CN215566286U - Piston and car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for the technical field of vehicles, and provides a piston and an automobile. The piston comprises a piston top, the piston top comprises a piston upper top surface, the piston upper top surface is provided with a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the piston upper top surface is provided with an exhaust side and an air inlet side along the first direction, and a concave pit is concavely arranged in the middle of the piston upper top surface; the concave pit is provided with a first symmetrical plane, the concave pit is symmetrical about the first symmetrical plane, the first symmetrical plane is arranged in parallel with the second direction, and the first symmetrical plane is positioned on one side, close to the exhaust side, of the central axis of the piston. According to the piston provided by the utility model, the first symmetrical plane of the pit is arranged to be close to one side of the exhaust side, and the large curved surface of the air inlet side at the top of the piston is enlarged, so that airflow in the air inlet valve is smoothly guided into the pit, the energy loss of the airflow is reduced, strong tumble flow is formed, turbulent kinetic energy is increased, and therefore, the uniform distribution of combustible mixed gas in a combustion chamber is correspondingly promoted, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

Description

Piston and car

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a piston and an automobile.

Background

With the rapid development of the automobile industry and science and technology, the automobile popularity increases year by year. In order to meet increasingly strict regulatory requirements on environmental protection, emission, safety and the like, the innovation of automobile technology has great significance for reducing environmental pollution, saving energy and meeting the requirements of consumers. The engine is used as a power source of an automobile, a gas engine with high specific output, high efficiency and good combustion stability is needed, and the application and popularization of new technology are the first place.

The high compression ratio gasoline engine has the characteristic of improving fuel economy and emission performance, and is one of effective measures for reducing oil consumption and tail gas emission. In a gasoline engine with high compression ratio by direct injection in a cylinder, the shape of the piston head has a great influence on the tumble ratio. In general, as the compression ratio increases, the tumble ratio tends to decrease. In addition, under the condition that the installation position of the oil injector is offset, and the head of the piston is of a flat top structure, a convex structure or a concave pit structure, the gas tumble ratio is easy to reduce, the gas is not uniformly mixed, the turbulent kinetic energy is reduced, the combustion efficiency is reduced, the emission is deteriorated, and the degree of wetting the wall in the cylinder is increased. Therefore, how to improve the gas tumble ratio and the turbulent kinetic energy of the high compression ratio gasoline engine so as to improve the combustion efficiency, optimize the emission and avoid wet walls in the cylinder is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a piston, and aims to solve or relieve the technical problem that the conventional engine combustion chamber with a high compression ratio has low turbulent kinetic energy to a certain extent.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the technical solution adopted by the present invention, a piston is provided, which includes a piston top, the piston top includes a piston upper top surface, the piston upper top surface has a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the piston upper top surface has an exhaust side and an intake side along the first direction, and a concave pit is concavely formed in a middle portion of the piston upper top surface; the concave pit is provided with a first symmetrical plane, the concave pit is of a symmetrical structure which is symmetrical about the first symmetrical plane, the first symmetrical plane is arranged in parallel with the second direction, and the first symmetrical plane is positioned on one side, close to the exhaust side, of the central axis of the piston.

Furthermore, the upper top surface of the piston is also provided with two boss structures which are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the boss structures are positioned between the concave pit and the upper top surface of the piston along the second direction, and the concave pit and the upper top surface of the piston are connected through the boss structures along the second direction.

Furthermore, an exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane and an intake valve avoiding inclined plane are further arranged on the upper top surface of the piston, and the exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane and the intake valve avoiding inclined plane are arranged at intervals along the first direction;

the exhaust valve avoidance inclined plane extends from the edge of the pit to the edge of the upper top surface of the piston on the exhaust side from high to low and penetrates through the boss structure and/or the upper top surface of the piston; the inlet valve avoidance inclined plane extends from high to low from the edge of the pit to the edge of the upper top surface of the piston on the air inlet side and penetrates through the boss structure and/or the upper top surface of the piston.

Further, the exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane is provided with two exhaust valves arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the intake valve avoiding inclined plane is provided with two intake valves arranged at intervals along the second direction.

