CN213078605U - Construction waste crushing and sorting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the field of construction engineering machinery, and particularly discloses a construction waste crushing and sorting system which comprises a rack, a crusher, a metal separation unit, a screening unit and a spray dust removal unit, wherein the crusher is arranged on the rack and used for crushing construction waste; and a screening unit is arranged below an outlet of the metal separation tank. The utility model discloses carry out the breakage to building rubbish specially, crushing efficiency is high, avoids the raise dust, adopts the extrusion formula broken, and noise pollution is little, can realize retrieving recycling with usable stereoplasm aggregate building rubbish on the spot, has avoided building the sediment to transport, manpower and materials such as landfill input, reduces the pollution to the environment.

Description

Construction waste crushing and sorting system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an engineering machine tool and system field especially relate to building engineering construction machinery and processing apparatus and system field, concretely relates to broken system of selecting separately of building rubbish.

Background

The building industry is an important and indispensable industry for urban construction in China, along with the increasing requirements of people on living environment, the prevention and treatment measures of governments on environmental pollution are more and more strict, for the building industry, strict control is performed before construction, during construction and after construction, and strict requirements are placed on dumping treatment of building wastes and control of construction dust.

Present building construction building site or fitment building site, what can't avoid beats the demolish to the wall body in the original frame construction to make the fitment of building accord with people's own design aesthetic more, more abundant current space of utilization. However, the existing wall demolition construction waste is generally composed of hollow bricks, concrete bodies and mortar solidified layers, and a small amount of steel bars may be arranged inside the wall demolition construction waste. Because the components in the demolished construction waste are more and the texture hardness is different, the most common treatment method is to pour the construction waste in bags. And finally, the residential property or the construction side is intensively transferred and dumped to municipal appointed unified dumping landfill points for centralized treatment. However, no matter the construction site is a centralized construction project site or an indoor decoration site, the construction slag is used for landfill, the construction waste is recycled, the waste is changed into valuable, the work of clearing, transporting and landfill of the construction waste is omitted, meanwhile, the self digestion of the construction waste is realized, and the urban construction waste treatment burden is reduced.

The existing crusher can be divided into two types according to different applicable crushing grain sizes: the first type is used for crushing large coarse materials, and plane circular extrusion type instruments are adopted under the complicated and severe crushing working condition; the second type is used for refining and crushing small particle sizes, although the structure of the crusher is different, the crusher is provided with a mesh screen, when the particle size of the crushed coarse aggregate is smaller than that of the mesh screen, the crushed coarse aggregate passes through the mesh screen, otherwise, the crushed coarse aggregate is continuously and repeatedly crushed in the crusher. Based on different use environments and purposes, the crushing efficiency of the construction waste by adopting the conventional crusher is low. The method is characterized in that the repeatedly recycled construction waste is used for road beds or landfill of toilets in indoor decoration, only particles with proper particle size and hard texture are needed, and the particle size is not required to have higher uniformity; if the construction waste is not crushed, the volume of the construction waste is too large, and a mortar fixed layer with low texture and hardness is mixed with the construction waste, so that the construction quality after construction is seriously influenced. Based on the above, the construction waste special for the construction site is needed to be primarily crushed, so that the construction waste with different hardness can be separated, and concrete bodies and brick gravel with higher hardness can be primarily crushed and recycled; and (4) pulverizing and removing the mortar curing layer with lower hardness.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the existing problems that the workload of brick and tile construction waste transportation landfill treatment generated in the existing construction site or decoration site is large, and the secondary utilization efficiency is low when the existing crusher is used for crushing, the application provides a construction waste crushing and sorting system which is specially used for carrying out concentrated crushing on the existing construction waste mainly for wall body dismantling and sorting the crushed metal and nonmetal; sorting is carried out according to different nonmetal particle sizes, secondary landfill use of hard aggregate is achieved, the purposes of more utilization, less transportation, less treatment and less landfill are achieved, the demand of construction sites for basic gravel is further reduced, and meanwhile the damage and pollution of construction waste to urban environment are reduced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

