CN215440260U - A community kitchen waste treatment and fermentation device - Google Patents
A community kitchen waste treatment and fermentation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN215440260U CN215440260U CN202122344853.5U CN202122344853U CN215440260U CN 215440260 U CN215440260 U CN 215440260U CN 202122344853 U CN202122344853 U CN 202122344853U CN 215440260 U CN215440260 U CN 215440260U
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a community kitchen waste treatment fermentation device which comprises a power supply, a controller, a storage mechanism, a crushing chamber, a fermentation tank and a compression mechanism, wherein the storage mechanism, the crushing chamber, the fermentation tank and the compression mechanism are sequentially connected, the storage mechanism is of a box body structure, a crushing cutter is arranged in the crushing chamber, a stirring device is arranged at the top in the fermentation tank, the compression mechanism comprises a barrel body and a lifting mechanism, the power supply comprises commercial power and power supply equipment, the power supply equipment comprises a solar cell panel, a solar controller, a storage battery and an inverter, which are sequentially connected, and the inverter is electrically connected with the controller. The device is provided with double power supplies, and can independently run for 4-6h when a solar system is used for driving, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the automatic switching between the double power supplies can be realized through the controller, so that the running safety and continuity of the device are improved; the kitchen waste is fermented by the microbial agent, and the fermented material can be directly filtered and compressed to form a biological fertilizer, so that the kitchen waste is treated on site, and waste is changed into valuable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a community kitchen garbage treatment fermentation device.
Background
In recent years, the economic development situation of China is rapid, the quality of life of people is greatly improved, the public environment problem gradually becomes the focus of attention of people, and one of the key factors influencing the public environment is the garbage problem. At present, the garbage can which is seen everywhere in public environment is open, and various pungent tastes are emitted in the garbage can; or the garbage can is closed, people are not willing to touch the garbage can cover by hands, garbage can be piled up around the garbage can, and the sanitation condition of the public environment is seriously influenced.
According to data display, at present, a plurality of residential area wastes still adopt a traditional treatment mode, so that when the wastes cannot be treated in time, a large amount of gaseous pollutants with peculiar smell are easily generated, residents in residential areas are subjected to interference of the peculiar smell for a long time, the normal life of people can be influenced, the working efficiency is reduced, diseases can be induced in serious situations, and at present, the peculiar smell pollution becomes the second public nuisance which is second to noise. Along with the increase of wet rubbish in the garbage bin, the bacterium also can breed in a large number and breed, if not in time clear up, can give off foul smell and harmful substance, influences human health. Especially, in summer high-temperature and high-humidity weather, the garbage fermentation in the garbage can of the urban residential area can generate foul smell, thereby causing great troubles to the life of residents.
Once the domestic garbage is generated, the collection and treatment must be properly arranged, so that the harmless treatment level of the domestic garbage can be improved. The method mainly comprises two levels of requirements, namely strengthening the collection of the domestic garbage generated by the scattered residents and realizing the classified collection of the domestic garbage. Secondly, the garbage is effectively pretreated, the benefits brought by the garbage are increased, the pollution brought by the garbage is reduced, and the existing harmless treatment of the household garbage comprises the modes of sanitary landfill, compost treatment, incineration treatment, recycling and the like.
(1) Landfill method
The landfill method is the most common one for treating municipal domestic waste. The method has the advantages of low cost in the treatment process and simple treatment mode, so the method is widely used by people. However, the treatment method has certain defects, and a large amount of bacteria and viruses are easily generated in the treatment process, so that the physical health of residents is affected. Once the treatment mode is improper, air and underground water are polluted, and secondary pollution is caused in cities. The landfill method has improper treatment mode, so that the problem of garbage accumulation is not solved, and the pollution degree of a city is increased. With the increase of urban population, the urbanization process is accelerated, the garbage yield is increased daily, and a single garbage landfill method cannot meet the treatment requirement of a large amount of garbage in cities.
(2) Composting process
The composting method is an ideal garbage disposal mode, the traditional method for providing nutrients for crops by adopting the composting method has been used in rural areas since ancient times, and the mode is gradually utilized by cities for disposing domestic garbage. The treatment mode is mainly suitable for treating organic garbage, and the main operation mode is that organic matters in the garbage are decomposed by using microorganisms, so that the garbage is changed into a usable fertilizer, the household garbage can be changed into a fertilizer capable of providing nutrients for soil, and the utilization rate of the garbage is greatly improved. It is worth noting that the compost method is used for treating the garbage, the requirement on urban garbage classification is high, only the garbage classification work is done in advance, the usable part in the garbage can be fully utilized, the harmful substances in the garbage are completely separated, otherwise, the soil can be greatly damaged.
