CN212565795U

CN212565795U - Kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system

Info

Publication number: CN212565795U
Application number: CN202022004642.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 聂圣明
Original assignee: Huisheng Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Huisheng Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-14
Filing date: 2020-09-14
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a handle rich hydrogen energy combustion system of kitchen garbage that kitchen garbage is effectual, use cost low, practice thrift the energy consumption, the feature of environmental protection is good. The utility model discloses a low carbon boiler (1), kitchen garbage processor (2), thick liquids sprayer (3), hydrogen-rich generating device (4), kitchen garbage processor (2) include compression arrangement section (21), broken dehydration section (22), thick liquids section (23) in proper order, the living beings kitchen garbage thick liquids after thick liquids section (23) are handled pass through thick liquids pump (6) and pump to thick liquids sprayer (3) through thick liquids pipeline (60), and pass through thick liquids sprayer (3) spout into be the biomass fuel burning in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler (1), hydrogen-rich generating device (4) send into hydrogen be used for combustion-supporting in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler (1). The utility model discloses but wide application in energy burning field.

Description

Kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an energy combustion system especially relates to a rich hydrogen energy combustion system of kitchen garbage.

Background

Environmental problems such as global climate change, acid rain pollution, ozone depletion, trans-environmental transfer and diffusion of toxic and harmful chemicals and wastes, sharp reduction of biodiversity, marine pollution have become serious challenges for human beings. The garbage is generated along with the production mode and the daily life process, the huge pressure on the environment and resources is seriously exceeded the natural self-cleaning capacity, and the garbage poses great threats to the ecology, the resources and the human health.

The existing main garbage treatment technologies comprise anaerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation, composting and the like, but the existing garbage treatment technologies generally have the defects of slow reaction, long consumed time, low efficiency, narrow applicability, more residues, secondary pollution and the like. The kitchen waste refers to food waste, food residues, food processing waste, inedible animal and vegetable oil and fat and various oil-water mixtures in families, schools, institutions, public dining halls and catering industries, and is part of municipal domestic waste. Particularly, the treatment pressure of domestic garbage such as kitchen garbage is increased day by day, and the realization of garbage reduction, recycling and harmless treatment is a difficult problem in the environmental protection field.

Due to the diet culture and the catering habits, the kitchen waste has a unique phenomenon in China, a large amount of kitchen waste is generated every day, and the kitchen waste is also generated in places such as catering hotels and the like. The kitchen waste is easy to decay and deteriorate, bad smell which is difficult to accept is generated, and the kitchen waste generated in the catering industry contains a lot of residual vegetable soup and the like, so that the kitchen waste is easy to leak in mobile phones and transportation, and the environment is affected. The direct landfill treatment of the kitchen waste can cause serious pollution to underground water. The kitchen waste rich in nutrition is a precious renewable resource, but because sufficient attention is not paid yet and the disposal method is improper, the kitchen waste becomes a potential hazard source influencing food safety and ecological safety. The kitchen waste has the characteristics of waste and resources, and is a typical resource which is misplaced.

At present, the main modes of kitchen waste treatment in China are as follows:

1. the crushing and direct discharging treatment is a main method for treating a small amount of dispersed kitchen waste in European and American countries, and is characterized in that the kitchen waste is directly crushed and crushed at a kitchen waste generating point, then is discharged into an urban municipal sewer network by adopting hydraulic flushing, and is combined with municipal sewage to enter an urban sewage treatment plant for centralized treatment. The method has the advantages of low price, simple and convenient technology and the like for treating a small amount of scattered kitchen waste such as household kitchen waste, can reduce the water content of the municipal waste, reduces the collection amount, and is beneficial to improving the heat productivity of the municipal waste.

