CN213817705U - Amplifier circuit based on metal Hall sensor - Google Patents
Amplifier circuit based on metal Hall sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN213817705U CN213817705U CN202022054450.2U CN202022054450U CN213817705U CN 213817705 U CN213817705 U CN 213817705U CN 202022054450 U CN202022054450 U CN 202022054450U CN 213817705 U CN213817705 U CN 213817705U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an amplifier circuit based on metal hall sensor belongs to the sensor signal processing technology field in the technique of observing and controling. The amplifier circuit comprises a sensor, an amplifier, a coupler, a synchronous detector and a low-pass filter; the output end of the sensor is connected with the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the synchronous detector, and the output end of the synchronous detector is connected with the input end of the low-pass filter. The utility model has the advantages of can enlarge weak signal and improve the system SNR.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the sensor signal processing among the measurement and control technique, especially, relate to an amplifier circuit based on metal hall sensor.
Background
The Hall effect is one of the electromagnetic effects, in which carriers are deflected perpendicular to the current and the magnetic field when the current passes through a semiconductor perpendicular to the external magnetic fieldThe direction of the field will create an additional electric field, creating a potential difference across the semiconductor, which is the hall effect. The schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1. Generated Hall voltage UH＝RH*I*B/d。RHIs the Hall coefficient, determined by the material itself, I is the current, B is the magnetic field, and d is the material thickness.
The Hall coefficient of a metal material is generally smaller than that of a semiconductor, generally about 10-7, and an output signal is very small, so that the requirement on a sensitive layer process is high in order to obtain a large Hall voltage, and the requirement on an electronic system part for outputting the signal, particularly amplifier development, is also high.
The Hall sensor has the advantages of simple principle, small size, high spatial resolution, wide frequency response, large dynamic range, no need of an integrator and the like, and provides an attractive non-inductive magnetic field measurement method for a fusion reactor which operates in a steady state in the future. Although the metal-based Hall sensors have low sensitivity, in a fusion power generation system, the metal-based Hall sensors have the advantages of higher radiation hardness, high temperature resistance and the like, and become a new choice.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a: the amplifier circuit based on the metal Hall sensor can amplify weak signals and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of a system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
an amplifier circuit based on a metal Hall sensor comprises the Hall sensor, a converter, an amplifier, a coupler, a synchronous detector and a low-pass filter; the output end of the Hall sensor is connected with the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the synchronous detector, and the output end of the synchronous detector is connected with the input end of the low-pass filter.
Further, the converter comprises a first operational amplifier and a first resistor, wherein the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is used as the input end of the converter, the output end of the converter is used as the output end of the converter, the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the hall sensor, the positive phase input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier.
Furthermore, the amplifier comprises a second operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein the positive phase input end of the second operational amplifier is used as the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the second operational amplifier is used as the output end of the amplifier, the positive phase input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, one end of the second resistor is grounded, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the second operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected with the common end of the second resistor and the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier.
Furthermore, the synchronous detector comprises a third operational amplifier, a high-speed analog switch, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein one end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the coupler, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the third operational amplifier, one input end of the high-speed analog switch is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other input end of the high-speed analog switch is grounded, the output end of the high-speed analog switch is connected with the positive phase input end of the third operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the common end of the fourth resistor and the third operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier.
Furthermore, the low-pass filter comprises a sixth resistor and a capacitor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded.
Further, the coupler is an alternating current coupler.
To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the Hall sensor has the advantages of simple principle, small size, high spatial resolution, wide frequency response, large dynamic range, no need of an integrator and the like, and provides an attractive non-inductive magnetic field measurement method for a fusion reactor which operates in a steady state in the future. Although the metal-based Hall sensors have low sensitivity, in a fusion power generation system, the metal-based Hall sensors have the advantages of higher radiation hardness, high temperature resistance and the like, and become a new choice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: s1 output signal waveform, S2 driving excitation waveform, S3 direct current component signal, U1 first operational amplifier, U2 second operational amplifier, U3 third operational amplifier, U4 high-speed analog switch, R1 first resistor, R2 second resistor, R3 third resistor, R4 fourth resistor, R5 fifth resistor, R6 sixth resistor, C1 first alternating current coupler, C2 second alternating current coupler, R4 second alternating current couplerXHall sensor
Detailed Description
The features and properties of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the amplifier circuit based on the metal hall sensor of the present invention comprises a hall sensor, a converter, an amplifier, a coupler, a synchronous detector and a low-pass filter; the output end of the Hall sensor is connected with the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the synchronous detector, and the output end of the synchronous detector is connected with the input end of the low-pass filter.
