CN211922648U - Ecological restoration type rare earth tailings - Google Patents
Ecological restoration type rare earth tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN211922648U CN211922648U CN201921286169.2U CN201921286169U CN211922648U CN 211922648 U CN211922648 U CN 211922648U CN 201921286169 U CN201921286169 U CN 201921286169U CN 211922648 U CN211922648 U CN 211922648U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ecological remediation type tombarthite tailing. The ecological restoration type rare earth tailings comprise a rare earth ore layer, a clay blocking layer, a rare earth tailing improvement layer, vegetation and at least one of a catch basin, an intercepting ditch and a flood intercepting ditch, wherein the clay blocking layer is arranged on at least one part of the rare earth ore layer; the rare earth tailing improved layer is arranged on at least one part of the clay blocking layer and comprises loam, organic matters, bentonite and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; the vegetation is planted on at least a portion of the modified layer of rare earth tailings. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings are simple in structure, can realize ecological remediation of the rare earth tailings, obviously improve the water content, organic matter content and effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil in the repaired rare earth tailings mining area, adjust the pH value of the soil to 6-8, and obviously reduce the leaching concentration of heavy metals in the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the soil remediation field particularly, relates to ecological remediation type tombarthite tailing.
Background
The rare earth is widely applied to the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, textile, ceramics, glass, permanent magnet materials and the like, and the exploitation of rare earth ores and the extraction of the rare earth have very important significance. However, the residual chemicals in the rare earth tailings after the rare earth is mined and extracted cause a large amount of acid radical ions to permeate the earth surface and spread to the surrounding of a mining area through waste water, so that the mountainous and field acidification and river water pollution are caused, and the ecological environment around the rare earth tailings is seriously damaged, for example, the excessive heavy metals such as Pb and Cd in the earth surface water are a common problem in the existing rare earth tailings mining area. At present, the rare earth tailing mine area is repaired by microorganisms, but the repairing cost is high, and the effect is not effective in the actual use process; plants are planted on the rare earth ore, and organic matters are added to improve the soil property so as to realize the repair of the rare earth tailing mine area, but when the addition amount of organic matters and nutrient elements is small, the plant growth effect is poor, and when the addition amount of organic matters and nutrient elements is large, the cost is high, and the method can not effectively solve the problem that heavy metals in surface water exceed the standard. Therefore, the method for repairing the rare earth tailings still needs to be further improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. Therefore, the utility model discloses an aim at propose ecological remediation type rare earth tailings. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings are simple in structure, ecological remediation of the rare earth tailings can be achieved, the water content, the organic matter content and the effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the soil in the repaired rare earth tailings mining area are obviously improved, the pH value of the soil can be adjusted to 6-8, and meanwhile the leaching concentration of heavy metals in the soil can be obviously reduced.
According to the utility model discloses a first aspect, the utility model provides an ecological remediation type tombarthite tailing. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this ecological remediation type tombarthite tailing includes:
the rare earth ore layers comprise flat ground and/or multiple ore layers, and the multiple ore layers are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top and form a step shape;
a clay barrier layer disposed on at least a portion of the rare earth ore layer;
the rare earth tailing improved layer is arranged on at least one part of the clay blocking layer and comprises loam, organic matters, bentonite and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;
vegetation planted on at least a portion of the modified layer of rare earth tailings,
at least one of a catch basin, an interception ditch and a flood interception ditch, wherein the catch basin is arranged at the periphery of the ecological type rare earth tailings, the interception ditch is arranged at least one of the multilayer ore layers, the flood interception ditch is arranged at the top of the ecological type rare earth tailings and/or along the side surface of the slope of the ecological type rare earth tailings,
the intercepting ditch, the intercepting ditch and the flood intercepting ditch are of concrete structures independently, and deformation joints are arranged at the intercepting ditch, the intercepting ditch and the flood intercepting ditch independently at intervals of 15-20 m and/or turning positions.
