Crude oil distillation device for fuel production and processing
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel oil rectification, and particularly relates to a crude oil distillation device for fuel oil production and processing.
Background
Diesel oil is an important component of petroleum consumption, and with the acceleration of western development process and the successive starting of important basic projects of national economy, the contradiction of diesel-gasoline ratio is more prominent than before. Biomass diesel, as a substitute fuel for diesel engines, is concerned by its excellent emission performance index, and can be directly applied to existing diesel engines without changing their original structure and performance. The biomass diesel oil has important strategic significance for promoting energy source substitution, reducing environmental pressure, realizing economic sustainable development and controlling urban atmospheric pollution.
The biodiesel is mainly prepared by an ester exchange method, and a crude product of the biodiesel contains soap, glycerol, a catalyst, unreacted raw materials and the like, so that the purity of the product is not high, and particularly, the biodiesel prepared by taking illegal cooking oil and the like as the raw materials also contains a large amount of impurities. In order to remove impurities in the biodiesel, rectification equipment is generally required to separate light and heavy components in the biodiesel. However, most of the existing biodiesel rectifying equipment have poor condensation effect, and the separation precision and efficiency are required to be improved.
In view of the above, the prior art is obviously inconvenient and disadvantageous in practical use, and needs to be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a crude oil distillation device for producing and processing fuel oil, which aims to solve the problems of low separation precision and low efficiency in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:
a crude oil distillation device for producing and processing fuel oil comprises an inert gas storage tank, a distillation still, a collection tank and a condensing device, a heating jacket is arranged on the outer side of the distillation kettle, an air outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the distillation kettle is arranged right above the distillation kettle, the air outlet is communicated with the input end of the condensing device through a pipeline, the output end of the condensing device is communicated with the collecting tank through a pipeline, a residual oil outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the distillation kettle is arranged right below the distillation kettle, an air inlet and a second liquid inlet communicated with the inner cavity of the distillation kettle are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side below the distillation kettle, an annular distributor is erected at the inner bottom of the distillation kettle and is provided with a check valve, the annular distributor is connected with the air inlet, the inert gas storage tank is connected and communicated with the air inlet through an air conveying pipe, and the air conveying pipe is provided with a first control valve.
As a preferred technical scheme, condensing equipment includes first condenser and second condenser, stills's top is equipped with the first inlet of intercommunication its inner chamber, the input of first condenser is connected with the gas outlet through pipeline and is communicated with each other, pipeline is equipped with the second control valve, the output of second condenser is connected with the collection tank through the pipeline, the output of first condenser is connected with the input of second condenser through vapour and liquid separator and is communicated with each other, vapour and liquid separator's bottom is equipped with the selectivity filter, the selectivity filter is connected with first inlet through circulating pump and circulating line and is communicated with each other, the circulating line is equipped with the third control valve.
As a preferred technical scheme, a residual oil outlet of the distillation kettle is connected with a discharge pipeline, the discharge pipeline is provided with a third control valve, a second liquid inlet of the distillation kettle is connected with a feed pipeline, the feed pipeline is provided with a fourth control valve, one side of the distillation kettle is provided with a pressure release valve communicated with an inner cavity of the distillation kettle, a sensor module is arranged inside the distillation kettle, and the outer wall of the distillation kettle is provided with an integrated display panel.
As a preferable technical solution, the heating jacket includes a housing and a heating pipe embedded in the housing, and the heating pipe is connected to the heating medium supply device.
As a preferred technical scheme, the heating jacket comprises an upper heating jacket and a lower heating jacket, the upper heating jacket is attached to the outer side wall of the distillation still, the lower heating jacket is attached to the outer bottom of the distillation still, an upper heating pipe is arranged in the upper heating jacket, and a lower heating pipe is arranged in the lower heating jacket.
As a preferred technical scheme, the upper heating pipe includes the coiled pipe that three groups equidistance distribute, the coiled pipe is the arc of laminating stills lateral wall, every group the top of coiled pipe all is equipped with the entry, every group the below of coiled pipe all is equipped with the export, and the entry linkage of first group coiled pipe top has first heat medium entry, and the export of first group coiled pipe below communicates with each other through the connecting pipe of S-shaped and the entry linkage of second group coiled pipe top, and the export of second group coiled pipe below communicates with each other through the connecting pipe of another S-shaped and the entry linkage of third group coiled pipe top, and the exit linkage of third group coiled pipe below has first heat medium export.
