CN212905491U - Acoustic method testing device for loose ring of surrounding rock in tunnel - Google Patents
Acoustic method testing device for loose ring of surrounding rock in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN212905491U CN212905491U CN202020993527.XU CN202020993527U CN212905491U CN 212905491 U CN212905491 U CN 212905491U CN 202020993527 U CN202020993527 U CN 202020993527U CN 212905491 U CN212905491 U CN 212905491U
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种隧道围岩松动圈的声波法测试装置。包括：在隧道围岩中打设测试钻孔，将注浆式囊袋设置在钻孔的上下内壁上，将封孔管放入所述钻孔内，在封孔管的外壁上设置溢浆口、出浆口，将测试仪器从封孔管内穿过，通过出浆口向注浆式囊袋中注入浆液，待注浆式囊袋内浆体达到特定强度后；再将浆液经溢浆口注入，向封孔管中注水，待水体注满整个钻孔后，利用水体作为耦合剂利用测试仪器向隧道围岩隧道围岩发射声波，根据隧道围岩的反射波速变化情况，确定隧道围岩松动圈的范围大小。本实用新型针对复杂地质、高地应力区以及松散破碎围岩，提出了一种声波法隧道围岩松动圈的测试装置，通过封孔管提高堵水效果、护孔段保证钻孔稳定。
The utility model provides an acoustic wave method testing device for the loose ring of surrounding rock of a tunnel. It includes: drilling a test hole in the surrounding rock of the tunnel, setting the grouting bag on the upper and lower inner walls of the hole, putting the sealing pipe into the hole, and setting the overflow slurry on the outer wall of the sealing pipe The test instrument is passed through the sealing tube, and the slurry is injected into the grouting bag through the slurry outlet. After the slurry in the grouting bag reaches a specific strength; After the water body fills the entire borehole, the water body is used as a couplant and a test instrument is used to emit sound waves to the surrounding rock of the tunnel. According to the change of the reflected wave speed of the surrounding rock, the tunnel surrounding The size of the rock loosening circle. Aiming at complex geology, high ground stress area and loose and broken surrounding rock, the utility model proposes a testing device for the loose ring of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a sound wave method.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel construction process country rock pine circle sound wave method test technical field especially relates to a sound wave method testing arrangement of tunnel country rock pine circle.
Background
With the rapid development of infrastructure and transportation engineering in recent years, more and more underground engineering construction is advancing to complex geological environments such as deep burial and high ground stress. Therefore, the deformation mechanism of the rock mass of the underground engineering is increasingly complex, the deformation of the rock mass is increasingly intensified, and the initial support damage is also increasingly serious, so that the frequent geological disaster accidents of the underground engineering are caused, and the rapid development of the underground engineering construction is seriously influenced. However, the test of the loosening ring of the underground engineering rock mass is an important way for recognizing the deformation rule of the rock mass, the design of a supporting structure and the like, and has important significance on the aspects of safety evaluation of the underground engineering, selection of a construction device, supporting measures and the like.
The surrounding rock loosening ring is an important parameter and basis for evaluating the structural stability of the underground engineering and designing a supporting structure. The method aims at the problems that in the process of measuring the loosening ring of the arch rock mass of the underground engineering, water injection is difficult, water plugging is difficult and the like because water is needed as a coupling medium in the traditional sound wave method loosening ring test, and the effective test of the full-profile loosening ring of the engineering rock mass cannot be realized generally. And the same drilling hole can not be repeatedly utilized, the excavation disturbance in the rock mass construction engineering of the underground engineering can not be realized, and the dynamic tracking monitoring of the same drilling hole can be carried out in the rock mass loosening ring expanding process. Therefore, a large number of important basic parameters which are helpful for realizing the dynamic design concept and the asymmetric design of the underground engineering supporting structure are lacked, the understanding of the mechanism of the deformation cause of the underground engineering rock mass is restricted, and the rapid development of the underground engineering construction is influenced.
