CN215425322U

CN215425322U - Knee joint prosthesis structure

Info

Publication number: CN215425322U
Application number: CN202120236923.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邬黎平
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-27
Filing date: 2021-01-27
Publication date: 2022-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses a knee joint prosthesis structure, which comprises a femur component, a cushion block component, a tibia component and a patella component, wherein the femur component is provided with an intercondylar fixing block which is provided with a convex part, the inner wall of the femur component is provided with a first coating used for bone ingrowth or bone growth, the cushion block component is positioned between the femur component and the tibia component, the outer wall of the lower end of the tibia component is provided with a second coating used for bone ingrowth or bone growth, the patella component is positioned in front of the femur component, the inner wall of the patella component is provided with a third coating used for bone ingrowth or bone growth, the knee joint prosthesis structure is a biological fixed prosthesis structure, various defects and complications caused by bone cement fixing can be avoided, the harm of currently applied bone cement to patients and operation related medical staff is reduced, the long-term stability of the prosthesis is improved, the prosthesis loosening rate and the operation revision rate are reduced, the cost is saved, the problem of high medical attention is solved, and the method has great social effect and economic benefit.

Description

Knee joint prosthesis structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of bone joint surgery consumables and instruments, in particular to a knee joint prosthesis structure.

Background

In total knee replacement surgery, a cutting tool is used to remove diseased bone at the distal end of the femur and proximal end of the tibia, hyperplastic osteophytes, and surrounding soft tissue, and then a knee prosthesis is installed. Knee joint prosthesis usually includes thighbone part, cushion and shin bone part, all need to use bone cement as the media between bone and the prosthesis when present domestic knee joint prosthesis structure installation with the both inseparable connection together of the two, but bone cement itself has lethal bone cement anaphylactic reaction, medical staff inhales bone cement smell easily moreover and causes the injury to the health, use bone cement in addition to increase the using material, the expense of operation has been increased, still bone cement is fixed improper and the live time overlength leads to the prosthesis easily to become flexible.

With the progress of aging, about one hundred million patients with knee joint diseases in China currently exist, and the knee joint replacement surgery of implanting knee joint prosthesis is the 'gold standard' of the final treatment of the diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to design a knee joint prosthesis with full biological fixation, bone ingrowth function and no bone cement fixation defect.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides a knee joint prosthesis structure which can avoid the injury of the current bone cement application to patients and operation-related medical staff, improve the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduce the prosthesis loosening rate and the operation revision rate, save the cost, be beneficial to solving the problem of high diagnosis cost and have great social effect and economic benefit.

The knee joint prosthesis structure according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: the femur component is provided with an inner condyle, an outer condyle and an intercondylar fixing block, the intercondylar fixing block is arranged between the inner condyle and the outer condyle, the intercondylar fixing block is provided with a hemispherical convex part, the convex part deviates from the inner wall of the inner condyle and the inner wall of the outer condyle and extends backwards, the inner wall of the femur component is provided with a first coating used for bone ingrowth or bone ingrowth, the upper end of the tibia component is provided with a tibia inner side position and a tibia outer side position, the lower end of the tibia component is provided with a first connecting column, the outer wall of the lower end of the tibia component is provided with a second coating used for bone ingrowth or bone ingrowth, the cushion component is arranged between the femur component and the tibia component, the cushion component is provided with an inner cushion block and an outer side, the inner cushion block is fixedly installed at the tibia inner side position, the lateral cushion block is movably arranged at the lateral position of the tibia, the patella component is positioned in front of the femoral component, the patella component is provided with a second connecting column, and the inner wall of the patella component is provided with a third coating used for bone ingrowth or bone growth.

