CN215346905U - Automatic peeling and coring processing production line for soft-shell cored fruits - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of peeling and denucleating processing production of soft-shell cored fruits and discloses an automatic peeling and denucleating processing production line of soft-shell cored fruits. The production line comprises four parts, namely a chain transmission part, a feeding and discharging part, a processing part and a control part. The production line is designed from the practical situation, the pose adjusting mechanism is designed before the denucleation step, and meanwhile, the protection device and the cleaning device are designed for the pose adjusting mechanism by a simple and feasible method. Meanwhile, the peeling step is distributed, and the denucleation knife is added in the denucleation step, so that the feasibility is ensured, and the stability and the efficiency are also ensured. The utility model adopts an integration idea to integrate multiple steps into the same driving device, synchronously finishes multiple processing links, and has the advantages of high efficiency, strong stability, no need of manual intervention in the whole process of operation and convenient feeding. The cost is greatly reduced compared with the existing manual production.

Description

Automatic peeling and coring processing production line for soft-shell cored fruits

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of peeling and denucleating processing production of soft-shell cored fruits, in particular to an automatic peeling and denucleating processing production line of soft-shell cored fruits.

Background

Longan, litchi and other soft-shelled nucleated fruits are produced in southern China and southeast Asia, and are not easy to store in a fresh state, so that a part of soft-shelled nucleated fruits are sold by the dried fruits. The preparation of dried fruits requires the kernel removal and the peel removal of fresh fruits. Aiming at the denucleation operation, at present, mature automatic equipment is used for denucleating, but the processing equipment can achieve a better denucleation effect only under the condition that the fruit base meets a certain pose requirement. Therefore, the posture adjustment before the coring operation becomes a considerable problem. At present, in a dried fruit production factory, a manual adjustment mode is adopted for solving the problem, namely people manually adjust the longan to a proper position through observation, but the mode is high in cost and low in efficiency, the accuracy of manual adjustment is greatly reduced along with factors such as fatigue, and the stability of the manual adjustment cannot meet the increasing production requirement. Meanwhile, a scheme of adjusting the pose of the fruit by adopting visual identification and a stepping motor is also proposed, but the whole mechanism is complex, and the fruit needs to be taken out and conveyed to the next processing mechanism in the process of adjusting the pose to the subsequent procedures. This mode involves more motion, and work efficiency and space utilization are lower, still can not satisfy the production demand. Meanwhile, the pose of the fruit is likely to change in the conveying process, so that the kernel removing accuracy is reduced, and the efficiency is further reduced. In addition, the influence that the produced dust of denucleating itself and piece caused in the in-service use process was hardly considered in current design, and corresponding protection device and cleaning device are not designed to can't guarantee that equipment effectively carries out work for a long time.

Under the condition of carrying out good pose adjustment on soft-shell fruits, the denucleation means is relatively mature at present, and the method mainly adopts the thimble to penetrate into the soft-shell fruits to push out the kernels. However, the design does not consider the internal structure of the fruit, and the core and the outer skin in the soft-shell fruit have a connecting part, and the toughness of the outer skin of the soft-shell fruit is higher. If the ejection force required by forced ejection is large, if the ejector pin is not accurately aligned with the kernel, the position of the kernel is possibly deviated, the kernel cannot be ejected successfully, and the fruit pulp is damaged. Thus, there is room for lifting in this manner.

At present, no mature processing method and processing production line are found for peeling fruits. In the existing peeling method, a blade is proposed to cut the longan skin into two pieces, but the mode needs to add rotation motion to each longan per se, so that the control is difficult, and meanwhile, flexible equipment is required to be additionally arranged for ensuring the success rate due to different sizes of each longan. Therefore, the method is costly, inefficient, and difficult to implement. Another proposed method is to cut down the skin of the longan by rotating the blade. However, since the fruit shape is not regularly round, it is obviously difficult to ensure the integrity of the longan pulp and the integrity of the peel. Therefore, in the actual production process, peeling is mainly completed by hands of workers, but the efficiency of the direct manual operation of the workers is very low besides the sanitary condition is difficult to guarantee, and the mode is increasingly difficult to meet the increasing production requirement in the industry at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic peeling and denucleating processing production line of soft-shell cored fruits, and realizing the automatic peeling and denucleating processing of the soft-shell cored fruits.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides an automatic peeling and denucleating processing production line of soft-shell cored fruits, which comprises the following steps: two driving chain wheels are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the rigid frame type rack respectively, and the two driving chain wheels are synchronously driven by a first motor; the front side and the rear side of the rack are respectively and symmetrically provided with a plurality of driven sprockets, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on each side are respectively connected through a chain, and each chain comprises a horizontal section and an oblique section; the motor is connected with the control box; a travel switch is arranged on the frame and is connected with the control box;

the fruit tray is arranged between the two chains, the two chains are fixedly connected with the two ends of the fruit tray respectively, a plurality of through holes are formed in the fruit tray and are called as supporting ring holes, the diameter of each supporting ring hole can pass through one fruit, the supporting ring is arranged at the lower end of the supporting ring hole, the ring diameter of the supporting ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit and larger than the outer diameter of a fruit core, and the fruit is supported by the supporting ring after entering the supporting ring holes; n long through holes are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the circumference of the supporting ring hole, and each long through hole is communicated with the circumference of the supporting ring hole; n openings are uniformly distributed on the supporting ring, and the openings on the supporting ring correspond to the long through holes in one-to-one correspondence on the vertical plane;