When the device is applied specifically, a constant current source I is added on a metal Hall sensor and a synchronous detector together to drive an excitation waveform S2, the sensor receives a signal, a converter converts a current signal flowing through the sensor into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is output to an amplifier, the signal is amplified by the amplifier and then passes through the coupling action of an alternating current coupler, and at the moment, the excitation waveform S2 is changed into a signal waveform S1 and then enters the synchronous detector. After the signal waveform S1 and the excitation waveform S2 are subjected to same-frequency and same-phase detection by a synchronous detector, a carrier high-frequency signal is removed by a low-pass filter, and a direct-current component signal S3 is output.S3 is measured Hall potential, and then is expressed by formula UH＝RHKnown as I B/d, Hall potential UHIs proportional to the magnetic field strength B, so the magnitude of the magnetic field strength B can be calculated.
The converter of the amplifier circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a first resistor, wherein the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is used as the input end of the converter, the output end of the converter is used as the output end of the converter, the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the Hall sensor, the positive phase input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier. The role of the converter is mainly to convert the current flowing through the sensor into a voltage.
Besides, the amplifier comprises a second operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein the positive phase input end of the second operational amplifier is used as the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the second operational amplifier is used as the output end of the amplifier, the positive phase input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, one end of the second resistor is grounded, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the second operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected with the common end of the second resistor and the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier. The amplifier is a non-inverting amplifier, and the ratio of the resistance values of the third resistor and the second resistor is 1000:1, namely the amplification factor is 1000 times.
In addition, the synchronous detector comprises a third operational amplifier, a high-speed analog switch, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein one end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the coupler, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the third operational amplifier, one input end of the high-speed analog switch is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other input end of the high-speed analog switch is grounded, the output end of the high-speed analog switch is connected with the positive phase input end of the third operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the common end of the fourth resistor and the third operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier.
The low-pass filter comprises a sixth resistor and a capacitor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded. The coupler is an AC coupler.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 2, a Hall sensor R is providedXAnd three operational amplifiers, wherein the model of the first operational amplifier U1 is selected to be ADA4627-1, the offset voltage of the first operational amplifier is 120 mu V, the bias current is 1pA, the slew rate is 40V/mu s, the 0.01 percent set-up time is 550ns, and the low bias current and low offset voltage performance of the amplifier of the model make the amplifier ideal. The second operational amplifier U2 is an in-phase zero drift amplifier with model number ADA4638-1 and amplification factor of 1000 times, and its offset voltage is typically only 0.5 μ V with very small error. The first AC coupler C1 and the second AC coupler C2 have capacitance of 10uF and 100uF respectively. U3 and U4 form a synchronous detector, where U3 is an amplifier with gain of 1, model ADA4077-1, U4 is a high speed analog switch, model ADG 1419. Six resistors are provided, wherein the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 1 kilo-ohm, the resistance of the second resistor R2 is 1 kilo-ohm, the resistance of the third resistor R3 is 1 mega-ohm, the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is 1 kilo-ohm, the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is 1 kilo-ohm, and the resistance of the sixth resistor R6 is 1 kilo-ohm.
