CN214601538U

CN214601538U - Sheet positioning mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN214601538U
Application number: CN202120802910.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李长兴; 张钊; 葛世明
Original assignee: Shanghai Qian Yuan Motor Body Die Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Qian Yuan Motor Body Die Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-19
Filing date: 2021-04-19
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-19

Abstract

The application discloses a plate positioning mechanism, which relates to the technical field of die manufacturing and comprises a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate, wherein the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate are fixed on the upper side of a lower die; the pressing piece is fixed on the upper side of the lower die; still including fixing the lower mould upside and being located the first actuating cylinder that drives that lower mould length direction deviates from first locating plate one side, just the flexible direction of first actuating cylinder piston rod is on a parallel with the length direction of lower mould, just the directional lower mould length direction of tip of first actuating cylinder piston rod is in the one side of higher position. This application has the effect that enlarges the sheet material positioning mechanism suitability on the mould, promotes stamping forming operating efficiency.

Description

Sheet positioning mechanism

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of die manufacturing, in particular to a plate positioning mechanism.

Background

In the mechanical manufacturing industry, when performing punch forming operation on a sheet metal, a worker usually places the sheet metal to be subjected to punch forming above a lower die by means of a press machine and a die; and then, starting the press machine, driving the upper die to descend by the press machine, and carrying out die closing operation so as to press the metal plate into a metal workpiece with a certain shape.

At present, because parting surfaces of some molds are obliquely arranged, a plurality of stop blocks are usually fixed on the lower mold at the peripheral side of the placement position of the metal plate as a positioning mechanism of the metal plate by workers; the metal plate is blocked by the block, so that the phenomenon that the metal plate falls off from the lower die in the descending process of the upper die is reduced.

In view of the above-mentioned related arts, the inventor believes that, when the die is used for stamping, the stopper is used for coiling a plate placing area with a certain size on the lower die, and the size of the metal product to be formed is different, so that the application range of the die positioning mechanism is narrow, and the improvement is needed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to enlarge the application range of the positioning mechanism on the stamping die, the application provides a plate positioning mechanism.

The application provides a sheet material positioning mechanism adopts following technical scheme:

a plate positioning mechanism comprises a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate which are fixed on the upper side of a lower die, wherein the first positioning plate is arranged on one side of the lower die, which is at a higher position in the length direction, and the second positioning plate is arranged on one side of the lower die in the width direction; the pressing piece is fixed on the upper side of the lower die and is respectively close to the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate; still including fixing the lower mould upside and being located the first actuating cylinder that drives that lower mould length direction deviates from first locating plate one side, just the flexible direction of first actuating cylinder piston rod is on a parallel with the length direction of lower mould, just the directional lower mould length direction of tip of first actuating cylinder piston rod is in the one side of higher position.

By adopting the technical scheme, when a worker places a metal plate on the lower die, firstly, one end of the metal plate in the length direction and one end of the metal plate in the width direction are respectively abutted against the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate; then, pressing the metal plate on the lower die by using a pressing piece; then, the worker starts the first driving cylinder, and the extending length of a piston rod of the first driving cylinder is adjusted according to the size of the metal plate; finally, the end part of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is tightly abutted against one end of the metal plate with the length deviating from the first positioning plate, so that the metal plate is fixed on the upper side of the lower die; the extension length of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is adjusted according to different sizes of different metal plates, so that the plate placing area of the metal plates on the lower die can be adjusted, the applicability of the stamping die is effectively improved, and the application range of the stamping die is expanded.

Preferably, the end fixing of the first driving cylinder piston rod has a first push plate, the first push plate is vertical, and the lower side surface of the first push plate is matched with the upper side surface of the lower die in a sliding manner.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first push plate is used for increasing the supporting surface of the first driving cylinder for the metal plate so as to meet the fixing requirements of metal plates with different thicknesses and further expand the application range of the stamping die.