2. Landfill treatment, in which kitchen waste and common waste in many areas of China are sent into a landfill site together for landfill treatment. Landfill is the main treatment mode of harmless treatment of domestic garbage in most countries. The kitchen waste contains a large amount of degradable components, has short stabilization time, is beneficial to the recovery of a waste landfill site, and is simple and convenient to operate, so that the kitchen waste is more commonly applied. With the increasingly wide knowledge of the availability of kitchen waste, the landfill rate of the kitchen waste is on the trend of decreasing no matter in europe, the united states, japan or china, and even many countries prohibit the kitchen waste from entering a landfill site for treatment.

3. The fertilizer treatment mainly comprises aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion. Aerobic composting is that under aerobic condition, extracellular enzyme secreted by aerobic microbe is used to decompose organic solid into soluble organic matter, which then permeates into cell to realize the whole composting process through metabolism of microbe. Meanwhile, similar methods are introduced by aerobic composting, for example, earthworm composting is a new technology developed in recent years, earthworms are used for swallowing a large amount of kitchen waste, the kitchen waste is mixed with soil, and organic matters are converted into nutrient substances which can be utilized by self or other organisms through the mechanical grinding effect of a sand bag and the biochemical effect in intestinal tracts. Anaerobic digestion treatment of kitchen waste refers to that under specific anaerobic conditions, microorganisms decompose organic waste, wherein carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are converted into methane and carbon dioxide, and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are remained in residues and are converted into a form which is easily absorbed and utilized by animals and plants.

4. The feed is treated in a feed mode, the current feed has huge market potential, and due to the fact that the kitchen waste is used as a raw material, the feed is low in price, large in supply quantity, rich in product nutrition, large in profit interval range and strong in market competitiveness. There are two ways of feed processing: 1, biologically treating to prepare feed, adding cultured strains into the kitchen waste for sealed storage, breeding the strains and killing pathogenic bacteria to prepare the feed; 2 preparing the feed by high-temperature disinfection, killing viruses at high temperature, crushing and processing into the feed for livestock and poultry to eat.

5. The energy treatment is rapidly emerging in recent years, and mainly includes an incineration method, a thermal decomposition method, fermentation hydrogen production, and the like. The incineration method is high in efficiency of treating the kitchen waste, about 5% of residues beneficial to disposal are finally generated, the incineration is carried out in a special incinerator, and the generated heat energy can be converted into hot water or electric energy, so that the recycling of energy is realized, but the water content of the kitchen waste is high, and the heat value is low. The energy treatment of the kitchen waste is of increasing concern.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that overcome prior art not enough, provide a handle kitchen garbage hydrogen-rich energy combustion system that kitchen garbage is effectual, use cost low, practice thrift the energy consumption, the feature of environmental protection is good.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the utility model discloses a low carbon boiler, kitchen garbage processor, slurry injector, hydrogen-rich generating device, kitchen garbage processor includes compression arrangement section, broken dehydration section, thick liquid section in proper order, the living beings kitchen garbage thick liquid after the thick liquid section of thick liquid is handled passes through the slurry pump and sends the slurry injector to through the slurry pipeline pump, and passes through the slurry injector spouts into as biomass fuel burning in low carbon boiler's the combustion chamber, hydrogen-rich generating device sends into hydrogen it is combustion-supporting to be used for in low carbon boiler's the combustion chamber.

The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger, the low-carbon boiler is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke heat recoverer is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline and communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger through a smoke hot water circulation pipeline to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline, the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger is introduced into a water inlet of the low-carbon boiler through a water inlet pipeline, and water enters the water inlet preheating heat exchanger to exchange heat with hot water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline so as to be preheated.

And a circulating pump is arranged on the flue gas hot water circulating pipeline between the hot side outlet of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger and the flue gas heat recoverer.

And a water inlet pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline.

The flue gas heat recoverer is a flue gas condenser.

The hydrogen-rich generating device is an electrolytic hydrogen-rich generator.

The low-carbon boiler is provided with a hot water outlet, and the hot water outlet is connected with a hot water supply pipeline.

