CN215786950U

CN215786950U - Compound tool for non-metal composite material

Info

Publication number: CN215786950U
Application number: CN202120645501.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 井旺
Original assignee: Hainan Zhongzhikanghong Fine Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hainan Zhongzhikanghong Fine Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite cutter for non-metal composite materials, wherein a drilling edge is firstly contacted with a workpiece, a cutter head is axially fed to enable a hole expanding edge to be contacted with a drilled hole, the hole diameter is further increased, and then a reaming edge is used for cutting the inner wall of the drilled hole; if a larger aperture needs to be drilled, the drilling tool is further fed along the axial direction to cut the milling edge; firstly, a drilling blade is subjected to finish machining to form a preliminary shape, the reaming blade is gradually transited to a reaming blade for cutting, the reaming blade is subjected to finish machining, the thickness to be cut in the process of transiting from the drilling blade to the reaming blade is very small, and higher machining precision is realized; likewise, the transition from the reaming edge to the milling edge also requires only a small thickness to be cut, with greater precision relative to conventional drills. The reaming edge and the milling edge can be used for drilling and processing two different apertures and can be used as a milling cutter for milling, and the composite cutter has the functions of processing two apertures and milling operation, so that the cutter changing frequency is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Description

Compound tool for non-metal composite material

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of novel composite material processing, and further relates to a composite cutter for a non-metal composite material.

Background

Along with the wide application of novel composite materials, the processing of high strength, light, corrosion-resistant nonmetal composite material puts forward higher requirement, to the system hole of difficult processing material, to the drilling processing of composite material need satisfy high accuracy, no splitting, no burr and the smooth requirement of pore wall.

When the common twist drill is used for processing a novel composite material, the drill bit is used for processing a drill hole at one time, the defects of burrs, splitting and the like easily occur in an outlet, the hole-making precision is not high, and the cutter is easy to wear and tear. In order to improve the machining precision, at least two procedures are needed, wherein the first rough machining is carried out, and the subsequent further grinding is carried out for finish machining; when the robot is in streamlined operation, the cutter needs to be frequently stopped and replaced, so that the machining efficiency is greatly reduced.

For those skilled in the art, how to reduce the number of tool changes and improve the machining precision of the composite material is a technical problem to be solved at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The core of the utility model is to provide a composite cutter for non-metallic composite materials, which can improve the processing precision, the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the composite materials, and the specific scheme is as follows:

a composite cutter for non-metal composite materials comprises a handle part and a working part, wherein the working part comprises a drilling edge, a capacity cutting groove, a hole expanding edge, a reaming edge, a transition edge and a milling edge which are respectively arranged in a central symmetry manner;

the drilling edge, the reaming edge, the transition edge and the milling edge are sequentially distributed from front to back;

the outer diameter of the reaming edge is between the outer diameter of the drilling edge and the outer diameter of the reaming edge; the outer diameter of the milling edge is greater than the outer diameter of the reaming edge.

Optionally, the angles of the drilling edge, the reaming edge and the reaming edge decrease progressively;

blade edges between the drilling blade and the reaming blade, between the reaming blade and the reaming blade, and between the transition blade and the milling blade are intersected to form an outward convex obtuse angle;

the edge points between the reaming edges and the transition edges are intersected to form an inward concave obtuse angle.

Optionally, the reaming edge, the transition edge and the milling edge are respectively disposed on four helical lines;

the drilling edges are arranged on two of the spiral lines, and the other two spiral lines are provided with clearance edges.

Optionally, the drilling edge forms a chisel edge at the drill tip, the chisel edge being centrally symmetric arc-shaped.

Optionally, the width of the cutting edge band of the reaming edge ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.3 mm; the length range of the chisel edge is 0.1-0.3 mm.

Optionally, the angle of the drilling edge ranges from 100 to 130 degrees; the angle of the clearance edge ranges from 80 degrees to 100 degrees; the angle of the hole expanding blade ranges from 30 degrees to 50 degrees; the sharp angle range of the transition edge is 90-130 degrees.

Optionally, the helix angle of the helix is in the range of 5-20 °.

Optionally, the clearance angle of the drilling edge ranges from 10 to 15 degrees; the back angle range of the hole expanding blade is 8-15 degrees; the rear angle range of the transition blade is 6-15 degrees; the rear angle range of the milling edge is 6-12 degrees;

optionally, the rake angle of the cutting-accommodating groove ranges from 3 to 5 °.