The knee joint prosthesis structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the knee joint prosthesis is characterized in that an intercondylar fixing block is arranged between the medial condyle and the lateral condyle of the femoral component, the intercondylar fixing block is provided with a hemispherical convex part, the convex part is arranged to extend backwards away from the inner walls of the medial condyle and the lateral condyle, when the femoral component is fixed on the femur of a patient, the medial condyle and the lateral condyle are respectively wrapped on the surfaces of the medial condyle bone and the lateral condyle bone of the femur of the patient, meanwhile, the hemispherical convex part of the intercondylar fixed block is embedded in the reaming hole in the middle of the distal bone surface of the femur, the large hemispherical convex part is embedded into a relatively small medullary expanding hole to play a role of press-fit fixation, thereby initially fixing the femoral component to the femur of the patient without bone cement, obtaining an initial stability, simultaneously the first coating on the inner wall of the femoral component forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface after about 3-4 weeks, thereby allowing the femoral component to achieve long-term stability on the patient's femur; similarly, the tibial component can be embedded into the medullary reaming hole of the bone tissue of the tibial platform of the patient through the first connecting column, and the larger first connecting column is embedded into the relatively smaller medullary reaming hole to play a role in press fit and fixation, so that the tibial component can be fixed in the proximal tibia bone of the patient without bone cement to obtain initial stability, and meanwhile, after about 3-4 weeks, the second coating of the tibial component forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface in the tibial platform of the patient, so that the tibial component can obtain long-term stability on the tibial platform of the patient; similarly, the patella component is embedded into a relatively small medullary reaming hole of the patella of the patient through a larger second connecting column to play a role in press fit and fixation, so that the patella component can be fixed in the patella bone of the patient without bone cement to obtain initial stability, and meanwhile, after about 3-4 weeks, a third coating layer on the inner wall of the patella component forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface of the patella of the patient, so that the patella component obtains long-term stability on the patella of the patient; meanwhile, the cushion block component is divided into an inner side cushion block and an outer side cushion block, the size and the thickness of the inner side cushion block and the outer side cushion block can be different according to the operation condition of a patient, the inner side cushion block is fixedly arranged on the inner side position of the tibia and cannot move, the outer side cushion block can freely slide on the outer side position of the tibia but does not dislocate, and therefore the knee joint prosthesis structure realizes inner side fixing and outer side moving and is more consistent with an inner shaft movement mode that the inner side of the normal knee joint of a human body is stable and the outer side rotates around the inner side; in a word, the knee joint prosthesis structure is a biological fixed prosthesis structure, can avoid various defects and complications caused by bone cement fixation, reduces the harm of the currently applied bone cement to patients and operation-related medical staff, improves the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduces the prosthesis loosening rate and the operation revision rate, saves cost, is favorable for solving the problem of high patient-seeing cost, and has great social effect and economic benefit.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the femoral component is further provided with a positioning post disposed on an inner wall of the medial condyle and/or the lateral condyle.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the positioning column is disposed with an acute angle of inclination upward or downward with respect to the axial direction of the intercondylar fixing block.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the outer wall of the intercondylar fixation block is non-smooth.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the first connecting column is a cone-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the lower end of the tibial component is further provided with a rib plate, and the rib plate is located on the outer wall of the first connecting column.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the outer wall of the first connector post is provided with a first groove, and the first groove is spirally wound on the outer wall of the first connector post.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the lower end of the tibial component is further provided with a third connection post located laterally of the first connection post.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the number of the third connecting columns is two, and two of the third connecting columns are respectively located at both sides of the first connecting column.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the outer wall of the third connecting column is provided with a third groove, the third groove being a transverse groove.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prosthetic knee joint structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a femoral component;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a tibial component;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of the patella component.

