CN212482921U - Quick detection device for assembling quality and fault diagnosis of combine harvester - Google Patents
Quick detection device for assembling quality and fault diagnosis of combine harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN212482921U CN212482921U CN202021826796.3U CN202021826796U CN212482921U CN 212482921 U CN212482921 U CN 212482921U CN 202021826796 U CN202021826796 U CN 202021826796U CN 212482921 U CN212482921 U CN 212482921U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a quick detection device for the assembly quality and fault diagnosis of a combine harvester, which comprises a vibration sensor, a data acquisition front end, a processing device and a display device; the vibration sensor is respectively arranged on a floor of a cab of the combine harvester, a seat and a steering column, the vibration sensor is connected with the data acquisition front end through a connecting line, and the data acquisition front end, the processing equipment and the display equipment are sequentially connected; the utility model discloses a test method can be quick assemble the quality detection and carry out key work assembly self-checking around combine to the combine of assembly line down and work at every turn, in time discover trouble hidden danger point to get rid of in advance, prolong combine's life, can short-term test combine assembly quality is not enough and the trouble point, has compensatied the blank that internal combine assembly quality detected, has improved efficiency of software testing, has reduced the cost that detects expense and maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of assembly quality detects and failure diagnosis, concretely relates to combine assembly quality and failure diagnosis's quick detection device.
Background
At present, with the proposal of the industrial strategy of manufacturing 2025 in China, the national requirements on the quality of products are increasingly strict. In the field of agricultural machinery, along with the increase of rural land use conditions and the demand of farmers on large-scale harvesting machinery, the assembly quality and the detection level of a combine harvester need to be greatly improved, and the detection device and the detection method which can quickly detect the assembly quality and the fault point are especially important for the current situations of short service life and high fault frequency of the domestic large-scale agricultural harvesting machinery.
The quality and fault detection of the traditional combine harvester are carried out by the experience of maintenance workers or drivers, can not be predicted in advance, and can be found only after the combine harvester has obvious faults or can not work normally, so that the service life of the combine harvester is seriously influenced, farmers sometimes miss good harvesting time, manpower waste and yield loss are caused, and inestimable influence is caused on product brands.
After the 'source-path-receiver' model is proposed, an externally input working transmission path analysis method (OTPA) is mainly used as a method for analyzing and processing automobile vibration and noise, and the OTPA can be applied to agricultural machinery, can quickly find a transmission path with the largest vibration contribution amount, and finds out a specific part through comparison and analysis with data in a database.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, for solving above-mentioned prior art not enough, the utility model aims at providing a combine assembly quality and failure diagnosis's quick detection device, can be quick assemble the quality detection and carry out key work assembly self-checking around combine every time work to the combine of line of assembly, in time discover the hidden trouble point, and get rid of in advance, extension combine's life, can short-term test combine assembly quality not enough and the fault point, the blank that has compensatied domestic combine assembly quality and has detected, the efficiency of software testing is improved, the cost of detection expense and maintenance is reduced.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the quick detection device for the assembly quality and fault diagnosis of the combine harvester comprises a vibration sensor, a data acquisition front end, processing equipment and display equipment; the vibration sensor is respectively arranged on a floor of a cab of the combine harvester, a seat and a steering column, the vibration sensor is connected with the data acquisition front end through a connecting line, and the data acquisition front end, the processing equipment and the display equipment are sequentially connected;
the vibration sensor is used for acquiring vibration signals of each component to be detected, converting acceleration signals into electric signals and transmitting data to the data acquisition front end; the data acquisition front end is used for setting parameters of acquired data, including setting test frequency bandwidth, frequency resolution, average times, input window function and output window function, and transmitting acquired signals to the processing equipment; and the processing equipment calculates the received signal data, compares the signal data with the data in the database for analysis, and outputs and displays the assembly quality problem points or the fault assemblies through the display equipment.
Furthermore, the vibration sensor is a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and the vibration sensor is respectively arranged on a cab floor, a seat and a steering column in a bolt fixing and silicone grease coating mode.
Furthermore, the vibration sensor is also arranged on a vibration source of an engine, a reel, a cutter, a feeding screw feeder, a separating device, a cleaning device, a conveying device and the like of the combine harvester, and is arranged by adopting a magnetic seat or an adhesive mounting mode.
Furthermore, the test frequency bandwidth of the data acquisition front end is 0-512 Hz, the frequency resolution is 0.5Hz, the average number is 50 times, the input window function is a Hanning window, and the output window function is a Hanning window.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model can rapidly detect whether the assembly quality problem or the fault point exists before and after the assembly of the combine harvester is off-line or works, and find out the structure assembly with the assembly quality not reaching the standard or having faults, thereby ensuring the trouble-free production off-line of the combine harvester and smoothly carrying out the harvesting work of the grains, and also can be used as the prompt and the data reference of design development and maintenance;
the utility model discloses requiring differently to operating personnel's experience in the test, the fault can be got rid of fast for the fault, can be carried out vibration transmission path analysis by the professional to the fault point that is difficult to get rid of and discover to the discovery problem, fundamentally gets rid of the crux place of fault point, and this test method has fastly, and the operation analysis is convenient, has reduced test cost's advantage.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the testing process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operational delivery path analysis (OPTA) model in an embodiment;
the labels in the figure are: 1. vibration sensor, 2, data acquisition front end, 3, processing equipment, 4, display device.