The inventor finds that the blocking layer is formed on the surface of the rare earth ore layer, so that rainwater infiltration can be effectively inhibited, the flushing of the tailings by rainwater is obviously reduced, thereby obviously reducing the influence of residual chemicals in the rare earth tailing tailings on the surrounding environment of a mining area, and when the mineral sandy soil is mixed with cement and quicklime to form a barrier layer, although the blocking effect is good and the acid tailings can be neutralized, more cement and quicklime need to be added to achieve the good neutralization effect, when the content of quicklime in the barrier layer is larger, organic matters on the surface of the barrier layer can be rapidly decomposed, phosphate, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper and other trace elements in soil of the improved layer can form insoluble precipitates, the effectiveness of the trace elements and the like is greatly reduced, the soil structure in the improved layer is seriously damaged, and the ecological restoration of a rare earth tailing mining area is influenced; in addition, the interlayer is formed by cement and quicklime, the root system of the plant is not easy to grow and is not favorable for the growth of shrubs and trees, on one hand, the plant growth is seriously inhibited due to the increase of the pH value of the soil, and on the other hand, the root system cannot penetrate due to the formed compact cement layer. The utility model discloses in through directly forming closely knit clay barrier layer on rare earth ore bed surface, not only can carry out the normal position to the tombarthite tailing and seal up the separation to reach better separation effect, show the influence that reduces residual chemical in the tombarthite tailing to the mining area surrounding environment, moreover because the clay barrier layer does not contain the additive, still can not cause negative effects to the soil on tombarthite tailing improvement layer; further, the utility model discloses in through adding calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in tombarthite tailing improvement layer, not only can provide the required phosphorus element of growth for the vegetation, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer uses the heavy metal element in can also effective absorption and the chemically stable tombarthite tailing improvement layer with the bentonite cooperation moreover to can effectively solve the problem that heavy metal such as Pb, Cd exceeds standard in tombarthite tailing mining area and the earth's surface aquatic on every side thereof when improving vegetation growth effect. From this, the utility model discloses ecological remediation type rare earth tailings not only simple structure of above-mentioned embodiment, can dredge the confluence to the inside and outside rainwater of rare earth tailings restoration district, avoid the rainwater to the washing away of rare earth tailings restoration district, improve normal position prevention of seepage separation effect, can also realize the ecological remediation to the rare earth tailings, make the water content in the rare earth tailings improvement layer soil after the restoration, organic matter content, effective nitrogen phosphorus potassium content is showing and is improving, and the pH value that enables the rare earth tailings improvement layer adjusts to 6 ~ 8, can also show the heavy metal that reduces in the improvement layer simultaneously and leach concentration, for example, can make lead in the improvement layer leach the content and accord with III class standard in the surface water environmental quality standard.
In addition, according to the utility model discloses ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of above-mentioned embodiment can also have following additional technical characterstic:
optionally, the thickness of the clay barrier layer is 20-30 cm, and the thickness of the rare earth tailing improved layer is 30-80 cm. Therefore, the blocking effect of the clay blocking layer can be further improved, and a sufficient soil environment is provided for vegetation growth.
Optionally, the cross section of the intercepting ditch is rectangular, the thicknesses of the bottom surface and the side walls on the two sides of the intercepting ditch are respectively and independently 15-25 cm, the net height of the intercepting ditch is 30-50 cm, and the net width of the intercepting ditch is 30-50 cm.
Optionally, a first sand-stone cushion layer is arranged below the intercepting ditch, the thickness of the first sand-stone cushion layer is 10-15 cm, and the width of the first sand-stone cushion layer is 80-120 cm.
Optionally, the width of each layer of the ore bed is 3.0-5.0 m, the height is 2.5-4.0 m, the slope gradient is not more than 1: 3.
optionally, the section of the intercepting trench is rectangular, the thicknesses of the bottom surface and the side walls on the two sides of the intercepting trench are respectively and independently 15-20 cm, the clear height of the intercepting trench is 30-40 cm, and the clear width of the intercepting trench is 30-40 cm.