At present, in the prior art, the testing of the rock mass loosening ring of the underground engineering mainly adopts an acoustic wave method testing technology, and the thickness of the loosening ring is determined according to the reflected wave velocity of the rock mass obtained by the testing. However, for geological environments with joint crack development, weak and broken surrounding rocks and high ground stress, the hole forming by drilling is relatively difficult to test, the hole is seriously blocked by hole collapse, and the application range of the sound wave method loosening ring test technology is influenced. Meanwhile, aiming at the sound wave method loosening ring testing technology, a water body is adopted as a coupling agent, and in the process of testing the loosening ring of the rock mass of the arch part of the underground engineering, water is difficult to block, the test drilling hole is difficult to fill, and the test result is distorted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a tunnel country rock sound wave method loose coil test supporting test device and device to overcome prior art's problem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.
A sound wave method testing arrangement of tunnel country rock pine circle includes: the device comprises a grouting type bag, a hole sealing pipe and a test instrument;
the grouting type bags are arranged on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of a drill hole in tunnel surrounding rock, the hole sealing pipe is placed in the drill hole, the outer wall of the hole sealing pipe is provided with a slurry overflow port and a slurry outlet port, the slurry outlet port is positioned at the position adjacent to the grouting type bags, and the slurry overflow port is positioned in the interval between the adjacent grouting type bags;
the test instrument penetrates through the hole sealing pipe, grout is injected into the grouting type bag through the grout outlet to form a local closed space formed by the grouting bag, the hole sealing pipe and the drilling hole wall, and after the grout in the grouting type bag reaches specific strength; and injecting the slurry into the local closed space through the slurry overflow port, injecting water into the hole sealing pipe, and after the water body is filled in the whole drilled hole, transmitting sound waves to the tunnel surrounding rock of the tunnel surrounding rock by using a test instrument by using the water body as a coupling agent.
Preferably, a plurality of grouting type bag honeycomb type segments are arranged on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the drilled hole, bag compression rings are arranged at two ends of each section of grouting type bag, a grout overflow port and a grout outlet are arranged on the outer wall of the hole sealing pipe, the grout outlet is arranged in the middle of each section of grouting type bag, the grout overflow port is arranged in the grout overflow section, the grout overflow section is arranged in the interval between two adjacent sections of grouting type bags, and each section of grouting type bag is in contact with the outer wall of the hole sealing pipe.
Preferably, a water return pipe, a bag grouting pipe and an overflow grouting pipe are fixedly arranged in the hole sealing pipe, and the water return pipe is used for enabling water to flow out through the water return pipe when the injected water is filled in the whole drilled hole; the bag grouting pipe is connected with the grout outlet and is used for grouting into the grouting bag through the grout outlet; the slurry overflow and injection pipe is connected with the slurry overflow port and is used for injecting slurry to the local closed space through the slurry overflow port.
Preferably, the end part of the hole sealing pipe is provided with a butt joint clamp and a butt joint ring, after the plurality of sections of hole protection pipes are connected in series, the hole sealing pipe is butted with the tail section of hole protection pipe through the butt joint clamp and the butt joint ring, each hole protection pipe is also provided with a water return pipe, a bag grouting pipe and an overflow grouting pipe, and the water return pipe, the bag grouting pipe and the overflow grouting pipe penetrate through the whole hole sealing pipe and the whole hole protection pipe.
Preferably, the outer walls of the hole sealing pipe and the hole protecting pipe are provided with sound wave method detection windows.
Preferably, the hole sealing pipe and the hole protecting pipe are made of hot-melt PVC materials.
