CN215489671U

CN215489671U - Hybrid system composed of plasma gasification section and coal-electricity section for urban solid garbage

Info

Publication number: CN215489671U
Application number: CN202022658410.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈衡; 吴志聪; 彭维珂; 徐钢; 陈宏刚
Original assignee: North China Electric Power University
Current assignee: North China Electric Power University
Priority date: 2020-11-17
Filing date: 2020-11-17
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mixing system consisting of a plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section of urban solid garbage. The system adopts the plasma gasification furnace to convert garbage into synthesis gas, the cooled synthesis gas is sent into the coal-fired boiler for combustion, and heat energy is converted into electric energy through the steam circulation of the coal-electricity section. In addition, the heat energy released by the synthesis gas cooling is transmitted to a feed water heating system of the coal-electricity section, so that steam extraction is saved, and the power generation capacity is increased. By integrating the syngas utilization process into the coal-fired steam power cycle, higher waste energy conversion efficiency can be achieved, and the capital cost of waste energy conversion projects can be greatly reduced.

Description

Hybrid system composed of plasma gasification section and coal-electricity section for urban solid garbage

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of plasma gasification of garbage, in particular to a mixing system consisting of a plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section of urban solid garbage.

Background

The current incineration of refuse is undoubtedly the most popular waste disposal solution, which can reduce the mass and volume of refuse by 70% and 90%, respectively, and is considered the most cost-effective method for disposing of refuse and saving landfill area. However, in the incineration process of municipal solid waste, bottom ash and fly ash containing toxic inorganic and organic compounds are generated, and particularly heavy metals in municipal solid waste cannot be degraded or destroyed, but are transferred to incineration residues. Thus, if the ash produced by incineration is not properly disposed of and effectively controlled within the incineration facility, incineration may pose a risk to the environment and human health.

The utility model establishes the coupling relation between a garbage plasma gasification system and a large coal-fired power plant, converts domestic garbage into synthetic gas by adopting a plasma gasification furnace, and sends the purified synthetic gas into a coal-fired boiler for combustion so as to convert the synthetic gas into electric energy. The heat energy released by the synthesis gas cooling is transmitted to a feed water heating system of the coal-electricity section, so that the steam extraction is saved, and the power generation capacity is increased. In addition, the inorganic components in the waste are melted and then taken out of the reactor, cooled and solidified to form inert glass-like slag, which is of great benefit to environmental protection and human health.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a mixing system consisting of a plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section of urban solid garbage, which establishes a coupling relation between a garbage gasification system and a large-scale coal-fired power plant, mixes and burns synthesis gas generated by plasma gasification of garbage and coal powder to generate electricity, and can improve the resource utilization rate. The method is characterized in that: the mixing system composed of the urban solid garbage plasma gasification section and the coal electric section comprises a garbage plasma gasification furnace, a garbage inlet, an air inlet, a plasma torch, a synthetic gas cooler, a coal-fired boiler, a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water feed pump, a high-pressure heater, a generator, an electric dust remover, a flue gas desulfurization device and a chimney. In the system, the garbage is subjected to plasma gasification treatment in a plasma gasification furnace, and organic substances mainly contained in the garbage are decomposed into synthesis gas which can be used as high-quality fuel of a coal-fired boiler. And after the inorganic components are melted, taking out the melted inorganic components from the plasma gasification furnace, cooling and solidifying the melted inorganic components to form inert glass-like slag, and then safely treating the inert glass-like slag. High-temperature synthesis gas generated by garbage gasification is primarily cooled before entering a coal-fired boiler, water for cooling is extracted from the water discharge end of the No. 2 high-pressure heater, and heated water is conveyed to the water discharge end of the No. 1 high-pressure heater. The synthetic gas at the outlet of the plasma gasification furnace enters a coal-fired boiler to be combusted with the pulverized coal, and the feed water is heated to form steam to drive a steam turbine so as to drive a generator to generate electricity. A part of high-temperature steam generated by the coal-fired boiler enters a condenser to form condensed water after a steam turbine works, and a part of high-temperature steam is extracted from the steam turbine and used for heating boiler feed water in a high-pressure heater, a deaerator and a low-pressure heater. The tail flue gas of the coal-fired boiler is safely discharged through an electric dust collector, a flue gas desulfurization device and a chimney in sequence.

In summary, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. according to the utility model, a mode of gasifying garbage by plasma is adopted, the heat value of the synthesis gas converted from organic components is high, and harmful inorganic components are solidified into glass-like slag after being melted, so that the treatment is convenient;

2. the feed water extracted from the outlet of the No. 2 high-pressure heater of the coal-fired power plant is conveyed to the synthesis gas cooler, heat is obtained from the synthesis gas, and then the feed water is conveyed back to the outlet of the No. 1 high-pressure heater, so that the steam extraction quantity of a steam turbine is reduced;

3. the synthetic gas at the outlet of the plasma gasification furnace enters a coal-fired boiler to be combusted together with pulverized coal, and the synthetic gas is heated to supply water to form steam to drive a steam turbine so as to drive a generator to generate electricity, so that not only is the garbage reasonably treated, but also the heat contained in the garbage is recycled, and the utilization rate of resources is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a mixing system consisting of a plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section for municipal solid waste.

