CN214787404U - Tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock - Google Patents
Tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN214787404U CN214787404U CN202120707465.6U CN202120707465U CN214787404U CN 214787404 U CN214787404 U CN 214787404U CN 202120707465 U CN202120707465 U CN 202120707465U CN 214787404 U CN214787404 U CN 214787404U
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Abstract
The utility model is used for tunnel country rock deformation supporting construction of soft rock of high ground stress extrudability belongs to the tunnel engineering field, and the purpose is alleviated tunnel country rock and is warp. Comprises a primary support steel arch frame; locking the primary support steel arch on a locking angle anchor rod of the tunnel surrounding rock; strengthen the stock and lay the full ring steel sheet in tunnel country rock inner wall, the steel sheet is located primary support steel bow member inboard, and the one end of strengthening the stock passes primary support steel bow member and steel sheet anchor in tunnel country rock in proper order, and the other end of strengthening the stock is connected with primary support steel bow member through locking structure. The steel plates are fully and circularly laid on the inner sides of the primary support steel arch frames, so that the tunnel surrounding rocks are supported to a certain extent, and the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rocks is reduced to a certain extent. The primary support steel arch and the steel plate are connected together through the reinforcing anchor rods to form a whole, so that the bending resistance bearing capacity of the primary support steel arch is improved, the non-uniform deformation probability of a support structure is reduced, and the capacity of inhibiting the deformation of tunnel surrounding rocks is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the tunnel engineering field, it is specific that a tunnel country rock warp supporting construction for high ground stress extrudability weak rock.
Background
In the construction of tunnels and underground engineering, engineering geological conditions and hydrogeological conditions are the primary objects faced by people. In general, the speed and quality of tunnel construction depend on the knowledge and mastery of geological conditions. When the geological condition is better, the project progress is smooth, and the construction period, quality, construction cost and the like of the project can be normally carried out according to the plan. When the geological conditions become poor and the special and unfavorable geological sections such as the extruding weak surrounding rocks are met, the project is blocked, which is represented by the prolonging of the construction period, the reduction of the quality and the sharp increase of the construction cost, and simultaneously, the phenomena of casualties, equipment damage and the like caused by large safety accidents can occur. At present, more and more tunnels are built in the weak surrounding rocks with extrusion property. However, in the construction process, the tunnel has a large deformation phenomenon due to various reasons such as uncertainty of geological conditions, unreasonable excavation method and support measures in the construction, and the like, so that the construction safety, the construction period and the engineering investment are influenced.
The tunnel is mainly characterized in that the phenomenon of large deformation caused by geology is mainly shown in the following two aspects:
firstly, the expansion effect of the expansive surrounding rock, such as clay mineral montmorillonite, kaolin, chlorite and the like, can expand 10 to 30 percent of the volume after absorbing water; the anhydrite generates chemical reaction after meeting water, and the volume is increased by 60 percent; the volume of mirabilite increases by about 150% after meeting water. When the surrounding rock containing the substances meets water or absorbs water in the air after excavation, the volume of the surrounding rock is expanded, so that the periphery of the tunnel or the cavern is greatly deformed.
And secondly, the soft surrounding rock is subjected to compressive deformation under the action of high ground stress. Due to the fact that ground stress is high, the strength of the rock is low, after the cavern is excavated, a large-range plastic damage area appears on the periphery of the cavern, the rock mass in the plastic area is sheared and extruded, mass points in the surrounding rock are forced to move towards an excavation space, and accordingly large deformation occurs.
Since the beginning of the eighties of the twentieth century, the new Olympic method has been introduced into China, and the construction technology of railway and highway tunnels is rapidly developed and continuously improved. The capacity of building the long and large tunnel is gradually enhanced, and the means for treating the large deformation of the weak surrounding rock tunnel is continuously improved. At present, in countries with advanced tunnel construction technology, construction technical measures taken for large deformation of weak surrounding rock tunnels are more perfect, and advanced support measures (mainly deep hole grouting, advanced anchor rods, large and large pipe sheds and the like), strong support measures (steel frame support, steel fibers and carbon fiber sprayed concrete) and special support measures (including compressible support and replaceable support) and the like are completed in the early eighties.
In the last two thirty years, data show that in some typical tunnels at home and abroad, which have low strength of surrounding rocks and high original ground stress (namely, high stress strength ratio), the large deformation is almost treated by adopting a long anchor rod or anchor cable mode, and a flexible support with the long anchor rod is adopted, so that part of the ground stress can be released through deformation, the surrounding rocks are reinforced, the deformation is controlled, and engineering practice shows that the tunnel is successful.