(3) Incineration method
The incineration method is the most common garbage treatment mode in developed countries in the western world, and the main steps are to incinerate the garbage at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, so that germs in the garbage can be effectively reduced, the released energy can be used for power generation, and the utilization efficiency of the garbage is improved. The mode can reduce the space occupied by garbage stacking and landfill and has great application advantages. However, the incineration method has high technical requirements and high cost. At present, the incineration mode of China is still in the primary stage, and both the technical mastery and the equipment allocation need to be perfected.
In order to solve the problem of domestic garbage accumulation, China puts forward a garbage classification policy, and in the process of treating domestic garbage, kitchen garbage can be separately classified and treated, the kitchen garbage is mainly wet garbage, the content of oil, water and other liquid in the kitchen garbage is high, the kitchen garbage is easy to rot and deteriorate except for inconvenient transportation, and particularly in high-temperature weather, the kitchen garbage is heavy in acid odor and smell and is easy to breed mosquitoes, so that the environment pollution is caused, and the public health is harmed.
The 'on-site treatment' of wet garbage is a solution, and since the community kitchen garbage is collected in a garbage can usually in a fixed place, the treatment equipment is required to be small in size, the treatment process flow is simple, the operation is stable and reliable, and the economic cost of the operation is fully considered so as to be popularized and implemented.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a kitchen waste treatment fermentation device suitable for communities, which has the advantages of small volume, simple treatment process, stable and reliable operation and low operation cost.
The technical scheme of the utility model is detailed as follows:
a community kitchen garbage treatment fermentation device comprises a power supply, a controller, and a storage mechanism, a crushing chamber, a fermentation tank and a compression mechanism which are connected in sequence, wherein,
the storage mechanism is of a box body structure, the top of the storage mechanism is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom of the storage mechanism is provided with a first discharge port;
a crushing cutter is arranged in the crushing chamber, the crushing cutter is driven by a first motor to operate, and a second discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the crushing chamber;
the top in the fermentation tank is provided with a stirring device, the stirring device is driven by a second motor to operate, the bottom is provided with a filter screen and a drain outlet, and the drain outlet is used for being connected with a sewer; a third discharge hole is formed in the side wall of the fermentation tank, which is close to the filter screen;
the compression mechanism comprises a cylinder body and a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is driven by a third motor to move up and down in the cylinder body so as to compress materials; a fourth discharge hole is formed in the side wall, close to the bottom, of the cylinder body;
the controller respectively controls the starting and the closing of the first motor, the second motor and the third motor, and the opening and the closing of the first discharge hole, the second discharge hole, the third discharge hole and the fourth discharge hole;
the power supply comprises commercial power and power supply equipment, the power supply equipment comprises a solar cell panel, a solar controller, a storage battery pack and an inverter which are sequentially connected, and the inverter is electrically connected with the controller.
Optionally or preferably, the fermentation tank of the community kitchen garbage treatment fermentation device is further connected with a microbial inoculum feeding box, and the microbial inoculum feeding box is controlled by the controller to feed a microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank.
Optionally or preferably, in the fermentation device for kitchen waste treatment in the community, a temperature sensor is arranged in the fermentation tank, an electric heater is arranged outside the fermentation tank, the temperature sensor and the electric heater are both connected with the controller, and the controller receives temperature monitoring data of the temperature sensor and controls the electric heater to be turned on or turned off.
Optionally or preferably, the fermentation device for processing kitchen waste in the community is provided with a hygrometer which is connected with the controller and used for transmitting humidity monitoring data to the controller.
Optionally or preferably, the community kitchen waste treatment fermentation device further comprises a water supply device, wherein the water supply device comprises a water storage tank, a first water supply pipe, a second water supply pipe and a third water supply pipe, the first water supply pipe is used for supplying water in the water storage tank to the storage mechanism, the second water supply pipe is used for supplying water in the water storage tank to the crushing chamber, and the third water supply pipe is used for supplying water in the water storage tank to the fermentation tank; each water supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller and is controlled to be opened and closed by the controller.
