CN211929419U - Operating mechanism composed of electromagnetism and permanent magnet - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an operating device that electromagnetism and permanent magnetism are compound to be constituteed, including casing and guide arm, the casing upper end is fixed with the upper end cover, and the lower extreme is fixed with the lower extreme, and upper end cover, casing and lower extreme cover form the cavity, are provided with magnetic coil in the cavity, and the magnetic coil top is provided with the permanent magnet and is the ring post, is provided with electromagnetism moving iron in magnetic coil and the permanent magnet, and the guide arm passes upper end cover, electromagnetism moving iron and lower extreme cover, guide arm and electromagnetism moving iron fixed connection in proper order. The operating mechanism has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and maintenance, no misoperation of the circuit breaker, clean opening and closing actions, stable contact pressure and holding force, high opening speed, stable holding force and the like. The circuit breaker can be widely used for various types of circuit breakers, in particular to trains running on high-speed rails and urban rails. The method has the advantages that the opening speed is high, the rigid time is controlled within 1.5ms, the hidden danger of a plurality of circuit breakers is avoided, and the safety guarantee in the aspect of electrical is improved.

Description

Operating mechanism composed of electromagnetism and permanent magnet

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of divide-shut brake switch, concretely relates to magnetic force mechanism of high-speed separating brake.

Background

The circuit breaker is a conventional component of an electric line, and a high-speed circuit breaker is widely used in many fields with excellent characteristics, particularly in the direction of safe and reliable performance.

The traditional circuit breaker mostly adopts a spring structure as an energy storage device of an operating mechanism, but the spring structure brings many disadvantages, such as fatigue of closing, weakening of stored energy, misoperation, relatively complex structure, low closing and opening speed and the like. According to the above disadvantages, it is often difficult to combine the technical requirements of high-speed switching on and off and reliable stability.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides an operating device that electromagnetism and permanent magnetism are compound to be constituteed to solve the slow problem of speed of operating device combined floodgate, separating brake.

In order to achieve the purpose, the operating mechanism comprises a shell and a guide rod, wherein an upper end cover is fixed at the upper end of the shell, a lower end cover is fixed at the lower end of the shell, a cavity is formed by the upper end cover, the shell and the lower end cover, a magnetic coil is arranged in the cavity, a permanent magnet is arranged above the magnetic coil, the magnetic coil and the permanent magnet are circular columns, an electromagnetic moving iron is arranged in the magnetic coil and the permanent magnet, the guide rod sequentially passes through the upper end cover, the electromagnetic moving iron and the lower end cover, and the guide rod and the electromagnetic moving iron are fixedly connected.

Furthermore, the upper ends of the permanent magnet and the inner magnetic ring are provided with magnetic isolating rings.

Furthermore, a circular upper boss is arranged in the upper end cover, a circular lower boss is arranged on the inner side of the lower end cover, and the radiuses of the upper boss and the lower boss are the same as the inner diameter of the magnetic coil.

Furthermore, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer surface of the side wall of the electromagnet along the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, the groove depth is 1mm-2mm, and the width is 1mm-2 mm.

Further, the upper end of the permanent magnet is provided with a chamfer angle of 40-90 degrees.

Furthermore, the air gap between the electromagnet and the magnetic coil is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has at least:

the magnetic coil is electrified to accord with the ampere law and the right-hand law, the magnetic coil generates a magnetic field, the electromagnet in the magnetic coil rapidly generates magnetic fields of N poles and S poles at the upper end and the lower end of the electromagnet, and the electromagnet moves linearly in the magnetic coil. If the direction of current input by the magnetic coil is changed, the electromagnet moves reversely, which conforms to the ampere law. When the input current is cut off, the moving electromagnet stops at a certain position, the permanent magnet arranged in the shell is sleeved outside the electromagnet, the electromagnet is attracted to a certain fixed point by the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet and the end cover, and thus a switching-off state is formed, otherwise, a switching-on state is formed. If the current direction is changed, the above actions are repeated in the reverse direction, and one switching-on or switching-off action is completed. The distribution of the magnetic force in the circular shell of the permanent magnet is transferred along with the moving direction of the electromagnet, for example, when the electromagnet moves to the contact surface from the upper end cover, the magnetic force direction of the permanent magnet is transferred along the direction of the boss on the upper end surface of the inner side of the shell to generate magnetic force to attract and fix the electromagnet; on the contrary, the electromagnet is electrified through the magnetic coil to generate a magnetic field, when the electromagnet moves to the lower end cover to a protruding stop point of the lower end cover, the magnetic line of force of the annular permanent magnet in the shell can move downwards to the lower end cover, the magnetic force generated by the lower end cover adsorbs the fixing action and completes the opening and closing movement once again, the whole magnetic circuit forms a closed-loop magnetic circuit, and the opening and closing pressure and the holding force are increased. The control system triggers the operating mechanism to complete the breaker or switch by giving a control signal to the magnetic coil, so that various electrical performance indexes are realized, and the switching-on and switching-off speeds can reach 1-2 ms.

