CN212210000U - Wavelength-tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source output device - Google Patents
Wavelength-tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source output device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212210000U CN212210000U CN202021335700.3U CN202021335700U CN212210000U CN 212210000 U CN212210000 U CN 212210000U CN 202021335700 U CN202021335700 U CN 202021335700U CN 212210000 U CN212210000 U CN 212210000U
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005469 synchrotron radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet source output device with tunable wavelength. The utility model discloses constitute by mixing system, laser system and detecting system. The mixing system mainly comprises an adjustable mixing pool, a fixed mixing pool and a gas distribution system. The laser system mainly comprises a pump source, a first dye laser and a second dye laser. The detection system mainly comprises a vacuum cavity, a vacuum pump, a light source detector and an observation window. The utility model discloses with the two bundles of fundamental frequency light that laser system produced with the edge of the focusing lens in low-angle oblique incidence to mixing system, the vacuum ultraviolet ray that four-wave mixing produced and remaining fundamental frequency light are because of the different outgoing from focusing lens with different angles of the refracting index in same medium to separate vacuum ultraviolet ray and fundamental frequency light, the utility model discloses when guaranteeing vacuum ultraviolet light source monochromaticity, because of need not to increase extra optical element and make vacuum ultraviolet light source's energy loss fall to minimum.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet source output device that wavelength is tunable.
Background
Since the invention of laser in 1960, the advantages of high brightness, monochromaticity, collimation and the like provide an important experimental tool for detecting atoms, molecules and free radicals in physicochemical research. At present, commercial lasers can only generate stronger laser light in the visible and ultraviolet regions, limited by the influence of the absorption characteristics of the laser medium. However, most of the electron excited states of atoms, molecules or radicals are located in the vacuum ultraviolet region, and therefore, the photoexcited ionization detection based on the laser technique often employs multiphoton ionization in the visible light band.
Compared with the single photon ionization technology, the multi-photon ionization detection sensitivity is extremely low, and in order to improve the detection efficiency, the experimental adoption of a vacuum ultraviolet light source as an ionization source is the only effective solution. However, in addition to the excimer laser developed by the fluorine gas discharge technology which can generate vacuum ultraviolet light sources with fixed several special wavelengths, the devices which can output the vacuum ultraviolet light sources with tunable wavelengths are only large lasers such as synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers. These devices are extremely expensive, bulky and complex in construction, and in particular the free electron laser can only serve a single experimental line station in the same time period, resulting in a considerable loss of efficiency of use of the whole light source.
In view of this, the ordinary laboratory often produces the wavelength tunable vacuum ultraviolet light source as the ionization source by means of the optical nonlinear effect of four-wave mixing technology. The so-called four-wave mixing technique is an intermodulation phenomenon in nonlinear optics, in which the interaction between two or three wavelengths produces two or one new wavelength. At present, four-wave mixing is the most important of the four-wave mixingCommon non-linear media are gases such as krypton, xenon, mercury vapor, and the like. E.g. krypton, in the electronic ground state (4 p)6) Absorbs two 212.5nm (omega) krypton atoms by two-photon resonance1) Is then excited to the electronic excited state (4 p)55p) and then at 845nm (ω)2) Stimulated radiation to 4p under laser induction5And (3) a certain virtual state near 5s finally transits to the ground state and emits vacuum ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 121.6nm, wherein the wavelength of the laser related in the whole process meets the formula: omegaVUV＝2ω1-ω2By adjusting omega2The wavelength of the vacuum ultraviolet light source can be tunable. However, in the four-wave mixing process, the difference frequency light 2 ω is removed1-ω2Outside, sum frequency light 2 omega1+ω2 Triple frequency light 3 omega1Also simultaneously generating fundamental frequency light omega for four-wave mixing1And ω2May remain. In general, the wavelengths of the sum-frequency light and the triple-frequency light are in the extreme ultraviolet region, and cannot pass through a focusing lens or a window made of magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride at the front end of the mixing cell, but the fundamental frequency light ω in the visible light or ultraviolet band is not transmitted through the focusing lens or the window1And ω2But can transmit the optical element made of magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride, so that the finally prepared vacuum ultraviolet light source is mixed with light sources in other wave bands.
Disclosure of Invention
To the above-mentioned weak point that exists among the prior art, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet source output device that wavelength is tunable.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
the utility model discloses constitute by mixing system, laser system and detecting system.
