CN212440731U - Energy-saving boiler tail gas clean-up system - Google Patents
Energy-saving boiler tail gas clean-up system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212440731U CN212440731U CN202020931674.4U CN202020931674U CN212440731U CN 212440731 U CN212440731 U CN 212440731U CN 202020931674 U CN202020931674 U CN 202020931674U CN 212440731 U CN212440731 U CN 212440731U
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The application discloses an energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system, which comprises a washing tower, a washing pump, a pure water pipeline, an energy-saving pump, an energy-saving water pipeline, an air preheater, a steam pipeline and an air reheater; a flue gas inlet is formed in the side surface of the washing tower, a flue gas outlet is formed in the top of the washing tower, a flow equalizing layer, a Venturi tube grid layer, a washing spraying layer and a demisting layer are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet in the washing tower from bottom to top, and a washing liquid circulating pool is arranged below the flue gas inlet; the washing pump is used for communicating the washing liquid circulating tank with the washing spraying layer to form a circulating loop; the energy-saving pump connects the flow equalizing layer and the air preheater into a circulating loop; the grid layer of the Venturi tube is connected with a pure water pipeline. The low-grade waste heat in the low industrial tail gas can be effectively recovered, and the recovered waste heat is used for preheating boiler air and supplementing water to a boiler deaerator, so that the energy consumption of boiler operation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy and energy conservation, in particular to an energy-saving tail gas purification system.
Background
About 50% of heat in industrial production is directly discharged to the atmosphere in various forms of waste heat, which not only wastes energy, but also causes thermal pollution to the environment. Reasonably recovering the waste heat of the medium-low temperature flue gas, and having important significance for energy conservation and consumption reduction of enterprises. The flue gas waste heat can be divided into low, medium and high temperature flue gas waste heat according to different temperatures, wherein the temperature of the low temperature flue gas waste heat resource is less than 100 ℃, the temperature of the medium temperature flue gas waste heat resource is between 100 and 300 ℃, and the temperature of the high temperature flue gas waste heat resource is more than 300 ℃. The method is different because of different temperatures of the flue gas waste heat. Industrial boilers and furnaces are important sources of middle and low temperature flue gas waste heat, and compared with middle and high temperature flue gas waste heat, the low temperature flue gas waste heat has the following characteristics: the quality is low; a large amount of the additive exists in various civil boilers, and the distribution is dispersed; the smoke discharging temperature is lower, and the dew point corrosion problem is more serious; the heat transfer temperature difference is small. The heat exchanger applied to the low-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery project is required to be small in size, small in resistance, high in heat transfer efficiency, corrosion-resistant, easy to maintain and suitable for heat transfer under small temperature difference. Under the background, the traditional heat exchanger with lower heat exchange coefficient, large volume, high resistance and difficult maintenance can not meet the requirement. Therefore, the development of a medium-low temperature flue gas waste heat recovery technology with high efficiency, low resistance and good economy is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the current industrial and industrial tail gas waste heat recovery.
The industrial tail gas of industrial boilers, furnaces and the like also contains a large amount of SOX、NOXAnd pollutants such as HCL and dust, which need to be treated and purified to reach the emission standard before industrial tail gas is discharged. The purification treatment process of the tail gas of industrial boilers and furnaces mostly adopts a wet washing method, and the tail gas and washing liquid are in reverse flow reaction in a washing tower, so that the washing and purification of pollutants in the tail gas are realized. In industrial exhaust gasesMost of the waste heat is transferred to the washing liquid in the washing process, so that the washing liquid is heated, the temperature of the industrial tail gas is reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the problem of low-temperature tail gas waste heat recovery is further solved. Meanwhile, in the process of heat exchange and temperature reduction of the medium-low temperature industrial tail gas, along with the reduction of the temperature, water vapor and SO in the tail gasXThe method is easy to generate sulfuric acid mist, corrodes metal heat exchange equipment, causes the problem that a heat exchange system cannot stably operate, can only recover heat above the acid dew point temperature of industrial tail gas by adopting a conventional heat taking process, and cannot recover heat below the acid dew point temperature. Acid dew point temperature of industrial tail gas along with water vapor and SO in tail gasXThe content varies with the difference, generally between 80 ℃ and 100 ℃, the heat below the acid dew point in the industrial tail gas is huge, and the method has important economic benefit and environmental benefit for the recovery and utilization of the part of heat.