By the foregoing the technical scheme of the utility model provides a can see out, the embodiment of the utility model provides a to complicated geology, high ground stress area and loose broken country rock, provided a testing arrangement of sound wave method tunnel country rock pine circle, it is stable to guarantee to drill a hole through hole sealing pipe improvement shutoff effect, guard aperture section.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a grouting type bag sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a hole sealing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a hole sealing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hole protecting tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic partial structural view of a hole protecting tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a hole sealing pipe and a hole protecting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the figure includes: 1, drilling; 2-sealing the hole pipe; 3-grouting type bag; 4-pressing the bag; 5-a pulp outlet; 6-slurry overflowing section; 7-a pulp overflow port; 8-detecting a window by a sonic method; 9-butt joint card; 10-a docking ring; 11-a return pipe; 12-bladder grouting pipe; 13-a slurry overflow grouting pipe; 14-grouting pipe plug; 15-slurry overflow pipe plug.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments are not limited thereto.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a based on traditional sound wave method loose circle testing arrangement, provided a tunnel country rock loose circle's sound wave method testing arrangement who combines key test devices such as hole sealing pipe, hole protecting pipe, can realize the full profile dynamic test to the loose circle scope of underground excavation engineering rock mass, have important meaning to the development of underground engineering rock mass loose circle testing technique.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a be different from traditional rubber air bag drilling shutoff mode, adopt slip casting formula bag drilling shutoff technique can strengthen the water pressure resistant ability of drill way shutoff section, improve the shutoff effect of hunch portion country rock drilling. Meanwhile, the purpose of plugging cracks caused by excavation of tunnel surrounding rock bodies is achieved by reserving grouting holes and slurry overflow holes, and water flow diffusion seepage channels are cut off. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting type bag sealing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, which includes: the grouting device comprises a drilling hole 1, a hole sealing pipe 2, a grouting type bag 3, a bag compression ring 4, a slurry outlet 5, a slurry overflow section 6 and a slurry overflow opening 7. A plurality of slip casting formula bag honeycomb segmentation sets up on the upper and lower inner wall of drilling, bag clamping ring 4 sets up the both ends at every section slip casting formula bag, set up the excessive thick liquid mouth on the outer wall of hole-sealing pipe, the grout outlet is located the middle part setting of every section slip casting formula bag, be located the adjacent position of slip casting formula bag, excessive thick liquid mouth 7 is located excessive thick liquid section 6, excessive thick liquid section 6 is located the interval between two sections adjacent slip casting formula bags, every section slip casting formula bag all contacts with the outer wall of hole-sealing pipe 2.
Wherein, hole sealing pipe 2 is an overall structure, and the effect lies in shutoff drilling, the sealed drilling surrounding rivers passageway. Before testing the loose circle of the tunnel surrounding rock, firstly, a test drilling hole is drilled, and after the test drilling hole is formed, the hole sealing pipe 2 is placed in a proper position in the drilling hole 1, so that the function and the purpose of the hole sealing pipe are realized. On the basis, a subsequent surrounding rock loosening ring test is carried out. And (3) enabling a test instrument to penetrate through the hole sealing pipe and inject water, testing the emission wave of the surrounding rock, and determining the range of the loosening ring of the surrounding rock according to the change condition of the velocity of the reflected wave.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial structure diagram of the hole sealing pipe, fig. 3 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of the hole sealing pipe, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hole protection pipe, and fig. 5 is a schematic partial structure diagram of the hole protection pipe. The figure includes: the device comprises a sound wave method detection window 8, a butt joint clamp 9, a butt joint ring 10, a water return pipe 11, a bag grouting pipe 12, a slurry overflow grouting pipe 13, a grouting pipe plug 14 and a slurry overflow pipe plug 15.
The water return pipe 11, the bag grouting pipe 12, the slurry overflow grouting pipe 13 and the hole sealing pipe are all made of materials such as hot melt PVC and form an integral structure. The water return pipe 11, the bag grouting pipe 12 and the slurry overflow grouting pipe 13 penetrate through the whole hole sealing pipe and the hole protecting pipe. The hole sealing pipe, the hole protecting pipe and the like can be made of materials such as hot-melt PVC and the like.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a tunnel country rock loose circle's sound wave method testing arrangement's processing flow includes:
(1) plugging of arch surrounding rock drilling
Injecting early strength grout into the bag 3 through the grout outlet 5 to form a local closed space formed by the grouting bag, the hole sealing pipe and the drilling wall, and after the grout in the bag reaches a specific strength; then the slurry or the fine-grained slurry is injected through the slurry overflow port 7, so that the effects of closing and blocking a channel between the bag and the wall of the drill hole, blocking rock body cracks around the drill hole and the like are achieved. In practical application, the sound wave method loose ring test windows 8 can be reserved in the closed water flow channel, the hole sealing pipe and the hole protecting pipe.
Three channels are reserved in the hole sealing pipe and comprise a water return channel 11, a bag grouting pipe 12 and an overflow grouting pipe 13. The water return pipeline 11 is mainly used for testing inclination and vertical drilling, and when the whole drilled hole is filled with injected water, the water can flow out through the water return pipeline; the bag grouting pipe 12 is connected with the grout outlet 5 and used for grouting into the two bags; the slurry overflow grouting pipe 13 is connected with the slurry overflow port 7 and mainly used for grouting a local closed space and plugging cracks around a drill hole; the butt joint clamp 9 and the butt joint ring 10 are mainly used for being connected with a subsequent hole protecting pipe to ensure that butt joint is tight.