a construction waste crushing and sorting system comprises a rack, a crusher, a metal separation unit, a screening unit and a spray dust removal unit, wherein the crusher is installed on the rack and used for crushing construction waste, the metal separation unit comprises a metal separation groove installed below the crusher, and both side walls of the metal separation groove are provided with permanent magnets or electromagnets; a screening unit is arranged below an outlet of the metal separation tank;

the screening unit comprises a vibrating screen for screening the crushed construction waste and a gravel groove arranged below the vibrating screen, wherein the gravel groove extends along the length direction of the vibrating screen and is stopped at a position 80-100cm away from the end head of the tail end of the vibrating screen;

the spray dust removal unit is including setting up a plurality of atomizers that spray on the breaker to and communicate a plurality of atomizing pipes that spray the atomizers, the atomizing pipe will set up the water in the catch basin of frame bottom through pressure pump and spray through spraying the atomizer.

The metal separation groove is arranged in an S shape or an irregular curve. When the construction waste after the crushing passes through the metal separating tank arranged by the S-shaped or irregular curve, the metal components mixed in the inside are mainly adsorbed on the metal separating tank by the small-section steel bars, and the metal recycling effect is achieved.

The crusher structure comprises a shell, a feeding cover and a discharge chute, wherein the feeding cover is integrally arranged on the shell and used for guiding construction waste to be crushed into the shell and is provided with an upward expansion opening, the discharge chute is arranged below the shell and used for guiding out the crushed construction waste, and two-stage crushing mechanisms are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the shell from top to bottom and are respectively a primary crushing mechanism for crushing coarse materials and a secondary crushing mechanism for crushing fine materials; the first-stage crushing mechanism and the second-stage crushing mechanism both comprise a plurality of crushers which form mutual extrusion action on the construction waste, and a driving device which is connected with the crushers in a driving mode. Building rubbish gets into the casing through the pan feeding cover, carries out broken back through one-level crushing mechanism and second grade crushing mechanism in proper order, drops under the effect of gravity and is used for the subsequent handling to use in the blown down tank. The one-level crushing mechanism is used for carrying out one-level crushing on the construction waste, the construction waste volume can be compatible with the larger construction waste volume, the construction waste after crushing still can not be directly used for backfilling, and then the construction waste naturally drops into the two-level crushing mechanism for further crushing, so that the finally obtained construction waste particle size meets the backfilling use requirement. It is worth mentioning that: the particle size of the construction waste crushed by the first-stage crushing mechanism and the second-stage crushing mechanism can be set according to the actual project requirement, and due to the grading crushing, the power input of the crusher can be greatly reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the structural material strength requirement of the crushing mechanism can be reduced, and the service life can be prolonged; compared with the design idea of one-time ultimate crushing of the existing crusher, the crushing efficiency, energy conservation, emission reduction and service life are obviously improved.

Preferably, the primary crushing mechanism comprises three crushers rotatably mounted in parallel to the housing, and first driving means for driving the crushers at both sides, respectively. The breakers that are located both sides are driven respectively through first drive arrangement for the breakers of both sides are initiative breakage, and middle breaker is driven breakage, adopts this kind of setting to the great building rubbish of size, through the broken vibration of both sides asynchronism, can make the building rubbish fracture by the efficient, and extrudees the breakage between two adjacent breakers, compares in efficiency in that single initiative breaker will be high a lot. A single initiative knapper can realize quick effective breakage when dealing with the less building rubbish of size, but when the building rubbish size has reached or even surpassed the distance that can span two knappers, then two adjacent knappers just can not form effectual impact and extrusion to building rubbish for building rubbish freely rolls or removes or beats on the knapper, but cracked time cycle will obviously prolong. When adopting two rotatory breakers of initiative, because rotatory inconsistent, the impact that applies the building rubbish of big size is unbalanced for building rubbish breaks into a plurality of fritters in the twinkling of an eye, and is extruded, assaulted the breakage by two adjacent breakers rapidly, thereby reaches high-efficient broken technological effect.