In summary, the following steps: the method has important significance for recovering a large amount of medium-low temperature waste heat discharged by industrial tail gas, but the prior art has the following problems: 1. the heat above the acid dew point temperature of the industrial tail gas can only be taken out and utilized by adopting the conventional heat exchange technology, and the taken-out heat is limited; 2. most of heat of the industrial tail gas entering the industrial tail gas pollutant purification system is transferred to the washing liquid, the temperature of the tail gas is sharply reduced, and the heat in the low-temperature flue gas and the washing liquid is difficult to effectively recover; 3. the waste heat grade of the middle and low temperature industrial tail gas is low, and the waste heat is difficult to recycle. Therefore, the development of low-grade industrial tail gas waste heat recovery and utilization technology based on the existing industrial tail gas pollutant purification system is urgent.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides an energy-saving boiler tail gas clean system effectively retrieves low-grade waste heat in the boiler tail gas to be used for boiler wind to preheat and boiler oxygen-eliminating device moisturizing to preheat with retrieving the waste heat, reduce boiler operation energy consumption.
An energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system comprises a washing tower, a washing pump, a pure water pipeline, an energy-saving pump, an energy-saving water pipeline, an air preheater, a steam pipeline and an air reheater;
a flue gas inlet is formed in the side surface of the washing tower, a flue gas outlet is formed in the top of the washing tower, a flow equalizing layer, a Venturi tube grid layer, a washing spraying layer and a demisting layer are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet in the washing tower from bottom to top, and a washing liquid circulating pool is arranged below the flue gas inlet;
an inlet of the washing pump is communicated with the washing liquid circulating pool through a pipeline, and an outlet of the washing pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the washing spraying layer through a pipeline;
the outlet of the energy-saving pump is communicated with the water inlet of the flow-equalizing layer through an energy-saving water pipeline, the water outlet of the flow-equalizing layer is communicated with the water inlet of the air preheater through an energy-saving water pipeline, and the water outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the inlet of the energy-saving pump through a pipeline;
the supply pipeline of the pure water pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of the Venturi tube grid layer, and the discharge pipeline of the pure water pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the Venturi tube grid layer;
and a steam inlet pipeline of the steam pipeline is communicated with an inlet of the air reheater, and a steam outlet pipeline of the steam pipeline is communicated with an outlet of the air reheater.
Several alternatives are provided below, but not as an additional limitation to the above general solution, but merely as a further addition or preference, each alternative being combinable individually for the above general solution or among several alternatives without technical or logical contradictions.
Optionally, the flow equalizing layer is obliquely arranged in the washing tower, and the bottom of the flow equalizing layer is flush with the top edge of the flue gas inlet near the flue gas inlet side and flush with the bottom edge of the flue gas inlet far from the flue gas inlet side.
Optionally, the current equalizing layer includes a plurality of current equalizing modules tightly assembled, and a single current equalizing module is rectangular; each flow equalizing module comprises two cuboid cavities and a row of metal pipes communicated with the two cuboid cavities; one of the cuboid cavities is provided with a flow equalizing module water inlet, and the other cuboid cavity is provided with a flow equalizing module water outlet; the water inlets of all the flow equalizing modules are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water inlets of the flow equalizing layer, and the water outlets of all the flow equalizing modules are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water outlets of the flow equalizing layer; the pipe diameter of the metal pipe is 30mm-80mm, the gap between the metal pipes is 1.0-3.0 times of the metal diameter, and the length of the metal pipe is 1000mm-2500 mm.
Optionally, the axis of the metal pipe in the flow equalizing module is perpendicular to the airflow direction at the inlet of the washing tower, a metal flow equalizing pore plate is arranged at the arch area between the flow equalizing module and the arc-shaped tower wall, and the metal flow equalizing pore plate and the bottom of the flow equalizing layer are on the same inclined plane; the aperture of the metal flow equalizing pore plate is 20mm-35mm, and the aperture ratio is 20% -35%.
