Background
The damping and shock-isolating device is mainly used in the field of damping and shock-isolating of building engineering structures and comprises a laminated rubber support, a lead core rubber support, a sliding friction type damping and shock-isolating support, an elastic-plastic damping energy-consuming steel damper, a viscous fluid damper, a viscoelastic damper, a magnetorheological damper and the like. Because a single damper has the using defects, the existing two or more seismic isolation and reduction methods are combined and applied, the advantages and the disadvantages are promoted, the functions of different seismic isolation and reduction devices are fully exerted, and the development trend of the structural seismic isolation and reduction devices is shown.
The common viscoelastic damper has the characteristics of simple structure, excellent performance, low manufacturing cost, good durability and the like. However, the viscoelastic damper provides a limited damping force, has a small capacity of dissipating seismic energy, is difficult to meet the requirements of practical engineering, and needs to be used in cooperation with other damping devices. For example, metal dampers are dampers that are currently considered to be more reliable, stable, and familiar to engineering designers. The principle of action of the metal damper is that metal has good hysteresis characteristics after entering a plastic state and absorbs a large amount of energy in the elastic-plastic hysteresis deformation process. Under the action of earthquake, the metal damper yields before the main structure, and consumes energy input into the structure by earthquake, thereby achieving the purpose of lightening the earthquake response of the structure. Common metal dampers are lead dampers and mild steel dampers. The lead damper utilizes the characteristics of high plasticity, high density, low melting point, good lubricating property, corrosion resistance, low strength and the like of lead, has good flexibility and ductility, can absorb a large amount of energy in the deformation process, and has good deformation tracking capability. Lead deforms at room temperature, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization processes can occur simultaneously, and strain hardening disappears through the recovery and recrystallization processes, so that the lead has excellent fatigue resistance. However, lead dampers do not provide good initial stiffness because lead itself is soft, and lead has problems of difficult soldering and environmental pollution.
The soft steel damper is an energy-consuming and shock-absorbing device which is formed by utilizing the characteristic that steel or steel pipes are subjected to elastic-plastic deformation to absorb energy under the action of an earthquake and matching with a corresponding structure. The damper has the advantages of clear damping mechanism, obvious effect, relatively simple structure, economy and durability, no limitation of the height and the plane form of a building structure in use, simple and safe material acquisition, capability of being used by new and old buildings and popularization and application in recent years. However, the steel pipe cannot provide good vertical rigidity and vertical bearing capacity, so that buckling instability is easy to occur under the action of an earthquake, and the steel pipe is usually used as an auxiliary component of a structure.
Wherein, the defects of the damper are as follows: (1) because most of the metal materials are metal with low yield point, the performance is unstable after yielding, and the energy consumption effect is greatly reduced; (2) the difference between the mechanical properties of the metal damper in the plane and the mechanical properties of the metal damper in the plane is large, and even the metal damper out of the plane is a key factor causing the damper to fail, so that the advantages of the metal damper cannot be fully exerted, and the anti-seismic and shock-absorbing effects are poor. (3) The lead extrusion type damper cannot provide a good initial stiffness, and lead has problems of difficulty in soldering and environmental pollution during processing.
With the development and application of energy dissipation and shock absorption technology, the problems of metal dampers are solved, the advantages of the metal dampers are utilized and exerted, based on the idea of common energy consumption of multiple energy consumption modes, the existing dampers and shock insulation devices are used in a combined mode, the advantages of the dampers can be exerted on the premise of meeting the shock insulation and shock absorption of the structure, the shortcomings of the dampers are avoided, and the dampers with high energy consumption efficiency and stable performance are urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the technical problem, the utility model provides a metal and range upon range of attenuator of combined material can adopt two kinds of power consumption structures to consume energy jointly, and the power consumption is efficient, realizes multiple material collaborative work, makes attenuator power consumption effect reach the best.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a metal and range upon range of attenuator of combined material, include the tubular metal resonator, be located the connecting piece at tubular metal resonator both ends respectively, two all be equipped with the recess on the connecting piece, the end fixing of tubular metal resonator is sealed to be established in the recess, the tubular metal resonator intussuseption is filled with a plurality of viscoelastic material layers and a plurality of rigid material layer, viscoelastic material layer with the rigid material layer is alternately interval arrangement from top to bottom in proper order.
Preferably, the viscoelastic material layer contains one or more of asphalt, water-soluble substances, latex or epoxy resin.
Preferably, the rigid material layer is a steel plate or a composite material plate, and the composite material plate is an FPR plate, a PC plate or a PVC plate.
Preferably, the metal pipe is a hyperbolic pipe, the wall thickness of the hyperbolic pipe gradually increases from the middle of the hyperbolic pipe to the two ends of the hyperbolic pipe, and the cross section of the outer wall of the hyperbolic pipe is arranged in a hyperbolic shape.