As a preferable technical scheme, the lower heating pipe is a conical spiral pipe attached to the outer bottom of the distillation still, the lower end of the conical spiral pipe is connected with a second heating medium inlet, and the upper end of the conical spiral pipe is connected with a second heating medium outlet.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the first condenser creates a low temperature environment for the pipeline, when the distillation vapour that the stills produced passes through first condenser through the pipeline, partial distillation vapour is condensed in advance, the distillation vapour that condenses in advance returns to the stills through the circulating pump after gas-liquid separation again and rectifies, the distillation vapour that does not condense is in the critical point of condensation, when passing through the second condenser, these distillation vapour composition condensation that are in the critical point flow into the collection tank and store, cooperate the inert gas distillation refined biodiesel, the biodiesel purity that obtains is high, realize low temperature refined biodiesel, equipment utilization improves, the energy consumption reduces, effectively prevent that the product from taking place the oxidation in the distillation process.
2. When inert gas passes through the annular distributor, gas passes through the crude oil layer in the form of bubbles at the bottom of the distillation still, and in the process, rising bubbles are equivalent to a micro stirring device, so that crude oil in the distillation still is stirred in a rolling manner, and the rectification efficiency and the separation effect are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heating tube.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper heating tube.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lower heating tube.
In the figure: 1. an inert gas storage tank, 2, a first control valve, 3, an air inlet, 4, an integrated display panel, 5, an upper heating jacket, 6, a distillation still, 7, an air outlet, 8, a second control valve, 9, a first liquid inlet, 10, a third control valve, 11, a first condenser, 12, a gas-liquid separator, 13, a selective filter, 14, a circulating pump, 15, a second condenser, 16, a collection tank, 17, a fourth control valve, 18, a second liquid inlet, 19, an annular distributor, 20, a residual oil outlet, 21, a fifth control valve, 22, a lower heating jacket, 23, a coiled pipe, 24, a conical spiral pipe, 25, a first heating medium inlet, 26, a first heating medium outlet, 27, a second heating medium outlet, 28, a second heating medium inlet, 29 and a connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
The following description is given with reference to the orientation words as shown in the drawings, and is not intended to limit the specific structure of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention shows a crude oil distillation apparatus for fuel oil production and processing, which is used for finishing rectification and purification in a process of preparing biodiesel, and the crude oil distillation apparatus comprises an inert gas storage tank 1, a distillation still 6, a collection tank 16 and a condensing device, wherein the inert gas storage tank 1 supplies inert gas to the distillation still 6 for the purpose of isolating oxygen, and distillation vapor of the distillation still 6 flows into the collection tank 16 for storage after being condensed by the condensing device.
Referring to fig. 1, a heating jacket is disposed outside a distillation still 6, an air outlet 7 communicating with an inner cavity of the distillation still 6 is disposed right above the distillation still 6, the air outlet 7 is communicated with an input end of a condensing device through a pipeline, an output end of the condensing device is communicated with a collecting tank 16 through a pipeline, a residual oil outlet 20 communicating with an inner cavity of the distillation still 6 is disposed right below the distillation still 6, and an air inlet 3 and a second liquid inlet 18 communicating with an inner cavity of the distillation still 6 are disposed on the left side and the right side of the lower portion of the distillation still 6 respectively. An annular distributor 19 is arranged at the bottom of the distillation still 6, a check valve for preventing raw oil from flowing backwards is arranged on the annular distributor 19, the annular distributor 19 is connected with the air inlet 3, the inert gas storage tank 1 is connected and communicated with the air inlet 3 through an air conveying pipe, and the air conveying pipe is provided with a first control valve 2. When the inert gas passes through the annular distributor 19, the gas passes through the crude oil layer in the form of bubbles at the bottom of the distillation kettle 6, and in the process, rising bubbles are equivalent to a micro stirring device and are used for stirring and rolling crude oil in the distillation kettle 6, so that the rectification efficiency and the separation effect are improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the condensing device includes a first condenser 11 and a second condenser 15, a first inlet 9 communicating with an inner cavity of the distillation still 6 is disposed at the top of the distillation still 6, an input end of the first condenser 11 is connected and communicated with an air outlet 7 through a conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline is provided with a second control valve 8, an output end of the second condenser 15 is connected and communicated with a collecting tank 16 through a pipeline, an output end of the first condenser 11 is connected and communicated with an input end of the second condenser 15 through a gas-liquid separator 12, a selective filter 13 is disposed at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 12, the selective filter 13 is connected and communicated with the first inlet 9 through a circulating pump 14 and a circulating pipeline, and the circulating pipeline is provided with a third control valve 10. First condenser 11 creates a low temperature environment for the pipeline, when the distillation vapour that stills 6 produced passes through first condenser 11 through the pipeline, partial distillation vapour condenses in advance, the distillation vapour that condenses in advance returns stills 6 through circulating pump 14 after gas-liquid separation and rectifies again, the distillation vapour that does not condense is at the critical point of condensation, when passing through second condenser 15, these distillation vapour components that are at the critical point condense and flow into collection tank 16 and store, cooperate with inert gas distillation refined biodiesel, the biodiesel purity that obtains is high, realize low temperature refined biodiesel, equipment utilization improves, the energy consumption reduces, effectively prevent product oxidation in the distillation process.