Preferably, said secondary crushing mechanism comprises three said crushers rotatably mounted in parallel to the housing, and a second drive means for driving the one crusher located in the middle. The secondary crushing mechanism can also adopt a structure such as a primary crushing mechanism, but the structure has the advantages of high crushing efficiency and high energy consumption because two sets of second driving devices are required for driving. Set up a cracker in the middle into initiative cracker, then also can realize two liang of two effective broken structures of formation of two adjacent crackers simultaneously, efficiency can not receive obvious influence, but can save about 50% in the aspect of the energy resource consumption for the cost input is lower. Because the processing object of second grade crushing mechanism is the building rubbish after the processing of first grade crushing mechanism, its volume has been less relatively, broken degree of difficulty greatly reduced, adopts the cracker that sets up in the middle of being enough to satisfy actual demand. However, it should be noted that the breakers connected to the second driving device cannot be installed on both sides, otherwise, the breakers on the opposite side cannot form an effective breaking structure with the adjacent breakers, and cannot impact and extrude the construction waste effectively, so that a breaking blind area is formed, and the breaking efficiency is extremely low.

Preferably, the crusher consists of a main shaft which is rotatably connected to the shell and a plurality of pieces which are uniformly arranged on the main shaft;

the crusher connected with the first driving device and/or the second driving device consists of crushing blocks and a main shaft which are fixedly connected with each other; the knapper with two ends only rotationally connected with the shell consists of broken pieces and a main shaft which are fixedly or rotationally connected with each other. Namely, any breaker can be formed by adopting a mode of fixedly connecting broken pieces and a main shaft; but the crushing blocks and the corresponding main shaft of the driven crusher can be alternatively connected in a fixed way or a rotating way, so that the arrangement has the advantages that: because the crushers positioned at two sides in the first-stage crushing mechanism are in driving connection with the first driving device, the crushers serve as the task of active crushing; a crusher positioned in the middle of the secondary crushing mechanism is in driving connection with a second driving device and belongs to an active property; the breakers on both sides are of a driven nature. By last difficult discovery, the breaker that has driven attribute that lies in the centre among the broken mechanism of one-level receives the breaker that has the initiative attribute of both sides simultaneously to influence, in addition, at actual crushing in-process, the motion and the impact of building rubbish in crushing in-process are unordered, consequently adopt to rotate the main shaft that will have the breaker of driven attribute and broken piece to be connected, can adapt to actual broken operating mode more, and crushing effect is better.

Preferably, a reinforcing side wall for forming an extrusion structure with the crusher is arranged at a position, corresponding to the crusher, of the inner wall of the shell, and a first arc-shaped groove and a second arc-shaped groove are respectively arranged at positions, corresponding to the first-stage crushing mechanism and the second-stage crushing mechanism, on the reinforcing side wall; the radian of the first arc-shaped groove and the second arc-shaped groove is adapted to the maximum rotating outer diameter of the adjacent knapper. Add and strengthen the lateral wall and set up first arc wall and second arc wall on strengthening the lateral wall and be the effective extrusion of breaker formation that prevents bulky building rubbish to do not have and lie in both sides when being close to the casing, lead to forming broken blind area, also can avoid appearing the jamming simultaneously.

Preferably, regulators are further arranged at the joints of the two ends of the breakers close to the two sides in the secondary crushing mechanism and the shell; the adjuster comprises a base used for abutting against the circumferential side wall of the end head of the main shaft of the crusher, the shell is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw rod, and a spring group which is located between the base and the adjusting screw rod and is in a compression state all the time is arranged in the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod.

Further preferably, the spring group is composed of a first spring and a second spring which are coaxially nested; and the adjusting screw rod is also provided with a locking nut for preventing the adjusting screw rod from loosening. The locking nut has the function of keeping the adjusting screw rod at a fixed position relative to the shell all the time, so that the stress exerted on the base by the spring set is constant all the time. The regulator is arranged to be used for overcoming the force of the spring group to horizontally move towards the direction far away from the adjacent breakers by the main shafts of the breakers on two sides when the hardness of the construction waste is extremely high and the power required by the breaking exceeds the maximum output power of the second driving device in the matched secondary breaking mechanism, so that the original breaking gap is increased, and the adverse consequence that the second driving device is jammed or even burnt is avoided. The maximum stress of the spring set should be matched with the maximum output power of the second driving device to prevent the occurrence of the clamping stagnation when the regulator adjusts the stress to the maximum, and the specific matching value can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions, and will not be described in detail herein as it belongs to the common general knowledge.