In the figure: 1-garbage plasma gasification furnace; 2-an air inlet; 3-plasma torch; 4-a syngas cooler; 5-a coal-fired boiler; 6-high pressure cylinder; 7-intermediate pressure cylinder; 8-low pressure cylinder; 9-a condenser; 10-a condensate pump; 11-7# Low pressure Heater; 12-6# low pressure heater; 13-5# Low pressure Heater; 14-4 # Low pressure Heater; 15-a deaerator; 16-a feed pump; 17-3# high pressure heater; 18-2# high pressure heater; 19-1# high pressure heater; 20-a generator; 21-an electric dust collector; 22-flue gas desulfurization unit; 23-chimney.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a mixing system consisting of a plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section of urban solid garbage, and the working principle of the system is further explained by combining the attached drawings and the specific implementation mode.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mixing system consisting of a plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section for municipal solid waste. The system mainly comprises a garbage plasma gasification furnace 1, a garbage inlet 2, an air inlet 3, a plasma torch 4, a synthesis gas cooler 5, a coal-fired boiler 6, a high-pressure cylinder 7, a medium-pressure cylinder 8, a low-pressure cylinder 9, a condenser 10, a condensate pump 11, a low-pressure heater 12, a deaerator 13, a water feed pump 14, a high-pressure heater 15, a generator 16, an electric dust remover 17, a flue gas desulfurization device 18 and a chimney 19.

In the plasma gasification furnace 1 for garbage, the input speed of garbage is about 2kg/s, the input speed of air is about 0.3kg/s, the input speed of oxygen is about 0.4kg/s, the temperature of air and oxygen is about 25 ℃, the temperature of generated synthesis gas reaches 1300-1400 ℃, and the synthesis gas leaving the plasma gasification furnace 1 is introduced into a synthesis gas cooler 5 to be primarily cooled. Harmful inorganic components in the garbage are melted and then solidified into glass-like slag for safe treatment. In the coal-fired boiler 5, the input rate of pulverized coal is about 62kg/s, main steam generated by heating feed water is expanded in a high-pressure cylinder 6 of a steam turbine to do work, one part of the main steam enters a reheating pipeline, the other part of the main steam is extracted to heat the feed water, and the steam is sequentially expanded in a medium-pressure cylinder 7 of the steam turbine and a low-pressure cylinder 8 of the steam turbine to do work through the reheating pipeline. The exhaust steam enters a condenser 9 to be directly condensed, and condensed water sequentially passes through a condensate pump 10, a 7# low-pressure heater 11, a 6# low-pressure heater 12, a 5# low-pressure heater 13, a 4# low-pressure heater 14, a deaerator 15, a water feeding pump 16, a 3# high-pressure heater 17, a 2# high-pressure heater 18 and a 1# high-pressure heater 19 and then enters the coal-fired boiler 5. The boiler exhaust smoke passes through an electric dust collector 21, a smoke desulphurization device 22 and a chimney 23 in sequence and then is safely exhausted to the atmosphere.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid system composed of an urban solid garbage plasma gasification section and a coal-electricity section mainly comprises a garbage plasma gasification furnace (1), an air inlet (2), a plasma torch (3), a synthesis gas cooler (4), a coal-fired boiler (5), a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (6), a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder (7), a steam turbine low-pressure cylinder (8), a condenser (9), a condensate pump (10), a 7# low-pressure heater (11), a 6# low-pressure heater (12), a 5# low-pressure heater (13), a 4# low-pressure heater (14), a deaerator (15), a water feed pump (16), a 3# high-pressure heater (17), a 2# high-pressure heater (18), a 1# high-pressure heater (19), a generator (20), an electric dust remover (21), a flue gas desulfurization device (22) and a chimney (23); the method is characterized in that in a plasma gasification furnace (1), synthesis gas generated by garbage gasification is primarily cooled through a synthesis gas cooler (4), and released heat is absorbed by a feed water (I) extracted from drainage of a 2# high-pressure heater (18) and is discharged to a drainage (II) of a 1# high-pressure heater (19); the synthetic gas enters a coal-fired boiler (5), is combusted with pulverized coal, heats feed water to generate steam, and drives a steam turbine high pressure cylinder (6), a steam turbine medium pressure cylinder (7) and a steam turbine low pressure cylinder (8) to do work; inorganic components in the garbage are melted and then taken out from the reactor, cooled and solidified to form inert glass-like slag for safe treatment, and the discharged smoke of the coal-fired boiler (5) is safely discharged through an electric dust collector (21), a smoke desulphurization device (22) and a chimney (23) in sequence.

2. The hybrid system of claim 1, wherein a part of high-temperature steam generated by the coal-fired boiler (5) enters the condenser (9) to form condensed water after work is performed on the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (6), the steam turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder (7) and the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder (8), and a part of high-temperature steam is extracted from the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (6), the steam turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder (7) and the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder (8) and used for heating boiler feed water in the 7# low-pressure heater (11), the 6# low-pressure heater (12), the 5# low-pressure heater (13), the 4# low-pressure heater (14), the deaerator (15), the 3# high-pressure heater (17), the 2# high-pressure heater (18) and the 1# high-pressure heater (19).