the top plate is arranged above the front surface of the fruit tray, is connected with the first driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the first driving mechanism is connected with the control box;

the clamping jaw plate is positioned above the top plate, the clamping jaw plate is connected with a second driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the second driving mechanism is connected with the control box;

a central disc is fixedly installed below the clamping jaw plate, N pin shafts are uniformly distributed on the central disc along the circumferential direction, and the value of N is a natural number of 3-6; each pin shaft is connected with the upper part of one connecting rod, the lower part of each connecting rod is movably connected with the upper part of one claw arm, the lower part of one claw arm is movably connected with the upper part of one clamping jaw, and the joint of the claw arm and the clamping jaw is connected with the top plate; two ends of a spring leaf which is bent in a free state are respectively fixed on a clamping jaw and a jaw arm, and the bend of the spring leaf is positioned at the movable connection part of the clamping jaw and the jaw arm; the bottom of each clamping jaw is provided with a jaw tooth; the position of each clamping jaw corresponds to the position of an opening on the supporting ring;

a first through hole is formed in the axis of the central disc, a push rod is installed in the first through hole, the upper end of the push rod is arranged above the clamping jaw plate, and the lower end of the push rod extends to the fruit on the supporting ring; the push rod is connected with a third driving mechanism which can move up and down, and the third driving mechanism is connected with the control box.

Furthermore, the automatic peeling and denucleation processing production line for the soft-shell cored fruits further comprises a base plate arranged on the back of the fruit tray, the base plate is connected with a fourth driving mechanism, and the fourth driving mechanism is connected with the control box; the bottom end of the cutter handle is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, a long through groove is formed in the cutter handle body, the cutter rod is bent, the cutter rod is arranged at the upper end in the through groove at the bent position through a pin shaft, and part of the cutter rod is accommodated in the through groove; the upper end of the dermatome spring is connected with the head of the cutter bar, and the lower end of the dermatome spring is connected with the lower end of the cutter handle; the lower end of the cutter bar is connected with a round skin cutting blade through a pin, a round boss is arranged on the side edge of the skin cutting blade, and the diameter of the round boss is smaller than that of the skin cutting blade; the number of the knife handle, the knife bar, the dermatome spring and the dermatome blade is N.

Furthermore, the automatic peeling and denucleating processing production line for soft-shell cored fruits further comprises a top rod sleeve, wherein the top of the top rod sleeve is fixedly connected below the top plate, the upper section of the top rod is sleeved in the top rod sleeve, the lowest end of the top rod is provided with a spring seat, the lower section of the top rod, which is exposed out of the top rod sleeve, is externally sleeved with a top rod spring, the upper end of the top rod spring is propped against the lower bottom surface of the top rod sleeve, and the lower end of the top rod spring is propped against the spring seat;

a second through hole is formed in the ejector rod along the axial direction, and a thimble is installed in the second through hole; the thimble is connected with a fifth driving mechanism which can move up and down, and the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the control box;

the annular blade is fixed on the bottom plate, the knife edge faces upwards, and the diameter of the annular blade is larger than that of the fruit core.

Preferably, the automatic peeling and denucleating processing production line for the soft-shell cored fruits further comprises a flat plate, wherein the flat plate is positioned below the supporting ring and connected with a sixth driving mechanism, and the sixth driving mechanism is connected with the control box; the second motor is arranged on the flat plate and is connected with the control box; the output end of a second motor is connected with a roller, M rollers are uniformly distributed beside the bracket, and the value of M is a natural number of 3-6;

a third through hole is formed in the flat plate; the upper end of the bracket is fixedly connected to the flat plate, the camera is installed at the lower end of the bracket, the direction of the camera faces to the upward third through hole, and the protective glass is installed on the bracket at the upper end of the camera;

the lower end of the air pipe connecting piece is connected with the air guide pipe, and the upper end of the air pipe connecting piece is connected with an air source for air supply; the front end of the air duct is connected with an air nozzle, and the air nozzle is aligned to the protective glass from the side direction.

Preferably, the value of N, M is 3.

The automatic peeling and coring processing production line of soft shell core fruits further comprises a feeding disc which is arranged at the left side, the right side, the lower side and the lower side of the feeding disc, wherein the feeding disc is connected with the fruit tray which is arranged at the left side of the rack and is upwards inclined.

Preferably, the feeding tray is provided with a series of sawtooth grooves which correspond to the ring supporting holes on the fruit tray.

The right side of the chain is provided with a rightward and downward inclined section with the front surface of the fruit tray facing upwards, and a shell discharging tray inclined downwards is arranged near the inclined section.

The right side of the chain is provided with a left downward inclined section with the front surface of the fruit tray facing downwards, and a pulp discharging tray which inclines downwards is arranged near the inclined section.

And a pit discharging groove which inclines downwards is arranged below the bottom plate and corresponds to the position of the annular blade on the bottom plate.