Optionally, the venturi tube grid layer comprises a plurality of venturi tube grid modules which are closely arranged and assembled on the horizontal section of the washing tower; the single venturi grid module is rectangular.
Optionally, the venturi tube grid module includes a water inlet cavity, a water outlet cavity and a plurality of rows of metal tubes which are equally spaced and uniformly distributed in a single row, wherein one end port of each metal tube is communicated with the water inlet cavity, and the other end port of each metal tube is communicated with the water outlet cavity; the water inlet cavity is provided with a pipe grid module water inlet, and the water outlet cavity is provided with a pipe grid module water outlet; all the water inlets of the tube grid modules are communicated with the water inlet of the Venturi tube grid layer after being connected in parallel, and the water outlets of all the tube grid modules are communicated with the water outlet of the Venturi tube grid layer after being connected in parallel.
Optionally, the thickness of the metal pipe wall of the Venturi tube grid module is 0.1mm-1.2mm, and the diameter is 20mm-40 mm; the gap distance between two horizontally adjacent metal pipes is 1/3-1 of the diameter of the metal pipe, and the gap distance between two vertically adjacent layers is 1/2-1 of the diameter of the metal pipe.
Optionally, a metal porous plate is installed at an arch area formed between the rectangular venturi tube grid module and the arc-shaped tower wall, the aperture of the metal porous plate is 15-30 mm, and the aperture ratio is 20-40%.
Optionally, the air preheater and the air heater are installed at an air inlet of a blower of the boiler; the air preheater, the air reheater and the boiler blower are sequentially arranged along the air inlet flow direction of the boiler; the air preheater and the air reheater are both metal finned tubes, and a medium flowing in the air preheater is energy-saving water from the flow equalizing layer; and a medium flowing in the air reheater is high-temperature steam.
Optionally, the pure water pipeline is connected with a boiler deaerator.
Compared with the prior art, the application has at least one of the following effects:
(1) the application provides a solution for recovering flue gas waste heat in a boiler tail gas washing tower, wherein a flow equalizing layer and a Venturi tube grid layer with indirect heat exchange functions are arranged below a washing and spraying layer above a flue gas inlet of the washing tower, so that waste heat discharged by the boiler tail gas is recovered in a grading manner, and the waste heat discharge of the boiler tail gas is reduced;
(2) the application provides a solution for reducing the energy consumption of boiler operation, which adopts energy-saving water as a tail gas waste heat recovery medium in a flow equalization layer, preheats the recycled flue gas into the boiler to supply air, and reduces the coal consumption in the boiler operation process; boiler water supplementing pure water is used as a Venturi tube grid layer waste heat recovery medium, so that the operation energy consumption of the deaerator is reduced;
(3) the application provides a solution for reducing the operation energy consumption of a boiler tail gas purification system, and the inclined arrangement and the pipeline design of a flow equalizing layer are adopted, so that the flowing uniformity and the gas-liquid contact uniformity of flue gas in a washing tower are enhanced, and the pollutant purification efficiency is improved; a Venturi tube grid layer is arranged below the spraying layer to strengthen the gas-liquid turbulence effect, so that the pollutant removal efficiency is further improved; the temperature and the flow velocity of the flue gas in the washing tower are reduced through two-stage heat exchange, and the gas-liquid contact time is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system according to the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the flow-equalizing layer and the venturi-grid layer in the scrubber tower.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the current equalizing layer in fig. 1 and 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a split structure of the flow equalizing layer shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single current equalizing module in fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 4.
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the venturi grid layer of figures 1 and 2.
Figure 8 is a schematic view of a split configuration of the venturi grid layer shown in figure 7.
Figure 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a single venturi grid module of figures 7 and 8.
Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 7.