Further, the bottom contour surface of the pit is a concave arc surface which is concave downwards, the concave arc surface is intersected with the intake valve avoiding inclined surface to obtain a first arc-shaped section, the concave arc surface is intersected with the exhaust valve avoiding inclined surface to obtain a second arc-shaped section, the concave arc surface is intersected with the boss structure to obtain a boss intersecting line section, and the boss intersecting line section is respectively and smoothly connected with the adjacent first arc-shaped section and the adjacent second arc-shaped section.

Further, along the second direction, the relationship between the radii of curvature of any two points on the same first arc-shaped segment is as follows: the curvature radius of one point close to the boss structure on the same side is smaller than that of one point far away from the boss structure on the same side; along the second direction, the size relationship of the curvature radius of any two points on the same second arc-shaped section is as follows: the radius of curvature of a point proximal to the boss structure is less than the radius of curvature of a point distal to the boss structure.

Further, the interval between the first symmetry plane and the central axis of the piston is in the range of 1-3 mm.

Furthermore, the boss structure is provided with a boss top plane, and the range of the boss top plane protruding out of the upper top surface of the piston is 3-6 mm.

Further, the distance between the lowest point of the bottom contour surface of the pit and the upper top surface of the piston ranges from 0.7 mm to 2 mm.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a motor vehicle comprising a piston as described above.

Compared with the prior art, the piston provided by the utility model has the advantages that the first symmetrical plane of the pit is arranged to be close to one side of the exhaust side, the large curved surface of the air inlet side at the top of the piston is enlarged, airflow in the air inlet valve is smoothly guided into the pit, the energy loss of the airflow is reduced, strong tumble flow is formed, turbulent kinetic energy is increased, and accordingly, the uniform distribution of combustible mixed gas in a combustion chamber is correspondingly promoted, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is one of the schematic illustrations of a piston provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B (along a first plane of symmetry) in fig. 2.

In the figure: 1. an exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane; 2. a boss structure; 3. a pit; 301. a second arcuate segment; 302. a first arcuate segment; 303. the line segments are intersected by the bosses; 4. the inlet valve avoids the inclined plane; 5. a top piston face; 6. a first plane of symmetry; 7. the central axis of the piston; C. a first direction; D. a second direction.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

It should be noted that the terms "length," "width," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "head," "tail," and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, are used for convenience in describing the utility model and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

It is also noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Further, "plurality" or "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the piston according to the present invention will now be described. The piston at least comprises a piston top, and certainly, the piston also comprises a head part, a skirt part and other structures.

The piston top comprises a piston upper top surface 5, the piston upper top surface 5 is a planar structure or one or several parts of a planar structure, and the piston upper top surface 5 (inside) has a first direction C and a second direction D arranged perpendicular to the first direction C. The upper piston top surface 5 has an exhaust side and an intake side in the first direction C, the exhaust valve being located at the exhaust side of the piston according to the present embodiment, and the intake valve being located at the intake side of the piston according to the present embodiment.

In addition, the middle of the top surface 5 of the piston is concavely provided with the pit 3, and the pit 3 is provided with a first symmetrical plane 6, namely the pit 3 is in a symmetrical structure relative to the first symmetrical plane 6. The first plane of symmetry 6 is arranged parallel to the second direction D, the first plane of symmetry 6 not being arranged coplanar with the central axis 7 of the piston provided by the present embodiment, i.e. the recess 3 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the piston provided by the entire present embodiment. Specifically, the first plane of symmetry 6 is located on the side of the central axis 7 of the piston provided in the present embodiment of the utility model that is adjacent to the exhaust side, that is, the first plane of symmetry 6 is closer to the exhaust side and farther from the intake side.