The utility model has the following advantages:

the utility model provides a longan peeling and pitting processing production line, aiming at the current situations of high labor cost, low efficiency, poor stability and the like of the existing longan-like fruit production line. The production line is designed from the practical situation, the pose adjusting mechanism is designed before the denucleation step, and meanwhile, the protection device and the cleaning device are designed for the pose adjusting mechanism by a simple and feasible method. Meanwhile, the peeling step is distributed, and the denucleation knife is added in the denucleation step, so that the feasibility is ensured, and the stability and the efficiency are also ensured. Meanwhile, a plurality of similar processes are integrated on the same driving device, a plurality of processing links can be completed by only one action, the production efficiency can be greatly improved, and in addition, the designed parts have extremely good interchangeability and the equipment cost can be greatly reduced. The method is also suitable for longan, and can be used for various fruits with similar structure and requirement, such as fructus litchi, by adjusting size and vision control.

The automatic feeding device is high in efficiency and stability, manual intervention is not needed in the whole process of the operation process, and meanwhile feeding is convenient. This longan is peeld and is denucleated processing production line's structure itself is simple relatively, adopts the thought of integrating will multiplex step integration to same drive device, makes a plurality of work steps accomplish in a motion, and the cost can reduce by a wide margin than current artificial production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole processing line for peeling and denucleating longan.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding part of the longan peeling and pitting processing production line.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharging part of the longan peeling and pitting processing production line.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the pose adjusting device of the longan peeling and pitting processing production line.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a longan tray filled with longans.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the ring.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the posture adjustment mechanism with repetitive parts removed.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the cleaning section.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a vision portion.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the peeling and pitting equipment of the longan peeling and pitting processing production line.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a skin cutting mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a partial schematic view of a dermatome.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a dermatome.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a coring mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the coring mechanism.

Figure 16 is a schematic view of a jaw mechanism.

Fig. 17 is a backplane integration schematic.

Figure 18 is a jaw plate integration schematic.

Figure 19 is a schematic view of the integration of the jaw mechanism with the top plate.

FIG. 20 is a set screw installation schematic

In the figure: 1. longan, 2, a supporting ring component, 3, a fruit tray, 4, a stepping motor, 5, a motor base, 6, a roller, 7, an air pipe connector, 8, a snap spring, 9, an air guide pipe, 10, an air nozzle, 11, protective glass, 12, a bracket, 13, a camera, 14, a flat plate, 15, a knife handle, 16, a knife handle screw, 17, a peeling knife, 18, a peeling knife spring, 19, a knife rod, 20, a top rod sleeve, 21, a top rod sleeve snap spring, 22, a top rod spring, 23, a top rod, 24, a peeling knife, 25, a peeling knife snap spring, 26, a top rod, 27, a top rod snap spring, 28, a clamping jaw, 29, a spring leaf, 30, a clamping jaw screw, 31, a clamping jaw arm, 32, 33, a central disc, 34, a push rod, 35, a push rod snap spring, 36, a bottom plate, 37, a clamping jaw plate, 38, a top plate, 39, a longan skin discharging disc, 40, 41, a longan pulp discharging disc, 42, and kernel discharging disc, 43. The automatic feeding device comprises a control box, 44 driven sprockets, 45 bent plate chains, 46 feeding trays, 47 positioning pins and 48 positioning screws.

Detailed Description

The utility model further discloses an automatic peeling and denucleation processing production line of soft-shelled fruit longan.

The whole automatic peeling and coring processing production line is supported by a frame type rack made of aluminum profiles, as shown in figure 1. The automatic longan peeling and pitting production line is divided according to functions and comprises a chain transmission part, a feeding and discharging part, a processing part and a control part.

The chain transmission part mainly comprises a driving chain wheel 40, a driven chain wheel 44, a bent plate chain 45, a motor and a matched connecting part. The both sides on the production line correspond the position and are equipped with a drive sprocket 40 respectively, are driven by same motor, and five driven sprocket 44 are all installed to every side symmetry simultaneously, and the drive sprocket of every side, driven sprocket are connected through a chain respectively, and the leading action of a plurality of sprockets makes every chain contain horizontal segment, oblique line section, and all can simplify greatly because chain angle oblique line section in the pan feeding ejection of compact process afterwards. The control part comprises a control box 43 and a travel switch, and when the travel switch detects that the chain runs to a certain set state, a detection signal is sent to the control box 43. All control commands are sent from the control box 43 to control the chain drive motor and the drive mechanism of the machining part, so that all parts operate coordinately according to a control sequence.