Optionally, a second sand cushion layer is arranged below the intercepting ditch, the thickness of the second sand cushion layer is 10-15 cm, and the width of the second sand cushion layer is 80-100 cm.
Optionally, the cross section of the flood interception ditch is trapezoidal, the thicknesses of the bottom surface and the side walls on the two sides of the flood interception ditch are respectively and independently 20-25 cm, the clear height of the flood interception ditch is 60-100 cm, the clear width of the top surface of the flood interception ditch is 90-120 cm, the clear width of the bottom surface is 50-70 cm, and the gradient of the side wall on the inner side of the flood interception ditch is not lower than 1: 0.25.
optionally, a third sand cushion layer is arranged below the flood interception ditch, the thickness of the third sand cushion layer is 10-15 cm, and the width of the third sand cushion layer is 110-140 cm.
Optionally, the flood interception ditch is internally provided with rough strips. Therefore, the flow speed of the rainwater in the flood interception ditch can be effectively reduced, and the scouring force of the rainwater in the flood interception ditch is remarkably reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of ecological remediation rare earth tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an intercepting drain of ecological remediation type rare earth tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an intercepting trench of ecological remediation type rare earth tailings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flood interception ditch of ecological remediation type rare earth tailings according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
According to the utility model discloses a first aspect, the utility model provides an ecological remediation type tombarthite tailing. According to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings include: the rare earth mine layer 100, the clay barrier layer 200, the rare earth tailings improvement layer 300, the vegetation 400, and at least one of the intercepting ditch 500, the intercepting ditch 600, and the intercepting flood ditch 700. The rare earth ore layer 100 comprises flat ground and/or multiple ore layers, and the multiple ore layers are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top and form a step shape; a clay barrier layer 200 is provided on at least a portion of the rare earth ore layer 100; the rare earth tailing modification layer 300 is arranged on at least one part of the clay barrier layer 200, and the rare earth tailing modification layer 300 comprises loam, organic matters, bentonite and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; the vegetation is planted on at least a portion of the rare earth tailings improvement layer 300; the intercepting ditch 500 is arranged at the periphery of the ecological restoration rare earth tailings, at least one of the multiple ore layers is provided with the intercepting ditch 600, the flood intercepting ditch 700 is arranged at the top of the ecological restoration rare earth tailings and/or along the side face of the slope of the ecological restoration rare earth tailings, the ditches of the intercepting ditch 500, the intercepting ditch 600 and the flood intercepting ditch 700 are respectively and independently of a concrete structure, and deformation joints are respectively and independently arranged at the positions of 15-20 m and/or turning positions of the intercepting ditch 500, the intercepting ditch 600 and the flood intercepting ditch 700.
The inventor finds that rainwater infiltration can be effectively inhibited and the flushing of the tailings by rainwater can be obviously reduced by forming the blocking layer on the surface of the rare earth ore layer, so that the influence of residual chemicals in the rare earth tailings on the surrounding environment of the ore area is obviously reduced. When the mineral sand is mixed with cement and quicklime to form the barrier layer, although the barrier effect is good and the acid tailings can be neutralized, more cement and quicklime need to be added to achieve the good neutralization effect, and when the content of the quicklime in the barrier layer is large, organic matters on the surface of the barrier layer can be rapidly decomposed, phosphate and trace elements such as iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper and the like in soil of the improved layer can form insoluble precipitates, so that the effectiveness of the trace elements and the like is greatly reduced, the soil structure in the improved layer is seriously damaged, and the ecological restoration of a rare earth tailings mining area is influenced; in addition, the interlayer is formed by cement and quicklime, the root system of the plant is not easy to grow and is not favorable for the growth of shrubs and trees, on one hand, the plant growth is seriously inhibited due to the increase of the pH value of the soil, and on the other hand, the root system cannot penetrate due to the formed compact cement layer. The utility model discloses in through directly forming closely knit clay barrier layer on rare earth ore bed surface, not only