The crushing and dewatering section comprises a spiral extrusion dewaterer, a dewatering motor and a dewatering reduction box, the spiral extrusion dewaterer comprises an extrusion screw, a feed hopper and a discharge bin, the radial size of the extrusion screw is from the feed hopper to the discharge bin is changed from small to large, a filter screen is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion screw, and a sewage discharge outlet for discharging sewage after extrusion is formed in the bottom of the filter screen.

The outer wall of the extrusion screw is provided with continuous helical blades, and the pitch of the continuous helical blades is from the feed hopper to the discharge bin direction is changed from big to small.

The slurry ejector adopts a Venturi ejector.

The utility model has the advantages that: because the utility model discloses a low carbon boiler, kitchen garbage processor, thick liquids sprayer, hydrogen-rich generating device, kitchen garbage processor includes compression arrangement section, crushing dehydration section, thick liquids section in proper order, the living beings kitchen garbage thick liquids after the thick liquids section is handled are pumped to the thick liquids sprayer through the thick liquids pump through the thick liquids pipeline, and spout as biomass fuel burning in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler through the thick liquids sprayer, hydrogen-rich generating device sends into hydrogen in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler is used for combustion-supporting; the utility model overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, fully utilizes the boiler conditions in environmental places such as kitchens, takes the crushed, dehydrated and ground pulp kitchen waste as fuel according to local conditions, sends the fuel back to the low-carbon boiler for combustion, not only can be well processed and converted on site, has extremely high processing speed, avoids the prior complicated transportation and processing in later period, changes waste into valuables, fully utilizes the heat value of biomass organic matters in the kitchen waste, saves the fuel of the low-carbon boiler, leads the low-carbon boiler to become boiler heating water, steam and the like and a garbage combustor to be combined into a whole, and the utility model adopts the hydrogen-rich generating device to send hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler for combustion supporting, and the hydrogen is regarded as a high-quality clean energy source and is the most potential substitute energy source, the method is beneficial to the 'eating, drying and squeezing out' of the kitchen waste in the low-carbon boiler and converting the kitchen waste into heat energy, so that the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the kitchen waste are realized, and multiple purposes are achieved; the event the utility model discloses it is effectual to handle kitchen garbage, and use cost is low, practices thrift the energy consumption, and the feature of environmental protection is good.

The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger, the low-carbon boiler is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke heat recoverer is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline and is communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger through a smoke hot water circulating pipeline so as to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulating pipeline, the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger is introduced into a water inlet of the low-carbon boiler through a water inlet pipeline, and inlet water exchanges heat with hot water in the smoke hot water circulating pipeline in the water inlet preheating heat exchanger so as to be preheated; the utility model discloses the high temperature waste heat that the flue gas that further utilization low carbon boiler work produced was carried is intake the boiler and is preheated, improves the heating efficiency of boiler, and further energy-conservation has also avoided heat energy to be wasted by vain, has avoided causing the heat damage to the environment, so the utility model discloses further reduce use cost, practice thrift the energy consumption, the feature of environmental protection is good.

The crushing and dewatering section comprises a spiral extrusion dewaterer, a dewatering motor and a dewatering reduction box, the spiral extrusion dewaterer comprises an extrusion screw, a feed hopper and a discharge bin, the radial size of the extrusion screw is changed from small to big from the feed hopper to the discharge bin, a filter screen is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion screw, and a sewage discharge outlet for discharging extruded sewage is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen; the utility model discloses an adopt the extrusion screw rod that becomes the footpath for the material extrudees the space at extrusion in-process and more littleer, progressively receives bigger and bigger extrusion force, thereby reaches solid-liquid separation's purpose, and it does not receive the influence of material nature and regional diet difference, both can handle the kitchen garbage after the breakage, also can handle the kitchen garbage of original ecology.

