Adobe brick wall body and heat preservation roof connected with wall body
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of building roof and wall connection parts, relates to application of a novel adobe brick material to practical engineering, and particularly relates to a green energy-saving design roof and wall of a rural cold area self-building house.
Background
In traditional Chinese construction, building engineering is often referred to as "civil engineering", and it can be seen that "soil" is the important building material in traditional construction. The construction form using raw soil as a structural material is widely distributed in China, at present, raw soil technology is used in the construction of traditional villages in China, particularly in northern villages with abundant raw soil resources, raw soil is still a main building material in partial areas, but the traditional raw soil material is usually raw soil obtained from local materials or natural stabilizers such as plant straws and the like are added, and the stress capacity of the raw soil material is often insufficient. How to modify the raw soil material, increase the bearing capacity of the raw soil material and apply the raw soil material as a green building material for heat preservation and energy conservation to practical engineering becomes a hot problem.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to design a roof and a wall, and a novel raw soil brick material is applied to actual engineering so as to replace a building structure made of a traditional raw soil material.
Technical scheme
A brick wall and a heat preservation roof connected with the wall comprise a roof at the top end of the wall, wherein the wall is a double-layer hollow heat preservation wall and comprises a structural inner wall, a heat preservation layer, an air space and an outer facing brick outer wall from inside to outside;
the structure inner wall is connected with from bottom to top: the concrete ring beam is arranged on the inner wall of the raw brick;
the heat preservation has connected gradually from inside to outside: the insulation board comprises a cement mortar leveling layer, an insulation board bonding layer, an EPS polystyrene foam board, anti-cracking mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth and anti-cracking mortar;
the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is fixed on the heat-insulating EPS polystyrene foam board through a plastic expansion anchor bolt.
The outer wall of the heat-insulating layer of the wall body is also provided with flexible waterproof putty;
the roof comprises a triangular wood roof truss and a roof layer from inside to outside, and a eave sealing plate on the outer surface of the eave;
the triangular wood roof truss comprises a frame structure and a heat insulation layer arranged on the surface of the frame structure;
the eave department of structure interior wall and triangle wood roof truss is equipped with the heat preservation that links up, makes the weak position of junction heat preservation of structure interior wall and triangle wood roof truss can obtain covering, makes whole heat preservation effect better.
The frame structure includes: the top beam plate arranged above the concrete ring beam is connected with the first pull rod through a galvanized steel connecting piece, and the horizontal rafter is connected with the oblique rafter through a second pull rod;
the top beam plate is connected with the concrete ring beam through a bolt, so that the triangular wood roof truss is connected to the inner wall of the structure.
The roof layer is connected with the following components in sequence from inside to outside: the waterproof material comprises a roof board, a cement mortar leveling layer, two layers of cold primer oil, two layers of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled materials, an EPS polystyrene foam board, a cement mortar leveling layer and asphalt tiles 1;
wherein the double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material is double-layer waterproof;
a plurality of roof panels are spliced on the same plane, and every two roof panels are connected through at least two H clips.
The double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof roll of the roof layer is upwards tilted at the eave to form a flashing structure and extends to the top of the eave board.
A dripping flange is arranged between a cement mortar leveling layer of the roof layer and the asphalt shingle, and the asphalt shingle protrudes outwards by more than 20mm and is matched with the dripping flange for drainage.
The asphalt shingle is fixed on the roof panel through the asphalt shingle nail, and the roof panel is fixed on the triangular wood roof truss through the common round steel nail.
The outer wall of the raw soil brick with the outer decorative surface is connected with an EPS polystyrene foam board and an inner wall of the raw soil brick through a galvanized expansion bolt and a stainless steel anchoring board, and the stainless steel anchoring board is in a hook shape; the outer facing raw soil brick outer wall is fixed on the structure inner wall through stainless steel transverse ribs between brick layers, vertically arranged stainless steel longitudinal ribs and a stainless steel supporting piece.
The external facing raw soil brick external wall is built by a plurality of adobe bricks and vertical bars by brick building blocks according to a staggered joint building mode, and vertical joint ventilation openings are reserved between adobe bricks on the same layer at the lower part of the wall.
The thickness of the air interlayer is 90-110 mm.
Advantages and effects
The roof layer adopts a reverse paving method, namely the waterproof part is arranged below the heat preservation part, the heat preservation part is arranged above the waterproof part, and the heat preservation part can play a role of protecting the waterproof part, slow down the aging of the waterproof part and improve the durability of the waterproof part, so that the waterproof layer is protected; and the inverted paving method can also be used to minimize the possibility of internal condensation.
The perps vent can provide ventilation for the air space with the purpose of heat preservation; the outer facing raw soil brick outer wall and the raw soil brick inner wall are integrated into a whole by interweaving and inserting the transverse and longitudinal ribs, so that the outer facing raw soil brick outer wall is not easy to decompose and break, the stainless steel longitudinal ribs are arranged on the outer sides of the stainless steel transverse ribs, and the stainless steel longitudinal ribs are connected with the raw soil brick inner wall through the hooked stainless steel anchoring plates and the galvanized expansion bolts, so that the purpose of fixing the whole outer facing raw soil brick outer wall is achieved; according to the method, the construction procedures can be reduced, the engineering cost is saved, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an external elevation of a double-layer hollow thermal insulation wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the double-layered hollow thermal insulation wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the asphalt shingles and the nail laying method of each layer according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the H-clip of the present invention.