can carry out the normal position to the tombarthite tailing and seal up the separation to reach better separation effect, show the influence that reduces residual chemical in the tombarthite tailing to the mining area surrounding environment, moreover because the clay barrier layer does not contain the additive, still can not cause negative effects to the soil on tombarthite tailing improvement layer; further, the utility model discloses in through adding calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in tombarthite tailing improvement layer, not only can provide the required phosphorus element of growth for the vegetation, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer uses the heavy metal element in can also effective absorption and the chemically stable tombarthite tailing improvement layer with the bentonite cooperation moreover to can effectively solve the problem that heavy metal such as Pb, Cd exceeds standard in tombarthite tailing mining area and the earth's surface aquatic on every side thereof when improving vegetation growth effect. From this, the utility model discloses ecological remediation type rare earth tailings not only simple structure of above-mentioned embodiment, can dredge the confluence to the inside and outside rainwater of rare earth tailings restoration district, avoid the rainwater to the washing away of rare earth tailings restoration district, improve normal position prevention of seepage separation effect, can also realize the ecological remediation to the rare earth tailings, make the water content in the rare earth tailings improvement layer after the restoration, organic matter content, effective nitrogen phosphorus potassium content is showing and is improving, and the pH value that enables the rare earth tailings improvement layer adjusts to 6 ~ 8, can also show the heavy metal that reduces in the improvement layer simultaneously and leach concentration, for example, can make lead in the improvement layer leach the content and accord with III class standard in the surface water environmental quality standard.
The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings according to the above embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, the thickness of clay barrier layer 200 can be 20 ~ 30cm, and the thickness on rare earth tailings improvement layer can be 30 ~ 80cm, for example the thickness of clay barrier layer 200 can be 20cm, 22cm, 24cm, 26cm, 28cm or 30cm, and the thickness on rare earth tailings improvement layer can be 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm, 55cm, 60cm, 65cm, 70cm, 75cm or 80 cm. The utility model discloses in be above-mentioned thickness respectively through control clay barrier layer 200 and tombarthite tailing improvement layer 300, not only can further improve the separation effect of clay barrier layer, effectively restrain the rainwater infiltration, show the washing that reduces the rainwater to the tombarthite ore deposit to restrain the release of remaining chemicals in the tombarthite ore deposit and to the influence of mining area surrounding environment, still can provide sufficient soil environment for the vegetation growth.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the ecological remediation-type rare earth tailings may further include a catch drain 500, and the catch drain 500 is disposed at the periphery of the ecological remediation-type rare earth tailings. In order to prevent rainwater on the mountain from scouring the treatment area, a catch basin can be arranged on the periphery of the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings, so that a large amount of rainwater on the periphery of the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings can be effectively inhibited from flowing into the rare earth tailings mining area, scouring of the rainwater on the mountain on the rare earth tailings mining area is avoided, and influence of residual chemicals in the rare earth tailings on the surrounding environment of the mining area is remarkably reduced. Further, the body of the intercepting drain 500 may be a concrete structure, and the strength grade of the concrete body may be C25, thereby making it possible to provide the intercepting drain 500 with sufficient stability and erosion resistance. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a first sand cushion 510 may be further disposed under the intercepting drain 500, and the first sand cushion 510 may be made of concrete and may have a strength grade of C15; the intercepting ditch 500 can be provided with deformation joints (not shown) every 15-20 m or at turning positions, the deformation joints can be filled with asphalt hemp threads for stopping water, wherein the width of the deformation joints can be 20mm, the first sand-stone cushion layer is arranged below the intercepting ditch, so that the compactness of soil below the intercepting ditch can be further improved, and the probability of stress concentration of the intercepting ditch is remarkably reduced; and the deformation joint can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the intercepting drain is deformed or damaged due to factors such as temperature, ground settlement and the like.