In fact, with the first plane of symmetry 6 as a boundary, the portion of the piston top near the intake side is a large intake side curved surface, the portion of the piston top near the exhaust side is a large exhaust side curved surface, and the large intake side curved surface is used for guiding the gas in the intake valve into the pit 3. The first symmetrical plane 6 is arranged more eccentrically and closer to the exhaust side, so that the large curved surface of the air inlet side in the embodiment is larger than the large curved surface of the traditional air inlet side, the gas in the air inlet valve can be guided to the pit 3 more favorably, the energy loss of the airflow can be reduced, meanwhile, the gas smoothly enters the pit 3 under the guidance of the large curved surface of the air inlet side, and strong tumble flow is formed and turbulent kinetic energy is increased due to the upward trend of the gas under the guidance of the pit 3. Therefore, when the piston provided by the embodiment of the utility model is used, the gas and the fuel oil are fully mixed in strong tumble flow along with the downward movement of the piston provided by the embodiment of the utility model; when the piston provided by the embodiment of the utility model moves back to move upwards, the mixed gas is extruded by the large curved surface at the air inlet side and the concave pits 3 in different directions, so that the turbulent kinetic energy in the combustion chamber is strengthened. Therefore, the piston provided by the embodiment can fully mix fuel oil and gas and promote the uniform distribution of combustible mixed gas in the combustion chamber; therefore, the propagation speed of flame can be further greatly improved, and finally, the combustion efficiency is greatly improved; power performance, economy and low emissions are also indirectly improved.

Compared with the prior art, the piston provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages that the first symmetrical plane of the pit is arranged to be close to one side of the exhaust side, the large curved surface of the air inlet side at the top of the piston is enlarged, so that airflow in the air inlet valve is smoothly guided into the pit, the energy loss of the airflow is reduced, strong tumble flow is formed, the turbulent kinetic energy is increased, the uniform distribution of combustible mixed gas in a combustion chamber is correspondingly promoted, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the upper top surface 5 of the piston further has two boss structures 2 spaced apart along the second direction D, so-called boss structures 2, which as the name implies, protrude from the upper top surface 5 of the piston. In said second direction D, each projection 2 is located between a recess 3 and a (corresponding) piston upper surface 5, and the recess 3 (bottom upper profile) and the piston upper surface 5 are connected by (upper profile of) the projection 2, i.e. in the second direction D, the recess 3 (bottom upper profile) and the piston upper surface 5 are not directly connected. The term "connected" means that the two surfaces are connected, and means that the edges of the two surfaces are connected. The boss structure 2 is not provided in the first direction C to avoid blocking of intake and exhaust as much as possible.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the upper top surface 5 of the piston further has an exhaust valve avoiding slope 1 and an intake valve avoiding slope 4, and the exhaust valve avoiding slope 1 and the intake valve avoiding slope 4 are arranged at an interval at least along the first direction C. The exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane 1 and the intake valve avoiding inclined plane 4 are called thinking, and are mainly used for avoiding the exhaust valve and the intake valve respectively.

The exhaust valve escape ramp 1 extends from the edge of the pocket 3 towards the edge of the piston upper crown 5 on the exhaust side and through the respective boss structure 2 and/or piston upper crown 5. The intake valve escape ramp 4 extends from the edge of the pocket 3 towards the edge of the piston top 5 on the intake side and extends through the respective boss structure 2 and/or piston top 5. Of course, the term "pass through the boss structure 2 and/or the upper piston top surface 5" means that the area extended by the exhaust valve escape ramp 1 or the intake valve escape ramp 4 occupies the original area of the boss structure 2 and/or the upper piston top surface 5, so that the upper piston top surface 5 is divided into several blocks by the exhaust valve escape ramp 1 or the intake valve escape ramp 4, and a part of the area of the boss structure 2 "disappears" due to being occupied by the area extended by the exhaust valve escape ramp 1 or the intake valve escape ramp 4.