The reference numerals shown in the figures are as follows:
1-washing tower 2-flow-equalizing layer 3-Venturi tube grid layer
4-washing spray layer 5-demisting layer 6-flue gas inlet
7-flue gas outlet 8-washing pump 9-pure water supply pipeline
10-pure water supply valve 11-pure water discharge pipeline 12-energy-saving pump
13-energy-saving water inlet pipeline 14-energy-saving water inlet valve 15-energy-saving water outlet pipeline
16-air preheater drain 17-air preheater 18-air reheater
19-steam feed line 20-condensate removal line 21-boiler blower
22-boiler deaerator 23-energy-saving water buffer tank
210-flow equalizing module 220-metal flow equalizing pore plate
211-current-sharing metal pipe 212-first cuboid cavity 213-second cuboid cavity
214-flow equalizing module water inlet 215-flow equalizing module water outlet
310-Venturi tube grid Module 320-Metal perforated plate
311-pipe grid metal pipe 312-water inlet cavity 313-water outlet cavity
314-pipe grid module water inlet 315-pipe grid module water outlet
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
For a better description and illustration of embodiments of the application, reference may be made to one or more of the drawings, but additional details or examples for describing the drawings should not be construed as limiting the scope of any of the inventive concepts of the present application, the presently described embodiments, or the preferred versions.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
As shown in fig. 1, an energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system includes a washing tower 1, a washing pump 8, a pure water pipeline, an energy-saving pump 12, an energy-saving water pipeline, an air preheater 17, a steam pipeline, and an air reheater 18. The pure water pipeline comprises a pure water supply pipeline 9 and a pure water discharge pipeline 11, and a pure water supply valve is arranged on the pure water supply pipeline 9; the energy-saving water pipeline comprises an energy-saving water inlet pipe pipeline 13, an energy-saving water outlet pipe pipeline 15 and an air preheater drain pipe 16, and an energy-saving water inlet valve 14 is arranged on the energy-saving water inlet pipe pipeline 13; the steam line comprises a steam inlet line 19 and a condensate outlet line 20.
The washing tower 1 can adopt a wet spray tower, a flue gas inlet 6 is arranged on the side surface of the washing tower 1, a flue gas outlet 7 is arranged at the top of the washing tower 1, a flow equalizing layer 2, a Venturi tube grid layer 3, a washing spray layer 3 and a demisting layer 5 are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet 6 and the flue gas outlet 7 in the washing tower 1 from bottom to top, and a washing liquid circulating pool is arranged below the flue gas inlet. The washing spray layer 3, the demisting layer 5 and the washing liquid circulating pool are all arranged by adopting the conventional arrangement of a spray tower. The washing pump 8 is a circulating pump, the inlet of the washing pump is communicated with the washing liquid circulating pool through a pipeline, and the outlet of the washing pump 8 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the washing spraying layer 4 through a pipeline.
The energy-saving pump 12 is a water pump, the outlet of the energy-saving pump is communicated with the water inlet of the flow equalizing layer 2 through an energy-saving water inlet pipeline 13, the water outlet of the flow equalizing layer 2 is communicated with the water inlet of the air preheater 17 through an energy-saving water outlet pipe 15, the water outlet of the air preheater 17 is connected into the energy-saving water buffer tank 23 through an air preheater drain pipe 16, the inlet of the energy-saving pump 12 is communicated with the energy-saving water buffer tank 23 through a pipeline, and a circulation loop of the flow equalizing layer heating liquid is formed. The pure water supply pipeline 9 is communicated with a water inlet of the Venturi tube grid layer 3, and the pure water discharge pipeline 11 is communicated with a water outlet of the Venturi tube grid layer 3. The steam inlet line 19 communicates with the steam inlet of the air reheater 18, and the condensate drain line 20 communicates with the condensate drain outlet of the air reheater 18.
High-temperature flue gas is sent into the scrubbing tower through the flue gas entry, and upward flow passes through flow equalizing layer 2, venturi grid layer 3, washing spray layer 4 and defogging layer 5 in proper order, sprays the washing with the reverse contact of the liquid that sprays on washing spray layer, and the clean flue gas after defogging layer 5 defogging is finally discharged through exhanst gas outlet 7. The flow equalizing layer is positioned above the flue gas inlet and rectifies high-temperature flue gas from the flue gas inlet; venturi tube grid layer 3 is located the layer top that flow equalizes, and in the Venturi tube grid layer, the pure water carries out the heat exchange through metal Venturi tube grid layer metal pipe wall and flue gas and spraying thick liquid. The energy-saving water circulates in the flow equalizing layer, and the energy-saving water is sent into the air preheater 17 through the energy-saving water outlet pipeline after exchanging heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the flow equalizing layer, and can be used for preheating the inlet air of the boiler blower 21 as a circulating medium of the air preheater. Pure water flows through the Venturi tube grid layer 3, the pure water carries out heat exchange with the spraying slurry through the Venturi tube grid layer, and the pure water after temperature rise is sent out through a pure water discharge pipeline 19 and can be used for water supplement of a boiler deaerator 22.