Further, the shape and size of the cross section of the intercepting drain 500, and the thickness and width of the first gravel cushion 510 are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the cross section according to the actual requirement, for example, as shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the intercepting drain 500 may be rectangular, and the thickness d of the bottom surface of the intercepting drain 500 is51Thickness d of side wall of both sides52Each of which is 15 to 25cm, for example, 15cm, 17cm, 19cm, 21cm, 23cm, or 25 cm; clear height h of catch basin 50051May be 30-50 cm, for example 34cm, 38cm, 42cm, 46cm or 50 cm; clear width of catch basin51May be 30-50 cm, for example 34cm, 38cm, 42cm, 46cm or 50 cm; thickness d of first sandstone cushion layer53May be 10 to 15cm, for example, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15 cm; width ofl5380 to 120cm, for example, 80cm, 85cm, 90cm, 95cm, 100cm, 105cm, 110cm, 115cm or 120cm, and the thickness d of the bottom surface of the gutter 50051And thickness d of both side walls52Can be 20cm, net height h51And net width l51Can be all 40cm, the thickness d of the first sand cushion layer53Can be 10cm, width l53Can be 100cm, from this, not only can further improve the steadiness of intercepting the ditch to further reduce the probability that intercepting the ditch appears stress concentration phenomenon, can also effectively restrain the peripheral rainwater of tombarthite tailing mining area and flow into in the mining area in a large number, and then reduce the infiltration volume of rainwater in the mining area.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the rare earth ore layer 100 may include a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers may be stacked in order from bottom to top and formed in a step shape. In the actual operation process, the rare earth tailing pile needs to be trimmed to flat ground and/or multiple ore layers, for example, waste residues at the top of the rare earth tailing pile are stacked less and are not beneficial to field sealing and blocking, and can be cleaned to the slope toe for stacking and sealing, and the rare earth tailing pile with the larger slope of the natural slope needs to be trimmed to multiple ore layers which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and form a ladder shape, and is similar to the ladder shape, so that the trimming difficulty of the rare earth tailing pile can be reduced, and the planting and maintenance of vegetation are facilitated. Further, the width of each seam may be 3.0-5.0 m, such as 3.0m, 3.2m, 3.4m, 3.6m, 3.8m, 4.0m, 4.2m, 4.4m, 4.6m, 4.8m, or 5.0 m; the heights can be respectively and independently 2.5-4.0 m, such as 2.5m, 2.8m, 3.1m, 3.4m, 3.7m or 4.0 m; the slope slopes may be independently no greater than 1: 3, not only can show the restoration area who improves the tombarthite tailing from this, be favorable to the planting and the maintenance of vegetation simultaneously, can also avoid the landslide rate of ore bed side slope and avoid soil erosion and water loss greatly to can further improve restoration rate and the restoration effect to the tombarthite tailing.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, at least one of multilayer mineral deposit can be equipped with the catch basin 600, and every layer of preferred mineral deposit all sets up the catch basin 600, the utility model discloses in through set up the catch basin on the mineral deposit platform, can in time with the domatic confluence of rainwater drainage guide on the mineral deposit to not only can avoid the rainwater to wash down domatic and avoid soil erosion and water loss, can also show the infiltration capacity that reduces the rainwater, thereby further improve normal position prevention of seepage separation effect. Further, the body of the intercepting trench 600 may be a concrete structure, and the strength grade of the concrete body may be C25, thereby making it possible to provide the intercepting trench 600 with sufficient stability and erosion resistance. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, a second sand cushion 610 may be further disposed below the intercepting ditch 600, and the second sand cushion 610 may be made of concrete and may have a strength grade of C15; the intercepting ditch 600 can be provided with deformation joints (not shown) every 15-20 m or at turning positions, the deformation joints can be filled with asphalt hemp threads for stopping water, wherein the width of the deformation joints can be 20mm, the utility model discloses a through setting up the second grit bed course under the intercepting ditch, can further improve the compactness of soil under the intercepting ditch, obviously reduce the probability that the intercepting ditch appears stress concentration phenomenon; and the deformation joint can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the intercepting ditch is deformed or damaged due to factors such as temperature, ground settlement and the like.