Preferably, the hyperbolic pipe comprises an integrally formed pipe body and straight cylindrical end parts arranged at two ends of the pipe body, and the shapes of the straight cylindrical end parts are matched with the grooves.
Preferably, the inner wall of the hyperbolic pipe is in a straight cylinder shape, the middle part of the hyperbolic pipe is a middle energy consumption section, and the outer wall of the middle energy consumption section of the hyperbolic pipe is in a relative inverse parabolic shape.
As a preferred scheme, the metal pipe is a stainless steel pipe, a common carbon steel pipe or a copper pipe; the interface of the metal tube is circular, oval, square, rectangular or polygonal.
Preferably, two ends of the metal pipe can be respectively fixedly connected into the grooves by welding; or tapping the connecting piece and threading the metal pipe.
As the preferred scheme, the connecting piece is a concave connecting end plate, and the concave connecting end plate is provided with a connecting hole.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the metal pipe and penetrates through the viscoelastic material layers and the rigid material layers up and down, and a lead core is filled in the through hole.
Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a attenuator can full play metal damper's advantage to utilize viscoelastic material layer and rigid material to come the excellent mechanical properties of tubular metal resonator and power consumption ability and viscoelastic material layer and the characteristics of rigid material layer to combine, the power consumption of joint cooperation has guaranteed the power consumption ability and the stability of attenuator, improves the shock attenuation effect of combatting earthquake.
The utility model discloses a metal and the range upon range of attenuator of combined material utilizes the connecting piece sealing connection at metal pipe and both ends, with the crisscross metal tube intracavity of filling between two connecting pieces about viscoelastic material layer and the rigid material layer in proper order, utilizes the plastic deformation power consumption of the extrusion deformation of viscoelastic material layer and rigid material layer and metal pipe, makes metal and the range upon range of attenuator of combined material dissipation or the energy of absorption earthquake input structure when bearing the load to reduce the major structure earthquake reaction, thereby avoid the structure to produce and destroy or collapse, reach absorbing purpose, make metal and the range upon range of attenuator of combined material have higher power consumption efficiency when bearing the load.
The beneficial effects of the utility model also include: based on the idea that local weakening is equivalent to other part strengthening, the metal pipe is arranged into a double-curved pipe, and a middle welding-seam-free energy consumption section is formed by weakening in a double-curved mode, so that the deformation and energy consumption of the damper are concentrated in the middle, and the damper is prevented from being withdrawn from work too early due to the fact that an end connection section is damaged. The hyperboloid is a negative Gaussian curvature surface, and for a structure with nonzero Gaussian curvature, the Gaussian curvature changes only when the structure is torn or exceeds the bearing capacity of a material, so that the strength and the deformation resistance of the hyperboloid are very strong; based on this, hyperboloid form formation hyperboloid is adopted in hyperboloid type pipe middle part, forms no welding seam power consumption section, realizes the metal and combined material range upon range of attenuator deformation and the target that the power consumption concentrates on the middle part, guarantees simultaneously the utility model discloses a attenuator middle part weakens the intensity of section; and all parts of the metal and composite material laminated damper are fixedly connected, so that the working performance inside and outside the damper is stable, the damper can simultaneously bear tension, bending and shearing composite deformation within the limit bearing capacity range, and the damper has all-directional energy consumption capacity; the problems of damper failure and the like caused by corrosion or corrosion of the hyperbolic pipe can be effectively avoided; the device can be used with the structure in the same period, does not need to be replaced, is free from maintenance and has high comprehensive economic benefit. The device is connected with embedded parts in a structure or a support (pier) through bolts, the arrangement is flexible, the installation is convenient in actual engineering, and the using function of the building is not influenced.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, for the utility model provides a preferred embodiment of metal and laminated attenuator of combined material, including the tubular metal resonator, the tubular metal resonator specifically is hyperbolic pipe 1, and the both ends of hyperbolic pipe 1 are connected with the connecting piece, and is specific, and the connecting piece is concave type connection end plate 3, and two concave type connection end plate 3 establish the both ends at hyperbolic pipe 1 relatively, and relative one side all processes recess 31 on two concave type connection end plate 3, and the both ends of hyperbolic pipe 1 are fixed seal respectively and are established in recess 31, and hyperbolic pipe 1 and two are connected concave type and connect, and hyperbolic pipe 1 intussuseption is filled with a plurality of viscoelastic material layer 2 and a plurality of rigid material layer 12, and viscoelastic material layer 2 with rigid material layer 12 is upper and lower interval arrangement in proper order. Wherein, the viscoelastic material layer 2 contains one or more of asphalt, water-soluble substances, latex or epoxy resin, the rigid material layer 12 is a steel plate or a composite material plate, and the composite material plate is an FPR plate, a PC plate or a PVC plate. By utilizing the extrusion deformation of the viscoelastic material layer and the rigid material layer and the plastic deformation energy consumption of the metal pipe, the metal and composite material laminated damper dissipates or absorbs the energy input into the structure when bearing the load so as to reduce the earthquake reaction of the main body structure, thereby avoiding the structure from being damaged or collapsing, achieving the purpose of shock absorption and ensuring that the metal and composite material laminated damper has higher energy consumption efficiency when bearing the load.