As shown in fig. 2, the feeding and discharging part mainly comprises a feeding tray 46 and three discharging trays, wherein the three discharging trays are respectively: a longan skin discharging disc 39, a longan pulp discharging disc 41 and a longan seed discharging disc 42. The tray 46 has a series of serrated grooves which correspond to the holes of the ring of the longan tray. The feeding plate is arranged on the left side of the rack in a manner of being high at the left and low at the right and inclined downwards and is connected with the fruit tray which is inclined upwards and has an upward front surface. In the actual operation process, workers only need to pour a certain amount of longan 1 along the feeding disc 46, because the angle between the feeding disc 46 and the bending plate chain 45 can concentrate the longan 1 between the feeding disc 46 and the longan trays, and when an empty longan tray passes through, the longan 1 can roll into the corresponding longan tray, and then enters the next processing part along with the longan tray. After the pitting step, the longan seeds and the connected longan skin fall into the longan seed discharging tray 42 and slide out along the slide way of the discharging tray. The right side of the chain is provided with a left downward inclined section with the front surface of the fruit tray facing downwards, a downward inclined longan pulp discharging tray 41 and a right downward inclined section with the front surface of the fruit tray facing upwards are arranged near the inclined section, and a downward inclined longan shell discharging tray 42 is arranged near the inclined section. After the processing part finishes processing, the longan skin is left between the two longan trays, the longan pulp is left in the supporting rings, the bending plate chain 45 is firstly inclined by a small angle, so that the longan skin firstly slides out along the longan skin discharging disc 39, and the longan pulp cannot be poured out because of being in the supporting rings. Thereafter, the longan trays undergo a large angular change while passing through the driving sprocket 40, so that the longan pulp in the inner tray ring is poured into the longan pulp discharge tray 41, and the longan pulp slides out along the longan pulp discharge tray 41, as shown in fig. 3. At the outlet of each discharge tray there is a collection container for collection.

The fruit tray is installed between two chains, and both ends are two fixed connection chains respectively, and it has a plurality of through-hole to open on the fruit tray, and this through-hole is called the support ring hole, and the aperture in every support ring hole can pass through a fruit, and the support ring is established at support ring hole lower extreme, and the ring diameter of support ring is less than the fruit external diameter and is greater than the external diameter of kernel, and the fruit is held by the support ring after entering support ring hole. As shown in fig. 5. In this embodiment, the longan tray is composed of a fruit tray 3 and a ring. One fruit tray 3 is provided with 6 supporting ring holes, the aperture of each supporting ring hole is larger than that of each longan 1, and the longan 1 can pass through without obstacles. The fruit plate 3 is provided with 6 supporting ring holes, which means that 6 longans can be processed at one time. Of course, more ring holes can be arranged as long as the length of the fruit tray allows. N long through holes are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the circumference of the supporting ring hole, and each long through hole is communicated with the circumference of the supporting ring hole; n openings are uniformly distributed on the supporting ring, and the openings on the supporting ring correspond to the long through holes in the vertical plane one by one. In this embodiment, the value of N is 3. Three long through holes are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the large round hole, the included angle of every two long through holes along the radial central line of the round hole is 120 degrees, and the long through holes are communicated with the round hole. The transition part in the long through hole is provided with a round angle for the safety, the aesthetic property and the like.

As shown in figure 6, a supporting ring is composed of three identical supporting ring parts 2, the supporting ring parts 2 are installed below the fruit tray and fixedly connected through screws, a flange is designed on the supporting ring parts 2, two threaded holes are formed in the flange and respectively correspond to two through holes, located between the square grooves, in the fruit tray 3, and the supporting ring parts are fixedly connected through screws. The lower part of the supporting ring component 2 is provided with a supporting claw, the part of the supporting claw, which is contacted with the longan 1, is in the shape of an arc, and the diameter of the arc is smaller than that of the longan 1 and larger than that of the longan seed. Three supporting ring parts 2 are uniformly distributed along the circumference, corresponding surfaces are kept parallel to form a supporting ring, and a certain distance is reserved between every two corresponding parallel surfaces of the supporting ring parts 2, so that the rollers 6 can conveniently enter in the pose adjustment process. The supporting ring is fixedly connected with the fruit tray 3 through a screw to form the longan tray. In the using process, the longan 1 enters the supporting ring through the big round hole on the fruit tray 3 and is supported by the supporting claws on the supporting ring part 2.

The processing part comprises four procedures of position posture adjustment, skin cutting, kernel removal and skin removal according to an optimal operation sequence, wherein each procedure is realized by respectively arranging a corresponding pose adjusting mechanism, a corresponding skin cutting mechanism, a corresponding kernel removal mechanism and a corresponding skin removal mechanism; of course, the four operation sequences are not absolute, and there is a scope for adjusting the sequence.

