CN212559635U - Hybrid membrane biological anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater - Google Patents
Hybrid membrane biological anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN212559635U CN212559635U CN202021829721.0U CN202021829721U CN212559635U CN 212559635 U CN212559635 U CN 212559635U CN 202021829721 U CN202021829721 U CN 202021829721U CN 212559635 U CN212559635 U CN 212559635U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a mixed membrane biological anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater, which comprises a tank body, wherein a water outlet weir, three separation zones, a second reaction zone, a first reaction zone, a methane gas distribution device, a water distributor and a sludge discharge system are sequentially arranged in the tank body from top to bottom; the water outlet weir is communicated with the water outlet pipe, and a back washing pipe is arranged above the water outlet weir; the second reaction zone and the first reaction zone are both biological filler reaction zones; the methane gas distribution device is provided with a gas inlet pipe; the water distributor is communicated with a water inlet mixer outside the tank body, and the water inlet mixer is communicated with a water inlet pipe; the top of the tank body is provided with a biogas collecting pipe which is connected with an air inlet pipe; the water inlet mixer also comprises an upper circulating pipe and a middle circulating pipe, wherein the middle circulating pipe is also communicated with the water inlet mixer; and the wastewater in the tank body reaches the water inlet mixer through the middle circulating pipe, and returns to the tank body through the water distributor after mixing to complete circulation. The utility model discloses can be used to handle the kitchen leachate of high concentration, high suspended solid.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of kitchen garbage handles, concretely relates to kitchen waste water hybrid membrane biological method anaerobic fermentation reactor.
Background
At present, the kitchen waste treatment technology in China mainly comprises anaerobic digestion, aerobic treatment, feed conversion and the like. Among them, anaerobic digestion is the mainstream technology, and many people are advocated because of the mature technology.
The anaerobic process is to utilize garbage to produce marsh gas and convert the marsh gas into electric energy and fuel gas, and to perform secondary fermentation composting treatment on the residue produced in the anaerobic digestion tank. Compared with direct aerobic composting, the method can reduce the occupied area, and has small fertilizer quantity and diversified products.
Biogas generated after anaerobic fermentation and degradation of the kitchen waste can be converted into electric energy and heat energy through a cogeneration generator set, the electric energy can be connected into a power grid for production and living to be practical, the heat energy can supplement partial heat energy requirements of municipal heating facilities after being supplied to the waste treatment equipment for use, and the situation that economic benefits and social benefits win together is realized. The biogas slurry generated after fermentation can be widely used as liquid organic fertilizer in the fields of agricultural irrigation, garden planting and the like after denitrification and desalination treatment. The biogas residues can be used as fertilizer after aerobic composting, thereby realizing the reduction and resource treatment of garbage.
The anaerobic fermentation technology has the advantages that the reduction of the garbage and the resource treatment effect are good, and the generated biogas can be used as a new energy source to supplement the conventional energy source. No odor escapes in the anaerobic fermentation process, no secondary pollution is generated after fermentation, and the acceptance degree of the public is higher. Because the anaerobic degradation process of the kitchen waste is mainly carried out in a closed reaction device (fermentation tank), the operation parameters of the reaction device can directly influence the anaerobic fermentation process. According to the technical parameters reflecting the operation of the device, the anaerobic process can be divided into: medium temperature process and high temperature process (divided according to the temperature in the reaction device), single phase process and two phase process (divided according to the anaerobic degradation stage), sequential batch process and continuous process (divided according to the feeding mode).
