CN212152408U - Oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace - Google Patents
Oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN212152408U CN212152408U CN202020318736.4U CN202020318736U CN212152408U CN 212152408 U CN212152408 U CN 212152408U CN 202020318736 U CN202020318736 U CN 202020318736U CN 212152408 U CN212152408 U CN 212152408U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an oxygen boosting side-blown molten bath smelting furnace, include: the furnace wall is provided with a plurality of blast nozzles; the first molten pool is lower than the furnace wall, and a slope is arranged on the bottom surface of the first molten pool; the second molten pool, second molten pool and first molten pool intercommunication, the slope is higher than the second molten pool, is equipped with out metal mouthful, slag notch and a plurality of heating rod in the second molten pool, and slag notch and heating rod are higher than out the metal mouth, and the heating rod can release heat in the second molten pool. Has the advantages that: the slope surface can promote the melt to flow from the first molten pool to the second molten pool, and is favorable for preventing the melt from low-temperature condensation in the first molten pool. The heating rod can heat the upper slag in the second molten pool, so that the slag can be prevented from being condensed at low temperature, and the slag can be smoothly discharged from the slag outlet. The utility model relates to a smelting furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a smelting furnace, in particular to an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace.
Background
The heavy metal sludge is a dangerous waste containing various heavy metals generated in wastewater treatment in industries such as metal smelting, machining, PCB (printed circuit board) etching, industrial electroplating and the like. The heavy metal sludge has high contents of N, P, K elements, organic matters and heavy metal elements of Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, As and Hg. If the material cannot be reasonably disposed, toxic and harmful substances in the material can be eliminated, so that the material can cause serious pollution to the environment and harm human health.
Although heavy metal sludge is a hazardous waste, the sludge usually contains 3-5% of chromium, 2-4% of nickel, 1-2% of copper and 1-2% of zinc, and the grade is far higher than that of metal-rich ore. If resource recycling is carried out, the method has higher economic and environmental benefits.
The resource treatment mode of the heavy metal sludge mainly comprises a wet process and a fire process. The pyrogenic process can carry out harmless resource treatment on heavy metal sludge of different grades, and no wastewater or waste residue is generated in the treatment process. The fire method mainly comprises the processes of closed blast furnace smelting, oxygen-enriched top-blown bath smelting, oxygen-enriched side-blown bath smelting, oxygen-enriched bottom-blown bath smelting, flash oxygen-enriched side-blown bath smelting and the like.
An oxygen-enriched side-blown bath smelting furnace belongs to an advanced ore copper smelting process, and is mature in application in the traditional ore copper smelting industry. However, because the property difference between the heavy metal sludge and the copper concentrate is increased, the traditional oxygen-enriched side-blown bath smelting furnace has the technical defects in the harmless and recycling treatment of the heavy metal sludge that:
(1) the depth design of the molten pool of the traditional molten pool smelting furnace can not adapt to heavy metal sludge and easily causes low-temperature condensation of the melt
The temperature distribution of the melting bath is continuously reduced from top to bottom, the depth of the melting bath is too deep, the reduction speed of the temperature of the melt at the bottom is high, and the problems of low-temperature condensation and the like are easy to occur. The depth of a melting furnace molten pool of a traditional copper concentrate smelting enterprise is basically 1400 mm-2200 mm, the melting speed of ore copper smelting is high, the amount of melt in unit time is large, the replacement speed of melt at the lower part in the molten pool is high, and the condition of low-temperature condensation of the melt is not easy to occur. The smelting and melting speed of the heavy metal sludge is low, the amount of the molten metal in unit time is small, the replacement speed of a molten pool is low, and the condition of low-temperature condensation is easy to occur.
(2) Cannot adapt to the low metal melt amount of heavy metal sludge and easily causes the low-temperature condensation of the melt
The copper-containing grade of the copper concentrate entering the furnace of most of ore copper smelting enterprises is more than 18 percent, the average copper content can reach 25 percent, the amount of the metal melt generated in unit time is large, the depth of the metal melt can reach about 1/2 of the depth of a molten pool, the melting point of the metal melt at the lower layer is lower and is generally below 1100 ℃, and low-temperature condensation is not easy to generate; the copper content of the heavy metal sludge dry material is generally below 8%, the height of the metal melt is generally not more than 1/5 of the depth of a molten pool, a large amount of slag exists in the middle lower part, the melting point of the slag is much higher than that of the metal, the fluidity is also poorer than that of the metal melt, and low-temperature condensation is easily generated in the middle lower part of the molten pool.