The distribution mode of the flow equalizing layer 2 and the Venturi tube grid layer 3 in the washing tower is shown in figure 2, the flow equalizing layer is obliquely arranged above the flue gas inlet 6, and the Venturi tube grid layer 3 is horizontally arranged above the flow equalizing layer 2.
The top of 6 tops of flue gas entry are located to the layer 2 that flow equalizes, and as a mode of setting up of the layer that flow equalizes, the layer that flow equalizes sets up in the scrubbing tower in the slope, and the bottom of layer 2 that flow equalizes is being close to the top edge parallel and level of flue gas entry and flue gas entry 6, keeping away from the flue gas entry side, and the bottom of layer 2 that flow equalizes is along the parallel and level with the bottom of flue gas entry 6 (see fig. 2).
The high-temperature flue gas entering the washing tower from the inlet flue possibly cannot flow upwards uniformly under the action of the impulsive force of the flue gas flow, and the flow equalizing layer is used for rectifying the flue gas to ensure that the high-temperature flue gas flows upwards uniformly. As an implementation manner of the current-sharing layer, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the current-sharing layer 2 includes a plurality of current-sharing modules 210, each current-sharing module 210 is rectangular, and the structure of the current-sharing layer is as shown in fig. 5, and includes two rectangular cavities (a first rectangular cavity 212 and a second rectangular cavity 213) and a row of metal tubes (for distinguishing the metal tubes of the venturi tube grid layer, the metal tubes are named as current-sharing metal tubes 211) that communicate the two rectangular cavities; the first cuboid cavity 212 is provided with a flow equalizing module water inlet 214, and the second cuboid cavity 213 is provided with a flow equalizing module water outlet 215.
The flow equalizing modules 210 are closely arranged on the inclined plane where the flow equalizing layer is located, the arc-shaped area between the rectangular flow equalizing modules 210 and the arc-shaped tower wall is provided with a metal flow equalizing pore plate 220 (see fig. 3 and 4), the metal flow equalizing pore plate and the bottom of the flow equalizing layer are on the same inclined plane (see fig. 2), and through holes are uniformly formed in the metal flow equalizing pore plate (see fig. 6). All the flow equalizing module water inlets 214 are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water inlets of the flow equalizing layer, and all the flow equalizing module water outlets 215 are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water outlets of the flow equalizing layer.
When the flow equalizing modules are installed on the inclined surface, in one embodiment, all the flow equalizing modules 210 are installed with their flow equalizing metal pipes 211 extending horizontally (see fig. 2 to 4), and the axes of the metal pipes in the flow equalizing modules are perpendicular to the inlet airflow direction of the washing tower.
As a specific embodiment of the flow equalizing metal tube 211, the diameter of the flow equalizing metal tube is 30mm-80mm, the gap between the flow equalizing metal tubes is 1.0-3.0 times of the diameter of the flow equalizing metal tube, and the length of the flow equalizing metal tube is 1000mm-2500 mm.
As a specific embodiment of the metal flow equalizing plate 220, the aperture of the metal flow equalizing plate is 20mm-35mm, and the aperture ratio is 20% -35%.
The venturi tube grid layer 3 is located between the flow equalizing layer 2 and the spraying and washing layer 4, and is used for taking heat from the spraying liquid and enhancing the purification efficiency of pollutants, as an implementation manner of the venturi tube grid layer, as shown in fig. 7 to 10, the venturi tube grid layer 3 includes a plurality of venturi tube grid modules 310, and the venturi tube grid modules 310 are closely arranged on the horizontal section of the washing tower for assembly (see fig. 2).