The posture adjustment mechanism includes a movement portion, a cleaning portion, and a vision portion, as shown in fig. 4 and 7. The three parts are integrated on the same flat plate 14, the flat plate 14 is positioned below the supporting ring and is connected with a sixth driving mechanism, and the sixth driving mechanism is connected with the control box 43. In operation, the sixth drive mechanism, under the control of the control box 43, drives the platen up and down to the appropriate station. The plate 14 is provided with a series of through holes, the three parts can be integrated through screws, and the plate 14 and the integrated three parts can be connected with a driving mechanism through screws. The moving part comprises a motor 4, a motor base 5 and a roller 6. The motor base 5 is fixedly connected with the flat plate 14 through screws, and the motor 4 is fixedly connected with the motor base 5 through screws. The front end of the motor rotor is in a regular hexagon column shape, the shape of the front end of the motor rotor is the same as that of the inner hole of the roller 6, the front end of the motor rotor is matched with the inner hole of the roller 6, the front end of the motor rotor and the inner hole of the roller 6 are fixedly connected in the axial direction through friction force, and the front end of the motor rotor and the inner hole of the roller are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction through shape limitation. A series of large round holes are correspondingly formed in the flat plate 14 like the fruit tray 3, the fruit tray 3 is concentrically matched with the corresponding round holes in the flat plate 14, moving parts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the large round holes in the flat plate 14, and meanwhile, two end faces of the roller 6 are ensured to be parallel to two end faces in the width direction of the square groove of the fruit tray 3. In practice, the driving mechanism pushes the plate 14 upwards to a given position where the lower rollers 6 are tangent to the outer skin of the longans 1 and lift the longans 1 slightly. The motor 4 drives the roller 6 to rotate, and then drives the longan 1 to rotate through friction force, so that the longan 1 is adjusted to a proper pose. Then the driving mechanism moves the flat plate 14 downwards again, and the longan tray with the longans 1 moves to the next station through the conveying mechanism for processing. The cleaning part comprises a trachea connecting piece 7, a clamp spring 8, an air duct 9 and a nozzle 10, as shown in figure 8. The air pipe connecting piece 7 is matched with a corresponding through hole on the flat plate 14, radial fixing connection is realized through the clamp spring 8, and circumferential fixing connection is realized through friction force. The lower end of the trachea connecting piece 7 is connected with the airway tube 9, which can ensure the air tightness, and the upper end of the trachea connecting piece 7 is connected with the air source of air supply. The gas-guide tube 9 is made of rigid material and can lead out gas along a fixed direction. The front end of the air duct 9 is connected with an air nozzle 10, and the air nozzle 10 is made of plastic materials, so that the functions of flow guiding, noise reduction and the like can be realized. The cleaning part is mainly used for cleaning the visual part, when the position and posture of the longan 1 are adjusted, chippings and dust on the surface of the longan 1 can continuously fall off, and finally the lens of the visual part is covered, so that the equipment cannot continuously finish the work. As the chippings and dust generated in the in-place posture adjustment process of the longan 1 are fine and dry, the cleaning can be realized by blowing through the nozzle 10. The air pressure in the air blowing process does not need to be too large, the influence range of blown dust is small, and in addition, protective layers are additionally arranged on other mechanisms, so that the operation of other mechanisms cannot be influenced in the cleaning process. The vision part is composed of three parts, namely a protective glass 11, a bracket 12 and a camera 13, as shown in fig. 9. Wherein the upper end and the lower end of the bracket 12 are respectively provided with a series of through holes, the through holes at the upper end are matched with the corresponding through holes on the flat plate 14, and the visual part is fixedly connected on the flat plate 14 through screws. The lower end of the support 12 is provided with four small holes and a large circular through hole, the four small holes correspond to the four small holes on the integrated circuit board carried by the camera 13, the large circular hole corresponds to the camera 13, and the camera 13 is fixedly connected with the support 12 through a screw from the corresponding small hole. The protective glass 11 is also provided with four corresponding small holes for being fixedly connected with the bracket 12. The cover glass 11 is mounted on an upper end of the camera 13 for protecting the camera 13. In the actual process, the vision part calls a corresponding algorithm to calculate the movement required by the pose adjustment by identifying the position of the longan pedicle, transmits an instruction to the motor 4, converts the instruction into the actual movement by the motor 4 and outputs the actual movement to drive the longan 1 to rotate. The process continues until the longan 1 is adjusted to the designated pose. The designated pose is the pose required by the next process, the next process is generally a denucleation step, and the longan 1 is required to be kept under the pose with the longan base facing downwards in the denucleation step, so that the kernels can be taken out conveniently and smoothly.