(3) Cannot adapt to high-melting-point slag generated by heavy metal sludge and easily causes low-temperature condensation of the slag
The traditional ore copper smelting melting speed is high, the amount of metal melt is large, the replacement speed of a molten pool is high, and the phenomena of low-temperature condensation of the middle lower part of the molten pool and the like do not exist; the heavy metal sludge has low copper-containing grade, more than 80% of the melt belongs to slag, the melting point of the slag is high, and the high-melting-point slag is easy to flow smoothly or even condense due to temperature reduction.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace capable of preventing the fusant and the slag from low-temperature condensation.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace includes:
the furnace wall is provided with a plurality of blast nozzles;
the first molten pool is lower than the furnace wall, and a slope is arranged on the bottom surface of the first molten pool;
the second molten pool, second molten pool and first molten pool intercommunication, the slope is higher than the second molten pool, is equipped with out metal mouthful, slag notch and a plurality of heating rod in the second molten pool, and slag notch and heating rod are higher than out the metal mouth, and the heating rod can release heat in the second molten pool.
The oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace at least has the following beneficial effects:
the slope surface can promote the melt to flow from the first molten pool to the second molten pool, and is favorable for preventing the melt from low-temperature condensation in the first molten pool. The heating rod can heat the upper slag in the second molten pool, so that the slag can be prevented from being condensed at low temperature, and the slag can be smoothly discharged from the slag outlet. The furnace wall is provided with the blast nozzles, so that the smelting process can be realized; a heating rod, a metal outlet and a slag outlet are arranged in the second molten pool, so that the separation process of slag and melt can be realized; the smelting process and the separation process are respectively carried out in the first molten pool and the second molten pool, which is beneficial to the rapid separation and discharge of the metal melt and the slag.
In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the heating rod is a graphite electrode. The graphite electrode is high temperature resistant and stable in property, and is beneficial to improving the reliability of the heating rod.
In a possible embodiment of the present invention, the second molten pool is further provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is disposed on the bottom surface of the second molten pool, and the material can be exhausted out of the second molten pool through the exhaust port. The exhaust port can exhaust substances in the second molten pool as much as possible, and is beneficial to maintenance and cleaning of the second molten pool.
In a possible implementation mode of the utility model, a safety opening is arranged in the second molten pool and is higher than the exhaust opening, and substances can be discharged out of the second molten pool through the safety opening. The safety port enables the substances in the second molten pool to be partially discharged, and detection and maintenance of the second molten pool are facilitated.
The utility model discloses an in the possible embodiment, still be equipped with the matte mouth in the second molten bath, the matte accessible matte mouth is added in the second molten bath. The matte port allows matte to be added during separation of the slag and metal melt.
In a possible embodiment of the present invention, a brick masonry is further provided above the furnace wall, the brick masonry forming a first flue around the furnace wall. The brickwork and the first flue enable exhaust gas from the smelting process to be discharged.
In a possible embodiment of the present invention, a second flue is disposed above the second molten pool, and the second flue can exhaust gas in the second molten pool.
In a possible embodiment of the present invention, the number of the heating rods is three, and three heating rods are arranged in parallel.
In a possible embodiment of the invention, the end of the heating rod is lower than the slag hole and higher than the metal outlet. The heating rod can extend into the slag to heat the slag and keep good fluidity, which is beneficial to discharging the slag smoothly.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the width direction of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the width direction of an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace of the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath melting furnace of the prior art;
reference numerals:
the furnace comprises a furnace wall 1, a first tuyere 2, a first molten pool 3, a slope 4, a second molten pool 5, a metal outlet 6, a slag outlet 7, a heating rod 8, an exhaust port 9, a safety port 10, a matte port 11, brick masonry 12, a first flue 13, a second flue 14 and a second tuyere 15.