Optionally or preferably, in the fermentation device for kitchen waste treatment in the community, the stirring device is further provided with a rotation speed sensor, the rotation speed sensor is connected with the controller and used for transmitting stirring rotation speed data of the stirring device to the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the third discharge port and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve on the third water supply pipe according to the rotation speed data through a preset program.
Optionally or preferably, the controller of the community kitchen waste treatment fermentation device is further connected with a remote transmission module for transmitting data and receiving instructions to a master control center.
Optionally or preferably, the kitchen garbage disposal and fermentation device for the community is characterized in that a liquid level sensor is arranged in the storage mechanism, and the liquid level sensor is connected with the controller and sends liquid level information to the controller.
Optionally or preferably, in the fermentation device for processing kitchen waste in the community, the top of the fermentation tank is provided with an exhaust pipe.
Optionally or preferably, in the community kitchen waste treatment fermentation device, the storage mechanism is provided with a bucket cover at a feeding opening, the bucket cover comprises a cover plate, a connecting part and binding nails, the connecting part is of a bent structure, one end of the connecting part is fixedly connected with the cover plate, the binding nails are distributed at the other end of the connecting part, a mounting hole is formed in the connecting part of the connecting part and the cover plate, and the connecting part penetrates through the mounting hole through a pin shaft and is hinged to the storage mechanism; when the cover plate is turned upwards, the rotation of the cover plate drives the connecting part and the binding nail to rotate so that the binding nail is correspondingly displayed at the lower end of the throwing opening.
Optionally or preferably, the cover plate of the community kitchen garbage disposal fermentation device is provided with a groove.
The community kitchen garbage treatment fermentation device provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the device is provided with solar energy and municipal electricity double power supplies as a driving power supply, and can independently run for 4-6h when a solar energy system is used for driving, so that the energy consumption is greatly reduced, automatic switching between the double power supplies can be realized through the controller, and the running safety and continuity of the device are improved.
The kitchen garbage is fermented by the microbial agent, a fermentation period is about 7 days generally, and the fermented materials can be directly filtered and compressed to form a biological fertilizer, so that the garbage is treated on site, and waste is changed into valuable.
Whole device is provided with water supply system, is convenient for adjust the solid-to-liquid ratio in the fermentation cylinder on the one hand, and on the other hand can also wash depositing mechanism, crushing room, fermentation cylinder etc. especially deposits the mechanism, and the person of puting in after wasing can not experience rubbish peculiar smell.
The device is controlled to holistic work step by the controller, starts or closes the function of each component according to predetermineeing the procedure, realizes the automatic operation of equipment, still installs teletransmission module in addition, transmits the running state condition of device and the abnormal conditions that appears etc. to the total control center of distal end, more is fit for the outfit and the control management of a plurality of communities.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a fermentation apparatus for treating kitchen waste in a community according to embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the barrel cover structure of the device in embodiment 1, wherein the left side is the cover plate opened state, and the right side is the cover plate closed state.
In the figure:
1-power supply, 2-controller, 3-storage mechanism, 31-input port, 32-barrel cover, 321-cover plate, 322-mounting hole, 323-connecting part, 324-binding nail, 4-crushing chamber, 5-fermentation tank, 6-compression mechanism, 61-lifting mechanism and 7-water supply device.
Detailed Description
The utility model is explained and illustrated in detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the utility model and implement it.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a fermentation device for treating kitchen waste in community comprises a power supply 1, a controller 2, a water supply device 7, a storage mechanism 3, a crushing chamber 4, a fermentation tank 5 and a compression mechanism 6 which are connected in sequence.
The storage mechanism 3 is of a box structure, the top of the storage mechanism is provided with a feeding port 31, the feeding port is provided with a barrel cover 32, and the bottom of the storage mechanism is provided with a first discharge port.
Referring to fig. 2, the tub cover 32 includes a cover plate 321, a connecting portion 323 and a binding nail 324, wherein the connecting portion 323 is a bent structure, one end of the connecting portion 323 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 321, the binding nail 324 is disposed on the other end of the connecting portion, the binding nail faces upward, a mounting hole 322 is disposed at a connection position of the connecting portion 323 and the cover plate 321, and the connecting portion is hinged to the storage mechanism 3 through a pin shaft passing through the mounting hole 322. In addition, the cover plate 321 is provided with a groove which is formed by recessing inwards from the edge of one end of the cover plate far away from the mounting hole. The connecting portions 323 are preferably rod-shaped structures, and the number thereof may be set as required.
