CN213977269U

CN213977269U - A rural drinking water filtration system

Info

Publication number: CN213977269U
Application number: CN202022708231.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈雪明; 邓世俊; 张雪娇; 金华长
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2020-11-20
Filing date: 2020-11-20
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rural drinking water filtration system. The water inlet at the bottom of the lower end enclosure of the two filtering devices is respectively connected with the first end of each three-way valve, the second end of each three-way valve is connected with the back flush drain pipe, and the third end of each three-way valve is connected with the water inlet pipe; the first end of the Venturi tube is connected with the water inlet valve, the second end of the Venturi tube is connected with the projection pump added with the flocculating agent, and the third end of the Venturi tube is connected with the water inlet pipe; the water outlets at the bottoms of the two filtering devices are connected with a clean water tank through valves, and the backwashing wastewater is connected with a drainage pipe. At least two devices in the system are linked for filtering treatment, the backwashing water of one device can be supplied by the clean water obtained by the treatment of the other device, and a backwashing high-level water tank or a backwashing water pump for directly taking water from a clean water tank is not required to be arranged; the water inlet and the back washing drainage adopt the design of an internal drainage tube, so that the valve is favorable for installation and maintenance, and the smooth flow of the back washing drainage is ensured. It is also suitable for filtering other similar water purifying processes.

Description

Rural drinking water filtration system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a drinking water filter equipment especially relates to a rural drinking water filtration system.

Background

The drinking water safety in rural areas is closely related to the health of thousands of households. At present, most of drinking water sources in rural areas use mountain spring water, mountain pit water and river water as water sources, water bodies are directly exposed in natural environments and are easily polluted by soil and sand on mountain surfaces, mud scouring, activities of people and livestock and the like, particularly, in rainy seasons, a large amount of mud and sand are poured into the water sources, the water sources become turbid and even yellow, and the water sources are not suitable for direct drinking by people. Therefore, the demand for drinking water filtering devices in rural areas will be increasing. In order to facilitate automatic operation, rural drinking water stations, especially rural small drinking water stations, usually adopt valveless filter tanks for filtration. The filter has the advantages of complex structure, high investment cost, poor cleaning effect and large back washing water amount, influences the effluent quality and is not beneficial to water saving.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem that the valveless filter carries out the filtration existence among the background art, the utility model aims to provide a rural drinking water filtration system to reach high-efficient purification, high-efficient water conservation, and save investment and reduce purposes such as area.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model discloses a filtration system includes two filter equipment that the structure is the same at least, the water inlet of two filter equipment low head bottoms links to each other with the first end of first three-way valve and second three-way valve respectively, the second end of first three-way valve and second three-way valve links to each other with the back flush drain pipe, the third end of first three-way valve and second three-way valve links to each other with the inlet tube, venturi's first end links to each other with the water intaking valve, venturi's second end links to each other with the projecting pump that adds the flocculating agent, venturi's third end links to each other with the inlet tube; the water outlets at the bottoms of the two filtering devices are connected by a water outlet pipeline and then are connected into a clean water tank through a clean water pipe and a valve, and the backwashing wastewater is discharged through a drain pipe.

The filtering devices with the same structure respectively comprise an upper sealing head, an upper extension pipe with a pipe cover, a cylinder body, an air inlet, a lower sealing head and a support, wherein the upper extension pipe is arranged on the upper sealing head;

a water outlet in the lower end enclosure is provided with a water baffle, and a support plate provided with a plurality of water caps, a bearing layer and a filter material layer are sequentially arranged in the filter device from bottom to top; the drainage tube passes through the filter material layer, the bearing layer and the support plate from top to bottom and is fixed in the center of the support plate, the top of the drainage tube is provided with a bell mouth, and the bottom of the drainage tube is communicated with the water inlet; the air inlet is positioned on the side surface of the cylinder body on the lower side of the supporting plate.

The left discharging hole and the right discharging hole are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body above the bearing layer.

And an upper extending pipe with a pipe cover is arranged on the upper end enclosure to ensure constant water production and timely exhaust in the backwashing process.

The drainage tube is arranged in the center of the filtering device, so that smooth water flow in and out can be ensured, and the pipeline does not need to be bent.

The air inlet is connected with the inlet of the back washing air inlet pipeline.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1) the design of the internal vertical drainage tube is adopted, so that the valve is favorable for installation and maintenance, the pipeline is simplified, and smooth flow of back-washing drainage water is ensured.