The frequency mixing system mainly comprises an adjustable frequency mixing pool, a fixed frequency mixing pool and a gas distribution system, wherein a focusing lens is arranged in the adjustable frequency mixing pool, and the position of the focusing lens can be moved back and forth and left and right through an external adjusting mechanism, so that the fundamental frequency light falls on the edge of the focusing lens, and necessary conditions are provided for preparing a monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source; the installation direction of the fixed mixing pool is consistent with the incidence direction of the fundamental frequency light for four-wave mixing, and the incidence point of the fundamental frequency light just falls in the center of a window sheet installed at the front end of the fixed mixing pool; the focusing lens and the window plate separate the frequency mixing system into an independent chamber, the independent chamber is vacuumized by the gas distribution system, and nonlinear medium gas required by four-wave frequency mixing is conveyed to the independent chamber.
The laser system mainly comprises a pumping source, a first dye laser and a second dye laser, wherein lasers output by the pumping source are respectively used for pumping the first dye laser and the second dye laser; fundamental frequency light output by the first dye laser generates a first laser beam omega required by four-wave mixing after frequency multiplication by the frequency multiplication crystal1The laser light output by the second dye laser is used as the second laser light omega required by four-wave mixing2(ii) a Laser omega1And omega2The light is reflected for multiple times by a high-reflection mirror and is collinearly incident into the frequency mixing system at the same time under the action of the double-convex lens and is focused on the same point; laser omega1And omega2Generating three beams of laser light via four-wave mixing or frequency tripling in a mixing system: 3 omega1，2ω1+ω2，2ω1-ω2。
The detection system mainly comprises a vacuum cavity, a vacuum pump, a light source detector and an observation window, wherein the vacuum cavity is vacuumized by the vacuum pump to maintain a vacuum environment required by vacuum ultraviolet light source transmission; light source detector can be passed through focusing lens's vacuum ultraviolet light source 2 omega1-ω2Detecting the intensity of (c); the observation window can observe the separated laser omega1And ω2Whether the light penetrates through the window or not ensures the monochromaticity of the vacuum ultraviolet light source.
Preferably, the focusing lens is a plano-convex lens made of magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride, and the focal length of the plano-convex lens is enough to focus the monochromatic ultraviolet light source to the light source detector, and effectively separate the light emitted at different refraction angles (with little difference), so that the vacuum ultraviolet light source is bound in the light source detector, and the rest light sources can penetrate through the observation window.
The window sheet, the biconvex lens and the observation window are made of melting furnace quartz.
The nonlinear medium gas is krypton，ω1The corresponding laser wavelength is 212.5nm, omega2Can be continuously tunable within the range of 200-850 nm.
The adjustable mixing tank, the fixed mixing tank and the connecting part between the adjustable mixing tank and the vacuum cavity are sealed by rubber rings, so that the vacuum degree requirement of each part and the convenience of repeated disassembly are ensured.
The probe of the light source detector on the vacuum part is a metal target made of copper, and the gauge outfit of the non-vacuum part connected with the probe is an oscilloscope.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following and beneficial effect: the utility model can only use the focusing lens for nonlinear medium gas sealing and light beam convergence in the mixing system for light splitting without adding extra optical elements, thereby ensuring that the energy loss of the prepared monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source is reduced to the minimum; according to the wavelength of the prepared light source, the position of the focusing lens deviating from the center is adjusted by using the transmission mechanism, the incident direction of the fundamental frequency light and the emergent direction of the vacuum ultraviolet light source are ensured to be invariable all the time, the operation process of the device is greatly simplified, and the output monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source has tunability and collimation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of splitting by using a focusing lens.
The device comprises an adjustable mixing pool, a fixed mixing pool, a gas distribution system, a focusing lens, a window 5, a window 6, nonlinear medium gas 7, a pumping source 8, a first dye laser 9, a second dye laser 10, a frequency doubling crystal 11, a high-reflection mirror 12, a biconvex lens 13, a vacuum cavity 14, a vacuum pump 15, a light source detector 16 and an observation window.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1 and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is composed of a mixing system, a laser system and a detection system.
The frequency mixing system mainly comprises an adjustable frequency mixing pool 1, a fixed frequency mixing pool 2 and a gas distribution system 3, wherein a focusing lens 4 is arranged in the adjustable frequency mixing pool 1, and the position of the focusing lens 4 can be moved back and forth and left and right through an external adjusting mechanism, so that the fundamental frequency light falls on the edge of the focusing lens 4, and necessary conditions are provided for preparing a monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source; the installation direction of the fixed mixing pool 2 is consistent with the incidence direction of the fundamental frequency light for four-wave mixing, and the incidence point of the fundamental frequency light just falls in the center of a window 5 arranged at the front end of the fixed mixing pool 2; the focusing lens 4 and the window 5 separate the mixing system into a single chamber, which is evacuated by the gas distribution system 3 and supplied with the nonlinear medium gas 6 required for four-wave mixing.