Detailed Description
This section will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the attached drawings, which are used to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with figures, so that one can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the whole technical solution of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated with respect to the orientation description, such as up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a plurality of means are one or more, a plurality of means are two or more, and the terms greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the number, and the terms greater than, less than, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless there is an explicit limitation, the words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace includes:
the furnace wall 1 is provided with a plurality of blast nozzles;
the first molten pool 3, the first molten pool 3 is lower than the furnace wall 1, there are slopes 4 on the bottom surface of the first molten pool 3;
the second molten pool 5, second molten pool 5 and first molten pool 3 intercommunication, domatic 4 is higher than second molten pool 5, is equipped with metal outlet 6, slag notch 7 and a plurality of heating rod 8 in the second molten pool 5, and slag notch 7 and heating rod 8 are higher than metal outlet 6, and heating rod 8 can release heat in second molten pool 5.
The oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace at least has the following beneficial effects:
the slope 4 can promote the melt to flow from the first melting pool 3 to the second melting pool 5, which is beneficial to preventing the melt from low-temperature condensation in the first melting pool 3. The heating rod 8 can heat the upper layer slag in the second molten pool 5, so that the slag can be prevented from being condensed at low temperature, and the slag can be smoothly discharged from the slag outlet 7. The furnace wall 1 is provided with a tuyere, so that the smelting process can be realized; a heating rod 8, a metal outlet 6 and a slag outlet 7 are arranged in the second molten pool 5, so that the separation process of slag and melt can be realized; the smelting process and the separation process are respectively carried out in the first molten pool 3 and the second molten pool 5, which is beneficial to the rapid separation and discharge of the metal melt and the slag.
With respect to the furnace wall 1, the furnace wall 1 may be enclosed above the molten bath, thereby forming a smelting furnace.
With respect to the tuyeres, the tuyeres may inject charge material and auxiliary fuel into the furnace. In the heavy metal sludge treatment process, the furnace charge is heavy metal sludge, and the auxiliary fuel comprises, but is not limited to, heavy oil, coal gas, coal powder and hot air. As shown in fig. 1, the tuyere includes a first tuyere 2 provided in an upper portion of the furnace wall as shown in fig. 1 and a second tuyere 15 provided in a lower portion of the furnace wall.
With respect to the first molten bath 3, the first molten bath 3 can realize melting in cooperation with the furnace wall 1 and the tuyere. The first molten pool 3 is arranged right below the furnace wall 1, and the first molten pool 3 is much shallower than the conventional molten pool, which is beneficial to preventing the low-temperature condensation of the melt.
Regarding the slope 4, the side with the lower height on the slope 4 is communicated with the second molten pool 5, which can promote the melt in the first molten pool 3 to flow to the second molten pool 5, and is beneficial to preventing the melt from low-temperature condensation in the first molten pool 3. One side of the slope surface 4 is higher than the other side of the slope surface 4, which is beneficial to reducing the depth of the first melting pool 3 and preventing the low-temperature condensation of the melt in the first melting pool 3.
As for the metal outlet 6, the metal outlet 6 is provided at the bottom surface of the second molten pool 5 so that the molten metal can be smoothly discharged.
Regarding the slag hole 7, the slag hole 7 is provided on the side wall of the second molten bath 5 so that slag floating above the molten metal can be smoothly discharged.
Regarding the heating rod 8, the heating rod 8 may be a high temperature resistant heating device in the prior art, and may be a graphite electrode.
In the present embodiment, the heating rod 8 is a graphite electrode. The graphite electrode is high temperature resistant and stable in property, and is beneficial to improving the reliability of the heating rod 8.
In this embodiment, the second molten bath 5 is further provided with a drain port 9, the drain port 9 is provided on the bottom surface of the second molten bath 5, and the material can be discharged out of the second molten bath 5 through the drain port 9. The exhaust port 9 can exhaust the substances in the second molten pool 5 as much as possible, and is beneficial to the maintenance and the cleaning of the second molten pool 5.
With regard to the drain 9, the drain 9 may be closed, thereby providing the second melt pool 5 with the ability to contain melt. The drain port 9 may be opened so that the contents of the second molten bath 5 may be discharged out of the second molten bath 5.
In this embodiment, a safety vent 10 is also provided in the second molten bath 5, the safety vent 10 being higher than the exhaust vent 9, and the material can be exhausted out of the second molten bath 5 through the safety vent 10. The safety vent 10 allows the contents of the second molten bath 5 to be partially evacuated, facilitating inspection and maintenance of the second molten bath 5.