2) The top of the upper seal head is provided with an upper extension pipe, which can automatically adjust the water level at the upper part of the filter layer, stabilize the water flow, facilitate the exhaust and ensure that the backwashing wastewater can be smoothly discharged out of the filter device.

3) And a gas-water combined backwashing process is adopted, so that the water consumption in the backwashing process is greatly reduced, and the water is saved.

4) The two devices are linked for filtering and backwashing, wherein the backwashing water of one device can be supplied by the clean water obtained by filtering the other device, so that a high-level water tank required in the conventional backwashing process or a backwashing water pump required for directly taking water from a clean water tank can be removed, the system structure is simplified, the investment cost is saved, the occupied area of equipment is reduced, and the popularization and the application in rural areas are facilitated.

The utility model is suitable for a filtration treatment of rural drinking water purification, or other similar water purification processes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a single device structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the filtering system of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a pipe cover, 2, an upper extension pipe, 3, an upper sealing head, 4, a bell mouth, 5, a filter material layer, 6, a drainage pipe, 7, a cylinder body, 8, a right discharge hole, 9, a left discharge hole, 10, a supporting layer, 11, an air inlet, 12, a water cap, 13, a supporting plate, 14, a water baffle, 15, a lower sealing head, 16, a water inlet, 17, a support, 18, a water outlet, 19, a clear water pipe, 20, a valve, 21, a water outlet pipe, 22, a first three-way valve, 23, a second three-way valve, 24, a back flush drain pipe, 25, a water inlet pipe, 26, a venturi tube, 27 and a projection pump.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the filtering system of the present invention at least comprises two filtering devices with the same structure, the water inlets 16 at the bottom of the lower end sockets 15 of the two filtering devices are respectively connected with the first ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, the second ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected with the back flush drain pipe 24, the third ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected with the water inlet pipe 25, the first end of the venturi tube 26 is connected with the water inlet valve, the second end of the venturi tube 26 is connected with the projection pump 27 added with flocculant, and the third end of the venturi tube 26 is connected with the water inlet pipe 25; the water outlets 18 at the bottoms of the two filtering devices are connected by a water outlet pipeline 21 and then are connected into a clean water tank through a clean water pipe 19 and a valve 20, and the backwashing wastewater is discharged through a water discharge pipe 24.

The venturi tube 26 and the projection pump 27 are used for pretreatment of water inflow, and a proper amount of flocculating agent is automatically added when the system enters water, so that colloid impurities in water can be quickly mixed and flocculated, a primary sedimentation tank is not required to be arranged, and the subsequent filtering process is facilitated.

The system at least comprises two devices, water outlet pipes 21 of the two devices are connected in parallel, the back washing water of one device can be directly supplied by the clean water obtained by filtering the other device, a back washing high-level water tank or a back washing water pump directly taking water from a clean water tank is not required to be arranged, the equipment cost is saved, and the purpose of simplifying the system structure is achieved.

The filtering devices with the same structure respectively comprise an upper sealing head 3, an upper extending pipe 2 with a pipe cover 1, a cylinder body 7, an air inlet 11, a lower sealing head 15 and a support 17, wherein the upper extending pipe 2 is arranged on the upper sealing head 3, the cylinder body 7 is provided with a left discharging hole 9 and a right discharging hole 8 at two sides, and the lower sealing head 15 is provided with a water inlet 16 and a water outlet 18;

a water outlet 18 in the lower end enclosure 15 is provided with a water baffle 14, and a support plate 13 provided with a plurality of water caps 12, a supporting layer 10 and a filter material layer 5 are sequentially arranged in the filter device from bottom to top; the drainage tube 6 passes through the filter material layer 5, the supporting layer 10 and the supporting plate 13 from top to bottom and is fixed in the center of the supporting plate 13, the top of the drainage tube 6 is provided with a bell mouth 4, and the bottom is communicated with the water inlet 16; the air inlet 11 is located on the side of the cylinder 7 below the support plate 13.