The single venturi tube grid module 310 is rectangular, and has a structure as shown in fig. 9, and includes a water inlet cavity 312, a water outlet cavity 313, and a plurality of metal tubes (distinguished from the metal tubes in the flow equalizing layer, the metal tubes are named as tube grid metal tubes 311), wherein the metal tubes in adjacent tube grids are distributed at equal intervals, and the metal tubes in a single-layer tube grid are also distributed at equal intervals. One end port of each of the tube grid metal tubes 311 is communicated with the water inlet cavity 312, and the other end port of each of the metal tubes is communicated with the water outlet cavity 313; the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity can be both of a cuboid structure, the pipe grid module water inlets 314 are arranged on all the water inlet cavities, and the pipe grid module water outlets 315 are arranged on all the water outlet cavities 313; all the water inlets of the tube grid modules are communicated with the water inlet of the Venturi tube grid layer after being connected in parallel, and the water outlets of all the tube grid modules are communicated with the water outlet of the Venturi tube grid layer after being connected in parallel.
As a selection of a distribution mode of the metal tubes in the single tube grid module, the metal tubes between the adjacent tube grid metal tubes may be overlapped or staggered, when the metal tubes are overlapped, the upper metal tube is located right above the lower metal tube, and when the metal tubes are staggered, the upper metal tube is located right above the gap between the lower metal tubes, as shown in fig. 8, the upper metal tube is correspondingly located right above the gap between the lower metal tubes.
As a specific embodiment of the tube grid metal tube 311, the tube thickness of the tube grid metal tube is 0.1mm-1.2mm, and the diameter is 20mm-40 mm; the gap distance between two horizontally adjacent tube grid metal tubes is 1/3-1 of the tube diameter of the tube grid metal tube, and the gap distance between two vertically adjacent layers is 1/2-1 of the diameter of the tube grid metal tube.
When a plurality of rectangular venturi tube grid modules 310 are tightly installed on the horizontal section in the washing tower, a metal perforated plate 320 is installed at the arched area formed between the rectangular venturi tube grid modules 310 and the arched tower wall, and holes are uniformly formed on the metal perforated plate 320 (see fig. 2, 7, 8 and 10). As a specific embodiment of the metal porous plate, the metal porous plate has a pore diameter of 15mm to 30mm and an aperture ratio of 20% to 40%.
The energy-saving water heated by the flow equalizing layer can be used for preheating inlet air of a boiler blower, and in one specific embodiment, an air preheater 17 and an air heater 18 are arranged at the air inlet of a boiler blower 21; the air preheater 17, the air reheater 18, and the boiler blower 21 are disposed in this order along the flow direction of the boiler intake air. The low-temperature environment air flows through the air preheater 17 along the horizontal direction under the action of the boiler blower 21 and exchanges heat with high-temperature energy-saving water in the air preheater 17, air preheating is achieved, the energy-saving water which completes heat exchange and temperature reduction is sent to a flow equalizing layer by the energy-saving pump 12 to circularly obtain heat, the air which completes waste heat temperature rise continues to flow through the air reheater 18 along the horizontal direction, high-temperature steam enters from a steam inlet of the air reheater 18 through a steam input pipeline 19 and is further heated by the air reheater, the steam which completes heat exchange is discharged from a steam outlet of the air reheater through a condensate water discharge pipe 20, the air which completes preheating and heating is sent into a boiler hearth through the boiler blower 21, and the energy consumption of boiler operation is.
As a specific embodiment of the air preheater and the air reheater, the air preheater 17 and the air reheater 18 are both metal finned tubes, and the flowing medium in the air preheater is energy-saving water from the flow-equalizing layer; the medium flowing through the air reheater is high-temperature steam.
