needle cylinder, the gas needle cylinder and the gas washing bottle is a hose, and the hose is provided with a water stop clip matched with the hose.
2. An experimental device for observing the random movement of molecules according to claim 1, wherein:
the gas washing bottle is used for storing colored gas or experimental raw materials capable of generating colored gas;
the reagent needle cylinder is used for storing a reagent which can absorb colored gas and generate an environment-friendly product reaction with a product generated after the reaction with the gas washing bottle.
3. An experimental device for observing the random movement of molecules according to claim 1, wherein: besides the duct insertion openings of the gas cylinder and the reagent cylinder, the gas washing cylinder is also provided with a reagent feeding hole, and the reagent feeding hole is provided with a matched plug.
4. An experimental device for observing the random movement of molecules according to claim 1, wherein: the push rod is further provided with a top check ring at one end far away from the grab handle, and a sealing ring is arranged between the bottom check ring and the top check ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122164291.6U CN216014574U (en) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-09-08 | Experimental device for observe irregular motion of molecule |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122164291.6U CN216014574U (en) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-09-08 | Experimental device for observe irregular motion of molecule |
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| CN216014574U true CN216014574U (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113781879A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-10 | 刘龚征 | Experimental device and method for observing irregular movement of molecules |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113781879A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-10 | 刘龚征 | Experimental device and method for observing irregular movement of molecules |
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