Because the outer wall of the extrusion screw is provided with the continuous helical blade, the pitch of the continuous helical blade is gradually reduced from the feed hopper to the discharge bin; the utility model discloses an adopt the extrusion screw of variable pitch, further make the material extrude the space in extrusion process more and more littleer, progressively receive bigger and bigger extrusion force to reach solid-liquid separation's purpose, it does not receive the influence of material nature and regional diet difference, both can handle the kitchen garbage after the breakage, also can handle the kitchen garbage of original ecology, can reach maximum dehydration effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a hydrogen-rich energy combustion system for kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the crushing and dewatering section according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system of the embodiment includes a low-carbon boiler 1, a kitchen waste processor 2, a slurry injector 3 and a hydrogen-rich generator 4, the low-carbon boiler 1 is provided with a hot water outlet 9, the hot water outlet 9 is connected with a hot water supply pipeline 20, the kitchen waste processor 2 sequentially includes a compression finishing section 21, a crushing and dewatering section 22 and a refining section 23, the compression finishing section 21 is used for reducing the volume of kitchen waste and preliminarily extruding excessive free water in the kitchen waste, the crushing and dewatering section 22 is used for crushing and dewatering the kitchen waste after preliminary finishing and dewatering to make the kitchen waste become slurry with fine dispersion, the refining section 23 further makes the kitchen waste slurry become biomass fuel slurry with uniform dispersion, the biomass kitchen waste slurry after being treated by the refining section 23 is pumped to the slurry injector 3 through a slurry pipeline 60 by a slurry pump 6, the biomass fuel is sprayed into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler 1 through the slurry sprayer 3 and is combusted as biomass fuel, the slurry sprayer 3 can adopt a Venturi sprayer, the hydrogen-rich generator 4 sends hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler 1 for supporting combustion, the hydrogen-rich generator 4 is an electrolytic hydrogen-rich generator, the crushing and dewatering section 22 comprises a spiral extrusion dewaterer 91, a dewatering motor 92 and a dewatering reduction box 93, the spiral extrusion dewaterer 91 comprises an extrusion screw 98, a feed hopper 94 and a discharge bin 96, the radial dimension of the extrusion screw 98 is changed from the feed hopper 94 to the discharge bin 96 from small to large, a filter screen 97 is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion screw 98, a drain 95 for discharging sewage after extrusion is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen 97, and a continuous spiral blade 99 is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion screw 98, the pitch of the continuous helical blade 99 is changed from big to small from the feed hopper 94 to the discharge hopper 96; the kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7, the low-carbon boiler 1 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline 5, a smoke heat recoverer 8 is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline 5, the smoke heat recoverer 8 is communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 through a smoke hot water circulation pipeline 50 to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline 50, a hot side outlet of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 and a circulating pump 12 arranged between the smoke hot water circulation pipeline 50 between the smoke heat recoverer 8 are provided with the smoke heat recoverer 8, the smoke heat recoverer 8 is a smoke condenser, not only can fully absorb smoke sensible heat in the smoke exhaust pipeline 8, but also can absorb smoke latent heat, so that the waste heat recovery utilization rate is higher, the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 is introduced into a water inlet of the low-carbon boiler 1 through a water inlet pipeline 10, and water is in the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 and exchanges heat with Is preheated, and a water inlet pump 11 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 10; the utility model discloses in, all should set up corresponding valve device and relevant sensor devices such as temperature, water level as required on each pipeline to in control, this is that technical personnel in the field can set up and adjust as required, no longer gives unnecessary details here.

When the screw extrusion dehydrator 91 works, after materials enter the feed hopper 94, partial free water in the materials is separated from solid kitchen waste under the action of gravity, the materials are discharged through the filter screen 97, the rest kitchen waste is decelerated by the dehydration motor 92 through the dehydration reduction box 93 to drive the extrusion screw 98 to rotate, so that the materials are pushed to the discharge end, the extrusion screw 98 is of a variable-pitch and variable-shaft-diameter structure, the volume between pitches is gradually reduced, when the continuous helical blades 99 push the materials to move forwards, the materials are extruded along with the reduction of the pitches and the increase of the shaft diameters, under the action of the reduction of the pitches and the variable distances, the materials in the screw extrusion dehydrator 91 are subjected to great pressure, the liquid part in the materials is extruded, namely, an oil-water mixture and partial fine slag flow out through the filter screen 97, and discharged through the drain outlet 95, and the slurry solid waste is collected in the discharge bin 96.