At present, treatment technologies such as CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor), UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) and the like are adopted for treating kitchen wastewater, and the working principle of the treatment technologies is that the fermentation of feed liquid and the generation of biogas are completed in a closed tank body; specifically, a stirring device is arranged in the reaction device, so that the fermentation raw materials and the microorganisms are in a completely mixed state, and meanwhile, the feeding mode adopts constant-temperature continuous feeding or semi-continuous feeding, so that the newly-fed raw materials are quickly mixed with all fermentation liquid strains in the reaction device under the action of the stirring device, and further, the concentration of the fermentation substrate is always kept in a relatively low state. The treatment technology has the advantages of simple structure, small investment, convenient operation and management and the like, but has the defects of low volume load rate, low removal rate, poor effluent quality, poor separation effect of three phases of mud, water and gas, suitability for treating low-concentration high-suspended matters and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an aim at provides a hybrid anaerobism biomembrane method to kitchen garbage filtration liquid reflects device, makes STR be greater than HTR to improve volume load rate and mud clearance, promote out water quality of water, more be applicable to and handle high concentration, high suspended solid waste water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
a mixed membrane biological method anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater comprises a tank body, wherein three separation zones, a second reaction zone, a first reaction zone, a methane gas distribution device, a water distributor and a sludge discharge system are sequentially arranged in the tank body from top to bottom; a pressing beam, a three-phase separator and a bottom beam are arranged in the three-phase separation zone from top to bottom, a water outlet weir is arranged above the pressing beam, the water outlet weir is communicated with a water outlet pipe extending out of the pipe body, and a back flushing pipe is arranged above the water outlet weir; the second reaction zone and the first reaction zone are both biological filler reaction zones, are both fixed with biological film layers through film frames and are connected in series to form a two-stage anaerobic reaction zone; the water distributor is communicated with a water inlet mixer outside the tank body, and the water inlet mixer is communicated with a water inlet pipe; an upper circulating pipe communicated with the outside of the tank body is arranged between the three-phase separation zone and the second reaction zone, a middle circulating pipe communicated with the outside of the tank body is arranged at the part of the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone, control valves are arranged on the upper circulating pipe and the middle circulating pipe, and the upper circulating pipe and the middle circulating pipe are also communicated with a water inlet mixer; the waste water in the tank body reaches the water inlet mixer through the upper circulating pipe and the middle circulating pipe and is mixed with clean water entering from the water inlet pipe and then returns to the tank body through the water distributor to complete water circulation; the biogas distribution device is communicated with an air inlet pipe outside the tank body, a biogas collecting pipe is arranged at the top of the tank body and can be communicated with the air inlet pipe, the biogas collecting pipe and the air inlet pipe are both provided with control valves, power is provided by a compressor, and biogas collected in the biogas collecting pipe at the top of the tank body returns to the bottom of the tank body through the biogas distribution device, so that biogas circulation is completed.
Further, the biological filler in the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone is BZ-60S biological filler.
Furthermore, the water outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet, the water outlet is provided with a valve, the water outlet pipe is also communicated with a pressure stabilizing tube and a dosing tube, and the pressure stabilizing tube and the dosing tube are both provided with corresponding control valves.
Further, a negative pressure protector is arranged at the top of the tank body; the negative pressure protector is communicated with the water outlet pipe, plays a role of water sealing, and ensures safe and closed operation in the tank body.
Further, an electric safety relief valve is further arranged at the top of the tank body, and a power supply of the electric safety relief valve is an independent standby power supply.
Furthermore, the water distributor is provided with a plurality of water outlets which are uniformly distributed, and the water outlets are in a shape like a Chinese character jing and the water outlet direction is downward.
Further, the three-phase separator is a V-plate type three-phase separator.
Furthermore, a reserved charging opening and a lightning rod are further arranged at the top of the tank body; an observation manhole is further arranged at the top of the tank body.
Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses can effectively improve the clearance of mud, promote out water quality of water, be applicable to the kitchen leachate of handling high concentration, high suspended solid, and investment cost is low, very suitable extensively promotes in kitchen wastewater treatment field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main structure of a mixed membrane biological anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater;
in the figure, a tank body 1, a three-phase separation zone 2, a second reaction zone 3, a first reaction zone 4, a methane gas distribution device 5, a sludge discharge system 6, a water distributor 7, a water inlet mixer 8, a water inlet pipe 9, a circulating pump 10, a middle circulating pipe 11, an upper circulating pipe 12, a chemical feeding pipe 13, a pressure stabilizing pipe 14, a water outlet pipe 15, a reserved chemical feeding port 16, an electric safety pressure release valve 17, a negative pressure protector 18, a lightning rod 19, a backwashing pipe 20 and a water outlet weir 21.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a mixed membrane biological anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater, which comprises a tank body 1, wherein the tank body 1 is internally provided with three separation zones, a second reaction zone 3, a first reaction zone 4, a methane gas distribution device 5, a water distributor 7 and a sludge discharge system 6 in sequence from top to bottom, and the sludge discharge system comprises a sludge discharge pipe, particularly in the prior art; a pressing beam, a three-phase separator and a bottom beam are arranged in the three-phase separation zone 2 from top to bottom, an effluent weir 21 is arranged above the pressing beam, the effluent weir 21 is communicated with a water outlet pipe 15 extending out of the pipe body, and a backwashing pipe 20 is arranged above the effluent weir 21; the second reaction zone 3 and the first reaction zone 4 are both biological filler reaction zones, are both fixed with biological film layers through film frames and are connected in series to form a two-stage anaerobic reaction zone; the methane gas distribution device 5 is communicated with a gas inlet pipe outside the tank body 1; the water distributor 7 is communicated with a water inlet mixer 8 outside the tank body 1, and the water inlet mixer 8 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 9; the top of the tank body 1 is provided with a biogas collecting pipe which is simultaneously communicated with an air outlet pipe (not shown in the figure) and an air inlet pipe, and the biogas collecting pipe, the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are all provided with control valves; an upper circulating pipe 12 communicated with the outside of the tank body 1 is arranged between the three-phase separation zone 2 and the second reaction zone 3, a middle circulating pipe 11 communicated with the outside of the tank body 1 is arranged at the part of the first reaction zone 4 and the second reaction zone 3, control valves are arranged on the upper circulating pipe 12 and the middle circulating pipe 11, and the upper circulating pipe 12 and the middle circulating pipe 11 are also communicated with a water inlet mixer 8; the wastewater in the tank body 1 reaches a water inlet mixer 8 through an upper circulating pipe 12 and a middle circulating pipe 11, is mixed with clean water entering from a water inlet pipe 9 and then returns to the tank body 1 through a water distributor 7 to complete water circulation, and the water circulation provides power through a circulating pump 10; the biogas collected in the biogas collecting pipe at the top of the tank body returns to the bottom of the tank body 1 through the gas inlet pipe and the biogas distribution device 5 to complete biogas circulation, and the biogas circulation is powered by a compressor (not shown in the figure).
The biological filler in the first reaction zone 4 and the second reaction zone 3 is BZ-60S3 biological filler.
The water outlet pipe 15 is provided with a water outlet, the water outlet is provided with a valve, the water outlet pipe 15 is also communicated with a pressure stabilizing tube 14 and a dosing tube 13, and the pressure stabilizing tube 14 and the dosing tube 13 are both provided with corresponding control valves.
The top of the tank body 1 is also provided with a negative pressure protector 18; the negative pressure protector 18 is communicated with the water outlet pipe 15 to play a role of water seal, and the safe and closed operation in the tank body 1 is ensured.
An electric safety pressure relief valve 17 is further arranged at the top of the tank body 1, and a power supply of the electric safety pressure relief valve 17 is an independent standby power supply.
The water distributor 7 is provided with a plurality of water outlets which are uniformly distributed, and the water outlets are in a shape like a Chinese character jing and the water outlet direction is downward.
The three-phase separator is a V-plate type three-phase separator.
The top of the tank body 1 is also provided with a reserved charging hole and a lightning rod 19; an observation manhole is further arranged at the top of the tank body 1.