Of course, the exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane 1 and the intake valve avoiding inclined plane 4 are arranged from the middle part of the top of the piston to the edge position from high to low (namely, from the concave pit 3 to the edge of the upper top surface 5 of the piston from high to low); the exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane 1 belongs to one part of the large curved surface of the exhaust side, the intake valve avoiding inclined plane 4 belongs to one part of the large curved surface of the intake side, and the arrangement of the exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane 1 and the intake valve avoiding inclined plane 4 is also beneficial to gas diversion and reduces the energy loss of airflow.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, on the basis of having the exhaust valve avoiding inclined surface 1 and the intake valve avoiding inclined surface 4 on the top of the piston, the exhaust valve avoiding inclined surface 1 has two spaced apart along the second direction D, and the intake valve avoiding inclined surface 4 has two spaced apart along the second direction D, so as to better facilitate the gas diversion. Thus, the upper piston top surface 5 is actually divided into four parts by the two exhaust valve avoiding slopes 1 and the two intake valve avoiding slopes 4. The boss structure 2 is located on an intake valve avoiding inclined plane 4 and an exhaust valve avoiding inclined plane 1 adjacent to the same side.

In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, as a specific implementation manner of the pit 3, a bottom (upper side) contour surface of the pit 3 is a concave arc surface recessed downward, the concave arc surface intersects with the intake valve avoiding inclined surface 4 to obtain a first arc-shaped section 302, the concave arc surface intersects with the exhaust valve avoiding inclined surface 1 to obtain a second arc-shaped section 301, and the concave arc surface intersects with the boss structure 2 to obtain a boss intersecting line segment 303. Of course, when the intake valve avoiding slope 4 and the exhaust valve avoiding slope 1 respectively have two spaced apart portions in the second direction D, the first arc-shaped segment correspondingly has two, and the second arc-shaped segment correspondingly has two. Similarly, when two boss structures 2 are arranged at intervals along the second direction D, there are two straight line segments correspondingly.

Of course, the boss intersecting line segment 303 should also be an arc segment structure, and the boss intersecting line segment 303 is smoothly connected with the adjacent first arc segment 302 and the adjacent second arc segment 301 respectively. The smooth connection means that the curvature radius and the curvature direction of the position on the boss intersecting line segment 303 connected with the first arc segment 302 (i.e., the edge point on the boss intersecting line segment 303 adjacent to the first arc segment 302) are the same as the curvature radius and the curvature direction of the position on the first arc segment 302 connected with the boss intersecting line segment 303 (i.e., the edge point on the first arc segment 302 adjacent to the boss intersecting line segment 303), and similarly, the curvature radius and the curvature direction of the position on the boss intersecting line segment 303 connected with the second arc segment 301 (i.e., the edge point on the boss intersecting line segment 303 adjacent to the second arc segment 301) are the same as the curvature radius and the curvature direction of the position on the second arc segment 301 connected with the boss intersecting line segment 303 (i.e., the edge point on the second arc segment 301 adjacent to the boss intersecting line segment 303).

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 2, when the intake valve avoiding inclined surface 4, the exhaust valve avoiding inclined surface 1 and the boss structure 2 respectively have two spaced apart portions along the second direction D, the upper top surface 5 of the piston is actually divided into four parts by the two exhaust valve avoiding inclined surfaces 1 and the two intake valve avoiding inclined surfaces 4. The bottom (upper side) contour surface of the pit 3 and the upper top surface 5 of the piston are arranged at intervals along the first direction C, and smooth transition connection is realized by adopting a transition curved surface. Of course, one blend corresponds to separating two first arcs and the other blend corresponds to separating two second arcs.

In some embodiments, on the basis that the bottom contour surface of the concave pit 3 is a concave arc surface which is concave downwards, along the second direction D, the size relationship of the curvature radii of any two points on the same first arc-shaped segment 302 is as follows: the radius of curvature of a point close to the boss structure 2 on the same side is smaller than the radius of curvature of a point far from the boss structure 2 on the same side. That is, at any two points on the first arc-shaped section 302 along the second direction, if the distance from one point to the boss structure 2 on the same side is greater than the distance from the other point to the boss structure 2 on the same side, the curvature radius of the point having a smaller distance from the boss structure 2 on the same side is smaller than the curvature radius of the other point having a larger distance from the boss structure 2 on the same side; that is, the closer to the same side boss structure 2 on the same first arc-shaped segment 302, the smaller the radius of curvature.

Similarly, along the second direction D, the relationship between the curvature radii of any two points on the second arc-shaped segment 301 is: the radius of curvature of a point close to the boss structure 2 on the same side is smaller than the radius of curvature of a point far from the boss structure 2 on the same side. . Thus, the flow guiding function of the pits 3 is better, the gas is smooth and upward, strong tumble flow is easier to form, and the turbulent kinetic energy is increased.