Optionally, the diameter of the outer edge of the drilling edge ranges from 0.5 d to 0.6d, and d is the diameter of the reaming edge.

The utility model provides a composite cutter for a non-metal composite material, which comprises a handle part and a working part, wherein the working part comprises a drilling edge, a containing cutting groove, a reaming edge, a transition edge and a milling edge which are respectively arranged in a central symmetry manner; the hole-containing cutting groove is used for row cutting, during processing, the drilling cutting edge is firstly contacted with a workpiece, a primary drilling hole is formed on the workpiece in a cutting mode, the cutter head is axially fed, the hole expanding edge is contacted with the drilling hole, the hole diameter is further increased, and then the reaming edge is used for cutting the inner wall of the drilling hole; if a larger aperture needs to be drilled, the drilling tool is further fed along the axial direction to cut the milling edge; firstly, a drilling blade is subjected to finish machining to form a preliminary shape, the reaming blade is gradually transited to a reaming blade for cutting, the reaming blade is subjected to finish machining, and in the process of transiting from the drilling blade to the reaming blade, the thickness to be cut by the reaming blade is very small, so that higher machining precision can be realized; likewise, only a small thickness is required to be cut when the reaming edge is transited to the milling edge, and accurate cutting machining is also achieved, and the precision is higher compared with that of a traditional drill. The reaming edge and the milling edge can be used for drilling and processing two different apertures and can be used as a milling cutter to mill the side wall of the aperture, and the composite cutter has the functions of processing two apertures and milling operation, so that the cutter changing frequency is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials according to the present invention;

FIG. 1B is a partial view of the front end of the composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials according to the present invention;

FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are a front view and a top view, respectively, of an embodiment of a composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of portion A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of portion B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of section C-C of FIG. 1;

fig. 3D is a cross-sectional view of portion D-D of fig. 1.

The figure includes:

shank 1, working portion 2, drilling edge 21, clearance edge 211, chisel edge 212, relief groove 22, reaming edge 23, reaming edge 24, transition edge 25, milling edge 26.

Detailed Description

The core of the utility model is to provide the composite cutter for the non-metal composite material, which can improve the processing precision and the processing efficiency of drilling.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the composite cutting tool for non-metal composite material of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The compound cutter for the non-metal composite material is used for processing the non-metal composite material on a robot or an automatic production line, and belongs to a novel material difficult to process. Fig. 1A is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a composite cutting tool for a non-metallic composite material according to the present invention, and fig. 1B is a partial structural view of a front end portion of the composite cutting tool for a non-metallic composite material according to the present invention; FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are a front view and a top view, respectively, of an embodiment of a composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials in accordance with the present invention; the composite cutter for the non-metal composite material comprises a handle part 1 and a working part 2, wherein the handle part 1 is used for being matched with a machine tool clamp to realize fixation; the working part 2 comprises a drilling edge 21, a containing cutting groove 22, a reaming edge 23, a reaming edge 24, a transition edge 25 and a milling edge 26 which are respectively arranged in central symmetry, namely the drilling edge 21, the containing cutting groove 22, the reaming edge 23, the reaming edge 24, the transition edge 25 and the milling edge 26 are respectively distributed in central symmetry about the working part, in the six structures, each structure is at least provided with two, at least two drilling edges 21 are distributed in central symmetry, at least two containing cutting grooves 22 are distributed in central symmetry, at least two reaming edges 23 are distributed in central symmetry, at least two reaming edges 24 are distributed in central symmetry, at least two transition edges 25 are distributed in central symmetry, and at least two milling edges 26 are distributed in central symmetry. The milling edge 26 has the ability to make a circular hole while also having the ability to make a kidney-shaped hole.

Due to the existence of the relief groove 22, the drilling edge 21, the reaming edge 23, the reaming edge 24, the transition edge 25 and the milling edge 26 are formed into edge points. The chip accommodating groove 22 is a recessed structure formed by cutting, is located between the blade edges, and provides a chip removal channel for cutting, so that chips can be smoothly discharged to the outside.

The drilling edge 21, the reaming edge 23, the reaming edge 24, the transition edge 25 and the milling edge 26 are sequentially distributed from front to back, wherein the front and back are the feeding direction during drilling, the end which is firstly contacted with a workpiece is the front end, and the end which is connected with an electric drill is the back end.