1. Asphalt shingles; 2. leveling layer of cement mortar; 3. EPS polystyrene foam board; 4. double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material; 5. two layers of cold bottom oil; 7. a roof panel; 8. oblique rafters; 9. a raw soil brick inner wall; 11. an insulation board bonding layer; 13. first crack resistant cement; 14. alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; 15. second anti-cracking mucilage; 16. flexible water-resistant putty; 17. an air space layer; 18. an exterior surface is a raw soil brick exterior wall; 19. asphalt tile nails; 20. asphalt tile bonding glue; 21. a drip flange; 22. a capping plate; 23. galvanizing expanding bolts; 24. a stainless steel anchor plate; 25. stainless steel longitudinal bars; 26. stainless steel transverse bars; 27. h, a clamp; 28. a galvanized steel connector; 29. a roof rail panel; 30. a bolt; 31. a concrete ring beam; 32. a perps vent; 33. the vertical bars are bricked; 34. a first pull rod; 35. a horizontal rafter; 36. a second pull rod.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
examples
A brick wall and a heat preservation roof connected with the wall comprise a roof at the top end of the wall, wherein the wall is a double-layer hollow heat preservation wall and comprises a structural inner wall, a heat preservation layer, an air interlayer 17 and an outer facing brick outer wall 18 from inside to outside;
the structure inner wall is connected with from bottom to top: a raw brick inner wall 9 and a concrete ring beam 31;
the heat preservation has connected gradually from inside to outside: the insulation board comprises a cement mortar leveling layer 2, an insulation board bonding layer 11, an EPS polystyrene foam board 3, anti-cracking mortar 13, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 14 and anti-cracking mortar 15;
the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 14 is fixed on the heat-insulating EPS polystyrene foam board 3 through a plastic expansion anchor bolt.
The outer wall of the heat-insulating layer of the wall body is also provided with flexible waterproof putty 16;
the roof comprises a triangular wood roof truss and a roof layer from inside to outside, and a eave sealing plate 22 on the outer surface of the eave;
the triangular wood roof truss comprises a frame structure and a heat insulation layer arranged on the surface of the frame structure;
the eave department of structure interior wall and triangle wood roof truss is equipped with the heat preservation that links up, makes the weak position of junction heat preservation of structure interior wall and triangle wood roof truss can obtain covering, makes whole heat preservation effect better.
The frame structure includes: the top beam plate 29 arranged above the concrete ring beam 31 is connected with the first pull rod 34 through a galvanized steel connecting piece 28, and the horizontal rafter 35 is connected with the inclined rafter 8 through a second pull rod 36;
the top beam plate 29 is connected to the concrete collar beam 31 by bolts 30 so that the delta-wooden roof truss is attached to the structural interior wall.
The roof layer is connected with the following components in sequence from inside to outside: the waterproof floor comprises a roof board 7, a cement mortar leveling layer 2, two layers of cold bottom oil 5, a double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4, an EPS polystyrene foam board 3, a cement mortar leveling layer 2 and an asphalt tile 1;
wherein the double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4 is double-layer waterproof;
a plurality of roof panels 7 are spliced on the same plane, and every two roof panels 7 are connected through at least two H-shaped clamps 27.
The double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4 of the roof layer upwards tilts at the eave to form a flashing structure and extends to the top of the eave board.
A water dripping flange is arranged between the cement mortar leveling layer 2 of the roof layer and the asphalt tile 1, and the asphalt tile 1 protrudes outwards by more than 20mm and is matched with the water dripping flange for drainage.
The asphalt shingle is fixed on the roof board 7 through an asphalt tile nail 19, and the roof board 7 is fixed on the triangular wooden roof truss through a common round steel nail.
The exterior facing raw soil brick exterior wall 18 is connected with the EPS polystyrene foam board 3 and the raw soil brick interior wall 9 through a galvanized expansion bolt 23 and a stainless steel anchoring plate 24, and the stainless steel anchoring plate 24 is in a hook shape; the exterior facing raw soil brick exterior wall 18 is fixed on the structure interior wall through stainless steel transverse ribs 26 between brick layers, vertically arranged stainless steel longitudinal ribs 25 and stainless steel supporting pieces.
The exterior facing raw soil brick exterior wall 18 is constructed by a plurality of adobe bricks and vertical bars by brick building blocks 33 according to a staggered joint building mode, and vertical joint ventilation openings 32 are reserved among adobe bricks on the same layer at the lower part of the wall.
The thickness of the air layer 17 is 90-110 mm.