The laser system mainly comprises a pumping source 7, a first dye laser 8 and a second dye laser 9, wherein laser output by the pumping source 7 is respectively used for pumping the first dye laser 8 and the second dye laser 9; fundamental frequency light output by the first dye laser 8 is frequency-doubled by the frequency doubling crystal 10 to generate a first laser beam omega required by four-wave mixing1The laser light output from the second dye laser 9 is used as the second laser light omega required for four-wave mixing2(ii) a Laser omega1And omega2The light is reflected for multiple times by a high-reflection mirror 11, and is collinearly incident into the frequency mixing system at the same time under the action of a double-convex lens 12 and is focused at the same point; laser omega1And omega2Generating three beams of laser light via four-wave mixing or frequency tripling in a mixing system: 3 omega1，2ω1+ω2，2ω1-ω2。
The detection system mainly comprises a vacuum cavity 13, a vacuum pump 14, a light source detector 15 and an observation window 16, wherein the vacuum cavity 13 is vacuumized by the vacuum pump 14 to maintain a vacuum environment required by vacuum ultraviolet light source transmission; the light source detector 15 can transmit the vacuum ultraviolet light source 2 omega of the focusing lens 41-ω2Detecting the intensity of (c); the observation window 16 can observe the separated laser omega1And ω2Whether the light penetrates through the window or not ensures the monochromaticity of the vacuum ultraviolet light source.
The method for outputting the tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source by using the device comprises the following steps:
laser omega1And omega2The vacuum ultraviolet light 2 omega generated by four-wave mixing is obliquely incident to the edge of a focusing lens 4 in the mixing system at a small angle1-ω2And residual fundamental frequency light omega1、ω2The light is emitted from the focusing lens 4 at different angles due to different refractive indexes, so that the separation between the vacuum ultraviolet light source and the fundamental frequency light is realized, and the energy loss of the vacuum ultraviolet light source is minimum due to no need of adding optical elements while the monochromaticity of the vacuum ultraviolet light source is ensured; when the wavelength of the vacuum ultraviolet light source needs to be changed, the laser omega is changed2Only the distance (including the front and rear, left and right positions) of the focusing lens 4 from the center position needs to be adjusted, and the fundamental frequency light omega1And omega2The incident direction and the emergent direction of the vacuum ultraviolet light source are always unchanged, so that the light path system for introducing the fundamental frequency light into the mixing system is simplified, and the vacuum ultraviolet light source output by the device is ensured to have tunability and collimation.
The utility model discloses a concrete implementation operation process as follows:
1. a plano-convex thin lens (center thickness h) with the curvature radius of R and the size of 1 inch is selected as a focusing lens, the initial center position of the plano-convex thin lens is just on the central axis of the vacuum cavity, the central position of the focusing lens at the initial position is set as the origin, the central axis of the vacuum cavity, namely the propagation path after the vacuum ultraviolet light is emitted, is set as the x axis, and the left and right adjusting axes of the focusing lens are set as the y axis, which is specifically shown in the figure 2.
2. Selecting wavelength as lambdavuvThe vacuum ultraviolet light as the design benchmark of mixing system, the installation direction of fixed mixing pool, the included angle theta between it and the vacuum cavity center axis is designed as follows:
θ＝arcsin(dynλvuv/R)-arcsin(dy/R)
wherein d isyThe distance of the focusing lens from the initial center position in the y-axis direction, nλvuvRefractive index of the vacuum ultraviolet light in the focusing lens initially selected, dyThe value of (A) is not only ensured within the radius range of the focusing lens, but also ensured when the wavelength of vacuum ultraviolet light is changedThe position adjustment on the y-axis leaves a certain space.
3. When fundamental frequency light omega1And omega2The light beam of the vacuum ultraviolet light generated by mixing is emitted in the direction of the x axis when the light beam is incident to the mixing system by theta, and the fundamental frequency light omega is near the light source detector1And omega2The difference in distance from the beam center of the vacuum ultraviolet light is:
Δy＝[h-R+(R-dy)1/2]tan[θ1-arcsin(dy/R)]+Ltanθ2
where h is the center thickness of the focusing lens, θ1＝arcsin(dynλvuv/R/nω1,ω2) Is the refraction angle of the fundamental frequency light on the incident surface (convex surface) of the focusing lens, theta2＝arcsin{nω1,ω2sin[θ1-arcsin(dy/R)]The refraction angle of the fundamental frequency light on the exit surface (plane) of the focusing lens, L is the initial central position, namely the distance between the origin and the light source detector, after a proper R value is selected, the design value of L ensures that the focus of the vacuum ultraviolet light passing through the focusing lens is positioned near the position of the light source detector, and the fundamental frequency light omega is1And omega2The difference in distance from the center of the beam of vacuum ultraviolet light is sufficient to effectively separate light exiting at different (minimally different) refraction angles, such that the vacuum ultraviolet light source is confined within the light source detector and the fundamental frequency light is transmitted through the viewing window.