Referring to fig. 1, a residual oil outlet 20 of the distillation still 6 is connected to a discharge pipeline, the discharge pipeline is provided with a third control valve 21, a second liquid inlet 18 of the distillation still 6 is connected to a feed pipeline, the feed pipeline is provided with a fourth control valve 17, one side of the distillation still 6 is provided with a pressure relief valve communicated with an inner cavity of the distillation still 6, a sensor module is arranged inside the distillation still 6, and the outer wall of the distillation still 6 is provided with an integrated display panel 4. The sensor module includes pressure sensor, liquid level sensor and temperature sensor, and integrated display panel 4 is used for showing pressure, temperature and liquid level in stills 6, is equipped with a plurality of pilot lamps on the integrated display panel 4, and these pilot lamps are used for showing the operating condition of each control valve.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the heating jacket includes a housing and a heating pipe embedded in the housing, and the heating pipe is connected to the heating medium supply device. Heating jacket includes upper heating jacket 5 and lower heating jacket 22, and upper heating jacket 5 is attached at the lateral wall of stills 6, and lower heating jacket 22 is attached at the outer bottom of stills 6, is equipped with upper heating pipe in upper heating jacket 5, is equipped with lower heating pipe in lower heating jacket 22. The upper heating pipe comprises three groups of coiled pipes 23 which are distributed at equal intervals, the coiled pipes 23 are arc-shaped and attached to the outer side wall of the distillation still 6, an inlet is formed in the upper portion of each group of coiled pipes 23, and an outlet is formed in the lower portion of each group of coiled pipes 23. The inlet above the first set of serpentine tubes 23 is connected with a first heat medium inlet 25, the outlet below the first set of serpentine tubes 23 is communicated with the inlet above the second set of serpentine tubes 23 through an S-shaped connecting tube 29, the outlet below the second set of serpentine tubes 23 is communicated with the inlet above the third set of serpentine tubes 23 through another S-shaped connecting tube 29, and the outlet below the third set of serpentine tubes 23 is connected with a first heat medium outlet 26. The lower heating pipe is a conical spiral pipe 24 attached to the outer bottom of the distillation still 6, the lower end of the conical spiral pipe 24 is connected with a second heating medium inlet 28, and the upper end of the conical spiral pipe 24 is connected with a second heating medium outlet 27.
Treat rectified raw oil and pass through in second feed liquor 18 gets into stills 6, the sensor module detects the liquid level and reaches after the take the altitude, fourth control valve 17 closes, stop the supply of raw oil, first control valve 2 opens afterwards, inert gas in the inert gas storage jar 1 enters into stills 6, along with the continuation of ventilating, oxygen is extruded almost completely in stills 6, after a period of time, first control valve 2 closes the supply of stopping inert gas, insert heat medium feeding unit with lower heating pipe and upper heating pipe, begin to heat stills 6, when temperature reaches regulation numerical value in stills 6, second control valve 8 and third control valve 10 open, circulating pump 14 starts. The first condenser 11 firstly creates a low-temperature environment for the pipeline, when the distilled steam generated by the distillation still 6 passes through the first condenser 11 through the pipeline, part of the distilled steam is firstly condensed, the firstly condensed distilled steam is subjected to gas-liquid separation through the gas-liquid separator 12 and then returns to the distillation still 6 again under the action of the circulating pump 14 for rectification, the uncondensed distilled steam is at the critical point of condensation, and when the distilled steam passes through the second condenser 15, the distilled steam components at the critical point are condensed and flow into the collection tank for storage 16. In the rectification process, when inert gas passes through the annular distributor 19, the gas passes through the crude oil layer in the form of bubbles at the bottom of the distillation still 6, and in the process, rising bubbles are equivalent to a micro stirring device and are used for rolling and stirring the crude oil in the distillation still 6, so that the rectification efficiency and the separation effect are improved.
In accordance with the above embodiments of the utility model, these embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the utility model to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the utility model and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the utility model and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.