Hall sensor RXThe output end of the first amplifier U3978 is connected with the negative phase input end of the first amplifier U1 and one end of the first resistor R1, the positive phase input end of the first amplifier U1 is grounded, the other end of the first resistor R1 and the output end of the first amplifier U1 are connected with the positive phase input end of the second amplifier U2, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with one end of the third resistor R3 and the negative phase input end of the second amplifier U2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, the other end of the third resistor R3 and the output end of the second amplifier U2 are connected with one end of the first AC coupler C1, the other end of the first AC coupler C1 is connected with the SA port of the high-speed analog switch U4 and one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with one end of the fifth resistor R5 and the negative phase input end of the amplifier U3, the D port of the high-speed analog switch U4 is connected with the positive phase input end of the amplifier U3, high speed dieThe SB port of the analog switch U4 is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the output end of the third amplifier U3 are connected with one end of a sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with one end of a second alternating current coupler C2, the other end of a second alternating current coupler C2 is grounded, and the common end of the sixth resistor R6 and the second alternating current coupler C2 serves as the output end of the amplifier circuit. The first amplifier U1, the second amplifier U2, and the third amplifier U3 are each supplied with 5v voltage.
In actual operation, the control end of the high-speed analog switch U4 and the Hall sensor R are connectedXThe constant current source I is added to the receiving end of the sensor to drive the excitation waveform S2, and a converter consisting of a first amplifier U1 and a first resistor R1 flows through the Hall sensor RXThe second amplifier U2 amplifies the voltage signal by 1000 times, and then the first ac coupler performs ac coupling, and the other end of the first ac coupler forms a signal waveform S1. When the signal waveform S1 is a positive half cycle, the high-speed analog switch U4 receives a low level signal of the excitation waveform S2, controls the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier U3 to receive the signal S1, and the U3 is configured as a follower at this time, and has a gain of + 1; when the signal waveform S1 is negative half cycle, the high-speed analog switch U4 receives the high level signal of the excitation waveform S2, controls the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier U3 to be grounded, and U3 is an inverting amplifier at this time, and has a gain of-1; this is mathematically equivalent to multiplying S1 by S2. The output stages R6 and C2 form an RC low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of about 1 hz that filters out any other frequency signal, so that the output voltage is a dc signal with a magnitude equal to half the peak-to-peak voltage of the measurement square wave.
In this embodiment, the constant current source I drives the excitation waveform S2, which is a 0-10 mA constant current source, and the operating frequency is 1KHz, and the operating frequency can be increased or decreased according to the characteristics of the sensor. The synchronous detectors formed by U3 and U4 can be replaced by hardware multipliers, such as AD734 or AD 630.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an amplifier circuit based on metal hall sensor which characterized in that: the device comprises a Hall sensor, a converter, an amplifier, a coupler, a synchronous detector and a low-pass filter; the output end of the Hall sensor is connected with the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the synchronous detector, and the output end of the synchronous detector is connected with the input end of the low-pass filter.
2. The metal hall sensor based amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein: the converter comprises a first operational amplifier and a first resistor, wherein the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is used as the input end of the converter, the output end of the converter is used as the output end of the converter, the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the Hall sensor, the positive phase input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier.
3. The metal hall sensor based amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein: the amplifier comprises a second operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein the positive phase input end of the second operational amplifier is used as the input end of the amplifier, the output end of the second operational amplifier is used as the output end of the amplifier, the positive phase input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, one end of the second resistor is grounded, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the second operational amplifier, one end of the third resistor is connected with the common end of the second resistor and the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier.
4. The metal hall sensor based amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein: the synchronous detector comprises a third operational amplifier, a high-speed analog switch, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein one end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the coupler, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the negative phase input end of the third operational amplifier, one input end of the high-speed analog switch is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other input end of the high-speed analog switch is grounded, the output end of the high-speed analog switch is connected with the positive phase input end of the third operational amplifier, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the common end of the fourth resistor and the third operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier.
5. The metal hall sensor based amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein: the low-pass filter comprises a sixth resistor and a capacitor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the capacitor, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded.
6. The metal hall sensor based amplifier circuit of claim 1, wherein: the coupler is an alternating current coupler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022054450.2U CN213817705U (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Amplifier circuit based on metal Hall sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022054450.2U CN213817705U (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Amplifier circuit based on metal Hall sensor |
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| CN213817705U true CN213817705U (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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| CN202022054450.2U Active CN213817705U (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Amplifier circuit based on metal Hall sensor |
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