Preferably, the fragments are uniformly distributed by a plurality of convex teeth and other central angles, each convex tooth is provided with a convex edge which is farthest away from the center of the fragments in the plane of the crushing block, and a concave edge which is farthest away from the center of the crushing block is arranged between every two adjacent convex teeth; along the working rotating direction of the crushing block, the concave edges and the convex edges form a working arc surface for extruding the construction waste.

In order to further reduce the dust generated in the crushing process and cause the dust to pollute the air, preferably, the feeding cover is further provided with a plurality of spraying atomizers, and any one of the spraying atomizers is communicated with each other through an atomizing pipe.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses carry out the breakage to building rubbish specially, saved the mesh screen, adopted two-stage breakage, realize that crushing efficiency is high, spray from the area, avoid the raise dust; the extrusion type crushing is adopted, the noise pollution is small, the recycling of usable hard aggregate building garbage can be realized on the spot, the manpower and material resource investment such as building slag transferring and landfill is avoided, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is an isometric view of a crusher;

FIG. 6 is a rear view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the section line B-B in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the structure of region A in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along section C-C in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the broken fragment structure.

In the figure: 1-feeding a material cover; 2-a shell; 3-a discharge chute; 4-a disruptor; 5-a first drive; 6-a first-stage crushing mechanism; 7-a secondary crushing mechanism; 8-a second drive; 9-an atomizing pipe; 10-spray atomizer; 11-a regulator; 12-reinforcing the side walls; 13-a first arc-shaped slot; 14-a second arc-shaped slot; 15-a metal separation tank; 16-a vibrating screen; 17-a gravel trough; 18-a striker plate; 19-a pressure pump; 20-a water storage tank; 21-a frame; 41-breaking the fragments; 42-a main shaft;

111-adjusting screw; 112-a locking nut; 113-a first spring; 114-a second spring; 115-a base;

411-fins; 412-concave edges; 413-working arc surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, the description is only for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description herein are only used for distinguishing between similar elements and are not intended to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present application do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1:

the construction waste crushing and sorting system shown in the attached drawings 1-4 in the specification comprises a rack 21, a crusher, a metal separation unit, a screening unit and a spray dust removal unit, wherein the crusher is installed on the rack 21 and used for crushing construction waste, the metal separation unit comprises a metal separation groove 15 installed below the crusher, and both side walls of the metal separation groove 15 are provided with permanent magnets or electromagnets; a screening unit is arranged below the outlet of the metal separation groove 15;

the screening unit comprises a vibrating screen 16 for screening the crushed construction waste and a gravel groove 17 installed below the vibrating screen 16, wherein the gravel groove 17 extends along the length direction of the vibrating screen 16 and ends at a position 100cm away from the end head of the tail end of the vibrating screen 16; the length of the vibrating screen 16 is set to be longer than that of the gravel groove 17, so that the screened coarse gravel and fine gravel are respectively collected, and the effects of recycling waste and changing waste into valuables are achieved. The coarse gravel is mainly used for backfilling in building construction, such as outdoor roadbed concrete backfilling or indoor toilet decoration backfilling. The fine gravel can be used as a base material of an unstressed cast-in-place component of a construction site, and the recycling of construction waste and construction waste residue is realized.

The spraying dust removal unit comprises a plurality of spraying atomizers 10 arranged on the crusher and an atomizing pipe 9 communicated with the plurality of spraying atomizers 10, wherein the atomizing pipe 9 sprays water in a water storage tank 20 arranged at the bottom of the rack 21 through the spraying atomizers 10 through a pressure pump 19.

The metal separation groove 15 is arranged in an S shape or an irregular curve. When the construction waste after being crushed passes through the S-shaped or irregular curve-arranged metal separation groove 15, the metal components mixed in the interior are mainly adsorbed on the metal separation groove 15 by the small-section steel bars, so that the metal recycling effect is realized.