The pure water heated by the venturi tube grid layer may be used as water for the boiler deaerator 22, and in one embodiment, the pure water discharge line 11 is connected to the boiler deaerator 22. In the metal tube of venturi grid layer 3 was sent into by pure water supply line 9 to low temperature pure water, with the flue gas and the washing liquid heat transfer on gas-liquid turbulent layer intensifies the back, send to boiler oxygen-eliminating device 22 by pure water discharge line 11, improve boiler oxygen-eliminating device inlet water temperature, reduce boiler oxygen-eliminating device operation energy consumption and adopt above-mentioned system to carry out the energy-conserving method of purifying of boiler tail gas, include:
(1) the washing liquid in the washing liquid circulation pool is conveyed to a washing spray layer by a washing pump to be atomized into washing liquid drops, the atomized liquid drops move downwards under the action of gravity, sequentially pass through a Venturi tube grid layer and a flow equalizing layer and then fall into the washing liquid circulation pool, and a dynamic liquid film flowing downwards is formed on the surfaces of metal tubes of the Venturi tube grid layer and the flow equalizing layer;
(2) high-temperature boiler tail gas carrying pollutants enters a washing tower from a flue gas inlet of the washing tower, airflow flowing horizontally upwards uniformly circulates under the flow guide effect of a metal pipe of a flow equalizing layer, partial pollutants in the high-temperature flue gas are trapped by a liquid film on the surface of the metal pipe, partial heat in the flue gas exchanges heat with energy-saving water in the metal pipe through the liquid film on the surface of the flow equalizing layer, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced;
(3) the flue gas after rectification and heat exchange of the flow equalizing layer flows upwards and sequentially passes through the Venturi tube grid layer and the washing spray layer, the flow velocity of the flue gas is rapidly increased in the Venturi tube grid layer, spray liquid drops and high-speed airflow generate strong reverse turbulence in the Venturi tube grid layer, a large amount of spray liquid is atomized into fine fog drops by the high-speed airflow atomization layer, a gas-liquid turbulence layer with a certain thickness is formed, the fine liquid drops and the high-speed airflow generate strong mass transfer and heat transfer reactions in the gas-liquid turbulence layer, most pollutants in the flue gas are removed in the gas-liquid turbulence layer, and heat in the flue gas and the washing liquid is transferred to pure water in the metal tube through the wall of the metal tube of the Venturi;
(4) the energy-saving water after heat exchange and temperature rise is driven by an energy-saving pump to be sent to a water inlet of the air preheater, flows in the finned metal tubes in the air preheater, low-temperature ambient air flows through the air preheater horizontally under the action of a boiler blower, the energy-saving water which exchanges heat with the high-temperature energy-saving water in the air preheater through fins to realize air preheating, the energy-saving water which finishes heat exchange and temperature reduction is conveyed to a flow equalizing layer through an energy-saving pump pipeline from a water outlet of the air preheater to circularly obtain heat, the air which finishes waste heat temperature rise continuously flows through the air reheater along the horizontal direction, high-temperature steam enters from a steam inlet of the air reheater, the air is further heated through the metal finned tubes of the air reheater, steam which completes heat exchange is discharged from a steam outlet pipeline of the air reheater, and the air which completes preheating and heating is sent to a boiler hearth by a boiler blower, so that the energy consumption of boiler operation is reduced;
(5) the low-temperature pure water is sent into a metal pipe of a Venturi tube grid layer through a pure water supply pipeline, and is sent to a boiler deaerator through a pure water discharge pipeline after heat exchange and temperature rise with flue gas and washing liquid of a gas-liquid turbulent layer, so that the water inlet temperature of the boiler deaerator is increased, and the operation energy consumption of the boiler deaerator is reduced;
(6) the flue gas after the two-stage heat exchange is further subjected to pollutant removal through a spraying and washing layer to realize flue gas purification, and the flue gas after the washing and purification is subjected to washing liquid drop removal through a desizing layer and then is discharged from a flue gas outlet at the top of the washing tower.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system is characterized by comprising a washing tower, a washing pump, a pure water pipeline, an energy-saving pump, an energy-saving water pipeline, an air preheater, a steam pipeline and an air reheater;
a flue gas inlet is formed in the side surface of the washing tower, a flue gas outlet is formed in the top of the washing tower, a flow equalizing layer, a Venturi tube grid layer, a washing spraying layer and a demisting layer are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet in the washing tower from bottom to top, and a washing liquid circulating pool is arranged below the flue gas inlet;
an inlet of the washing pump is communicated with the washing liquid circulating pool through a pipeline, and an outlet of the washing pump is communicated with a liquid inlet of the washing spraying layer through a pipeline;
the outlet of the energy-saving pump is communicated with the water inlet of the flow-equalizing layer through an energy-saving water pipeline, the water outlet of the flow-equalizing layer is communicated with the water inlet of the air preheater through an energy-saving water pipeline, and the water outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the inlet of the energy-saving pump through a pipeline;
the supply pipeline of the pure water pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of the Venturi tube grid layer, and the discharge pipeline of the pure water pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the Venturi tube grid layer;
and a steam inlet pipeline of the steam pipeline is communicated with an inlet of the air reheater, and a steam outlet pipeline of the steam pipeline is communicated with an outlet of the air reheater.