Furthermore, a circular upper boss is arranged in the upper end cover, a circular lower boss is arranged on the inner side of the lower end cover, the radiuses of the upper boss and the lower boss are the same as the inner diameter of the magnetic coil, and the upper boss and the lower boss are used for gathering magnetism in the magnetic force conduction direction of the permanent magnet.

Furthermore, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer surface of the side wall of the electromagnet to cut off eddy current formed by the electromagnet, dredge compressed air generated by movement of the circular electromagnet and improve closing speed.

Furthermore, the upper end of the permanent magnet is provided with a cutting angle of 40-90 degrees, which is beneficial to increasing the contact surface and further increasing the magnetic circuit area.

Furthermore, the air gap between the electromagnet and the magnetic coil is less than or equal to 0.15mm, so that the instability of the electromagnet is avoided, and the magnetic leakage is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an operating mechanism composed of a composite of an electromagnet and a permanent magnet.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of an operating mechanism composed of a composite of electromagnetic and permanent magnets.

In the drawings: 1-a guide rod; 2-upper end cover; 3-magnetism isolating ring; 4-an inner magnetic ring; 5-a permanent magnet; 6-a shell; 7-electromagnet; 8-a magnetic coil; 9-lower end cover, 10-magnetic coil outlet hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose and technical scheme of the utility model clearer and more convenient to understand. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, wherein the specific examples are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an electromagnetic and permanent magnet combined operating mechanism comprises a guide rod 1; an upper end cover 2; a magnetism isolating ring 3; an inner magnetic ring 4; a rare earth permanent magnet 5; a housing 6; an electromagnet 7; a magnetic coil 8; an upper boss with the same inner diameter as the magnetic coil 8 is arranged in the upper end cover 2 of the lower end cover 9, a lower boss is arranged on the inner side of the lower end cover 9, and the upper boss and the lower boss are used for magnetic force gathering in the magnetic force conduction direction of the permanent magnet 5. Wherein, the upper end cover, the lower end cover 9 and the electromagnet 7 are all made of magnetic conductive materials.

The magnetic coil 8 is arranged in the shell 6, 1/3 at the lower part of the magnetic coil 8 is sleeved on the lower boss, the permanent magnet 5 is superposed on the magnetic coil 8, a circular magnet consisting of four permanent magnets 5 is arranged in the inner magnetic ring 4, and the inner magnetic ring 4 is used for fixing the permanent magnet 5 and realizing the effect of uniform magnetic force lines. The magnetism isolating ring 3 is positioned between the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 5 and the lower end surface of the upper end cover 2.

The electromagnet 7 is cylindrical, two grooves with the depth of 1mm-2mm and the width of 1mm-2mm are respectively machined on the outer side of the side wall of the electromagnet 7 along the circumferential direction, and the grooves are used for cutting off eddy currents formed by the electromagnet 7, dredging compressed air generated by the movement of the circular electromagnet 5 and improving the closing speed.

The material of permanent magnet 5 is rare earth permanent magnet, casing 6 is cylindrical, and lower end cover 9 threaded connection, magnetic line of force circle exit hole 10 has been seted up to casing 6 lateral wall, the annular permanent magnet 5 that magnetic coil 8 and polylith magnetic element are constituteed is equipped with in casing 6, permanent magnet 5 and interior magnetic ring 4 are arranged in casing 6 with the internal diameter stack together, guide arm 1 is fixed as an organic whole with electromagnetism moving iron 7 concentric shaft, go up the boss and insert in the 4 magnetic coil of interior magnetic ring and with casing 6 fixed connection, the guide arm is worn out from the hole of upper end cover 2, lower end cover 9 sets up 7 outer ends of permanent magnet in casing 6, the guide arm is drawn forth in lower end cover 9 holes.

The permanent magnet 5 is a radial core magnet and consists of a plurality of annular magnetic elements, and the upper end of each magnetic element is provided with a cutting angle of 40-90 degrees, so that the contact surface is increased, and the magnetic circuit area is increased.

In the structure, the air gap between the electromagnet 7 and the magnetic coil 8 is less than or equal to 0.15 mm. So as to avoid the instability of the electromagnetic moving iron and reduce the magnetic leakage.