The skin cutting mechanism comprises a skin cutting knife part and a mandril part, as shown in figures 10 and 11. Wherein the dermatome part includes: the knife handle 15, the knife handle screw 16, the dermatome 17, the dermatome spring 18 and the knife bar 19 are shown in detail in fig. 12. The shape of the tool shank 15 is a regular quadrangular prism, and a long through groove is formed in the tool shank for mounting the tool bar 19. The handle 15 is also provided with two threaded holes, wherein the threaded hole positioned right below is used for connecting with the bottom plate 36, the other threaded hole is provided with a longer handle screw 16, and the handle screw 16 is also provided with a section exposed outside for connecting with the dermatome spring 18 after being tightened. The bottom plate 36 is mounted on the back of the fruit tray, and is connected to a fourth driving mechanism, which is connected to the control box 43. The cutter bar 19 is zigzag, and as shown in fig. 13, three through holes and a square groove are formed on the cutter bar 19. Wherein the through-hole of longer one end is used for being connected with dermatotome spring 18, and rest two through-holes all connect cutter arbor 19 and handle of a knife 15 respectively with the pin, connect cutter arbor 19 and dermatotome 17. The friction force of the adopted pin is very small, so the cutter bar 19 can rotate around the axis of the pin, the dermatome 17 can also rotate around the axis of the corresponding pin, the two ends of the dermatome 17 except the cutting edge are respectively provided with a boss, the diameter of the boss is smaller than that of the dermatome, and the cutting edge cannot go deep excessively after the dermatome 17 cuts the longan skin. The roof portion includes: ejector rod sleeve 20, ejector rod sleeve clamp spring 21, ejector rod spring 22, ejector rod 23 and ejector rod clamp spring 27. The ejector rod sleeve 20 can be divided into two sections according to the diameter, and the section with the larger diameter is provided with two clamp spring grooves for mounting the ejector rod sleeve clamp springs 21, so that the ejector rod part is fixed on the top plate 38. The middle of the whole ejector rod sleeve 20 is provided with a through hole for installing an ejector rod 23. The smaller diameter section of the ejector sleeve 20 is internally provided with a countersunk groove which is mainly used for installing the ejector spring 22. The ejector rod 23 is installed in a through hole of the ejector rod sleeve 20, and the ejector rod 23 is also provided with a through hole along the axial direction, and the through hole is used for installing an ejector pin 26 for removing the core. The lower end of the post rod 23 is also provided with a hemispherical cover, which is mainly used for uniformly dispersing the force while compacting the longan 1, so that the longan 1 can be compacted without crushing the longan 1. The upper end of the ejector rod 23 is provided with a clamp spring groove for installing an ejector rod clamp spring 27. A ram spring 22 is mounted on the ram. In the actual operation process, the longan 1 is positioned on the supporting ring, and the longan base is ensured to face downwards. Firstly, the top disc 27 drives the top rod sleeve 20 to drive the top rod part to move downwards, the lower end of the top rod 23 is contacted with the longan 1, then the top rod sleeve 20 can continuously move downwards until the top rod spring 22 is contacted with the lower end of the top rod 23, the pressure is gradually increased, the applied pressure range can tightly press the longan 1 on the supporting ring, and the longan 1 is ensured not to be damaged while the pose change is not generated in the peeling process. Then the bottom plate 36 drives the peeling knife to move upwards, the cutting edge of the peeling knife 17 firstly contacts the longan 1 and cuts the longan skin, and then the lug boss on the peeling knife 17 contacts the longan skin and prevents the peeling knife 17 from further penetrating. In the process that the peeling part gradually moves upwards, the peeling knife can not go deep into the longan 1, so the knife bar 19 can rotate to stretch the peeling knife spring 18, and the stretching process has two main functions: 1. Increasing the force ensures successful cutting into the longan skin, and if the dermatome 17 does not cut, the stretching will be more pronounced and the force on the dermatome 17 will increase and will successfully cut the longan skin. 2. The stored energy can be automatically recovered after the action is finished. When no longan 1 is cut, the cutter bar 19 can automatically return to the original position under the spring force of the bark cutter spring 11. After the skin cutting process is finished, three knife edges are left on the longan skin to facilitate later-stage skin removing treatment. Meanwhile, the process needs to be carried out before the longan 1 is denucleated, because the longan 1 is plumper before denucleation, and the longan skin is easily cut by the peeling knife 17.

The coring mechanism also consists of two parts, a thimble portion and a coring blade portion, as shown in FIG. 14. The thimble part is basically the same as the ejector rod part of the peeling mechanism, but the difference is that an ejector pin 26 is arranged in the ejector rod 23, the ejector pin 26 is connected with a fifth driving mechanism which can move up and down, and the fifth driving mechanism is connected with a control box 43. After the longan 1 is pressed and fixed, the thimble 26 can pierce the longan 1 to push out the longan core. The coring knife part comprises a coring knife 24 and a coring knife clamp spring 25. The lower part of the coring knife 24 is provided with two clamp spring grooves for installing a coring knife clamp spring 25, and the coring knife clamp spring 25 can fix the coring knife 24 on the bottom plate 36 and is driven by the bottom plate 36. The upper end of the coring knife 24 is provided with a circle of sharp annular blade. The knife edge of the annular blade faces upwards. The bottom of the denucleation knife 24 is hollow, and the diameter of the denucleation knife is larger than that of the longan seeds, so that the longan seeds and part of longan skin can fall conveniently. In the actual operation, as shown in fig. 15, the top plate 38 is first moved down to drive the top rod 23 of the thimble portion to press and fix the longan 1 on the supporting ring. Then the bottom plate 36 moves upwards, the ejector pin 26 in the ejector rod 23 moves downwards to penetrate into the longan 1 and into the longan core, the longan skin around the longan core can be cut off in the process that the pitting knife 24 moves upwards to form an annular notch, and after the ejector pin 26 penetrates into the longan core, the longan core and a part of longan skin connected with the longan core can be ejected together when moving downwards continuously, and the longan core and the part of longan skin are discharged downwards along the pitting knife 24.