Reference numerals:

femoral component 100, medial condyle 110, lateral condyle 120, intercondylar fixation block 130, projection 131, positioning post 140;

a pad member 200, an inner pad 210, an outer pad 220;

the tibia component 300, a tibia medial position 310, a tibia lateral position 311, a first connecting column 320, a rib plate 321, a first groove 322, a third connecting column 330 and a third groove 331;

patella component 400, second connection post 410.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a knee joint prosthesis structure according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a femoral component 100, a spacer component 200, a tibial component 300, and a patellar component 400. The femoral component 100 is provided with an inner condyle 110, an outer condyle 120 and an intercondylar fixing block 130, the inner condyle 110 and the outer condyle 120 are arc-shaped, the inner condyle 110 and the outer condyle 120 are respectively used for wrapping and fixing on the inner condyle and the outer condyle of a femur of a patient, the distal end of the femur can be better wrapped by the arc-shaped inner condyle 110 and the arc-shaped outer condyle 120, the intercondylar fixing block 130 is arranged between the inner condyle 110 and the outer condyle 120, the intercondylar fixing block 130 is provided with a hemispherical convex part 131, the convex part 131 extends backwards away from the inner walls of the inner condyle 110 and the outer condyle 120, the inner wall of the femoral component 100 is provided with a first coating used for bone ingrowth or bone length, and the first coating can be a coating with bone ingrowth or bone length superior function such as a tantalum metal coating, a titanium metal coating or a hydroxyapatite coating. The upper end of tibial component 300 is equipped with shin bone medial side position 310 and shin bone lateral side position 311, and the lower extreme of tibial component 300 is equipped with first connecting post 320, and the lower extreme outer wall of tibial component 300 is provided with and is used for the bone to grow into or the second coating on the bone length, and the second coating is similar with the material of first coating. The spacer component 200 is positioned between the femoral component 100 and the tibial component 300, the spacer component 200 is provided with a medial spacer 210 and a lateral spacer 220, the sizes and thicknesses of the medial and

lateral spacers

210, 220 may be different depending on the surgical condition of the patient, the medial spacer 210 is fixedly mounted at the medial position 310 of the tibia, and the lateral spacer 220 is movably mounted at the lateral position 311 of the tibia. Specifically, shin bone inboard side position 310 is provided with the draw-in groove, and inboard cushion 210 joint is on the draw-in groove, and shin bone outside position 311's surface is more smooth, and outside cushion 220 can freely slide on shin bone outside position 311 but not dislocate, and in addition, inboard cushion 210 is less relatively, and outside cushion 220 is great relatively, accords with the big outward physiological morphology of little in the normal human knee joint tibial plateau more. The patella component 400 is located in front of the femoral component 100, the patella component 400 is provided with a second connection post 410, and the inner wall of the patella component 400 is provided with a third coating for bone ingrowth or on bone ingrowth, the third coating being of a similar material to the first coating. Specifically, one end of the patella component 400 protrudes outward to form a medial side and a lateral side with a protrusion formed therebetween.