The wall thickness of the hyperbolic pipe 1 is gradually increased from the middle of the hyperbolic pipe 1 to two ends in an extending mode, the section of the outer wall of the hyperbolic pipe 1 is in a hyperbolic curve arrangement, specifically, the hyperbolic pipe 1 comprises an integrally formed pipe body and straight cylindrical end portions arranged at two ends of the pipe body, the shape of each straight cylindrical end portion is matched with the groove 31 of the concave connecting end plate, the straight cylindrical end portions are welded and fixed with the grooves 31, and when the double-curved pipe 1 is welded and fixed, the damper can achieve good sealing performance without additionally arranging a sealing element. In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the hyperbolic pipe 1 and the connecting member may be connected by tapping and threading to realize solderless connection.
As shown in fig. 3, the concave connection end plate 3 may be a square plate or a circular plate, and a connection hole 32 is reserved on the concave connection end plate 3 for connection with a building structure body; the connecting holes 32 can be threaded holes or through holes, and the connecting pieces are connected with embedded pieces in structures or supports (piers) through bolts, so that the connecting pieces can be flexibly installed, are convenient to install in actual engineering and do not influence the use function of a building.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, the interior pipe wall of hyperbolic type pipe 1 is straight tube-shape, and the cross-section at hyperbolic type pipe 1's outer pipe wall middle part is relative hyperbolic shape. The middle part of the hyperbolic pipe is a middle energy consumption section, and the outer pipe wall section of the middle energy consumption section of the hyperbolic pipe is in a relative hyperbolic shape.
The damper is characterized in that all parts of the metal and composite material laminated damper are fixedly connected, so that the working performance inside and outside the damper is stable, the damper can simultaneously bear tension, bending and shearing composite deformation within the limit bearing capacity range, and the damper has all-directional energy consumption capacity.
The metal pipe is a stainless steel pipe, a common carbon steel pipe or a copper pipe; the interface of the metal tube is circular, oval, square, rectangular or polygonal.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, a through hole may be formed in the metal tube and vertically penetrates through the plurality of viscoelastic material layers and the plurality of rigid material layers, and a lead core is filled in the through hole. By utilizing the shearing and extrusion deformation of the lead core, the energy consumption of the viscoelastic material layer and the rigid material layer and the plastic deformation energy consumption of the hyperbolic tube 1, the metal and composite material laminated damper dissipates or absorbs the energy in the earthquake input structure when bearing the load so as to reduce the earthquake reaction of the main body structure, thereby avoiding the structure from being damaged or collapsed, achieving the purpose of damping and controlling the earthquake, and enabling the metal and composite material laminated damper to dissipate or absorb the energy in the earthquake input structure when bearing the load so as to reduce the higher energy consumption efficiency of the main body structure when bearing the load.
The wall thickness of the hyperbolic pipe 1 is gradually increased from the middle of the hyperbolic pipe 1 to two ends of the hyperbolic pipe, the middle of the hyperbolic pipe 1 is weakened in a hyperbolic form, so that the deformation and energy consumption of the damper are concentrated in the middle, and the damage of a connecting section at the end part of the damper is avoided; the hyperboloid is a negative Gaussian curvature surface, and for a structure with nonzero Gaussian curvature, the Gaussian curvature changes only when the structure is torn or exceeds the bearing capacity of a material, so that the strength and the deformation resistance of the hyperboloid are very strong; based on this, hyperboloid form formation hyperboloid is adopted in hyperboloid type pipe 1 middle part, forms no welding seam power consumption section, realizes the metal and combined material range upon range of attenuator deformation and the target that the power consumption concentrates on the middle part, guarantees simultaneously the utility model discloses a attenuator middle part weakens the intensity of section; and all parts of the metal and composite material laminated damper are fixedly connected, so that the working performance inside and outside the damper is stable, the damper can simultaneously bear tension, bending and shearing composite deformation within the limit bearing capacity range, and the damper has all-directional energy consumption capacity; the problems of damper failure and the like caused by corrosion or corrosion of the hyperbolic pipe can be effectively avoided; the device can be used with the structure in the same period, does not need to be replaced, is free from maintenance and has high comprehensive economic benefit.