The operating mechanism has the following working principle:

in a static state, the structure is in a single-end closing state, namely the electromagnet 7 and any one of the upper end cover 2 or the lower end cover 9 are closed, and the other end is opened. After the magnetic coil 8 is electrified, the magnetic coil generates a magnetic field, the electromagnet 7 in the magnetic coil 8 makes axial linear motion, the direction of the electromagnet 7 is changed by the change of the direction of the power supply current, and the required motion direction can be adjusted by adjusting the direction of the current.

The magnetic force of the permanent magnet in the structure is static waiting magnetic force, when the electromagnet 7 in fig. 2 moves upwards to the upper end cover 2, the permanent magnet 5 transmits the magnetic force to the upper boss and the lower boss of the upper end cover 2 along the inner side of the shell 6, the polarities of the upper boss and the lower boss are always the same, the electromagnet 7 is positioned by attracting the magnetic force, the outer diameter of the electromagnet 7 is sleeved in the inner hole of the permanent magnet 5, the inner side of the permanent magnet 5 is S pole, and the outer side of the permanent magnet 5 is N pole; the outer surface of the electromagnet 7 is attracted with the inner surface of the permanent magnet 5, so that the phenomenon of single-pole attraction of the conventional permanent magnet is avoided, and the attraction force of the electromagnet is increased, namely the pressure and the holding force act simultaneously.

The electromagnet 7 and the magnetic coil 8 in fig. 2 are in a dynamic trend, at the moment of electrification, an N pole and an S pole are respectively generated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the electromagnet 7, at this time, if the lower end cover 9 of the electromagnet is the S pole, the upper end cover 2 is also the S pole, the electromagnet 7 can rapidly move towards the upper end cover 2, because the lower end of the electromagnet 7 is the S pole, the lower end cover 9 of the S pole is repulsive, the S pole of the upper end cover 2 and the end surface of the electromagnet 7 generate the N pole, opposite attraction is generated, the electromagnet 7 rapidly moves upwards in the magnetic coil 8 and the permanent magnet 5, the upper boss surface is stopped, one-time brake-separating action is completed, and by analogy, the magnetic mechanism reciprocates, and the structure is formed by combining the dynamic electromagnet 7 and the static permanent magnet 5.

The operating mechanism has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and maintenance, no misoperation of the circuit breaker, clean opening and closing actions, stable contact pressure and holding force, high opening speed, stable holding force and the like. The linear motion of the moving iron of the mechanism is changed by changing the power supply direction of the magnetic coil, so that the opening and closing kinetic energy of the circuit breaker is realized. The magnetic operating mechanism is a bistable and double-holding magnetic and electromagnetic operating mechanism with high-speed motion, and can be widely used for various circuit breakers, in particular to trains running on high-speed rails and urban rails. The method has the advantages that the opening speed is high, the rigid time is controlled within 1.5ms, the hidden danger of a plurality of circuit breakers is avoided, and the safety guarantee in the aspect of electrical is improved.

The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an operating device that electromagnetism and permanent magnetism are compound to be constituteed, its characterized in that includes casing (6) and guide arm (1), and casing (6) upper end is fixed with upper end cover (2), and the lower extreme is fixed with lower end cover (9), and upper end cover (2), casing (6) and lower end cover (9) form the cavity, be provided with magnetic coil (8) in the cavity, magnetic coil (8) top is provided with permanent magnet (5), and magnetic coil (8) and permanent magnet (5) are the ring post, are provided with electromagnetism moving iron (7) in magnetic coil (8) and permanent magnet (5), and upper end cover (2), electromagnetism moving iron (7) and lower end cover (9) are passed in proper order in guide arm (1), guide arm (1) and electromagnetism moving iron (7) fixed connection.

2. The operating mechanism combined by electromagnetism and permanent magnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that the upper ends of the permanent magnet (5) and the inner magnetic ring (4) are provided with a magnetism isolating ring (3).

3. The operating mechanism composed of electromagnetism and permanent magnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that a circular upper boss is arranged in the upper end cover (2), a circular lower boss is arranged on the inner side of the lower end cover (9), and the radiuses of the upper boss and the lower boss are the same as the inner diameter of the magnetic coil (8).

4. The operating mechanism composed of electromagnetism and permanent magnetism according to claim 1 is characterized in that a plurality of grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the side wall of the electromagnetic moving iron (7) along the circumferential direction.

5. The composite electromagnetic and permanent magnet actuator of claim 4, wherein the grooves have a depth of 1mm to 2mm and a width of 1mm to 2 mm.

6. An electromagnetic and permanent magnetic combined operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the permanent magnet (5) has a tangential angle with an angle of 40 ° to 90 °.

7. The operating mechanism composed of electromagnetism and permanent magnetism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the air gap between the electromagnetic moving iron (7) and the magnetic coil (8) is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

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