Preferably, the lower die is provided with a supporting assembly for increasing the supporting strength of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder; the supporting component comprises a supporting block fixedly sleeved on the piston rod of the first driving cylinder, and the supporting block is in sliding fit with the lower die; the die further comprises limiting blocks fixed on two horizontal radial sides of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder, the two sides of the supporting block close to the two limiting blocks are respectively embedded into the corresponding limiting blocks and are in sliding fit with the corresponding limiting blocks, and the sliding direction of the supporting block is parallel to the length direction of the lower die.

By adopting the technical scheme, the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is supported by the supporting block, so that the situation that the piston rod of the first driving cylinder swings and bends along the horizontal radial direction of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder due to the overlarge weight of the metal plate is reduced, and the bearing capacity of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is improved.

Preferably, a support frame for supporting the first push plate is arranged on the upper side of the support block; the support frame is connected with the supporting block in a sliding mode along the length direction of the lower die.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the support frame is used for increasing the bearing capacity of first push pedal, reduces to lead to the condition emergence that first push pedal warp the inefficacy because of sheet metal overweight.

Preferably, the support frame comprises a support plate which is horizontally arranged and a vertical plate which is fixed on the support plate, and one side of the vertical plate, which is close to the first push plate, abuts against the side wall of the first push plate; the support plate is provided with a waist-shaped hole, the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is parallel to the length direction of the lower die, and the waist-shaped hole penetrates through the thickness direction of the support plate from top to bottom; the support plate is provided with a first fastening bolt, a threaded end of the first fastening bolt penetrates through the waist-shaped hole from top to bottom and is screwed into the support plate in a threaded manner, and the first fastening bolt is in sliding fit with the support plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the horizontal sliding range of the first push plate is further prolonged by utilizing the horizontal sliding motion of the support plate relative to the support block, so that the positioning requirement of a metal plate material with a smaller size is met, and the applicability of the stamping die is further improved.

Preferably, a reinforcing rib plate is fixed on one side of the first push plate close to the first driving cylinder, and the reinforcing rib plate is abutted against the upper side of the lower template.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the reinforcing floor is used for further increasing the support intensity of first push pedal to guarantee the stability of first push pedal to sheet metal support operation.

Preferably, compress tightly the piece including being the vertical first fixed plate of fixing on the lower mould, first fixed plate perpendicular to corresponds first locating plate and the setting of second locating plate, still including articulating the one side V-arrangement board at first fixed plate width direction, the opening of V-arrangement board sets up downwards, lies in on the lower mould the one end that the one end of V-arrangement board length deviates from sheet metal is fixed with the fastener that is used for fixed V-arrangement board.

By adopting the technical scheme, after a worker places the metal plate at a proper position between the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, the V-shaped plate is rotated, and one end of the V-shaped plate, which is close to the metal plate, is pressed on the upper side of the metal plate; then, the V-shaped plate is fixed by using the fastener, so that the metal plate is clamped, the structure is simple, the operation of workers is convenient, and the work efficiency of the workers is improved; meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of enterprises is saved.

Preferably, a second driving cylinder is arranged on the lower die and located on one side of the width direction of the lower die, which is far away from the second positioning plate, the extension direction of a piston rod of the second driving cylinder is parallel to the width direction of the lower die, and the end part of the piston rod of the second driving cylinder points to the width direction of the lower die and is located on one side of the second positioning plate; the end part of the piston rod of the second driving cylinder is fixed with a second push plate, and the lower side surface of the second push plate is matched with the lower die in a sliding mode.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, it drives actuating cylinder and second push pedal to synthesize the utilization second and carries on spacingly to the sheet metal one side that is located lower mould width direction and deviates from the second locating plate to reduce the condition emergence that deviates from one side of second locating plate to lower mould width direction to sheet metal stamping forming in-process sheet metal, be convenient for guarantee the normal clear of stamping forming operation.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