The structure of the hole protecting pipe is similar to that of a hole sealing pipe, three channels are reserved, including a water return channel 11, a bag grouting pipe 12 and a slurry overflowing grouting pipe 13, but the end parts of the hole protecting pipe are additionally provided with sealing plugs, namely a grouting pipe plug 14 and a slurry overflowing pipe plug 15, so that slurry is prevented from flowing out of the tail end of the hole protecting pipe to form a series flow passage. After the multiple sections of hole-protecting pipes are connected in series, the end section of hole-protecting pipe is butted with the hole-sealing pipe, and the butt joint schematic diagram of the hole-sealing pipe and the hole-protecting pipe is shown in fig. 6.
(2) Repeated testing of the same borehole
The repeated test of rock mass loosening rings around the same drilling hole is realized, and the stability of the hole wall of the tested hole is guaranteed. Therefore, a windowing hole protecting pipe is adopted, and a sound wave method detection window 8 is additionally arranged on the hole protecting pipe. The stability of the test drilling hole is ensured, and meanwhile, the acoustic wave reflected wave test of the rock body with the set depth is realized through the reserved detection window.
(3) Test device for loosening ring test by sound wave method
The general test flow includes: the drill bit carries out drilling test, packs into the grommet with drill bit and drilling rod, docks the multistage grommet, docks end section grommet and hole-sealing pipe, packs into the hole-sealing pipe with drill bit and drilling rod through each grommet, hole-sealing pipe slip casting, carries out the sound wave test to tunnel country rock looseness circle. The specific process is as follows:
1. and (4) drilling a test borehole, a drill bit and a drill rod, and only using the test borehole in the hole forming process.
2. Down-hole protecting pipe and hole sealing pipe
3. Grouting to the bag and the grout overflow section through a reserved grouting channel
4. Injecting water into a union pipe consisting of a hole sealing pipe and a plurality of sets of hole protecting pipes, and pushing the sound wave detection equipment into the union pipe to reach the preset depth of a sound wave detection window
5. For the declined drill hole, the water body in the hole can be filled automatically; but for the upward inclined drill hole, the temporary simple water plugging head can be arranged at the hole sealing pipe orifice to ensure that the whole test drill hole is filled with water,
and whether the water is filled in the hole or not and whether the water level reaches a set depth can be known through whether the water return pipe 11 (having the exhaust function) is water outlet or not.
The main effect of the hole sealing pipe lies in grouting to seal a water flow channel, and the fact that the drill hole close to the wall section of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is broken seriously ensures that the whole drill hole can be filled with water in the subsequent testing process of the sound wave method.
The hole protecting pipe is mainly used for protecting the hole forming and drilling holes and preventing hole collapse.
In the loosening ring test process, water is needed as a coupling agent, and sound wave test is utilized. The water body is used as a transmission medium between the sound wave detector and the surrounding rock, and the sound wave detector generates sound waves through the transmitting end, transmits the sound waves to the surrounding rock through the water body, and reflects the sound waves to the receiving end through the surrounding rock. And inversely calculating the propagation speed of the sound wave of the surrounding rock by measuring and calculating the propagation time and combining the fixed distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and analyzing the difference of the propagation speeds of the sound wave of the surrounding rock to determine the loose circle range of the surrounding rock. The main testing parameter is the wave velocity emitted by the surrounding rock, and other parameters can be automatically measured by the sound wave detector.
The multiple testing process comprises the following steps: on the basis of a general test flow, the grout can be repeatedly injected through the grout overflow port, macroscopic cracks formed due to excavation disturbance and surrounding rock deformation are blocked, the rock mass around the hole sealing section is ensured to form good sealing performance, and water is prevented from flowing out through the hole sealing section. And then, carrying out a surrounding rock loosening ring test of the hole protecting section, and analyzing a loosening ring expansion rule of the underground engineering rock mass excavation process.