The implementation process is as follows:
the inner wall of the structure is constructed firstly during construction, the one-in-one-T type, the multi-in-one-T type, the one-in-one-T type or the three-in-one type can be adopted during construction, and the concrete ring beam 31 is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the structure to enhance the integrity of the structure. The top beam plate 29 is fixed on the concrete ring beam 31 by utilizing the bolt 30 for anchoring, and the inclined rafters 8 and the first pull rod 34 are fixed on the top beam plate 29 through the galvanized steel connecting piece 28 to form the triangular wood roof truss.
The triangular wood roof truss is arranged on the outer side of the structural inner wall, a horizontal rafter 35 is additionally arranged at the end of the oblique rafter 8, and the oblique rafter 8 and the horizontal rafter 35 are fixed by a galvanized steel connecting piece 28, so that the triangular wood roof truss and the outer wall surface of the structural inner wall form a coherent whole body, and a roof layer is convenient to fix; then, the horizontal rafters 35 and the oblique rafters 8 are connected and fixed again through the second pull rods 36, so that the structure is more stable; on the three external contact surface of upside, eave department and downside of triangle wood roof truss, all lay one deck roofing layer, fix with ordinary round steel nail, at the outer wall of structure inner wall to the eave department of triangle wood roof truss, coherent lays the heat preservation.
In order to keep the wall more warm, an air interlayer 17 is arranged; leveling the eaves and the bottom surfaces of the inner walls and the triangular wood roof truss by cement and mortar according to a ratio of 1:3, arranging a heat-insulating plate adhesive layer 11 on the eaves and the bottom surfaces, and paving an EPS polystyrene foam plate 3, wherein the outer surface of the EPS polystyrene foam plate 3 sequentially comprises anti-crack mortar 13, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 14, anti-crack mortar 15 and flexible water-resistant putty 16 from inside to outside; the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 14 is used for supporting the heat-insulating layer and is fixed on the heat-insulating layer by using a plastic expansion anchor bolt; the heat-insulating layer at the sealing eave of the triangular wood roof truss is obliquely cut according to the angle of the roof layer on the upper side of the triangular wood roof truss so as to facilitate the arrangement of the heat-insulating layer of the roof; the eave plate 22 is arranged outside the heat-insulating layer at the eave of the triangular wood roof truss and is higher than the lower end of the oblique tangent plane of the heat-insulating layer by more than 130 mm.
The exterior wall 18 of the exterior facing raw soil brick of the wall body is built by the specification of the raw soil brick of 400 x 180 x 100, the building mode of the raw soil brick is that the face of 400 x 180 faces outwards, staggered joint building is carried out, a vertical joint ventilation opening 32 is left between the same layer of raw soil bricks at the lower part, the stainless steel longitudinal rib 25 and the stainless steel transverse rib 26 are inserted in the vertical joint ventilation opening, the galvanized expansion bolt 23 and the stainless steel anchoring plate 24 are used for pulling and connecting the stainless steel longitudinal rib 25 and the stainless steel transverse rib 26 with the structure interior wall, and therefore the exterior facing raw soil brick exterior wall 18 is fixed. The distance between the external facing raw soil brick outer wall 18 and the heat preservation layer is 90-110mm to form an air flowing interlayer, and the top end of the air flowing interlayer is directly connected to the heat preservation layer flexible waterproof putty 16 on the lower side of the roof truss.
The waterproof structure comprises an roofing layer, wherein cement and mortar are used for leveling on a plane formed by the roofing layer and a heat-insulating layer in a ratio of 1:3, cement mortar is smeared at a joint of a sealing edge and the heat-insulating layer into an arc-shaped or 45-degree inclined plane to prevent a waterproof layer from being broken in subsequent construction, two layers of cold primer oil 5 are brushed on the upper side and the inner side of the sealing edge and the cement mortar leveling layer 2, then a double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4 is paved on the outer layer of cold primer oil 5, and the part above the sealing edge needs to retreat from a sealing edge plate 22; placing the EPS polystyrene foam board 3 in a concave space formed by the double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4, wherein the upper side of the EPS polystyrene foam board is flush with the waterproof coiled material; leveling the surface formed by the EPS polystyrene foam plate 3 and the double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4 by using cement and mortar in a ratio of 1:3, wrapping the end head at the outer side of the double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4, and leveling the mortar to protect the double-layer SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material 4 and provide a surface layer for fixing the asphalt tile 1; arranging a dripping flange at the outermost end of the cement mortar leveling layer 2 and exceeding the cement mortar leveling layer 2 by at least 20 mm; paving an asphalt tile adhesive 20 with the width of 275mm at the lowest end of a plane formed by the cement mortar leveling layer 2 and the dripping flange for fixing the first layer of asphalt tiles; the decorative slit of the first layer of asphalt tile is upwards arranged, the lower end of the decorative slit protrudes out of the dripping flange by at least 20mm to be matched with the dripping flange for drainage, the decorative slit of the second layer of asphalt tile is downwards aligned with the lower end of the first layer of asphalt tile and is fixed by the asphalt tile nail 19, the decorative slit of the third layer of asphalt tile is staggered with the second layer of asphalt tile and covers the previous asphalt tile nail and is fixed by the asphalt tile nail 19, and the process is repeated for laying each layer of asphalt tile 1 of the roof.