The specific working process of the embodiment is as follows: kitchen waste water to be treated stored in a percolation liquid tank enters from a water inlet pipe 9 positioned at the side part of a reaction device in a continuous feeding mode, enters a tank body 1 through a water distributor 7, and is pumped into a water inlet mixer 8 through a middle circulating pipe 11 after reaching a specified amount, clean water is introduced into the water inlet pipe 9 at the moment, and mixed liquid is pumped into the tank body 1 again through the water distributor 7, so that harmful substances in the waste water are fully diluted, and the influence of the toxic substances on the anaerobic digestion process is greatly reduced. Under the high-efficiency gas-water mixing of the methane gas distribution device 5, the materials are completely mixed with anaerobic strains, so that the contact area of the materials and the anaerobic strains is increased; the first reaction zone 4 and the second reaction zone 3 are biological filler reaction zones, when leachate passes through the first reaction zone 4, anaerobic biological floc is attached to BZ-60S3 biological filler uniformly distributed in a biological filler layer and forms a biological film, so that microorganism loss is prevented, the number of microorganisms is increased, the water inlet load is increased, at the moment, wastewater enters the second reaction zone 3 under the action of methane lifting, except for part of wastewater treated by the first reaction zone 4, the rest wastewater enters the second reaction zone 3 through methane lifting, the sludge concentration in the zone is low, most of organic matters in the wastewater are degraded in the first reaction zone 4, so that the methane generation amount is low, the methane is guided into a gas-liquid separation zone through a three-phase separator, the disturbance to the second reaction zone 3 is small, favorable conditions are provided for the retention of the sludge, and the sludge is settled to the bottom of the tank body 1, and is discharged to a sludge discharge pipeline through a main sludge discharge pipe of the sludge discharge system 6, and then is discharged to the outside; because the water outlets of the water inlet distributor 7 are uniformly distributed with the downward # -shaped outlets, the wastewater to be treated can be fully contacted with anaerobic microorganisms, the treatment efficiency is further improved, and the downward outlets avoid sludge accumulation to cause pollution blockage; the water inlet distributor 7 and the methane distributor are arranged in a staggered way in a shape like Chinese character jing, so that the wastewater can be fully mixed under the stirring action of the methane, the lifting action of the wastewater is increased, anaerobic bacteria are fully contacted with biological fillers in the second reaction zone 3, the microbial biofilm formation is completed, and the treatment load is improved. The kitchen waste water after the anaerobic reaction is effectively separated from mud, water and methane under the separation action of the three-phase separator. The sludge is settled in the three separators, and the three-phase separator is a V-plate type three-phase separator, so that the upstream sludge can be effectively blocked through the included angle of the V-plate, and the settling effect is better; biogas enters three separator air chambers through gas phase collection, settled sludge sinks to a biological filler layer of the second reaction zone 3, aged sludge and a falling biological membrane are discharged to a sludge discharge pipeline through a sludge discharge pipe of a sludge discharge system 6 every operation for one week, supernatant water enters an effluent weir 21 and is discharged to the outside through an effluent pipe 15, and meanwhile, a negative pressure protector 18 can play a role of water sealing to ensure the safe and closed operation of the reaction device; the marsh gas rises to the top of the tank body 1 and is collected by a marsh gas collecting pipe, the collected marsh gas can be discharged through a gas outlet pipe (not shown in the figure) and then used as resource, and can be reused in the tank body 1 through a gas inlet pipe and a marsh gas distributing device 5.
An electric safety relief valve 17 is arranged at the top of the tank body 1, and when the system is powered off or the biogas collecting pipe is blocked due to faults, the electric safety relief valve 17 can be opened to relieve pressure to ensure the safety of the fermentation tank.
The upper part of the water outlet pipe 15 is provided with a pressure stabilizing pipe 14, when the methane collecting pipeline and the electric safety pressure relief valve 17 cannot be opened, and the internal pressure of the tank body 1 is greater than the external pressure, the gas or liquid in the tank body 1 is discharged through the pressure stabilizing pipe 14, so that the internal and external pressure balance is achieved.
The lightning rod 19 is arranged at the top of the tank body 1, and the lightning rod 19 is arranged at the top end of the equipment for eliminating potential safety hazards of lightning attack in summer and ensuring safe, efficient and stable operation of the equipment. The top of the tank body 1 is also provided with a reserved dosing port 16, and if the anaerobic system needs to be dosed, adjusted or acidified, and the like, dosing can be completed through the dosing port.
The upper part of the water outlet weir 21 is provided with a backwashing pipe 20, as kitchen waste water suspended solids are more, when the water outlet pipe 15 is blocked or not smooth, a flushing water pump is started to flush through a backwashing tank, and the flushing water is discharged through the water outlet pipe 15, so that the smooth water outlet of the fermentation tank is ensured.