To sum up, the embodiment of the utility model provides a to complicated geology, high ground stress area and loose broken country rock, provided a testing arrangement of sound wave method tunnel country rock pine circle, it is stable to improve water shutoff effect, guard aperture section through the hole sealing pipe and guarantee to drill. The method can realize long-term monitoring of the whole profile of the rock mass of the underground engineering, can repeatedly test the same drilling hole, and analyzes the development rule of the surrounding rock loosening ring under the time-space characteristic.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or processes in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for device or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to device embodiments, they are described in relative simplicity, and reference may be made to some descriptions of device embodiments for related matters. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel country rock pine circle's acoustic wave method testing arrangement which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a grouting type bag, a hole sealing pipe and a test instrument;
the grouting type bags are arranged on the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of a drill hole in tunnel surrounding rock, the hole sealing pipe is placed in the drill hole, the outer wall of the hole sealing pipe is provided with a slurry overflow port and a slurry outlet port, the slurry outlet port is positioned at the position adjacent to the grouting type bags, and the slurry overflow port is positioned in the interval between the adjacent grouting type bags;
the test instrument penetrates through the hole sealing pipe, grout is injected into the grouting type bag through the grout outlet to form a local closed space formed by the grouting bag, the hole sealing pipe and the drilling hole wall, and after the grout in the grouting type bag reaches specific strength; and injecting the slurry into the local closed space through the slurry overflow port, injecting water into the hole sealing pipe, and after the water body is filled in the whole drilled hole, transmitting sound waves to the tunnel surrounding rock of the tunnel surrounding rock by using a test instrument by using the water body as a coupling agent.
2. The sonic testing device of the tunnel surrounding rock loosening ring according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grouting-type bag honeycomb segments are arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of the drilled hole, bag compression rings are arranged at both ends of each grouting-type bag, a grout overflow port and a grout outlet are arranged on the outer wall of the hole sealing pipe, the grout outlet is arranged in the middle of each grouting-type bag, the grout overflow port is arranged in the grout overflow section, the grout overflow section is arranged in the interval between two adjacent grouting-type bags, and each grouting-type bag is in contact with the outer wall of the hole sealing pipe.
3. The acoustic testing device for the tunnel surrounding rock loosening ring according to claim 1, wherein a water return pipe, a bag grouting pipe and an overflow grouting pipe are fixedly arranged in the hole sealing pipe, and the water return pipe is used for enabling water to flow out through the water return pipe when the injected water is filled in the whole drilled hole; the bag grouting pipe is connected with the grout outlet and is used for grouting into the grouting bag through the grout outlet; the slurry overflow and injection pipe is connected with the slurry overflow port and is used for injecting slurry to the local closed space through the slurry overflow port.
4. The device for testing the loosening ring of the surrounding rock of the tunnel according to claim 3, wherein the end of the hole sealing pipe is provided with an abutting clamp and an abutting ring, after a plurality of sections of hole protecting pipes are connected in series, the hole sealing pipe is abutted with the last section of hole protecting pipe through the abutting clamp and the abutting ring, each hole protecting pipe is also provided with a water return pipe, a bag grouting pipe and an overflow grouting pipe, and the water return pipe, the bag grouting pipe and the overflow grouting pipe penetrate through the whole hole sealing pipe and the hole protecting pipe.
5. The device for testing the loosening ring of the surrounding rock of the tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the outer walls of the hole sealing pipe and the hole protecting pipe are provided with sound wave method detection windows.
6. The sonic testing device of claim 4, wherein the hole sealing tube and the hole protecting tube are made of a hot-melt PVC material.
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| CN202020993527.XU CN212905491U (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Acoustic method testing device for loose ring of surrounding rock in tunnel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111708077A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-25 | 北京交通大学 | Test method of sonic method for loose circle of surrounding rock of tunnel |
| CN120370412A (en) * | 2025-04-21 | 2025-07-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Sectional type rock mass loose coil detection device |
-
2020
- 2020-06-03 CN CN202020993527.XU patent/CN212905491U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111708077A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-25 | 北京交通大学 | Test method of sonic method for loose circle of surrounding rock of tunnel |
| CN111708077B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2024-09-27 | 北京交通大学 | Acoustic wave testing method for loose zone of tunnel surrounding rock |
| CN120370412A (en) * | 2025-04-21 | 2025-07-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Sectional type rock mass loose coil detection device |
| CN120370412B (en) * | 2025-04-21 | 2025-11-14 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Sectional type rock mass loose coil detection device |
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