the placing position of the metal plate on the lower die is limited by means of the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, the metal plate is supported by the first driving air cylinder, and meanwhile, the metal plate is compressed and fixed by the compressing piece, so that the piston rod of the first driving air cylinder can be conveniently adjusted; when the adjustable metal material plate is actually used, the extension length of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is adjusted to meet the fixing requirements of different metal material plates, the adaptability range is wide, and the practicability is strong;

the support frame is connected with the support block in a sliding mode through the waist-shaped hole formed in the support plate and the first fastening bolt in threaded connection with the support block, the movement distance of the first push plate is further prolonged, the positioning mechanism is suitable for metal plates with smaller sizes, and the application range of the plate positioning mechanism is further expanded;

the supporting block is fixed on the piston rod of the first driving cylinder, then the supporting block is embedded into the limiting block and is matched with the limiting block in a sliding mode, the telescopic track of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is limited, the situation that the piston rod of the first driving cylinder swings in the process of supporting metal plates is reduced, and therefore the supporting strength of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic axial view mainly showing the overall structure of the plate positioning mechanism in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1, and mainly shows a mounting structure of the support member. .

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view mainly showing a mounting structure of the pressing member in the embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1. a first positioning plate; 2. a second positioning plate; 3. a compression member; 31. a first fixing plate; 32. a V-shaped plate; 33. a fastener; 331. a second fixing plate; 332. a second fastening bolt; 333. abutting the sheet; 34. a limiting plate; 35. a mounting seat; 4. a first push plate; 41. a reinforcing rib plate; 5. a first driving cylinder; 6. a support assembly; 61. a support block; 611. a slider; 612. a first fastening bolt; 62. a limiting block; 621. a chute; 7. a support frame; 71. a support plate; 711. a kidney-shaped hole; 72. a vertical plate; 8. a second push plate; 9. and a second driving cylinder.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.

The embodiment of the application discloses a sheet material positioning mechanism.

Referring to fig. 1, a plate positioning mechanism is disposed at a position on the lower die of a stamping die, located on the periphery of a cavity, and used for fixing a plate placed on the lower die so as to reduce the occurrence of the phenomenon that the plate slides down from the upper side of the lower die in the descending process of the upper die. The device comprises a first positioning plate 1 fixed on one side of the lower die in the length direction at a higher position and a second positioning plate 2 fixed on one side of the lower die in the width direction, wherein the first positioning plate 1 and the second positioning plate 2 are both vertically arranged; a pressing piece 3 for tightly pressing the metal plate on the upper side of the lower die is arranged on one side of the lower die, which is provided with the first positioning plate 1 in the length direction, and one side of the lower die, which is provided with the second positioning plate 2 in the width direction; simultaneously, one side that lower mould length direction deviates from first locating plate 1 is provided with first push pedal 4, and first push pedal 4 sets up along the length direction horizontal slip of lower mould, and still is provided with on the lower mould and is used for driving first push pedal 4 horizontal slip's first actuating cylinder 5 that drives.

When a metal plate is placed on the upper side of a lower die, a worker firstly places the metal plate on the lower die at a position between a first positioning plate 1 and a second positioning plate 2, and enables one sides of the metal plate close to the first positioning plate 1 and the second positioning plate 2 to respectively abut against the first positioning plate 1 and the second positioning plate 2; then, the metal plate is pressed on the upper side of the lower die by using a pressing piece 3; and then, the worker starts the first driving cylinder 5, the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 extends, and the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 pushes the first push plate 4 to move towards one side close to the first positioning plate 1 along the length direction of the lower die until the first push plate 4 abuts against the side wall of the metal plate, so that the positioning operation of the metal plate is completed.