The utility model overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, fully utilizes the boiler conditions in environmental places such as kitchens, takes the crushed, dehydrated and ground pulp kitchen waste as fuel according to local conditions, sends the fuel back to the low-carbon boiler for combustion, not only can be well processed and converted on site, has extremely high processing speed, avoids the prior complicated transportation and processing in later period, changes waste into valuables, fully utilizes the heat value of biomass organic matters in the kitchen waste, saves the fuel of the low-carbon boiler, leads the low-carbon boiler to become boiler heating water, steam and the like and a garbage combustor to be combined into a whole, and the utility model adopts the hydrogen-rich generating device to send hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler for combustion supporting, and the hydrogen is regarded as a high-quality clean energy source and is the most potential substitute energy source, the method is beneficial to the 'eating, drying and squeezing out' of the kitchen waste in the low-carbon boiler and converting the kitchen waste into heat energy, so that the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the kitchen waste are realized, and multiple purposes are achieved; in addition, the utility model further utilizes the high-temperature waste heat carried by the flue gas generated by the low-carbon boiler to preheat the boiler inlet water, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the boiler, further saving energy, avoiding the waste of heat energy and avoiding the heat damage to the environment; therefore, the utility model discloses it is effectual to handle kitchen garbage, and use cost is low, practices thrift the energy consumption, and the feature of environmental protection is good.

The utility model discloses but wide application in energy burning field.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rich hydrogen energy combustion system of kitchen garbage which characterized in that: including low carbon boiler (1), kitchen garbage processor (2), thick liquids sprayer (3), rich hydrogen generating device (4), kitchen garbage processor (2) are in proper order including compression arrangement section (21), broken dehydration section (22), defibrination section (23), the living beings kitchen garbage thick liquids after defibrination section (23) are handled pass through thick liquids pump (6) and pump to thick liquids sprayer (3) through thick liquids pipeline (60), and pass through thick liquids sprayer (3) spout into burn as biomass fuel in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler (1), rich hydrogen generating device (4) send into hydrogen be used for combustion-supporting in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler (1).

2. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7), the low-carbon boiler (1) is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline (5), a smoke heat recoverer (8) is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline (5), the smoke heat recoverer (8) is communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) through a smoke hot water circulation pipeline (50) so as to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline (50), the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) is introduced into the water inlet of the low-carbon boiler (1) through a water inlet pipeline (10), and water is fed into the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) and exchanges heat with hot water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline (50) so as to be preheated.

3. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a circulating pump (12) is arranged on the flue gas hot water circulating pipeline (50) between the hot side outlet of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) and the flue gas heat recoverer (8).

4. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a water inlet pump (11) is arranged on the water inlet pipeline (10).

5. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flue gas heat recoverer (8) is a flue gas condenser.

6. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen-rich generator (4) is an electrolytic hydrogen-rich generator.

7. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-carbon boiler (1) is provided with a hot water outlet (9), and the hot water outlet (9) is connected with a hot water supply pipeline (20).

8. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: broken dehydration section (22) includes screw extrusion hydroextractor (91), dehydration motor (92), dehydration reducing gear box (93), screw extrusion hydroextractor (91) is including extrusion screw rod (98), feeder hopper (94), play feed bin (96), the radial dimension of extrusion screw rod (98) certainly feeder hopper (94) to go out feed bin (96) direction by little grow, extrusion screw rod (98) periphery is equipped with filter screen (97), filter screen (97) bottom is equipped with drain (95) that are used for discharging extrusion back sewage.

9. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the outer wall of the extrusion screw rod (98) is provided with a continuous helical blade (99), and the pitch of the continuous helical blade (99) is from the feed hopper (94) to the discharge bin (96) from big to small.

10. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slurry ejector (3) adopts a Venturi ejector.