The outer diameter of the reaming edge 23 is sized between the outer diameter of the drilling edge 21 and the outer diameter of the reaming edge 24, the outer diameter of the drilling edge 21 is smaller than the outer diameter of the reaming edge 24, and the outer diameter of the milling edge 26 is larger than the outer diameter of the reaming edge 24. When the drilling blade 21, the reaming blade 23, the reaming blade 24, the transition blade 25 and the milling blade 26 are in forward feeding processing, the drilling blade, the reaming blade 23, the reaming blade 24, the transition blade 25 and the milling blade 26 sequentially contact with a workpiece to perform drilling processing, and the hole diameter is gradually increased. The tangent line of the edge points of the reaming edge 23 and the transition edge 25 forms an acute included angle with the axis direction of the whole cutter, namely the reaming edge 23 and the transition edge 25 are obliquely arranged, so that the transition effect is achieved, and the transition is smoother in the feeding process.

The composite cutter for the non-metal composite material provided by the utility model can be used for processing a through hole with higher precision, and the specific processing process is as follows: firstly, the drilling edge 21 contacts a workpiece to be processed, a rough processing groove is drilled on the workpiece, the nonmetal composite material is fed axially by the composite cutter, the depth of the groove is gradually increased, the reaming edge 23 is gradually contacted with the workpiece, because the outer diameter of the reaming edge 23 is larger than that of the drilling edge 21, the reaming edge 23 further cuts on the basis of the groove processed by the drilling edge 21, along with the axial feeding, the reaming edge 24 gradually extends into the groove for processing, the process from the initial cutting of the drilling edge 21 to the process that the reaming edge 24 enters the groove for cutting is carried out, most of the materials are cut off, the reaming edge 24 only needs to further carry out a small amount of fine cutting on the basis of the processed groove, the hole making precision and the smoothness of a hole wall are improved, the splitting, the entrance and exit end burrs which often appear in the hole making process of the composite material are prevented, and the processing precision of an inner wall is improved, the problems of splitting, burrs at the inlet and outlet ends and the like which often occur in the traditional twist drill processing composite material hole making process are solved.

If a larger aperture needs to be machined, the cutter is continuously fed forwards, the transition edge 25 is made to contact with the workpiece for cutting, finally the milling edge 26 is made to cut the workpiece, and the milling edge 26 is used for machining the larger aperture; the hole diameter of the first size is transited to the hole diameter of the second size processed by the milling blade 26 from the reaming blade 24, only the smaller thickness is needed to be cut, the hole making precision and the hole wall flatness are improved, splitting and inlet and outlet end burrs which often occur in the composite material hole making process are prevented, and therefore the processing precision of the inner wall of the hole is guaranteed.

The reaming edge 24 and the milling edge 26 can be used for milling operation besides processing two through holes with different apertures, and have the capability of manufacturing kidney-shaped holes and processing workpiece bodies; the composite cutter for the whole non-metal composite material can process through holes with different apertures, can be used as a milling cutter, combines multiple different functions on one cutter head, reduces the times of cutter changing in the processing process, avoids multiple positioning and repeated positioning caused by cutter changing, and improves the processing efficiency.

Besides processing round holes, the composite cutter can also be used for processing waist-shaped holes or body processing, and the waist-shaped holes are processed or the surface appearance of a workpiece is milled by utilizing the milling blade 26, so that the integrated processing of drilling, expanding, reaming and milling of composite materials is realized; the cutter is used for finishing various kinds of processing, the processing efficiency is prevented from being influenced by cutter changing or repeated cutter changing in the processing process, and the defects that the processing precision is influenced by repeated positioning and repeated positioning caused by cutter changing are also avoided.

Based on the above scheme, in the present invention, the cutting edges 21, the reaming edges 23 and the reaming edges 24 decrease in steps, the cutting edge is an included angle formed by tangents to the edge, for example, the included angle θ 1 in fig. 1A represents the cutting edge of the reaming edge 23, and the cutting edges 21, the reaming edges 23 and the reaming edges 24 respectively have corresponding cutting edges.

In the three structures of the drilling edge 21, the reaming edge 23 and the reaming edge 24, the angle of the sharp corner formed by the drilling edge 21 is the largest, and the angle of the sharp corner formed by the reaming edge 24 is the smallest; the cutting edge 24 may have a cutting edge angle of 0 degrees, i.e., the cutting edge tangent lines of the cutting edges 24 may be arranged in parallel, and the cutting edges 24 are used to form a cylindrical through hole.