Has the advantages that: the construction waste crushing and sorting system provided by the embodiment uses the existing demolished construction wall as a main raw material for crushing, and recycles the metal steel bars, hard coarse gravel or coarse aggregate, and soft fine gravel; raise dust can be effectually avoided through spraying the dust removal unit in crushing process, the pollution of building site dust to the environment has been avoided. The construction waste is crushed and recycled in situ, and series problems such as transfer time, cost input and environmental pollution caused by secondary transfer treatment of most construction waste are solved.

Example 2:

the construction waste crushing and sorting system disclosed by the combined specification 5-8 structurally comprises a shell 2, a feeding cover 1 and a discharge chute 3, wherein the feeding cover 1 is integrally arranged on the shell 2 and used for guiding construction waste to be crushed into the shell 2 and is provided with an upward expansion opening, the discharge chute 3 is arranged below the shell 2 and used for guiding the crushed construction waste out, and two stages of crushing mechanisms, namely a primary crushing mechanism 6 for crushing coarse materials and a secondary crushing mechanism 7 for crushing fine materials, are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the shell 2 from top to bottom; the first-stage crushing mechanism 6 and the second-stage crushing mechanism 7 both comprise a plurality of crushers 4 which can extrude the construction waste mutually, and a driving device which is connected with the crushers 4 in a driving mode.

The working principle and the process are as follows:

when carrying out the breakage, at first, building rubbish passes through pan feeding cover 1 and gets into casing 2, carries out the broken back through one-level crushing mechanism 6 and second grade crushing mechanism 7 in proper order, drops under the effect of gravity and is used for the subsequent handling to use in blown down tank 3. The one-level crushing mechanism 6 is used for carrying out one-level crushing on the construction waste, the construction waste volume can be compatible with the larger construction waste volume, the construction waste after crushing still can not be directly used for backfilling, and then the construction waste naturally drops into the two-level crushing mechanism 7 for further crushing, so that the finally obtained construction waste particle size meets the backfilling use requirement. It is worth mentioning that: the particle size of the construction waste crushed by the first-stage crushing mechanism 6 and the second-stage crushing mechanism 7 can be set according to the actual project requirement, and due to the graded crushing, the power input of the crusher can be greatly reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the structural material strength requirement of the crushing mechanism can be reduced, and the service life can be prolonged; compared with the design idea of one-time ultimate crushing of the existing crusher, the crushing efficiency, energy conservation, emission reduction and service life are obviously improved.

Example 3:

as a preferred embodiment of example 2, the primary crushing mechanism 6 and the secondary crushing mechanism 7 are optimized separately, specifically, in combination with the structures shown in fig. 5 to 8 and fig. 10 to 12, specifically:

the primary crushing mechanism 6 comprises three crushers 4 rotatably mounted in parallel to the housing 2, and first driving means 5 for driving the crushers 4 on both sides, respectively. Drive the cracker 4 that is located both sides respectively through first drive arrangement 5 for the cracker 4 of both sides is the initiative breakage, and middle cracker 4 is driven breakage, adopts this kind of setting to the great building rubbish of size, through the not synchronous broken vibration of both sides, can make the building rubbish fracture by the efficient, and the extrusion is broken between two adjacent crackers 4, compares in efficiency in that single initiative cracker 4 will be high a lot. Single initiative knapper 4 can realize quick effective breakage when handling the less building rubbish of size, but when the building rubbish size has reached or even surpassed can span the distance of two knappers 4, then two adjacent knappers 4 just can not form effectual impact and extrusion to building rubbish for building rubbish freely rolls or removes or beats on knapper 4, but cracked time cycle will obviously prolong. When adopting two rotatory breakers 4 of initiative, because rotatory inconsistent, the impact that applies the building rubbish of big size is unbalanced for building rubbish breaks into a plurality of fritters in the twinkling of an eye, and is extruded, assaulted breakage by two adjacent breakers 4 rapidly, thereby reaches high-efficient broken technological effect.