Wherein the double-curve type pipe 1 is a stainless steel pipe or a copper pipe.
When the hyperbolic pipe 1 is a stainless steel pipe, the stainless steel pipe material has the following characteristics: (1) the elastic modulus is small; (2) the proportional limit is very low, generally the proportional limit is about 36% -60% of the yield strength, and the proportional limit of the common structural steel is about 75% of the yield strength; (3) the ductility is better, and the elongation at break is 2-3.5 times of that of common structural steel; (4) the strength is usually higher than that of common structural steel, and the ratio of tensile strength to yield strength is also obviously higher than that of common structural steel; (5) the material has good corrosion resistance and durability.
In particular, when the copper pipe is used, the copper material has the following characteristics: (1) the mechanical property is good, the compressive strength is high, simultaneously, the toughness is good, the ductility is high, and the shock resistance, the impact resistance and the fatigue resistance are excellent; (2) the safety and reliability are high, and the copper pipe has the characteristics of heat resistance, cold resistance, corrosion resistance and fire resistance; (3) the lead core has no permeability, and any substance including light cannot penetrate through the copper pipe, so that the problem that the lead core pollutes the environment can be solved, and the lead core is protected from being polluted.
In summary, the metal and composite material laminated damper has the following characteristics: (1) the hyperbolic pipe 1, the viscoelastic material layer and the rigid material layer work cooperatively, the three energy dissipation structures consume energy together, and the energy dissipation efficiency is high; (2) the energy consumption and shock absorption mechanism is clear, and the energy consumption damping device has all-directional energy consumption capability and stable performance; (3) small yield displacement and excellent ductility. The sealing effect is good, meanwhile, the sealing ring cannot be in direct contact with the outside, and pollution cannot be caused in the using process; (5) the damper can effectively avoid the problems of damper failure and the like possibly caused by corrosion or corrosion of the steel pipe, can be used with the building main body in the same period, does not need to be replaced, is free from maintenance and has high comprehensive economic benefit; (6) the structure is simple, the environment is protected, and the processing is convenient; the connecting holes 32 on the concave connecting end plate are connected with a building structure or a supporting structure by bolts, so that the mounting and dismounting are convenient, and the arrangement is flexible.
Exemplarily, fig. 5 to 10 are schematic structural views of specific implementation of the metal and composite material stacked damper of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the metal and composite material stacked damper and the frame structure of the present invention adopting a wall pier type arrangement mode, frame beams 5 are arranged at the middle of two frame columns 4 from top to bottom, wall squats 6 are arranged between the frame beams 5 from top to bottom, and two metal and composite material stacked dampers of the present invention are installed between the two wall squats 6; fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal and composite material stacked damper and frame structure of the present invention in a pier-type arrangement, wherein a pier 7 is relatively disposed between two frame beams 5, and the metal and composite material stacked damper of the present invention is installed between the two piers 7;
fig. 7 is the structure diagram of the metal and composite material stacked damper and the frame structure of the present invention adopting the herringbone-type arrangement, wherein two diagonal braces are arranged between two frame beams 5, the herringbone top is fixed with the connecting plate 9, and the connecting plate 9 and the other frame beam 5 are fixed with each other.
Fig. 8 is the utility model discloses a metal and the range upon range of attenuator of combined material arrange the schematic structure at power consumption roof beam middle part, and a frame roof beam 5 between two frame posts 4 is established to two sections roof beams that the level is relative, is equipped with the interval between two sections roof beams, the utility model discloses a attenuator setting is in the interval, and the both ends of attenuator respectively with both ends frame roof beam 5 fixed connection, the lower part of two sections roof beams is equipped with bracing 8 respectively, the corresponding setting of bracing of two sections roof beams, the both ends of bracing 8, one end are connected in the contained angle department of frame roof beam 5 and frame post 4, the tip at two sections roof beams is connected to one end in addition.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the metal and composite material laminated damper of the present invention disposed at the end of the energy dissipating beam; wherein, pass through between one end of a frame roof beam 5 in two frame roof beams 5 and the frame post 4 the utility model discloses a attenuator is connected, and is equipped with bracing 8 in the lower part of this frame roof beam 5, the both ends of bracing 8, the contained angle department of one end connection frame roof beam 5 and frame post 4, the tip of the frame roof beam 5 of being connected with the attenuator is connected to one end in addition.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the metal and composite material laminated damper of the present invention disposed on an attachment beam; connecting beams 10 are oppositely arranged between the two shear walls 11, and the damper is fixedly connected with the two connecting beams 10.
In the damper arrangement mode, the outline of the concave connecting end plate 3 is preferably a square or round structure; the metal and composite material laminated damper or dampers can be arranged according to actual requirements.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.