In some embodiments, the first plane of symmetry 6 is spaced from the central axis 7 of the piston provided by embodiments of the present invention by a distance in the range of 1-3mm, as a range of specific specifications.

Preferably, the first plane of symmetry 6 is spaced 2mm from the central axis 7 of the piston provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the land feature 2 has a land top plane protruding from the piston top surface 5 in a range of 3-6mm, as a range of specifications.

Preferably, the height of the top plane of the boss protruding from the top surface 5 of the piston is 4.5 mm.

In some embodiments, the distance between the lowest point of the bottom contour of the recess 3 and the upper piston face 5 is in the range of 0.7-2mm, as a range of specifications.

Preferably, the distance between the lowest point of the bottom contour surface of the recess 3 and the upper piston surface 5 is 1.2 mm.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides an automobile, which comprises the piston in the embodiment. The automobile provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises the piston in the embodiment, so that all the beneficial effects of the piston are achieved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The piston comprises a piston top, the piston top comprises a piston upper top surface, the piston upper top surface is provided with a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the piston upper top surface is provided with an exhaust side and an air inlet side along the first direction, and the piston is characterized in that a concave pit is concavely arranged in the middle of the piston upper top surface; the concave pit is provided with a first symmetrical plane, the concave pit is of a symmetrical structure which is symmetrical about the first symmetrical plane, the first symmetrical plane is arranged in parallel with the second direction, and the first symmetrical plane is positioned on one side, close to the exhaust side, of the central axis of the piston.

2. The piston of claim 1 wherein said piston upper face further includes two raised land structures spaced apart in said second direction, said raised land structures being located between said recess and said piston upper face in said second direction, and said recess and said piston upper face being joined by said raised land structures in said second direction.

3. The piston of claim 2 further comprising an exhaust valve bypass ramp and an intake valve bypass ramp on said upper piston top surface, said exhaust valve bypass ramp and said intake valve bypass ramp being spaced apart in said first direction;

the exhaust valve avoidance inclined plane extends from the edge of the pit to the edge of the upper top surface of the piston on the exhaust side from high to low and penetrates through the boss structure and/or the upper top surface of the piston; the inlet valve avoidance inclined plane extends from high to low from the edge of the pit to the edge of the upper top surface of the piston on the air inlet side and penetrates through the boss structure and/or the upper top surface of the piston.

4. The piston of claim 3 wherein said exhaust valve bypass ramp has two spaced apart in said second direction and said intake valve bypass ramp has two spaced apart in said second direction.

5. The piston as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that the bottom contour surface of said pit is a concave arc surface recessed downward, said concave arc surface intersects said intake valve avoiding slope to obtain a first arc-shaped section, said concave arc surface intersects said exhaust valve avoiding slope to obtain a second arc-shaped section, said concave arc surface intersects said boss structure to obtain a boss intersecting line section, and said boss intersecting line section is respectively in smooth connection with said first arc-shaped section and said second arc-shaped section which are adjacent.

6. The piston of claim 5 wherein, in said second direction, the radii of curvature of any two points on the same first segment have a relationship of: the curvature radius of one point close to the boss structure on the same side is smaller than that of one point far away from the boss structure on the same side; along the second direction, the size relationship of the curvature radius of any two points on the same second arc-shaped section is as follows: the radius of curvature of a point proximal to the boss structure is less than the radius of curvature of a point distal to the boss structure.

7. The piston of any of claims 1-6 wherein the first plane of symmetry is spaced from the central axis of the piston by a distance in the range of 1-3 mm.

8. The piston of any of claims 2-6 wherein said land feature has a land top surface, said land top surface projecting from said piston top surface in the range of 3-6 mm.

9. The piston of claim 5 or 6 wherein the distance between the lowest point of the bottom contour of said recess and the top surface of said piston is in the range of 0.7-2 mm.

10. A motor vehicle, comprising a piston according to any one of claims 1-9.

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