Referring to fig. 1, the lower portion of the storage mechanism 3 is connected to the crushing chamber 4 through a first discharge port, a crushing tool is disposed in the crushing chamber 4, the crushing tool is driven by a first motor to operate, a second discharge port is disposed at the bottom of the crushing chamber, a control switch is disposed at the second discharge port, and the control switches of the first motor and the second discharge port are both connected to a controller.
The fermentation tank 5 is also connected with a microbial inoculum feeding box which is also provided with a control switch, and the microbial inoculum is fed into the fermentation tank under the control of a controller. The top of the fermentation tank is provided with an exhaust port for exhausting gas generated in the fermentation process.
If a fermentation mode mainly comprising aerobic fermentation is adopted, aeration pipes can be arranged in the fermentation tank, and air is conveyed into the fermentation tank through the aeration device for fermentation. If the aeration device is arranged, the aeration device can also be controlled by the controller or is provided with a control system.
In addition, a temperature sensor and a hygrometer are arranged in the fermentation tank 5, an electric heater is arranged outside the fermentation tank, the temperature sensor, the hygrometer and the electric heater are all connected with a controller, and the controller receives temperature monitoring data of the temperature sensor and humidity monitoring data of the hygrometer and controls the electric heater to be turned on or turned off.
A third discharge hole of the fermentation tank is connected with a compression mechanism 6, the compression mechanism 6 comprises a cylinder body and a lifting mechanism 61, and the lifting mechanism 61 is driven by a third motor to move up and down in the cylinder body so as to compress the material; the bottom of the barrel is provided with a filter screen and a drain outlet which is connected with a sewer. In addition, a fourth discharge hole is formed in the side wall, close to the bottom, of the barrel body, and the fourth discharge hole is also provided with a control switch. The control switches of the third motor and the fourth discharge hole are connected with the controller.
The power supply 1 comprises commercial power and power supply equipment, the power supply equipment provides a solar power supply, the power supply equipment comprises a solar cell panel, a solar controller, a storage battery pack and an inverter which are sequentially connected, and the inverter is electrically connected with the controller. The power supply switching is controlled by the controller 2 to be completed, the solar power supply is used when the storage battery is electrified, and the municipal power supply is switched when the electric quantity is insufficient. And after one power storage period, detecting the electric quantity of the storage battery, and switching to the solar power supply after the electric quantity is sufficient.
The water supply device 7 comprises a water storage tank, a first water supply pipe, a second water supply pipe and a third water supply pipe, wherein the first water supply pipe is used for supplying water in the water storage tank to the storage mechanism 3, the second water supply pipe is used for supplying water in the water storage tank to the crushing chamber 4, and the third water supply pipe is used for supplying water in the water storage tank to the fermentation tank 5; each water supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller and is controlled to be opened and closed by the controller. The water in the water storage tank is provided by a municipal water supply pipeline, and the water inflow can be controlled by a common mechanism like a floating ball of a closestool. When the storage mechanism, the crushing chamber and the fermentation tank need to be cleaned, the corresponding water supply pipe valve is opened. Of course, the first and the third water supply pipes can be added or removed according to actual requirements, except that the second water supply pipe is necessary.
In the device, the controller 2 is further connected with a remote transmission module for transmitting data and receiving instructions to the master control center.
When a resident puts in kitchen waste, the kitchen waste is usually put in a plastic bag and lifted to a garbage can, and the design of the can cover of the device can facilitate the separation of the plastic bag and the kitchen waste without dirtying hands when the resident puts in the plastic bag. When the cover plate is turned upwards, the cover plate rotates clockwise along the pin shaft, so that the connecting part and the binding nail are driven to rotate clockwise, the binding nail is correspondingly displayed at the lower end of the throwing opening, after a garbage bag (namely a plastic bag filled with garbage) is put in, the garbage bag sinks due to the self gravity of the garbage, the binding nail punctures the bottom of the garbage bag, the kitchen garbage falls into the storage mechanism, the plastic bag is left in the hand, and the plastic bag can be thrown into a corresponding plastic garbage collecting barrel. If the garbage is too light, the portable plastic bag can be partially plugged into the groove on the cover plate, the cover plate is covered, and the plastic bag is pulled upwards, so that after the garbage bag is pricked and pinned to break the bottom, the garbage in the bag is squeezed by the groove in the process of pulling upwards to break the garbage bag along the pricked bottom and fall into the storage mechanism, and the plastic bag is pulled out from the groove and can be independently put into a corresponding plastic garbage collection barrel.