The drainage tube 6 is vertically arranged to be favorable for keeping smooth drainage, the bell mouth 4 is favorable for quickly separating water from air, compared with the complicated internal structural design of the traditional filtering device, the design greatly simplifies the pipeline structure, so that the filtering device is simpler and more attractive, the backwashing effluent can be quickly discharged from top to bottom through the drainage tube 6, the water outlet 18 is provided with the water baffle 14, the uniform distribution of the backwashing influent water flow is favorable, and the backwashing efficiency is improved; water caps 12 are uniformly distributed on the supporting plate 13, a supporting layer 10 is arranged above the water caps 12, and the supporting layer 10 is arranged by adopting conventional magnetite. In the back flushing process, air mixed back flushing inflow water passes through the water cap 12 and can be uniformly distributed when colliding with the supporting layer 10, so that the problem that the water quantity of partial areas is too small and the washing is not clean is avoided, and the filter material layer 5 is arranged on the supporting layer 10; the top of the upper seal head 3 is connected with the upper extension pipe 2, so that gas generated in the back washing process can be discharged in time. When the amount of the intercepted impurities at the initial stage of filtration is small, the resistance of the filter layer is small, the water level in the upper extension pipe 2 is low, the intercepted impurities are gradually increased along with the filtration process of the device, the resistance of the filter layer becomes large, the head loss is also increased, and the water level in the upper extension pipe 2 rises at the moment, so that the design can ensure that the water production amount in the filtration process is always constant; a left discharge hole 9 and a right discharge hole 8 are respectively arranged on two sides of the cylinder 7, so that the water cap 12 is convenient to mount and replace, and the filter material 5 is also convenient to mount and dismount; the lower part of the side of the cylinder body 7 is provided with an air inlet 11 which is used for being connected with an inlet of a back washing air inlet pipeline;

the plurality of water caps 12 are uniformly arranged on the support plate 13, and the plurality of water caps 12 are respectively fixed on the support plate 13 through threaded joints.

The left discharging hole 9 and the right discharging hole 8 are arranged on the outer side of the cylinder 7 above the bearing layer 10.

And an upper extending pipe 2 with a pipe cover 1 is arranged on the upper seal head 3 to ensure constant water production and timely exhaust in the backwashing process.

The drainage tube 6 is designed in the center of the filtering device, so that smooth water flow in and out is ensured, and the pipeline does not need to be bent.

The air inlet 11 is connected with an inlet of a back washing air inlet pipeline.

The inlet water with the added flocculating agent is connected into a drainage tube 6 through a water inlet 16, and is filtered and flows out of the device under the action of gravity, particles in the water are fully contacted with a filter material layer 5 and are intercepted in a filter layer, and the flowing-out clear water reaches the required water outlet index; the system adopts a gas-water combined backwashing mode, namely when the filtered water index of one device is not up to standard, the system enters a backwashing stage, compressed air enters the device through an air inlet 11 at the lower part of the side of a cylinder 7, the compressed air is mixed with clear water generated by the filtration of the other device and then sequentially passes through a water cap 12, a supporting layer 10 and a filter material layer 5 from bottom to top, and under the action of fluid shearing force and particle friction force, impurity particles intercepted by the filter material layer fall off and are taken out of the filter material layer 5 through a drainage tube 6. The water-gas combined backwashing technology greatly reduces the water consumption in the backwashing process, has obvious water-saving effect, and is particularly suitable for rural areas with scarce water sources.

The water inlets 16 at the bottoms of the lower seal heads 15 of the two filtering devices are respectively connected with first ends of a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve, second ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected with a back flush drain pipe 24, and third ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected with a water inlet pipe 25; the water outlet pipeline at the bottom of the device is connected with a clean water pipe in a parallel connection mode, and filtered water is controlled by a valve 20 to finally flow to a clean water tank. The rural drinking water filtering system alternately performs filtering and backwashing, can achieve better water outlet indexes for a long time, reduces the investment cost and improves the utilization capacity of the system.

The operation of the utility model is divided into two steps of filtering and purifying and back flushing, and the two steps are operated alternately;

1) filtering and purifying: the pretreated inlet water is automatically controlled by a first three-way valve 22 and a second three-way valve 23, enters the filtering device from the drainage tube 6 through the water inlet 16, sequentially passes through the filter material layer 5, the supporting layer 10, the water cap 12 and the supporting plate 13 from top to bottom, and impurity particles in the inlet water are fully contacted with the filter material layer 5, collide and adhered to the filter material layer and are finally intercepted in the filter material layer 5. The filtered water flows to a water outlet 18 at the bottom of the lower end enclosure 15, and the outlet water meets the index requirement of drinking water and finally flows out of a clean water pipe 19 through a valve 20.