Further, the shape and size of the cross section of the intercepting trench 600, and the thickness and width of the second gravel cushion 610 are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the cross section according to actual needs, for example, as shown in fig. 3, the cross section of the intercepting trench 600 may be rectangular, and the thickness d of the bottom surface of the intercepting trench 600 is61Thickness d of side wall of both sides62Can be respectively and independently 15-20 cm, for example, 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20 cm; clear height h of cut-off trench 60061May be 30-40 cm, for example, 30cm, 32cm, 34cm, 36cm, 38cm or 40 cm; clear width l of cut-off trench 60061May be 30-40 cm, for example, 30cm, 32cm, 34cm, 36cm, 38cm or 40 cm; thickness d of second sand cushion 61063May be 10 to 15cm, for example, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15 cm; width l63May be 80 to 100cm, for example, 80cm, 85cm, 90cm, 95cm or 100cm, and the likeThe stability of the catch basin can be further improved, the probability of stress concentration of the catch basin can be further reduced, and the rainwater guide drainage slope on the ore bed can be converged in time, so that the lower slope of rainwater erosion can be avoided, a large amount of water and soil loss can be avoided, the infiltration capacity of rainwater can be remarkably reduced, and the in-situ seepage-proofing and blocking effect can be improved.
According to the utility model discloses a still another concrete example, ecological remediation type rare earth tailings can further include cut the flood ditch 700, and cut the flood ditch 700 and can establish the top on ecological remediation type rare earth tailings and/or follow the side of ecological remediation type rare earth tailings slope, the utility model discloses in through further setting up cut the flood ditch, can further prevent that the rainwater from scouring over whole domatic to further reduce the infiltration capacity of rainwater on the tailings is piled, and the rainwater is to domatic scouring and infiltration capacity under the rare earth tailings, avoid taking place domatic landslide phenomenon simultaneously. Further, the body of the flood interception ditch 700 may be of a concrete structure, and the strength grade of the concrete body may be C25, so that the flood interception ditch 700 may have sufficient stability and erosion resistance. Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, a third sand cushion layer 710 can be further arranged below the flood interception ditch 700, the third sand cushion layer 710 can be made of concrete, and the strength grade can be C15; the flood intercepting ditch 700 can be provided with deformation joints (not shown) at intervals of 15-20 m or at turning positions, and asphalt hemp threads can be filled in the deformation joints for water stop, wherein the width of the deformation joints can be 20 mm; and the phenomenon that the flood interception ditch is deformed or damaged due to factors such as temperature, ground settlement and the like can be effectively avoided by arranging the deformation joint. Preferably, the flood intercepting ditches 700 may be provided with rough strips (not shown), preferably in relatively steep ditch sections, so that the flood intercepting ditches can collect water into the river branches. Along the domatic direction of height setting of cutting the flood ditch that sets up of ecological remediation type tombarthite tailing heap on the whole along the tombarthite tailing heap, for cut the ditch and cut off the ditch, the velocity of flow of rainwater is faster in cutting the flood ditch, and the scouring force of production is also bigger, the utility model discloses in through further setting up the coarse strip in cutting the flood ditch, can effectively reduce the velocity of flow of rainwater in cutting the flood ditch to show the scouring force that reduces rainwater in cutting the flood ditch.
Further, the shape and size of the cross section of the flood intercepting trench 700, and the thickness and width of the third sand cushion 710 are not particularly limited, and can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the cross section of the flood intercepting trench 700 can be trapezoidal, the thickness d71 of the bottom surface of the flood intercepting trench 700 and the thickness d72 of the side walls at two sides can be 20-25 cm, for example, 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, 24cm or 25cm, respectively and independently; the clear height h71 of the flood intercepting ditch 700 can be 60-100 cm, for example, 60cm, 65cm, 70cm, 75cm, 80cm, 85cm, 90cm, 95cm or 100 cm; the net width l71 of the top surface of the flood interception ditch can be 90-120 cm, for example, 90cm, 95cm, 100cm, 105cm, 110cm, 115cm or 120 cm; the clear width l72 of the bottom surface can be 50-70 cm, for example, 50cm, 55cm, 60cm, 65cm or 70 cm; the slope i71 of the inner side wall of the flood interception ditch 700 can be not lower than 1: 0.25; the thickness d73 of the third sand cushion 710 may be 10-15 cm, for example, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15 cm; the width l73 may be 110 to 140cm, for example 110cm, 115cm, 120cm, 125cm, 130cm, 135cm or 140 cm. From this, not only can further improve the steadiness of intercepting the flood ditch to further reduce the probability that the intercepting ditch appears stress concentration phenomenon, can also in time converge the rainwater drainage guide on ore heap and the domatic, thereby can further avoid the rainwater to wash whole domatic and avoid soil erosion and water loss in a large number, show the infiltration capacity that reduces the rainwater, improve normal position prevention of seepage separation effect.