Referring to fig. 2, the first driving cylinder 5 is fixed on the lower die and located on one side of the first push plate 4 departing from the first locating plate 1, the first cylinder body and the lower die are fixedly connected, the telescopic direction of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 is parallel to the length direction of the lower die, and the end of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 points to the length direction of the lower die and is located on one side of the first locating plate 1. Meanwhile, a supporting component 6 for increasing the supporting strength of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 is arranged on the lower die, the supporting component 6 comprises a supporting block 61 fixedly sleeved at the axial middle position of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 and limiting blocks 62 fixed on the lower die and positioned at two sides of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 in the horizontal radial direction, sliding grooves 621 are formed in one sides, close to each other, of the two limiting blocks 62, and the length direction of any sliding groove 621 is parallel to the length direction of the lower die; the two sides of the supporting block 61 close to the sliding slot 621 are fixed with sliding blocks 611, and any sliding block 611 is embedded into the corresponding sliding slot 621 and is in sliding fit with the corresponding sliding slot 621.

When the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 extends, the supporting block 61 moves relative to the limiting block 62 along the length direction of the lower die, so that the situation that the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 swings along the radial direction of the piston rod is reduced, the situation that the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 bends or even breaks is reduced, and the service life of the first driving cylinder 5 is prolonged.

Meanwhile, in order to increase the supporting strength of the first push plate 4 and reduce the occurrence of the situation that the first push plate 4 is deformed and fails due to overweight of the metal plate, the supporting block 61 is provided with a supporting frame 7 for supporting the first push plate 4. The supporting frame 7 comprises a supporting plate 71 and a vertical plate 72, the supporting plate 71 is horizontally arranged, the vertical plate 72 is fixed on the upper side of the supporting plate 71, the vertical plate 72 is arranged on two sides of the supporting plate 71 in the width direction of the lower die, and one side of any vertical plate 72, which is close to the first push plate 4, is fixedly connected with the first push plate 4. Meanwhile, waist-shaped holes 711 are formed in the support plate 71 on two sides in the width direction of the lower die, any waist-shaped hole 711 penetrates through the thick bottom direction of the support plate 71 from top to bottom, and the length direction of any waist-shaped hole 711 is parallel to the length direction of the lower die; meanwhile, a first fastening bolt 612 is arranged on the supporting block 61 corresponding to any waist-shaped hole 711, the threaded end of any first fastening bolt 612 penetrates through the waist-shaped hole 711 from top to bottom, and the threaded end of any first fastening bolt 612 is screwed into the supporting block 61; any first fastening bolt 612 is in sliding fit with the side wall of the kidney-shaped hole 711, and the bolt cap of any first fastening bolt 612 is abutted against the upper side surface of the support plate 71.

When the size of the metal plate to be fixed is too small, the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 extends to the longest and still cannot support the metal plate tightly between the first push plate 4 and the first positioning plate 1, a worker screws the first fastening bolt 612 and pushes the support plate 71 to move towards one side close to the first positioning plate 1 along the length direction of the lower die until the first push plate 4 supports the metal plate tightly on the first positioning plate 1; subsequently, the worker screws the first fastening bolt 612 and abuts the bolt cap of the first fastening bolt 612 against the support plate 71, thereby completing the fixation of the support plate 71 to the support block 61.

A reinforcing rib plate 41 is fixed on one side of the first push plate 4, which deviates from the first positioning plate 1 in the thickness direction, the reinforcing rib plate 41 is vertically arranged, the lower side of the reinforcing rib plate 41 is in sliding fit with the upper side surface of the lower die, and one side of the reinforcing rib plate 41, which is close to the supporting block 61 and the support plate 71, is respectively embedded into the supporting block 61 and the support plate 71 and is in sliding fit with the supporting block 61 and the support plate 71. The reinforcing ribs 41 are used to further reinforce the supporting strength of the first push plate 4, thereby ensuring the stability of the first push plate 4 when supporting the metal plate.