The knee joint prosthesis is characterized in that an intercondylar fixing block 130 is arranged between a medial condyle 110 and a lateral condyle 120 of a femoral component 100, the intercondylar fixing block 130 is provided with a hemispherical convex part 131, the convex part 131 is arranged to extend backwards away from the inner walls of the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120, when the femoral component 100 is fixed on the femur of a patient, the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 are respectively wrapped on the surfaces of a medial condyle bone and a lateral condyle bone of the femur of the patient, the hemispherical convex part 131 of the intercondylar fixing block 130 is embedded in a medullary expanding hole in the middle of the distal bone surface of the femur, a larger hemispherical convex part 131 is embedded in a relatively smaller medullary expanding hole to play a role of press-fit fixing, so that the femoral component can be preliminarily fixed on the femur of the patient without bone cement, an initial stability is obtained, and a bone ingrowth is formed on the bone surface after about 3-4 weeks by the first coating of the inner wall of the femoral component 100, thereby allowing the femoral component 100 to achieve long-term stability on the patient's femur; similarly, the tibial component 300 can be embedded into the medullary reaming hole of the bone tissue of the patient's tibial plateau through the first connecting post 320, and the larger first connecting post 320 is embedded into the relatively smaller medullary reaming hole to play a role of press-fit fixation, so that the tibial component 300 can be fixed in the proximal tibia bone of the patient without bone cement, an initial stability is obtained, and meanwhile, after about 3-4 weeks, the second coating of the tibial component 300 forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface in the patient's tibial plateau, so that the tibial component 300 can obtain a long-term stability on the patient's tibial plateau; similarly, the patella component 400 is embedded into a relatively small medullary reaming hole of the patient's patella through a larger second connecting post 410 to play a role in press fit fixation, so that the patella component 400 can be fixed in the patella bone of the patient without bone cement to obtain an initial stability, and meanwhile, after about 3-4 weeks, the third coating on the inner wall of the patella component 400 forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface of the patient's patella to ensure that the patella component 400 obtains long-term stability on the patient's patella; meanwhile, the cushion block component 200 is divided into an inner side cushion block 210 and an outer side cushion block 220, the inner side cushion block 210 is fixedly arranged on the inner side position 310 of the tibia and cannot move, and the outer side cushion block 220 can freely slide on the outer side position 311 of the tibia but does not dislocate, so that the knee joint prosthesis structure realizes inner side fixation and outer side movement and is more consistent with an inner shaft movement mode that the inner side of the normal knee joint of a human body is stable and the outer side rotates by taking the inner side as a shaft; in a word, the knee joint prosthesis structure is a biological fixed prosthesis structure, can avoid various defects and complications caused by bone cement fixation, reduces the harm of the currently applied bone cement to patients and operation-related medical staff, improves the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduces the prosthesis loosening rate and the operation revision rate, saves cost, is favorable for solving the problem of high patient-seeing cost, and has great social effect and economic benefit.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the femoral component 100 is further provided with two or more positioning pillars 140, the positioning pillars 140 are disposed on the inner wall of the medial condyle 110 or the lateral condyle 120, or the positioning pillars 140 are disposed on the inner walls of the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120. When the femoral component 100 is secured to the distal femur of a patient, the positioning post 140 is inserted into the femur so that the femoral component 100 can be more securely secured to the patient's femur.

In the above embodiment, the orientation of the positioning column 140 in the axial direction may be inclined upward or downward relative to the orientation of the intercondylar fixing block 130, so that an included angle is formed between the orientation of the positioning column 140 and the orientation of the intercondylar fixing block 130, the included angle is an acute angle, generally not greater than 60 °, so that the femoral component 100 can be further stably fixed on the femur of the patient and is not easy to loosen or pull out, and the femoral component 100 is prevented from loosening or pulling out from the femur of the patient when the femoral component 100 is subjected to an external force in a certain direction during use.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the intercondylar fixing block 130 is a non-smooth surface, and the non-smooth surface is coated with a first coating layer, so that after the femoral component 100 is installed on the distal femur of the patient, the first coating layer can guide the bone material newly grown on the resection surface of the distal femur of the patient to be more easily integrated with the intercondylar fixing block 130, so that the femoral component 100 can be stably installed on the femur of the patient for a long time.

Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first connecting column 320 has a cone-shaped structure with a large top and a small bottom. Through the arrangement, when the first connecting column 320 is inserted into the proximal tibia end to install the tibial component 300 on the tibia of a patient, the first connecting column 320 is of a cone-shaped structure with a large top and a small bottom, so that the first connecting column 320 is inserted into the proximal tibia end more easily and stably, and the convenience in operation is improved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end of the tibial component 300 is further provided with a rib 321, and the rib 321 is located on the outer wall of the first connecting post 320 to form a wing of the first connecting post 320. Ribs 321 may increase the contact area of first coupling post 320 with the tibia, thereby improving the stability of tibial component 300 for mounting on the patient's tibia. The number of the rib plates 321 on the first connecting column 320 may be specifically set according to needs, and may be one or two or three or more, for example.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the first connecting post 320 is provided with a first groove 322, and due to the existence of the first groove 322, the first connecting post 320 has a larger contact area with the proximal end of the tibia after being inserted into the tibia of the patient, and the second coating on the surface of the first connecting post forms a stronger anti-pull-out capability after the bone grows in, and is not easy to loosen and shift, so that the connection strength between the first connecting post 320 and the tibia can be further improved.