Blade points between the drilling blade 21 and the reaming blade 23, between the reaming blade 23 and the reaming blade 24, and between the transition blade 25 and the milling blade 26 are intersected to form an outward convex obtuse angle, the drilling blade 21 does not drill a cylindrical groove with a certain size, and the drilling blade 21 is directly transited to the reaming blade 23 from the drilling blade 21; the convex obtuse angle structure can realize smoother transition, and the forward feeding resistance is smaller during drilling processing; the intersection of the cutting edges between the reaming edge 24 and the transition edge 25 forms a concave obtuse angle to prevent sharp steps and reduce the resistance to feed transition from the reaming edge 24 to the milling edge 26.

It should be noted that the outer diameters of the drilling blade 21 and the reaming blade 23 respectively change gradually from one end to the other end along the axial direction, and are of a diameter-variable structure; the reaming edge 24 and the milling edge 26 may have the same diameter or may have the same diameter. The outer diameters of the blade edges at the intersection line are equal.

The angle ω in fig. 1A represents the angle formed by the edge between the reaming edge 23 and the reaming edge 24, i.e. the angle formed by the tangent at the intersection of the reaming edge 23 and the reaming edge 24; the positions of the two-two junctions of the drilling blade 21, the reaming blade 23 and the reaming blade 24 are provided with obtuse angles, no sharp part exists at the position of the two-two transition among the drilling blade, the reaming blade 23 and the reaming blade 24, the transition can be relatively smooth, and no obvious stress concentration can be formed at the vertex angle.

Compared with the traditional one-time drilling process of the drill, the composite cutter for the non-metal composite material provided by the utility model has the advantages that the drilling process is divided into the gradually transitional cutting process, so that the cutting processing with higher precision can be realized.

The utility model provides a preferable arrangement scheme, wherein the reaming edge 23, the reaming edge 24, the transition edge 25 and the milling edge 26 are respectively arranged on four spiral lines, namely the reaming edge 23, the reaming edge 24, the transition edge 25 and the milling edge 26 are respectively provided with four edge points, and the reaming edge 23, the reaming edge 24, the transition edge 25 and the milling edge 26 are sequentially arranged on the same spiral line; the drilling edges 21 are arranged on two of the spiral lines, the other two spiral lines are provided with the clearance edges 211, the two drilling edges 21 are arranged in a centrosymmetric mode, and the two clearance edges 211 are arranged in a centrosymmetric mode. Each department of the external diameter of clearance sword 211 all is less than the external diameter of the drilling sword 21 of relevant position, therefore clearance sword 211 does not contact with the work piece, plays the effect of dodging, forms between clearance sword 211 and drilling sword 21 and holds cutting groove 22 to reach better chip removal effect.

Because two drilling edges 21 are arranged, the drilling edges 21 form cross edges 212 at the drill point, the cross edges 212 are arc-shaped with central symmetry, the cross edge corresponding to each drilling edge 21 is of a section of C-shaped structure, and the two drilling edges 21 are spliced to form the cross edge 212 similar to the S shape; the chisel edge 212 is located at the foremost end of the composite tool for the entire non-metallic composite material and is first brought into contact with the workpiece, and the chisel edge 212 is formed by grinding the cutting allowance groove 22, and the sharper the chisel edge 212 is, the better the cutting effect is.

In addition to the four helix configuration described above, other configurations may be provided, such as three centrosymmetric helices, where the chisel edge 212 is formed by splicing together three centrosymmetric "C" shaped segments.

Specifically, the width of the cutting edge of the reaming edge 24 corresponding to the utility model ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.3 mm; the length of the chisel edge 212 is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

Specifically, the angle of the drilling edge 21 is 100-130 degrees; the angle of the clearance edge 211 ranges from 80 to 100 degrees; the angle of the hole expanding blade 23 ranges from 30 degrees to 50 degrees; the sharp angle range of the transition edge 25 is 90-130 degrees.

The helix angle range of the helix is 5-20 degrees, and the helix angle is determined within the range of 5-20 degrees according to the diameter of the milling edge 26.

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of portion A-A of FIG. 1; FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of portion B-B of FIG. 1, showing a cross-section of the reamer blade 23; FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of section C-C of FIG. 1, showing a cross-section of the drilling edge 21; fig. 3D is a cross-sectional view of section D-D of fig. 1, showing a cross-section of the milling edge 26. R0.3 in FIG. 3A indicates that the radius of the arc of the bottom of the sipe is 0.3 mm.