Detailed Description
The following provides specific embodiments, which will further clearly, completely and specifically explain the technical solutions of the present invention. The present embodiment is the best embodiment based on the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The quick detection device for the assembly quality and fault diagnosis of the combine harvester comprises a vibration sensor 1, a data acquisition front end 2, a processing device 3 and a display device 4; the vibration sensor 1 is respectively arranged on a floor of a cab of the combine harvester, a seat and a steering column, the vibration sensor 1 is connected with the data acquisition front end 2 through a connecting wire, and the data acquisition front end 2, the processing equipment 3 and the display equipment 4 are sequentially connected;
the vibration sensor 1 is used for acquiring vibration signals of each component to be detected, converting acceleration signals into electric signals and transmitting data to the data acquisition front end 2; the data acquisition front end 2 is used for setting parameters of acquired data, including setting test frequency bandwidth, frequency resolution, average times, input window function and output window function, and transmitting acquired signals to the processing equipment 3; the processing equipment 3 calculates the received signal data, compares the signal data with data in a database and analyzes the data, and outputs and displays the assembly quality problem points or the fault assemblies through the display equipment 4.
Further, the processing device 3 is a CPU or a DSP or a 51-chip microcomputer, and can be carried at a PC end of a computer, and the display device 4 is a computer display screen or a mobile phone.
Further, the vibration sensor 1 is a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and the vibration sensor 1 is respectively arranged on a cab floor, a seat and a steering column in a bolt fixing and silicone grease coating mode.
Further, the vibration sensor 1 is also arranged on a vibration source such as an engine, a reel, a cutter, a feeding auger, a separating device, a cleaning device, a conveying device and the like of the combine harvester, and is arranged by adopting a magnetic seat or an adhesive mounting mode.
Further, the test frequency bandwidth of the data acquisition front end 2 is 0-512 Hz, the frequency resolution is 0.5Hz, the average number is 50 times, the input window function is a Hanning window, and the output window function is a Hanning window.
Further, the utility model discloses a test method, including following step:
s1: carrying out preliminary detection and adjustment on the fault assembly according to the prompt of the display equipment 4;
s2: analyzing fault points which are difficult to diagnose by a professional according to the vibration transmission path;
s21: a vibration sensor 1 is arranged on a vibration source such as an engine, a reel, a cutter, a feeding screw feeder, a separation device, a cleaning device, a conveying device and the like of the combine harvester, a cab floor, a seat and a steering column; each vibration source corresponds to at least 3 transmission paths, and the transmission paths are finally transmitted to target points in a cab, namely the vibration sensor 1 is arranged on the floor of the cab, a seat or a steering column of the combine harvester;
s22: analyzing a vibration source of the combine harvester according to a source-path-receiver mode;
s23: analyzing the vibration transmission paths by adopting a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) working transmission path analysis (OPTA) method to obtain a transmission function and a vibration contribution of each vibration transmission path and a total contribution synthesized by all paths;
s24: and comparing and analyzing the total contribution curve synthesized by the test with the signals in the cab, quickly finding out the frequency which needs to be focused, analyzing the path with the fault at the specific frequency according to the vibration contribution of each path, and finding out the fault source.
Further, in step S21, the vibration sensors 1 provided on the vibration sources of the combine harvester, such as the engine, reel, cutter, feeding auger, detaching device, cleaning device, and conveying device, are all mounted in a magnetic mount or adhesive manner, and the signal cables of the vibration sensors 1 are fixed on the surface of the structure with adhesive tapes.
Further, the step S23 specifically includes the following steps:
a1: the method is characterized in that m vibration sources such as an engine, a reel, a cutter, a feeding auger, a separation device, a cleaning device and a conveying device of the combine harvester are used as excitation, namely, input signals, each excitation force has components (k is 3) in three directions of x, y and z, the number of transmission paths is n, and the calculation formula of working transmission path analysis (OPTA) is as follows:
in the formula (1), Y is a total contribution vector of a transfer path of a target point (cab floor/seat/steering column), T is a transfer function, and X is an excitation force matrix; in the testing method, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is used for carrying out singular value decomposition (T ═ U ∑ V) on transfer function vectors in an OTPA model-1) Thereby eliminating the ill-conditioned equation set; finally, the contribution amount of each transmission path is obtained
A2: singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of the measured transfer function T:
T＝U∑V-1 (2)
in equation (2), U, V is an orthogonal matrix and Σ is a diagonal matrix, which is a matrix of singular values of the transfer function T, and the diagonal value σ thereof isi(i ≦ n) singular value called X satisfying σ1≥σ2≥···σnNot less than 0; wherein, the smaller singular value can be regarded as the noise and crosstalk signal of the signal, and should be eliminated;
a3: the contribution amount of the transmission path can be obtained by substituting the formula (2) into the formula (1).