In recent years, the large deformation of the extruding weak surrounding rock tunnel under the action of high ground stress has increasingly attracted attention in China, and the main reasons are as follows: on one hand, the deformation of the extruding weak surrounding rock is extremely large (dozens of centimeters to more than one hundred centimeters), and the extruded weak surrounding rock is often invaded into the mold concrete lining clearance after the displacement of the tunnel wall, so that the construction treatment is very difficult; on the other hand, with the development of tunnel construction in China, the large deformation work points are increased day by day, however, the tunnel design and construction specifications used at present only make some basic regulations and requirements aiming at the problem of large deformation of weak surrounding rocks, the content is simpler, and no reliable method exists in design or construction. The problem of large deformation of tunnel surrounding rock cannot be relieved by the conventional anchor rod supporting structure adopted at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the big problem of extrudability weak country rock tunnel deformation under the effect of present high ground stress, provide a tunnel country rock deformation supporting construction that is used for high ground stress extrudability weak rock, alleviate tunnel country rock deformation.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for the high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock comprises a primary supporting steel arch and a locking angle anchor rod for locking the primary supporting steel arch to the tunnel surrounding rock; still including strengthening the stock and laying the full ring steel sheet in tunnel country rock inner wall, the steel sheet is located the preliminary bracing steel bow member inboard, the one end of strengthening the stock passes preliminary bracing steel bow member and steel sheet anchor in tunnel country rock in proper order, and the other end of strengthening the stock is connected with the preliminary bracing steel bow member through locking structure.
Further, the reinforcing anchor rod comprises an insertion section inserted into the tunnel surrounding rock and a connection section exposed out of the tunnel surrounding rock along the axial direction of the reinforcing anchor rod; the locking structure comprises an external thread arranged on the connecting section, a steel sheet sleeved on the connecting section and a nut in threaded connection with the connecting section; the steel sheet is abutted against the inner side of the primary support steel arch frame and is abutted against the inner side of the steel plate through a nut.
Furthermore, an expansion bolt is fixedly connected to the insertion section of the reinforcing anchor rod.
Further, the reinforcing anchor rods are arranged in pairs, and two reinforcing anchor rods in each pair are distributed in a splayed shape with the inner ends gradually separated.
Furthermore, the insertion part of the locking angle anchor rod inserted into the tunnel surrounding rock is fixedly connected with an expansion bolt.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a tunnel country rock deformation supporting construction for high ground stress extrudability weak rock lays the steel sheet through the inboard full ring at preliminary bracing steel bow member, plays certain supporting role to tunnel country rock, has reduced tunnel country rock deformation to a certain extent. The strength of tunnel surrounding rock is improved by the reinforcing anchor rods. And the primary support steel arch and the steel plate are connected together through the reinforcing anchor rods to form a whole, so that the bending resistance bearing capacity of the primary support steel arch is improved, the non-uniform deformation probability of the support structure is reduced, and the capacity of inhibiting the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a node diagram of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a reinforced bolt structure.
In the figure, a primary support steel arch 1, a locking angle anchor rod 2, a reinforcing anchor rod 3, an insertion section 3A, a connecting section 3B, a steel plate 4, a steel sheet 5, a nut 6 and an expansion bolt 7.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
the tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for the high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock comprises a primary supporting steel arch 1 and a locking angle anchor rod 2 for locking the primary supporting steel arch 1 to the tunnel surrounding rock, as shown in figure 1; still including strengthening stock 3 and laying in the full ring steel sheet 4 of tunnel country rock inner wall, steel sheet 4 is located primary support steel bow member 1 inboardly, the one end of strengthening stock 3 passes primary support steel bow member 1 and steel sheet 4 anchor in tunnel country rock in proper order, and the other end of strengthening stock 3 is connected with primary support steel bow member 1 through locking structure.
The utility model discloses a tunnel country rock deformation supporting construction for high ground stress extrudability weak rock, 1 inboard of preliminary bracing steel bow member is the one side that preliminary bracing steel bow member 1 is adjacent with tunnel country rock, and with the tunnel in adjacent one side be the outside of preliminary bracing steel bow member 1. The steel plate 4 is fully laid on the inner side of the primary support steel arch 1, namely the steel plate 4 surrounds the primary support steel arch 1 for a whole circle. The steel plate 4 is laid on the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock, plays a certain supporting role on the tunnel surrounding rock, and reduces the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock to a certain extent. The strength of the tunnel surrounding rock is improved by the reinforcing anchor rods 3. Moreover, the primary support steel arch 1 and the steel plate 4 are connected together through the reinforcing anchor rods 3 to form a whole, so that the bending resistance bearing capacity of the primary support steel arch 1 is improved, the uneven deformation probability of a support structure is reduced, and the capacity of inhibiting the deformation of tunnel surrounding rocks is improved.