Theta 1 represents a reaming edge sharp angle, theta 2 represents a transition edge sharp angle, beta represents a helical angle, alpha 11 represents a drilling edge back angle I, alpha 11 represents a drilling edge back angle II, the back angle I is 10-15 degrees, and the back angle II is 30-50 degrees; f1 represents the margin width of the drilling edge, gamma 1 represents the rake angle of the drilling edge, and the rake angle ranges from 12 degrees to 18 degrees; α 21 denotes a reamer relief angle i, α 21 denotes a reamer relief angle ii, and f2 denotes a reamer width; alpha 31 represents a first reaming edge rear angle, alpha 31 represents a second milling edge rear angle, the first rear angle is 10-15 degrees, and the second rear angle is 20-30 degrees; f3 represents the width of the milling edge, gamma 2 represents the rake angle of the milling edge, and the rake angle ranges from 10 to 15 degrees.

The range of the relief angle of the drilling edge 21 is 10-15 degrees; the back angle range of the hole expanding blade 23 is 8-15 degrees; the range of the relief angle of the transition edge 25 is 6-15 degrees; the back angle range of the milling edge 26 is 6-12 degrees; the front angle range of the cutting-accommodating groove 22 is 3-5 degrees.

The diameter range of the outer edge of the drilling edge 21 is 0.5-0.6 d, and d is the diameter of the reaming edge 24, namely the range of the maximum diameter position of the outer edge of the drilling edge 21 is 0.5-0.6 d.

The numerical ranges in this disclosure are inclusive of the endpoints.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The composite cutter for the non-metal composite material comprises a handle part (1) and a working part (2), and is characterized in that the working part (2) comprises a drilling edge (21), a containing cutting groove (22), a reaming edge (23), a reaming edge (24), a transition edge (25) and a milling edge (26), which are respectively arranged in a central symmetry manner;

the drilling edge (21), the reaming edge (23), the reaming edge (24), the transition edge (25) and the milling edge (26) are distributed from front to back in sequence;

the outer diameter of the reaming edge (23) is between the outer diameter of the drilling edge (21) and the outer diameter of the reaming edge (24); the outer diameter of the milling edge (26) is greater than the outer diameter of the reaming edge (24).

2. The composite tool for non-metallic composite material as set forth in claim 1, wherein the angles of the drilling edge (21), the reaming edge (23) and the reaming edge (24) decrease in steps;

the blade points between the drilling blade (21) and the reaming blade (23), between the reaming blade (23) and the reaming blade (24), and between the transition blade (25) and the milling blade (26) meet to form an obtuse convex angle;

the blade points between the reaming edge (24) and the transition edge (25) are intersected to form an obtuse concave angle.

3. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the reaming edge (23), the reaming edge (24), the transition edge (25) and the milling edge (26) are respectively provided on four helical lines;

the drilling edges (21) are arranged on two spiral lines, and the other two spiral lines are provided with clearance edges (211).

4. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials according to claim 3, wherein the drilling edge (21) forms a chisel edge (212) at a drill tip, the chisel edge (212) being in the shape of a centrally symmetrical arc.

5. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials according to claim 4, wherein the cutting edge width of the reaming edge (24) ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.3 mm; the length range of the chisel edge (212) is 0.1-0.3 mm.

6. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials according to claim 3, wherein the cutting edge (21) has a rake angle ranging from 100 to 130 °; the included angle range of the clearance edge (211) is 80-100 degrees; the angle of the hole expanding blade (23) ranges from 30 degrees to 50 degrees; the sharp angle range of the transition edge (25) is 90-130 degrees.

7. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials as set forth in claim 3, wherein the helix angle of the helix is in the range of 5 to 20 °.

8. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials according to claim 3, wherein the clearance angle of the drilling edge (21) ranges from 10 to 15 °; the back angle range of the hole expanding blade (23) is 8-15 degrees; the rear angle range of the transition blade (25) is 6-15 degrees; the clearance angle range of the milling edge (26) is 6-12 degrees.

9. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials as set forth in claim 3, wherein the rake angle of the chip-receiving groove (22) ranges from 3 to 5 °.

10. The composite cutting tool for non-metallic composite materials as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that the diameter of the outer edge of the drilling edge (21) ranges from 0.5 d to 0.6d, d being the diameter of the reaming edge (24).