With respect to safety vent 10, safety vent 10 may be closed, thereby providing second molten pool 5 with the ability to contain melt. The safety vent 10 may be opened so that the contents of the second molten bath 5 may be discharged outside the second molten bath 5. The safety opening 10 can prevent the slag with high melting point from sticking the furnace bottom, and effectively protect the depth of a molten pool at the furnace bottom.
In the embodiment, the second melting bath 5 is further provided with a matte opening 11, the matte opening 11 is higher than the metal outlet 6, and matte can be added into the second melting bath 5 through the matte opening 11. The matte port 11 allows matte to be added during separation of the slag and metal melt.
With respect to the matte port 11, the matte port 11 may be closed, thereby providing the second molten pool 5 with the ability to contain melt. The matte port 11 may be opened so that matte may be added to the second molten bath 5.
In this embodiment, brickwork 12 is also provided above the furnace wall 1, the brickwork 12 forming a first flue 13 around the furnace wall 1. The brickwork 12 and the first flue 13 allow off-gases from the smelting process to be removed.
In this embodiment, a second flue 14 is provided above the second molten bath 5, and the second flue 14 can discharge gas in the second molten bath 5.
In the present embodiment, the number of the heating rods 8 is three, and the three heating rods 8 are arranged in parallel.
Regarding the heating rods 8, the number of the heating rods 8 is set to three, which is advantageous for improving the uniformity of heating.
In this embodiment the end of the heating rod 8 is lower than the tap hole 7 and higher than the metal outlet 6. The heating rod 8 can extend into the molten slag to heat the molten slag and keep good fluidity, which is beneficial to discharging the molten slag smoothly.
With respect to the prior art, fig. 3 to 4 show an oxygen-enriched side-blown bath smelting furnace of the prior art, also comprising a furnace wall 1 and a tap hole 7, the distinguishing feature from the present embodiment is that the bottom of the bath is flat, which is not conducive to promoting melt flow, and when the amount of melt is small, low temperature condensation of the melt may occur in the bath. In addition, a secondary heating device aiming at the slag is lacked in the molten pool, and when the melting point of the slag is high, the slag is easy to be condensed at low temperature, so that the slag is not beneficial to being discharged smoothly. The integral molten pool in the technical scheme is also not beneficial to the separation of the metal melt and the molten slag.
Claims (9)
1. Oxygen boosting side-blown molten bath smelting furnace, its characterized in that includes:
the furnace wall is provided with a plurality of air nozzles;
the first molten pool is lower than the furnace wall, and a slope is arranged on the bottom surface of the first molten pool;
the second molten bath, the second molten bath with first molten bath intercommunication, the slope is higher than the second molten bath, be equipped with out metal mouthful, slag notch and a plurality of heating rod in the second molten bath, the slag notch with the heating rod is higher than go out the metal mouth, the heating rod can be in it releases heat in the second molten bath.
2. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heating rod is a graphite electrode.
3. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a discharge port is also arranged in the second molten pool, the discharge port is arranged at the bottom surface of the second molten pool, and substances can be discharged out of the second molten pool through the discharge port.
4. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and a safety port is further arranged in the second molten pool, the safety port is higher than the exhaust port, and substances can be exhausted out of the second molten pool through the safety port.
5. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a copper matte port is further formed in the second melting pool, and the copper matte can be added into the second melting pool through the copper matte port.
6. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: brick masonry is further arranged above the furnace wall, and the brick masonry surrounds the furnace wall to form a first flue.
7. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a second flue is arranged above the second molten pool and can exhaust gas in the second molten pool.
8. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the heating rods is three, and the three heating rods are arranged in parallel.
9. An oxygen-enriched side-blown molten bath smelting furnace as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the end part of the heating rod is lower than the slag outlet and higher than the metal outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020318736.4U CN212152408U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020318736.4U CN212152408U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212152408U true CN212152408U (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020318736.4U Active CN212152408U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN212152408U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-03-13 CN CN202020318736.4U patent/CN212152408U/en active Active
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Address after: 523000 Haixinsha Island, Dagu village, Machong Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Guangdong Dongshi Environment Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Dongguan xindongxin Environmental Protection Investment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 523000 Haixinsha Island, Dagu village, Machong Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Dongguan Dongshi new energy Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Dongguan xindongxin Environmental Protection Investment Co.,Ltd. |
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