The reinforcing anchor rods 3 and the primary support steel arch 1 can be connected in a welding mode, but the welding requirements on cost and personnel are high, and the welding construction operation risk is large for gas tunnels and the like. In order to avoid the above problem, it is preferable that the reinforcing anchor bar 3 includes, in its axial direction, an insertion section 3A inserted into the tunnel surrounding rock and a connection section 3B exposed to the tunnel surrounding rock, as shown in fig. 2; the locking structure comprises an external thread arranged on the connecting section 3B, a steel sheet 5 sleeved on the connecting section 3B and a nut 6 in threaded connection with the connecting section 3B; the steel sheet 5 abuts against the inner side of the primary support steel arch 1 and abuts against the inner side of the steel sheet 4 through the nut 6.
In order to increase the anchoring effect of the reinforcement bolt 3, it is preferable that an expansion bolt 7 is fixedly connected to the insertion section 3A of the reinforcement bolt 3, as shown in fig. 3. This setting, after the section of inserting 3A of strengthening stock 3 buries the tunnel country rock, can produce the locking force through expansion bolts 7's inflation for strengthen stock 3 and tunnel country rock's frictional force increase, thereby 3 anchor effect is strengthened to the reinforcing.
The reinforcing anchor rods 3 can be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, but in order to be more favorable for improving the strength of the surrounding rock, preferably, the reinforcing anchor rods 3 are arranged in pairs, and the two reinforcing anchor rods 3 in each pair are distributed in a splayed manner with the inner ends gradually separated. Strengthen in stock 3 is the splayed inserts tunnel country rock, it is better to the enhancement effect of tunnel country rock, more do benefit to the bulk rigidity that increases supporting construction.
In order to further increase the rigidity and strength of the primary support steel arch 1, an expansion bolt 7 is fixedly connected to an insertion part of the locking angle anchor rod 2 inserted into the tunnel surrounding rock. Through the expansion effect of expansion bolts 7, locking force is generated, so that the friction force between the foot-locking anchor rods 2 and the tunnel surrounding rock is increased, the supporting rigidity and strength of the primary supporting steel arch frame 1 are increased, and the anchoring effect of the foot-locking anchor rods 2 is improved.
Claims (5)
1. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for the high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock comprises a primary supporting steel arch (1) and a locking angle anchor rod (2) for locking the primary supporting steel arch (1) to the tunnel surrounding rock; the method is characterized in that: still including strengthening stock (3) and laying in full ring steel sheet (4) of tunnel country rock inner wall, steel sheet (4) are located preliminary bracing steel bow member (1) inboardly, the one end of strengthening stock (3) passes preliminary bracing steel bow member (1) and steel sheet (4) anchor in tunnel country rock in proper order, and the other end of strengthening stock (3) is connected with preliminary bracing steel bow member (1) through locking structure.
2. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress weak rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reinforcing anchor rod (3) comprises an insertion section (3A) inserted into the tunnel surrounding rock and a connection section (3B) exposed out of the tunnel surrounding rock along the axial direction of the reinforcing anchor rod; the locking structure comprises an external thread arranged on the connecting section (3B), a steel sheet (5) sleeved on the connecting section (3B) and a nut (6) in threaded connection with the connecting section (3B); the steel sheet (5) is abutted against the inner side of the primary support steel arch frame (1) and is abutted against the inner side of the steel plate (4) through a nut (6).
3. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress weak rock according to claim 2, characterized in that: an expansion bolt (7) is fixedly connected with the insertion section (3A) of the reinforced anchor rod (3).
4. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high ground stress weak rock according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the reinforcing anchor rods (3) are arranged in pairs, and two reinforcing anchor rods (3) in each pair are distributed in a splayed shape with the inner ends gradually separated.
5. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high ground stress weak rock according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: and the insertion part of the locking angle anchor rod (2) inserted into the tunnel surrounding rock is fixedly connected with an expansion bolt (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120707465.6U CN214787404U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120707465.6U CN214787404U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214787404U true CN214787404U (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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| CN202120707465.6U Active CN214787404U (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Tunnel surrounding rock deformation supporting structure for high-ground-stress-extrudability weak rock |
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| CN (1) | CN214787404U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-04-07 CN CN202120707465.6U patent/CN214787404U/en active Active
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