4. Changing fundamental frequency light omega2Wavelength of vacuum ultraviolet light source generated by four-wave mixing of light of wavelength λvuvIs changed to lambda'vuvThen, the position of the focusing lens is changed from the initial position (0, d)y) Become (d'x,d'y) Wherein d 'since θ remains constant'yCan be composed of arcsin (d)ynλvuv/R)-arcsin(dy/R)＝arcsin(d'yn'λvuv/R)-arcsin(d'y/R) obtaining a numerical solution, and d'xThen it is:
d'x＝(R-dy)1/2-(R-d'y)1/2
when d'x>When 0, the focusing lens moves along the positive direction of the x-axis, otherwise, the focusing lens moves along the positive direction of the x-axisMoving along the negative direction of the x axis, wherein the vacuum ultraviolet light source still emits along the x axis, and the fundamental frequency light omega1And ω'2The difference in distance from the beam center of the vacuum ultraviolet light becomes:
Δy'＝[h-R+(R-d'y)1/2]tan[θ'1-arcsin(d'y/R)]+(L-d'x)tanθ'2
θ'1＝arcsin(d'yn'λvuv/R/nω1,ω'2)
θ'2＝arcsin{nω1,ω'2sin[θ'1-arcsin(d'y/R)]}
5. and observing whether the fundamental frequency light is emitted or not by using an observation window, and detecting the intensity of the output vacuum ultraviolet light source by using a light source detector.
Claims (6)
1. A wavelength tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source output device is characterized by comprising a frequency mixing system, a laser system and a detection system;
the frequency mixing system mainly comprises an adjustable frequency mixing pool (1), a fixed frequency mixing pool (2) and a gas distribution system (3), wherein a focusing lens (4) is arranged in the adjustable frequency mixing pool (1), and the position of the focusing lens (4) can be moved back and forth and left and right through an external adjusting mechanism, so that fundamental frequency light is incident to the edge of the focusing lens (4), and necessary conditions are provided for preparing a monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source; the installation direction of the fixed mixing pool (2) is consistent with the incidence direction of the fundamental frequency light for four-wave mixing, and the incidence point of the fundamental frequency light just falls in the center of a window sheet (5) arranged at the front end of the fixed mixing pool (2); the focusing lens (4) and the window sheet (5) separate the frequency mixing system into an independent chamber, the gas distribution system (3) vacuumizes the independent chamber, and nonlinear medium gas (6) required by four-wave frequency mixing is conveyed to the independent chamber;
the laser system mainly comprises a pumping source (7), a first dye laser (8) and a second dye laser (9), wherein laser output by the pumping source (7) is respectively used for pumping the first dye laser (8) and the second dye laser (9); fundamental frequency light output by the first dye laser (8) is frequency-doubled by the frequency doubling crystal (10) to generate four-wave mixingFrequency-required first laser beam omega1The laser light output by the second dye laser (9) is used as the second laser light omega required by four-wave mixing2(ii) a First beam of laser light omega1With a second laser beam omega2The light is reflected for many times by a high-reflection mirror (11), and is collinearly incident into the mixing system at the same time under the action of a double-convex lens (12) and is focused at the same point; laser omega1And omega2Generating three beams of laser light via four-wave mixing or frequency tripling in a mixing system: 3 omega1，2ω1+ω2，2ω1-ω2；
The detection system mainly comprises a vacuum cavity (13), a vacuum pump (14), a light source detector (15) and an observation window (16), wherein the vacuum cavity (13) is vacuumized by the vacuum pump (14) to maintain a vacuum environment required by vacuum ultraviolet light source transmission; the light source detector (15) can transmit the laser 2 omega of the focusing lens (4)1-ω2Namely, the intensity of the vacuum ultraviolet light source is detected; the observation window (16) can observe the separated laser omega1And ω2Whether the light penetrates through the window or not ensures the monochromaticity of the vacuum ultraviolet light source.
2. A wavelength tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source output device, according to claim 1, characterized in that, the focusing lens (4) is a plano-convex lens made of magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride.
3. A wavelength tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source output device, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the window plate (5), the lenticular lens (12) and the observation window (16) are made of fused quartz.
4. A wavelength tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light source output device according to claim 1, wherein the nonlinear dielectric gas (6) selected by the four-wave mixing is krypton, ω1The corresponding vacuum wavelength is 212.5nm, omega2Can be continuously tunable within the range of 400-850 nm.
5. The output device of claim 1, wherein the connection portions between the adjustable mixing tank (1) and the fixed mixing tank (2) and the vacuum chamber (13) are sealed by rubber rings, so as to ensure the vacuum degree requirement of each portion and the convenience of repeated disassembly.
6. The output device of claim 1, wherein the probe of the light source detector (15) in the vacuum part is a round metal target made of copper, and the head of the non-vacuum part connected with the probe is an oscilloscope.
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