The peeling mechanism comprises a clamping jaw part and a push rod 34, the clamping jaw part comprises a clamping jaw 28, a spring piece 29, a clamping jaw screw 30, a clamping jaw arm 31, a connecting rod 32, a central disc 33 and a positioning pin 47, and as shown in combined figures 16, 18, 19 and 20, a clamping jaw plate 37 is positioned above a top plate 38, the clamping jaw plate 37 is connected with a second driving mechanism which can move up and down, and the second driving mechanism is connected with a control box; in order to more obviously express the notch cut by the bark cutter 17 on the longan 1, the longan 1 is rotated to enable the notch to be positioned at the center of the visual field and not blocked by the clamping jaws 28, three threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the central disc 33 along the circumferential direction and are used for being fixedly connected with the clamping jaw plates 37 through screws and driven by the clamping jaw plates 37, and the upper end of the central disc 33 is provided with a circular boss which is used for positioning when being installed with the clamping jaw plates. The position of each clamping jaw corresponds to the position of the opening on the supporting ring. The center plate 33 is provided with a through hole at the axis for installing the push rod 34, the push rod 34 is provided with a clamp spring groove for installing a push rod clamp spring 35, the push rod clamp spring 35 is used for ensuring that the push rod displacement is not too large, the push rod is connected with a third driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the third driving mechanism is connected with the control box. Three structures matched with the connecting rods 32 are uniformly distributed on the central disc 33 along the circumferential direction, the matched positions are connected by pins, and the connecting parts can rotate around the axes of the pins. The connecting rod 32 is movably connected with the claw arm 31 by a pin, the claw arm 31 is also movably connected with the clamping jaw 28 by a positioning pin 47, and the positioning pin 47 is fixedly connected with the top plate 38 by a positioning screw 48. A long spring plate 29 is attached to the jaw 28 and the jaw arm 31, and is bent, a rectangular through hole is formed in at least one of the jaw 28 and the jaw arm 31, the upper end and the lower end of the spring plate 29 are connected to the jaw arm 31 and the jaw 28 by a jaw screw 30, respectively, and at least one jaw screw 30 is attached to the two rectangular through holes and is movable in the rectangular through holes. The part of the clamping jaw 28, which is contacted with the longan 1, is a saw-shaped jaw tooth, and the design is to enable the clamping jaw 28 to be partially embedded into the longan skin, increase the friction force and smoothly grab up the longan skin.

In practice, the push rod 34 is first moved downwards to fix the longan 1 on the ring, and then the top plate 38 is moved downwards until the clamping jaws 28 reach the proper position of the lower half of the longan and stop. Then the clamping jaw plate 37 drives the central disc 33 to move downwards, the upper end of the connecting rod 32 descends, the lower end of the connecting rod generates downward and outward pushing force on the upper end of the jaw arm 31, the pushing force is transmitted to the upper end of the spring leaf 29, the force received by the upper end of the spring leaf 29 is transmitted to the lower end of the spring leaf 29, inward and upward acting force is generated at the lower end of the spring leaf 29 and acts on the clamping jaws 28, and the three clamping jaws 28 jointly grab the longan skin. The top plate 38 is then moved upwards, bringing the three clamping jaws 28 upwards, while the push rod 34 is pressed against the longan without any change, so that the longan skin is peeled off from the longan by the three clamping jaws 28. In addition, in the case where the skin cutting process has been completed, and three incisions are left in the longan skin, the longan skin is more easily peeled. After the skin and the pulp are separated, the push rod 34 is lifted, the clamping jaw plate 37 and the top plate 38 are synchronously lifted, the longan skin is grabbed from the supporting ring hole, and the longan pulp is left in the supporting ring hole; when the whole production line is pushed forward by half a station, the clamping jaws 28 are loosened, so that the longan peels fall between the two longan trays.

The utility model integrates a plurality of procedures which can be completed simultaneously by combining the consideration of the control part. The dermatome portion of the dermatome mechanism and the enucleation portion of the enucleation mechanism are integrated onto the bottom plate 36, as shown in fig. 17, and the ejector portion of the dermatome mechanism and the ejector portion of the enucleation mechanism are integrated onto the top plate, as shown in fig. 18. All peeling mechanisms are integrated in the jaw plate 37, as shown in fig. 19, and can be driven individually. For a fruit to be denucleated and peeled, the three procedures of peeling, denucleating and peeling exist in sequence, but on the production line of the utility model, the three processing mechanisms of peeling, denucleating and peeling act simultaneously. This means that, except for the initial 3 rows of fruit being processed one by one, the following fruit to be processed is simultaneously and respectively peeled, pitted and peeled every three rows. Namely, a plurality of processing links are completed synchronously. Therefore, the utility model has high efficiency and strong stability.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic shelling of soft shell nucleated fruit denucleates processing lines which characterized in that includes: two driving chain wheels are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the rigid frame type rack respectively, and the two driving chain wheels are synchronously driven by a first motor; the front side and the rear side of the rack are respectively and symmetrically provided with a plurality of driven sprockets, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on each side are respectively connected through a chain, and each chain comprises a horizontal section and an oblique section; the motor is connected with the control box; a travel switch is arranged on the frame and is connected with the control box;

the fruit tray is arranged between the two chains, the two chains are fixedly connected with the two ends of the fruit tray respectively, a plurality of through holes are formed in the fruit tray and are called as supporting ring holes, the diameter of each supporting ring hole can pass through one fruit, the supporting ring is arranged at the lower end of the supporting ring hole, the ring diameter of the supporting ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit and larger than the outer diameter of a fruit core, and the fruit is supported by the supporting ring after entering the supporting ring holes; n long through holes are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the circumference of the supporting ring hole, and each long through hole is communicated with the circumference of the supporting ring hole; n openings are uniformly distributed on the supporting ring, and the openings on the supporting ring correspond to the long through holes in one-to-one correspondence on the vertical plane;