2) Backwashing: along with the continuous filtration, the amount of the trapped impurities in the filter material layer 5 is increased, the head loss is correspondingly increased, the quality of the discharged water is poor, the filtration needs to be stopped at the moment, and the backwashing is carried out on one of the filtration devices, wherein the processes are alternately carried out in the two devices. The system adopts gas-water combined backwashing, compressed air is simultaneously mixed with filtered water generated by another device through a backwashing air inlet 11 and a water outlet 18, and the mixed water sequentially passes through a water cap 12, a supporting layer 10 and a filter material layer 5 from bottom to top to realize backwashing; under the action of the fluid shearing force and the friction between particles, the impurity particles adsorbed and intercepted by the filter material layer 5 continuously fall off and flow through the bell mouth 4 along with water flow from top to bottom to enter the drainage tube 6, and finally are discharged from the drainage tube 23 through the three-way valve.

Example 1:

the inlet water through the screen cloth preliminary treatment, the turbidity is about 20 NTU, adopts the utility model discloses filter equipment handles. The thickness of the supporting layer 10 of the filtering device is 150mm, the thickness of the filtering material layer 5 is 900mm, and the grain size of the filtering material is 0.5-1.0 mm. The operating conditions were as follows: adopting polyaluminum ferric chloride as a flocculating agent, wherein the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 3.0 mg/L; a pH of about 7.0; the filtration phase is carried out for 14 h and the filtration flow rate is about 10 m/h; the backwashing period lasts 10 min, the backwashing water flow rate is about 10m/h, and the backwashing air flow rate is 61.2 m³/(h·m²). The run results were as follows: the turbidity of the effluent is 0.30-0.45 NTU, and the turbidity removal rate is 97.8-98.5%.

Claims

1. A rural drinking water filtration system, characterized in that: the filtration system comprises at least two filter devices with the same structure, and the water inlets (16) at the bottom of the lower heads (15) of the two filter devices are respectively the same as the first three. The through valve is connected to the first end of the second three-way valve, the second ends of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are connected to the backwash drain pipe (24), and the first three-way valve and the third The third ends of the two three-way valves are connected with the water inlet pipe (25), the first end of the venturi pipe (26) is connected with the water inlet valve, and the second end of the venturi pipe (26) is connected with the projection of the flocculant added. The pump (27) is connected, and the third end of the venturi pipe (26) is connected with the water inlet pipe (25). And the valve (20) is connected to the clean water tank, and the backwash waste water is drained through the backwash drain pipe (24).

2. A rural drinking water filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filtering devices with the same structure all include an upper head (3), and a pipe cover is installed on the upper head (3). (1) The upward extension pipe (2), the cylinder (7) with the left discharge hole (9) and the right discharge hole (8) on both sides, the air inlet (11), and the water inlet (16) ) and the lower head (15) and support (17) of the water outlet (18);

The water outlet (18) in the lower head (15) is provided with a water blocking plate (14), and a support plate (13) equipped with a plurality of water caps (12), a supporting plate (13), a supporting plate (13) provided with a plurality of water caps (12) and a supporting plate (13) are arranged in the filter device in sequence from bottom to top. layer (10) and filter material layer (5); the drainage pipe (6) passes through the filter material layer (5), the support layer (10) and the support plate (13) from top to bottom, and is fixed on the support plate ( 13) In the center, the top of the drainage pipe (6) is provided with a bell mouth (4), and the bottom is communicated with the water inlet (16); the air inlet (11) is located on the side of the cylinder (7) on the lower side of the support plate (13).

3. A rural drinking water filtration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the plurality of water caps (12) are evenly arranged on the support plate (13), and the plurality of water caps (12) pass through threads respectively. The joint is fixed on the support plate (13).

4. A rural drinking water filtration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the left discharge hole (9) and the right discharge hole (8) are arranged on the cylinder above the support layer (10). (7) Outside.

5. A rural drinking water filtration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper head (3) is provided with an upward extension pipe (2) with a pipe cover (1) to ensure the water production capacity Exhaust in time for constant and backwash processes.

6 . The rural drinking water filtration system according to claim 2 , wherein the drainage pipe ( 6 ) is arranged in the center of the filter device, which can ensure smooth flow of incoming and outgoing water, and the pipes do not need to be bent. 7 .