Surplus rubbish entering in kitchen deposits mechanism, get into crushing room along first discharge gate, smash the indoor crushing cutter of smashing and smash, reentrant fermentation cylinder, start agitating unit stirs, this in-process speed sensor can be with agitating unit's rotational speed data transmission to controller, if the rotational speed is less than the default, show that fermented material water content is low excessively, the stirring resistance is big, control water supply installation's third this moment send the water pipe valve to open, supply water to the rotational speed be close or reach the default and stop promptly. If the fermentation material water content is big, it is too thin, then the rotational speed is close or reach the default, then the drain of control fermentation cylinder is opened this moment, because there is the filter screen to block the solid matter in the material, so can ooze partly with water, when the rotational speed slightly is less than the default, shows that the displacement is enough, then closes the drain. After the water content of the fermentation material is adjusted, the microbial inoculum feeding box is controlled to be opened, and a proper amount of fermentation microbial inoculum is put into the fermentation box for stirring and fermentation. The rotating speed preset value and the fluctuation space can be preset according to the program of the early-stage test result. The hygrometer can also help to monitor the ambient humidity condition in the fermentation tank, and the controller adjusts whether to add water according to the humidity condition.
For the control of temperature in the fermentation process, can be through data transmission to the controller of temperature sensor monitoring, it is usually that the temperature is too low, heats the fermentation cylinder by controller control electric heater, improves fermentation temperature. For the condition of too low temperature, the preset fermentation period time is only required to be adjusted to be long in the controller.
Through preliminary tests, a fermentation period is about 7 days in general. After a fermentation period, the third discharge gate of control fermentation cylinder is opened, and the material that ferments enters into compressing mechanism under agitating unit's stirring power and self action of gravity, and compressing mechanism's bottom generally can be less than the bottom of fermentation cylinder when the design, makes things convenient for the entering and the storage of material in the fermentation cylinder like this.
After the fermented material is conveyed, the controller controls to close the third discharge port, the lifting mechanism is started, the fermented material is compressed, liquid enters a sewer from the sewage outlet, the solid becomes a fermented fertilizer block, and the fermented material can be taken out by opening the fourth discharge port. Basically, a person is dispatched to take one time in one fermentation period.
As an alternative, the fourth discharge hole of the compression mechanism can also be arranged at the side wall close to the top, at the moment, the lifting mechanism is also correspondingly adjusted to be compressed from bottom to top, and the filter screen structure can be omitted by the scheme. The concrete working mode is that after the fermented materials are conveyed, the controller controls the third discharge hole to be closed, the lifting mechanism is started, the lifting mechanism slowly rises upwards to limit the fermented materials in the space above the lifting mechanism and the barrel, the space is continuously reduced, liquid in the fermented materials in the process flows downwards along the edge of a platform used for pushing the materials by the lifting mechanism, namely a gap between the platform and the barrel, solid materials are gradually left, and the solid materials are compressed into fermented fertilizer blocks.
The kitchen garbage treatment fermentation device of the whole community can be controlled to operate through an Internet of things system, can be realized by directly applying the existing communication technology and computer technology, is less in manual participation, saves labor cost, realizes the on-site treatment of kitchen garbage, and changes waste into valuables.
The inventive concept is explained in detail herein using specific examples, which are given only to aid in understanding the core concepts of the utility model. It should be understood that any obvious modifications, equivalents and other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122344853.5U CN215440260U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | A community kitchen waste treatment and fermentation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122344853.5U CN215440260U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | A community kitchen waste treatment and fermentation device |
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| CN215440260U true CN215440260U (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113735638A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-03 | 河北民族师范学院 | A community kitchen waste treatment and fermentation device |
| CN114471325A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛和协生物科技有限公司 | Organic waste compost intelligence compounding device |
-
2021
- 2021-09-27 CN CN202122344853.5U patent/CN215440260U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113735638A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-03 | 河北民族师范学院 | A community kitchen waste treatment and fermentation device |
| CN113735638B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2024-08-23 | 河北民族师范学院 | Community kitchen waste treatment fermentation device |
| CN114471325A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛和协生物科技有限公司 | Organic waste compost intelligence compounding device |
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