the top plate is arranged above the front surface of the fruit tray, is connected with the first driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the first driving mechanism is connected with the control box;

the clamping jaw plate is positioned above the top plate, the clamping jaw plate is connected with a second driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the second driving mechanism is connected with the control box; a central disc is fixedly installed below the clamping jaw plate, N pin shafts are uniformly distributed on the central disc along the circumferential direction, and the value of N is a natural number of 3-6; each pin shaft is connected with the upper part of one connecting rod, the lower part of each connecting rod is movably connected with the upper part of one claw arm, the lower part of one claw arm is movably connected with the upper part of one clamping jaw, and the joint of the claw arm and the clamping jaw is connected with the top plate; two ends of a spring leaf which is bent in a free state are respectively connected to a clamping jaw and a jaw arm, and the bend of the spring leaf is positioned at the movable connection part of the clamping jaw and the jaw arm; the bottom of each clamping jaw is provided with a jaw tooth; the position of each clamping jaw corresponds to the position of an opening on the supporting ring;

a first through hole is formed in the axis of the central disc, a push rod is installed in the first through hole, the upper end of the push rod is arranged above the clamping jaw plate, and the lower end of the push rod extends to the fruit on the supporting ring; the push rod is connected with a third driving mechanism which can move up and down, and the third driving mechanism is connected with the control box.

2. The automated peeling and coring processing line of soft shell cored fruits of claim 1, further comprising,

the bottom plate is arranged on the back of the fruit tray and connected with a fourth driving mechanism, and the fourth driving mechanism is connected with the control box; the bottom end of the cutter handle is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, a long through groove is formed in the cutter handle body, the cutter rod is bent, the cutter rod is arranged at the upper end in the through groove at the bent position through a pin shaft, and part of the cutter rod is accommodated in the through groove; the upper end of the dermatome spring is connected with the head of the cutter bar, and the lower end of the dermatome spring is connected with the lower end of the cutter handle; the lower end of the cutter bar is connected with a round skin cutting blade through a pin, a round boss is arranged on the side edge of the skin cutting blade, and the diameter of the round boss is smaller than that of the skin cutting blade; the number of the knife handle, the knife bar, the dermatome spring and the dermatome blade is N.

3. The automated soft shelled nucleated fruit peeling and coring processing line of claim 2, further comprising:

the top of the ejector rod sleeve is fixedly connected below the top plate, the upper section of the ejector rod is sleeved in the ejector rod sleeve, the lowest end of the ejector rod is provided with a spring seat, the ejector rod is externally sleeved with an ejector rod spring at the lower section exposed out of the ejector rod sleeve, the upper end of the ejector rod spring is propped against the lower bottom surface of the ejector rod sleeve, and the lower end of the ejector rod spring is propped against the spring seat;

a second through hole is formed in the ejector rod along the axial direction, and a thimble is installed in the second through hole; the thimble is connected with a fifth driving mechanism which can move up and down, and the fifth driving mechanism is connected with the control box;

the annular blade is fixed on the bottom plate, the knife edge faces upwards, and the diameter of the annular blade is larger than that of the fruit core.

4. The automated peeling and coring processing line of soft shell cored fruits of claim 3, further comprising,

the flat plate is positioned below the supporting ring and is connected with a sixth driving mechanism, and the sixth driving mechanism is connected with the control box; the second motor is arranged on the flat plate and is connected with the control box; the output end of a second motor is connected with a roller, M rollers are uniformly distributed beside the bracket, and the value of M is a natural number of 3-6;

a third through hole is formed in the flat plate; the upper end of the bracket is fixedly connected to the flat plate, the camera is installed at the lower end of the bracket, the direction of the camera faces to the upward third through hole, and the protective glass is installed on the bracket at the upper end of the camera;

the lower end of the air pipe connecting piece is connected with the air guide pipe, and the upper end of the air pipe connecting piece is connected with an air source for air supply; the front end of the air duct is connected with an air nozzle, and the air nozzle is aligned to the protective glass from the side direction.

5. The automated peeling and coring processing line of soft shell cored fruits of claim 4, wherein said value of N, M is 3.

6. The automated peeling and coring processing line of soft shell cored fruits of claim 5, further comprising a feeding tray mounted on the left side of said frame in a downwardly inclined manner with a height from left to right for engaging with an upwardly inclined fruit tray with an upwardly facing front surface.

7. An automated peeling and coring processing line for soft shell cored fruits according to claim 6, wherein the feeding tray has a plurality of serrated slots corresponding to the ring holes of the fruit tray.

8. An automated peeling and coring line for soft shell cored fruits according to claim 6, wherein the right side of the chain has a downwardly and rightwardly inclined segment with the fruit tray facing upwardly, and a downwardly inclined shell discharge tray is provided adjacent the inclined segment.

9. An automated peeling and coring line for soft shell cored fruits according to claim 6, wherein the right side of the chain has a downwardly facing, downwardly and leftwardly inclined segment of the fruit tray, and a downwardly inclined pulp discharge tray is provided adjacent the inclined segment.

10. The automated peeling and coring processing line of soft shell cored fruits of claim 6, wherein an inclined downwardly directed core discharge chute is provided below said bottom plate at a position corresponding to the position of the annular blade on the bottom plate.

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