2. The energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system according to claim 1, wherein the flow equalizing layer is arranged in the washing tower in an inclined manner, and the bottom of the flow equalizing layer is flush with the top edge of the flue gas inlet close to the flue gas inlet side and flush with the bottom edge of the flue gas inlet far from the flue gas inlet side.
3. The energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow equalizing layer comprises a plurality of flow equalizing modules which are tightly assembled, and a single flow equalizing module is rectangular; each flow equalizing module comprises two cuboid cavities and a row of metal pipes communicated with the two cuboid cavities; one of the cuboid cavities is provided with a flow equalizing module water inlet, and the other cuboid cavity is provided with a flow equalizing module water outlet; the water inlets of all the flow equalizing modules are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water inlets of the flow equalizing layer, and the water outlets of all the flow equalizing modules are connected in parallel and then communicated with the water outlets of the flow equalizing layer; the pipe diameter of the metal pipe is 30mm-80mm, the gap between the metal pipes is 1.0-3.0 times of the metal diameter, and the length of the metal pipe is 1000mm-2500 mm.
4. The energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system according to claim 3, wherein the axes of the metal tubes in the flow equalizing module are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the inlet airflow of the washing tower, a metal flow equalizing pore plate is arranged at the arch area between the flow equalizing module and the arc-shaped tower wall, and the metal flow equalizing pore plate and the bottom of the flow equalizing layer are on the same inclined plane; the aperture of the metal flow equalizing pore plate is 20mm-35mm, and the aperture ratio is 20% -35%.
5. An energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the venturi tube grid layer comprises a plurality of venturi tube grid modules which are closely arranged and assembled on the horizontal section of the washing tower; the single venturi grid module is rectangular.
6. The energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the venturi tube grid module comprises a water inlet cavity, a water outlet cavity and a plurality of rows of metal tubes which are equally spaced and uniformly distributed in a single row, wherein one end port of each metal tube is communicated with the water inlet cavity, and the other end port of each metal tube is communicated with the water outlet cavity; the water inlet cavity is provided with a pipe grid module water inlet, and the water outlet cavity is provided with a pipe grid module water outlet; all the water inlets of the tube grid modules are communicated with the water inlet of the Venturi tube grid layer after being connected in parallel, and the water outlets of all the tube grid modules are communicated with the water outlet of the Venturi tube grid layer after being connected in parallel.
7. The energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system according to claim 6, wherein the metal tube wall thickness of the venturi tube grid module is 0.1mm-1.2mm, and the diameter is 20mm-40 mm; the gap distance between two horizontally adjacent metal pipes is 1/3-1 of the diameter of the metal pipe, and the gap distance between two vertically adjacent layers is 1/2-1 of the diameter of the metal pipe.
8. The energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system according to claim 5, wherein a metal porous plate is installed at an arched area formed between the rectangular Venturi tube grid module and the arched tower wall, the aperture of the metal porous plate is 15-30 mm, and the aperture ratio is 20-40%.
9. The energy saving boiler tail gas clean-up system of claim 1, characterized in that the air preheater and the air heater are installed at the air inlet of the boiler blower; the air preheater, the air reheater and the boiler blower are sequentially arranged along the air inlet flow direction of the boiler; the air preheater and the air reheater are both metal finned tubes, and a medium flowing in the air preheater is energy-saving water from the flow equalizing layer; and a medium flowing in the air reheater is high-temperature steam.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111589290A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-28 | 新疆天富环保科技有限公司 | Energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111589290A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-28 | 新疆天富环保科技有限公司 | Energy-saving boiler tail gas purification system and method |
| CN111589290B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2024-02-20 | 新疆天富环保科技有限公司 | Energy-saving type boiler tail gas purification system and method |
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