Referring to fig. 3, the pressing member 3 includes a first fixing plate 31 vertically disposed, and one end of the first fixing plate 31 in the length direction is disposed toward one side of the lower mold cavity; an installation seat 35 is fixed on the lower side of the first fixing plate 31 on the upper side of the lower die, and the first fixing plate 31 is fixedly connected with the installation seat 35; the pressing part 3 further includes a V-shaped plate 32 disposed on one side of the first fixing plate 31 in the width direction, the V-shaped plate 32 is disposed parallel to the first fixing plate 31, an opening of the V-shaped plate 32 is disposed downward, an upper side of the V-shaped plate 32 is located at a turning position of the V-shaped plate 32 and hinged to the first fixing plate 31, and a rotation axis of the V-shaped plate 32 is parallel to the length direction of the lower mold or parallel to the width direction of the lower mold.

Meanwhile, a fastening piece 33 is arranged on the side, away from the first fixing plate 31, of the V-shaped plate 32 on the mounting seat 35, the fastening piece 33 includes a second fixing plate 331, the second fixing plate 331 is arranged in parallel with the first fixing plate 31, a second fastening bolt 332 is arranged on the second fixing plate 331, the second fastening bolt 332 is horizontally arranged, a threaded end of the second fastening bolt 332 is screwed into the second fixing plate 331 from the side, away from the first fixing plate 31, of the second fixing plate 331, and the axial direction of the second fastening bolt 332 is parallel to the width direction of the second fixing plate 331; an abutting piece 333 is fixed to a threaded end of the second fastening bolt 332, and the abutting piece 333 is provided parallel to the second fixing plate 331; when in use, the abutting sheet 333 abuts against one side of the V-shaped plate 32 departing from the first fixing plate 31.

In addition, a limiting plate 34 is fixed on one side of the second fixing plate 331 close to the V-shaped plate 32, and the limiting plate 34 is in sliding fit with the V-shaped plate 32. The limiting plate 34 is used for reducing the swing of the V-shaped plate 32 along the width direction of the first fixing plate 31 when the V-shaped plate 32 is rotated, so that the worker can fix the V-shaped plate 32 conveniently.

When a worker puts a metal plate between the first positioning plate 1 and the second positioning plate 2 and enables the metal plate to be respectively abutted against the first positioning plate 1 and the second positioning plate 2, the V-shaped plate 32 is rotated, and one end, close to the metal plate, of the V-shaped plate 32 is abutted against the upper side of the metal plate; subsequently, the worker screws the second fastening bolt 332 and abuts the abutting piece 333 against the side wall of the V-shaped plate 32, thereby pressing the metal blank against the upper side of the lower die.

In the same way, referring to fig. 1, for reducing the condition emergence that sheet metal deviates from one side landing of second locating plate 2 from lower mould width direction, one side that width direction deviates from second locating plate 2 on the lower mould is provided with second push pedal 8 and second and drives actuating cylinder 9, and second push pedal 8 drives actuating cylinder 9's connected mode, first push pedal 4 and the first connected mode who drives actuating cylinder 5 with the second, and the two is the same.

The implementation principle of the plate positioning mechanism in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when a worker places a metal plate on the lower die, firstly, one end of the metal plate in the length direction and one end of the metal plate in the width direction are respectively abutted against the first positioning plate 1 and the second positioning plate 2; then, the V-shaped plate 32 is rotated, so that one end of the V-shaped plate 32, which is close to the metal plate, abuts against the upper side of the metal plate; then, the second fastening bolt 332 is screwed, so that the second fastening bolt 332 drives the abutting sheet 333 to abut against the side wall of the V-shaped plate 32, and the metal plate is pressed on the upper side of the lower die; and then, the worker starts the first driving cylinder 5, and adjusts the extending lengths of the piston rods of the first driving cylinder 5 and the second driving cylinder 9 according to the size of the metal plate until the metal plate is clamped between the first push plate 4 and the first positioning plate 1 and between the second push plate 8 and the second positioning plate 2. By adopting the mode, the application range of the positioning mechanism is effectively enlarged, and the practicability of the positioning mechanism is improved.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a sheet material positioning mechanism which characterized in that: the die comprises a first positioning plate (1) and a second positioning plate (2) which are fixed on the upper side of a lower die, wherein the first positioning plate (1) is arranged on one side of the lower die, which is at a higher position in the length direction, and the second positioning plate (2) is arranged on one side of the lower die in the width direction; the device also comprises a pressing piece (3) fixed on the upper side of the lower die; still including fixing the first actuating cylinder (5) that drives that the lower mould upside is located lower mould length direction and deviates from first locating plate (1) one side, just the flexible direction of first actuating cylinder (5) piston rod is on a parallel with the length direction of lower mould, just the tip of first actuating cylinder (5) piston rod of driving points to one side that lower mould length direction is in higher position.

2. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the end fixing of first actuating cylinder (5) piston rod has first push pedal (4), first push pedal (4) are vertical setting, just the downside of first push pedal (4) and the cooperation of sliding of the side of going up of lower mould.

3. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the lower die is provided with a supporting component (6) for increasing the supporting strength of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder (5); the supporting component (6) comprises a supporting block (61) fixedly sleeved on a piston rod of the first driving cylinder (5), and the supporting block (61) is in sliding fit with the lower die; the die further comprises limiting blocks (62) fixed on two horizontal radial sides of a piston rod of the first driving cylinder (5), two sides of each supporting block (61) close to the two limiting blocks (62) are respectively embedded into the corresponding limiting blocks (62) and are in sliding fit with the corresponding limiting blocks (62), and the sliding direction of each supporting block (61) is parallel to the length direction of the lower die.

4. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 3, wherein: a support frame (7) for supporting the first push plate (4) is arranged on the upper side of the support block (61); the support frame (7) is connected with the support block (61) in a sliding mode along the length direction of the lower die.

5. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 4, wherein: the supporting frame (7) comprises a supporting plate (71) which is horizontally arranged and a vertical plate (72) which is fixed on the supporting plate (71), and one side, close to the first push plate (4), of the vertical plate (72) is abutted against the side wall of the first push plate (4); the support plate (71) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (711), the length direction of the waist-shaped hole (711) is parallel to the length direction of the lower die, and the waist-shaped hole (711) penetrates through the thickness direction of the support plate (71) from top to bottom; the support plate (71) is provided with a first fastening bolt (612), the threaded end of the first fastening bolt (612) penetrates through the waist-shaped hole (711) from top to bottom and is screwed into the support block (61), and the first fastening bolt (612) is in sliding fit with the support plate (71).

6. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 5, wherein: and a reinforcing rib plate (41) is fixed on one side of the first push plate (4) close to the first driving cylinder (5), and the reinforcing rib plate (41) is in sliding fit with the upper side of the lower template.

7. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the pressing piece (3) comprises a first fixing plate (31) vertically fixed on the lower die, one end of the first fixing plate (31) in the length direction faces one side of the lower die cavity, and the pressing piece further comprises a V-shaped plate (32) hinged to one side of the first fixing plate (31) in the width direction, and the rotating axial direction of the V-shaped plate (32) is parallel to the length direction of the lower die or parallel to the width direction of the lower die; the opening of the V-shaped plate (32) is arranged downwards, and a fastener (33) for fixing the V-shaped plate (32) is fixed at one end, away from the metal plate, of one end of the lower die, located at the length of the V-shaped plate (32).

8. The sheet positioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein: a second driving cylinder (9) is arranged on the lower die and positioned on one side of the width direction of the lower die, which is far away from the second positioning plate (2), the telescopic direction of a piston rod of the second driving cylinder (9) is parallel to the width direction of the lower die, and the end part of the piston rod of the second driving cylinder (9) points to the width direction of the lower die and is positioned on one side of the second positioning plate (2); the end of the piston rod of the second driving cylinder (9) is fixed with a second push plate (8), and the lower side surface of the second push plate (8) is matched with the lower die in a sliding manner.