In the present embodiment, the two-stage crushing mechanism 7 includes three crushers 4 rotatably mounted in parallel to the housing 2, and a second driving device 8 for driving the one crusher 4 located in the middle. The secondary crushing mechanism 7 can also adopt a structure such as the primary crushing mechanism 6, but the structure has the advantages of high crushing efficiency and high energy consumption because two sets of second driving devices 8 are required for driving. Set up one breaker 4 in the middle into initiative breaker 4, then also can realize two liang of two effective broken structures of formation of two adjacent breakers 4 simultaneously, efficiency can not receive obvious influence, but can save about 50% in the aspect of energy consumption for the cost input is lower. Because the processing object of second grade crushing mechanism 7 is the building rubbish after the processing of first grade crushing mechanism 6, its volume has been less relatively, broken degree of difficulty greatly reduced, adopts a cracker 4 that sets up in the middle of being enough to satisfy actual demand. However, it should be noted that the breakers 4 connected to the second driving device 8 cannot be installed on both sides, otherwise, the breakers 4 on the opposite side cannot form an effective breaking structure with the adjacent breakers 4, and cannot effectively impact and extrude the construction waste to form a dead zone, so that the breaking efficiency is extremely low.

In the embodiment, the crusher 4 comprises a main shaft 42 rotatably connected to the housing 2 and a plurality of crushing pieces 41 uniformly arranged on the main shaft 42; the crusher 4 connected with the first drive 5 and/or the second drive 8 consists of a crushing block 41 and a main shaft 42 fixedly connected with each other; the crusher 4, whose two ends are only rotatably connected to the housing 2, consists of a crushing block 41 and a main shaft 42, which are fixedly or rotatably connected to each other. Namely, any breaker can be formed by fixedly connecting the broken block 41 and the main shaft 42; however, the crushing blocks 41 and the corresponding main shaft 42 of the driven crusher 4 can alternatively be connected in a fixed or rotating manner, which has the advantage that: because the crushers 4 positioned at two sides in the first-stage crushing mechanism 6 are in driving connection with the first driving device 5, the crushers serve as the task of active crushing; the crusher 4 positioned in the middle of the secondary crushing mechanism 7 is in driving connection with a second driving device 8 and belongs to the active property; the breakers 4 on both sides are of a driven nature. By last difficult discovery, the knapper 4 that has driven attribute that lies in the middle of among the broken mechanism 6 of one-level receives the knapper 4 that has active attribute of both sides simultaneously to influence, and in addition, at the broken in-process of reality, the motion and the impact of building rubbish in broken in-process are unordered, consequently adopt to rotate main shaft 42 and the broken piece 41 of the knapper 4 that will have driven attribute and be connected, can adapt to actual broken operating mode more, crushing effect is better. A reinforced side wall 12 which is used for forming an extrusion structure with the crusher 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 2 corresponding to the crusher 4, and a first arc-shaped groove 13 and a second arc-shaped groove 14 are respectively arranged on the reinforced side wall 12 corresponding to the first-stage crushing mechanism 6 and the second-stage crushing mechanism 7; the arc of the first and second arc-shaped grooves 13, 14 is adapted to the maximum outer diameter of rotation of the adjacent breaker 4. Add and strengthen lateral wall 12 and set up first arc wall 13 and second arc wall 14 on strengthening lateral wall 12 and be further to prevent that bulky building rubbish from not having when being close to casing 2 and being located the breaker 4 of both sides and forming effectual extrusion, lead to forming broken blind area, also can avoid appearing the jamming simultaneously.

Example 4:

in this embodiment, which is a preferred embodiment of the present application and is one of the most inventive innovations in the crusher of the present application, on the basis of embodiment 2, further referring to fig. 5 to 12 in the specification, the two ends of the crusher 4 near the two sides of the secondary crushing mechanism 7 are further provided with adjusters at the joints of the shells 2; the adjuster comprises a base 115 for abutting against the circumferential side wall of the end of the main shaft 42 of the breaker 4, the housing 2 is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw 111, and a spring set is arranged in the axial direction of the adjusting screw 111, between the base 115 and the adjusting screw 111, in a compressed state at all times.