The utility model is characterized in that:
(1) two layers of biological fillers are arranged in the tank body 1: the reaction zones are connected in series to form a two-stage anaerobic reaction zone, BZ-60S3 biological filler with higher oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance is selected, the free anaerobic strains in the anaerobic reaction zone are attached to the biological filler zone to form a biological film, so that the microbial biomass of an anaerobic system is effectively increased, the treatment load of anaerobic reaction is improved, the interior of the anaerobic reaction zone is divided into a first-stage biological filler reaction zone and a second-stage biological reaction zone, and the impact resistance of an anaerobic reaction device is effectively increased;
(2) 9-way design of a water inlet pipe: the water inlet pipe 9 is mutually linked with the circulating pipeline, when the reaction device enters water, the external circulating pump 10 is started, the circulating water and the entering water are fully mixed through the water inlet mixer 8, so that harmful substances in raw water or the circulating water are fully diluted, the influence of the toxic substances on the anaerobic digestion process is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the indexes such as diluted part of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and the like enable the water quantity of the reaction device to be fully uniform, and the treatment capacity of an anaerobic system is further improved;
(3) stirring the biogas: anaerobic biogas is recycled, compressed by a biogas compressor and then returned into the tank body 1 through the air inlet pipe, so that the biogas is fully mixed with circulating water, anaerobic bacteria in the biomembrane are fully contacted and reacted with raw water or the circulating water under the action of biogas lifting, and toxic and harmful indexes such as COD, TP, TN and the like in the raw water are effectively degraded.
To sum up, the utility model discloses can effectively improve the clearance of mud, promote out water quality of water, be applicable to the kitchen leachate of handling high concentration, high suspended solid, and investment cost is low, very suits extensively promotes in kitchen wastewater treatment field.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A mixed membrane biological method anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater comprises a tank body, and is characterized in that a three-phase separation zone, a second reaction zone, a first reaction zone, a methane gas distribution device, a water distributor and a sludge discharge system are sequentially arranged in the tank body from top to bottom; a pressing beam, a three-phase separator and a bottom beam are arranged in the three-phase separation zone from top to bottom, a water outlet weir is arranged above the pressing beam, the water outlet weir is communicated with a water outlet pipe extending out of the pipe body, and a back flushing pipe is arranged above the water outlet weir; the second reaction zone and the first reaction zone are both biological filler reaction zones, are both fixed with biological film layers through film frames and are connected in series to form a two-stage anaerobic reaction zone; the water distributor is communicated with a water inlet mixer outside the tank body, and the water inlet mixer is communicated with a water inlet pipe; an upper circulating pipe communicated with the outside of the tank body is arranged between the three-phase separation zone and the second reaction zone, a middle circulating pipe communicated with the outside of the tank body is arranged at the part of the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone, control valves are arranged on the upper circulating pipe and the middle circulating pipe, and the upper circulating pipe and the middle circulating pipe are also communicated with a water inlet mixer; the waste water in the tank body reaches the water inlet mixer through the upper circulating pipe and the middle circulating pipe and is mixed with clean water entering from the water inlet pipe and then returns to the tank body through the water distributor to complete water circulation; the biogas distribution device is communicated with an air inlet pipe outside the tank body, a biogas collecting pipe is arranged at the top of the tank body and can be communicated with the air inlet pipe, the biogas collecting pipe and the air inlet pipe are both provided with control valves, power is provided by a compressor, and biogas collected in the biogas collecting pipe at the top of the tank body returns to the bottom of the tank body through the biogas distribution device, so that biogas circulation is completed.
2. The anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater mixed membrane biological method according to claim 1, characterized in that the biological filler in the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone is BZ-60S biological filler.
3. The anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater by mixed membrane biological method according to claim 1, wherein the water outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet, the water outlet is provided with a valve, the water outlet pipe is also communicated with a pressure stabilizing tube and a dosing tube simultaneously, and the pressure stabilizing tube and the dosing tube are both provided with corresponding control valves.
4. The anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater by mixed membrane biological method according to claim 1, wherein a negative pressure protector is further arranged on the top of the tank body to play a water sealing role and ensure safe and closed operation in the tank body.
5. The anaerobic fermentation reactor aiming at kitchen wastewater mixed membrane biological method as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electric safety pressure relief valve is further arranged on the top of the tank body, and a power supply of the electric safety pressure relief valve is an independent standby power supply.
6. The anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater by mixed membrane biological method according to claim 1, wherein the water distributor is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed water outlets which are shaped like a Chinese character 'jing' and the water outlet direction is downward.
7. The anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater mixed membrane biological method according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-phase separator is a V-plate type three-phase separator.
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| CN112047465A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 银川保绿特生物技术有限公司 | Mixed membrane biological method anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater and treatment process thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112047465A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-08 | 银川保绿特生物技术有限公司 | Mixed membrane biological method anaerobic fermentation reactor for kitchen wastewater and treatment process thereof |
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