In the above embodiment, the first groove 322 is spirally wound on the outer wall of the first connecting post 320, so that the length of the first groove 322 can be longer and stepped, and more bone substances are embedded in the tibia of the first groove 322, which is beneficial to further improving the connection strength between the first connecting post 320 and the tibia, and at this time, the first groove 322 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the first connecting post 320, so as to avoid that the first connecting post 320 is easily loosened from the tibia under the action of an external force along the axial direction of the first connecting post 320.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end of the tibial component 300 is further provided with a third connecting post 330, the third connecting post 330 is located at the side of the first connecting post 320, and the third connecting post 330 is also inserted into the tibia when the tibial component 300 is fixed on the tibia of the patient. The fixation strength of the tibial component 300 to the patient's tibia can be further enhanced by the provision of the second connecting post. Specifically, the size of the third connecting column 330 may be smaller than that of the first connecting column 320, the number of the third connecting columns may be two, the two third connecting columns 330 are respectively located at two sides of the first connecting column 320, and of course, the number of the third connecting columns 330 may also be specifically set according to actual needs.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the third connecting column 330 is provided with a third indentation 331, and the third indentation 331 is a transverse indentation and is disposed in a step shape on the outer wall of the third connecting column 330. Due to the existence of the third groove 331, part of bone is embedded into the third groove 331 when the late growth of the tibia is recovered, so that the connecting and fixing strength of the third connecting column 330 and the tibia can be further improved. Meanwhile, the third groove 331 is a transverse groove, so that the third connecting column 330 is not easily separated from the tibia when being subjected to a pulling force along the axial direction, and the connection stability of the third connecting column 330 and the tibia is further improved.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knee prosthesis structure, comprising:

the femur component is provided with an inner condyle, an outer condyle and an intercondylar fixing block, the intercondylar fixing block is arranged between the inner condyle and the outer condyle, the intercondylar fixing block is provided with a hemispherical convex part, the convex part extends backwards and deviates from the inner walls of the inner condyle and the outer condyle, and the inner wall of the femur component is provided with a first coating used for bone ingrowth or bone ingrowth;

the upper end of the tibia component is provided with a tibia inner side position and a tibia outer side position, the lower end of the tibia component is provided with a first connecting column, and the outer wall of the lower end of the tibia component is provided with a second coating used for bone ingrowth or bone ingrowth;

the cushion block component is positioned between the femoral component and the tibial component and is provided with an inner cushion block and an outer cushion block, the inner cushion block is fixedly arranged at the inner side position of the tibia, and the outer cushion block is movably arranged at the outer side position of the tibia;

the patella component is located in front of the femoral component and is provided with a second connecting column, and the inner wall of the patella component is provided with a third coating used for bone ingrowth or bone ingrowth.

2. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 1, wherein: the femur component is also provided with a positioning column, and the positioning column is arranged on the inner wall of the medial condyle and/or the lateral condyle.

3. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 2, wherein: the axial direction of the positioning column is inclined upwards or downwards at an acute angle relative to the axial direction of the intercondylar fixing block.

4. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the intercondylar fixing block is a non-smooth surface.

5. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 1, wherein: the first connecting column is of a cone-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.

6. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the tibia component is also provided with a rib plate, and the rib plate is located on the outer wall of the first connecting column.

7. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of first spliced pole is provided with first recess, first recess spiral is around locating the outer wall of first spliced pole.

8. The knee joint prosthesis structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the lower end of the tibia component is further provided with a third connecting column, and the third connecting column is located on the side of the first connecting column.

9. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 8, wherein: the number of the third connecting columns is two, and the two third connecting columns are respectively positioned on two sides of the first connecting column.

10. The knee joint prosthesis structure of claim 8, wherein: and a third groove is formed in the outer wall of the third connecting column and is a transverse groove.