In this embodiment, the spring set is composed of a first spring 113 and a second spring 114 which are coaxially nested; the adjusting screw 111 is further provided with a lock nut 112 for preventing the adjusting screw 111 from loosening. The function of the locking nut 112 is to keep the adjusting screw 111 in a fixed position with respect to the housing 2 at all times, so that the stress exerted by the spring pack on the base 115 is always constant. The function of the regulator is that when the hardness of the construction waste is extremely high and the power required by the crushing exceeds the maximum output power of the second driving device 8 in the matched secondary crushing mechanism 7, the main shafts 42 of the crushers 4 positioned on two sides horizontally move in the direction far away from the adjacent crushers 4 against the force of the spring set so as to increase the original crushing gap and avoid the occurrence of the adverse consequence of jamming and even burning the second driving device 8. The maximum stress of the spring set should be matched with the maximum output power of the second driving device 8 to prevent the occurrence of the clamping stagnation when the regulator adjusts the stress to the maximum, and the specific matching value can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions, and will not be described in detail herein as it belongs to the common general knowledge.

Experiment 1: the minimum clearance between two adjacent crushers 4 of the secondary crushing mechanism 7 is 5mm, the maximum clearance is 25mm, the second driving device 8 is driven by a motor with the rated power of 5kw, the speed reduction ratio is 25:1, and the rated rotating speed is 2880 r/min. Replacing the spring pack with metal rods of equal length so that the fragmenter 4 cannot be displaced relative to the housing 2; an irregular metal body with a maximum diameter of 30mm is placed in the secondary crushing mechanism 7, as a result of which jamming occurs, the motor speed is 0 and automatic protective tripping occurs.

Experiment 2: on the basis of experiment 1, the structure is kept unchanged, the motor parameters adopted by the second driving device 8 are unchanged, and only the metal rod is taken out, the spring is assembled, and the maximum displacement allowance of 8mm is kept after the spring group is installed; it should be noted that the margin for avoiding the movement of the main shaft 42, which is set on the housing 2, needs to be larger than the maximum displacement margin set by the spring set, which is not shown in the drawings due to shielding, but is obvious to those skilled in the art, and is not described in detail in this embodiment.

And similarly, the irregular metal body with the maximum diameter of 30mm is placed into the secondary crushing mechanism 7, the motor is not blocked, and the metal body successfully passes through the secondary crushing mechanism 7.

The experiment 1-2 shows that the addition of the regulator can avoid the situation that due to accidental large diameter and high-hardness objects, the breakage efficiency is reduced or the motor is burnt due to automatic tripping protection of the motor, and the like, because the high-hardness objects cannot be broken.

As a further innovation of this embodiment, the broken pieces 41 are uniformly distributed by a plurality of central angles such as convex teeth, each convex tooth has a convex rib 411 which is farthest from the center of the broken piece 41 along the plane of the broken piece 41, and a concave edge 412 which is farthest from the center of the broken piece 41 is arranged between two adjacent convex teeth; in the working rotation direction of the crushing block 41, the concave ridge 412 and the convex ridge 411 form a working arc 413 for extruding construction waste. Based on the brittle characteristics of current construction waste, the advantage of adopting above-mentioned structure to set up lies in, work cambered surface 413 is to the extrusion that forms progressive formula to construction waste to impact in the non-twinkling of an eye, so not only can obtain good crushing effect, simultaneously, the noise of crushing process is less than current impact type breakage and is a lot of, greatly reduced the noise pollution in the work progress.

In order to further reduce dust generated in the crushing process and cause dust pollution to air, preferably, a plurality of spraying atomizers 10 are further arranged on the feeding cover 1, and any one of the spraying atomizers 10 is communicated with each other through an atomizing pipe 9. Because can produce the dust among the crushing process, and the raise dust is first crushing mechanism 6 promptly most concentrated, sets up on pan feeding cover 1 and sprays atomizer 10 and can effectively block the raise dust, can bring unnecessary moisture into second grade crushing mechanism 7 along the building rubbish simultaneously, further wets the building rubbish, suppresses or even eliminates the raise dust pollution.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a building rubbish breakage sorting system, includes frame (21), installs the breaker in frame (21) to and metal separation unit, screening unit and spray dust removal unit, its characterized in that:

the metal separation unit comprises a metal separation groove (15) arranged below the crusher, and both side walls of the metal separation groove (15) are provided with permanent magnets or electromagnets; a screening unit is arranged below an outlet of the metal separation groove (15);

the screening unit comprises a vibrating screen (16) for screening the crushed construction waste and a gravel groove (17) installed below the vibrating screen (16), wherein the gravel groove (17) extends along the length direction of the vibrating screen (16) and ends at a position 80-100cm away from the end of the tail end of the vibrating screen (16);

the spraying and dust removing unit comprises a plurality of spraying atomizers (10) arranged on the crusher and an atomizing pipe (9) communicated with the plurality of spraying atomizers (10), wherein the atomizing pipe (9) sprays water arranged in a water storage tank (20) at the bottom of the rack (21) through the spraying atomizers (10) through a pressure pump (19).

2. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 1, wherein: the metal separation groove (15) is arranged in an S shape or an irregular curve.

3. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the crusher comprises a shell (2), a feeding cover (1) and a discharge chute (3), wherein the feeding cover (1) is integrally arranged on the shell (2) and used for guiding construction waste to be crushed into the shell (2) and is provided with an upward expansion opening, the discharge chute (3) is arranged below the shell (2) and used for guiding out the crushed construction waste, and two stages of crushing mechanisms are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the shell (2) from top to bottom and are respectively a primary crushing mechanism (6) for crushing coarse materials and a secondary crushing mechanism (7) for crushing fine materials; the primary crushing mechanism (6) and the secondary crushing mechanism (7) respectively comprise a plurality of crushers (4) which can extrude the construction waste mutually and a driving device which is connected with the crushers (4) in a driving mode.

4. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 3, wherein: the primary crushing mechanism (6) comprises three crushers (4) which are rotatably arranged on the shell (2) in parallel and a first driving device (5) which is used for respectively driving the crushers (4) positioned at two sides.

5. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 4, wherein: the secondary crushing mechanism (7) comprises three crushers (4) which are rotatably mounted on the housing (2) in parallel, and a second driving device (8) for driving the crusher (4) located in the middle.

6. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 5, wherein: the crusher (4) comprises a main shaft (42) which is rotationally connected to the shell (2) and a plurality of crushed pieces (41) which are uniformly arranged on the main shaft (42);

the crusher (4) connected with the first driving device (5) and/or the second driving device (8) consists of crushing blocks (41) and a main shaft (42) which are fixedly connected with each other; the crusher (4) with two ends only rotationally connected with the shell (2) consists of crushing blocks (41) and a main shaft (42) which are fixedly or rotationally connected with each other.

7. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 6, wherein: a reinforced side wall (12) which is used for forming an extrusion structure with the crusher (4) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the crusher (4), of the inner wall of the shell (2), and a first arc-shaped groove (13) and a second arc-shaped groove (14) are respectively arranged at the positions, corresponding to the first-stage crushing mechanism (6) and the second-stage crushing mechanism (7), on the reinforced side wall (12); the radian of the first arc-shaped groove (13) and the second arc-shaped groove (14) is adapted to the maximum rotating outer diameter of the adjacent knapper (4).

8. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 7, wherein: regulators are further arranged at the joints of the two ends of the breakers (4) close to the two sides in the secondary crushing mechanism (7) and the shell (2); the adjuster comprises a base (115) used for abutting against the circumferential side wall of the end of the main shaft (42) of the crusher (4), the shell (2) is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw rod (111), and a spring set which is located between the base (115) and the adjusting screw rod (111) and is in a compression state all the time is arranged along the axial direction of the adjusting screw rod (111).

9. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 8, wherein: the spring group is composed of a first spring (113) and a second spring (114) which are coaxially nested; and the adjusting screw rod (111) is also provided with a locking nut (112) for preventing the adjusting screw rod (111) from loosening.

10. The construction waste crushing and sorting system according to claim 6, wherein: the broken fragments (41) are uniformly distributed by a plurality of convex teeth and other central angles, each convex tooth is provided with a convex rib (411) which is farthest away from the center of the broken fragments (41) in the plane of the broken fragments (41), and a concave edge (412) which is farthest away from the center of the broken fragments (41) is arranged between every two adjacent convex teeth; along the working rotation direction of the broken fragments (41), the concave ribs (412) and the convex ribs (411) form a working arc surface (413) for extruding construction waste.

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