Further, in the whole test process, in order to reduce the influence of noise as much as possible, the combine harvester is placed in a semi-anechoic room or a relatively wide field, and the door and the window of the cab are sealed. The rapid detection device can be closed after the test is finished; for professional technicians, a magnetic seat type or adhesive type vibration sensor needs to be installed on a vibration source, and the vibration sensor needs to be installed or taken down under the flameout state of the combine harvester and on the premise of ensuring safety.
Further, in this embodiment, in specific implementation, the flow of the testing method of the rapid detection apparatus is as follows:
step 1: the vibration sensor 1 is fixed on the floor of a cab, a seat and a steering column of the combine harvester, and the display equipment 4 is arranged according to the design requirements of the structure and the overall arrangement of the cab and can be arranged at the position of an A column or a front instrument panel or an operating handle of the cab; the main clutch is opened before or after the combine harvester is assembled and disassembled, so that after all working parts of the combine harvester are operated, the switch of the rapid detection device is opened, the rapid detection device can automatically collect vibration signals in a cab, the data are transmitted to the processing equipment 3, the processing equipment 3 calculates, analyzes and compares the data, a preliminary judgment result is displayed through the display equipment 4, and if the collected signals are within a set threshold range, the display equipment 4 displays 'normal';
step 2: if the display device 4 displays a problem component, such as a 'feeding auger problem', a maintenance worker can directly check the assembly parameters of the feeding auger and adjust the assembly position of the feeding auger until the fault code disappears;
and step 3: if according to the fault code, the maintenance personnel are difficult to detect the specific assembly quality problem or fault reason, a professional technician is required to analyze each transmission path, a magnetic seat type vibration sensor 1 is installed on a monitoring point of each vibration source of the combine harvester, calculation is carried out by combining a vibration signal in a cab, and the transmission path with large vibration contribution amount is analyzed, so that the assembly quality problem or fault point is found out and eliminated.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a combine assembly quality and failure diagnosis's quick detection device, can be quick carry out assembly quality to the combine of assembly line and detect and carry out key work assembly self-checking around combine every time works, in time discover trouble hidden danger point to get rid of in advance, extension combine's life, can short-term test combine assembly quality not enough and the trouble point, compensatied the blank that internal combine assembly quality detected, improved efficiency of software testing, reduced the cost of detection expense and maintenance.
The essential features, the basic principle and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and that the present invention can be modified in various ways according to the actual situation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are all within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. Quick detection device of combine assembly quality and failure diagnosis, its characterized in that: the system comprises a vibration sensor (1), a data acquisition front end (2), a processing device (3) and a display device (4); the vibration sensor (1) is respectively arranged on a floor of a cab, a seat and a steering column of the combine harvester, the vibration sensor (1) is connected with the data acquisition front end (2) through a connecting line, and the data acquisition front end (2), the processing equipment (3) and the display equipment (4) are sequentially connected;
the vibration sensor (1) is used for acquiring vibration signals of each component to be detected, converting acceleration signals into electric signals and transmitting data to the data acquisition front end (2); the data acquisition front end (2) is used for setting parameters of acquired data, including setting test frequency bandwidth, frequency resolution, average times, input window function and output window function, and transmitting acquired signals to the processing equipment (3); and the processing equipment (3) calculates the received signal data, compares the signal data with the data in the database for analysis, and outputs and displays the assembly quality problem points or the fault assemblies through the display equipment (4).
2. The rapid detection device for the assembly quality and fault diagnosis of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration sensor (1) is a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and the vibration sensor (1) is respectively arranged on a cab floor, a seat and a steering column in a mode of bolt fixing and coating silicone grease.
3. The rapid detection device for the assembly quality and fault diagnosis of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration sensor (1) is also arranged on vibration sources such as an engine, a reel, a cutter, a feeding auger, a separating device, a cleaning device, a conveying device and the like of the combine harvester, and is arranged by adopting a magnetic seat or an adhesive mounting mode.
4. The rapid detection device for the assembly quality and fault diagnosis of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test frequency bandwidth of the data acquisition front end (2) is 0-512 Hz, the frequency resolution is 0.5Hz, the average is 50 times, the input window function is a Hanning window, and the output window function is the Hanning window.
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Assignee: Yihuida (Henan) New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HENAN University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2023980048887 Denomination of utility model: A Rapid Testing Device for Assembly Quality and Fault Diagnosis of Combine Harvesters Granted publication date: 20210205 License type: Common License Record date: 20231130 |