It should be noted that in the present invention, "clear width" of the intercepting drain, intercepting drain or intercepting flood drain refers to the distance between the inner surfaces of the drain body, and "gradient" refers to the ratio of the vertical height of the slope or the side wall of the drain body to the distance in the horizontal direction.
According to the utility model discloses a still another concrete embodiment, the catch basin 600 can link to each other with cut the flood ditch 700, and the catch basin 600 is located from bottom to top superpose in proper order and form on the multilayer ore deposit of echelonment, and cut the side setting that the rare earth tailings slope can be followed to the flood ditch, through linking to each other catch basin 600 with cut the flood ditch 700, can form vertically and horizontally staggered's escape canal on whole domatic to can in time arrange the river course lateral ditch with the rainwater in the mining area.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the rare earth tailings improvement layer 300 may include loam, organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite, wherein the rare earth tailings improvement layer 300 does not need soil removal, and the loam may be general soil in the ecological restoration area and the vicinity thereof, and the inventors found that the loam, bentonite and organic fertilizer can adjust the soil aggregate structure, improve the water retention property thereof, and promote plant survival; the organic fertilizer and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can adjust the content of nutrient elements in soil and promote the survival of plants; the organic fertilizer and the bentonite can improve the utilization rate of nutrients in the improved layer through the slow release effect and promote the survival of plants; the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can form a stable complex with total metal Pb in tailings, so that the leaching of the complex into surface water is inhibited, and the pollution of the surface water is reduced; bentonite has the adsorption characteristic, and the polluted element such as Pb, Cd suppresses its leaching to surface water in the adsorbable soil, alleviates surface water pollution, the utility model discloses in constitute for above-mentioned through control tombarthite tailing improvement layer, not only can prevent the waste to soil resources, can also fix heavy metal, improve soil structure and nutrient composition to more be favorable to the ecological restoration of tombarthite tailing. In addition, the utility model discloses the kind of well fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite is not restricted by particular limitation, and the skilled person in the art can select according to actual need, for example, the fertilizer can be for the commodity of selling on the market, need accord with the relevant standard of national organic fertilizer NY525-2012, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer need accord with the regulation of national calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer GB 20412 one's wall 2006, and the bentonite can be for the calcium base bentonite of selling on the market that punches; the rare earth tailings, loam, organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite can be mixed by an ash soil mixer and then spread on the surface of the clay barrier layer. Further, in the rare earth tailings improvement layer, the content of loam can be 15-30 wt%, for example, 15 wt%, 18 wt%, 21 wt%, 24 wt%, 27 wt% or 30 wt%; the total content of the organic fertilizer, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the bentonite may be 5 to 10 wt%, for example, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%; the content of the organic fertilizer may be 1 to 1.5 wt%, for example, 1 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.2 wt%, 1.3 wt%, 1.4 wt%, or 1.5 wt%; the content of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can be 0.5 to 1.5 wt%, for example, 0.5 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.3 wt%, or 1.5 wt%; the content of bentonite may be 7 to 8.5 wt%, for example, 7 wt%, 7.3 wt%, 7.6 wt%, 7.9 wt%, 8.2 wt%, or 8.5 wt%. The utility model discloses in through each component for above-mentioned content in the control rare earth tailings improvement layer, not only can more be favorable to the growth of vegetation to showing the leaching rate that reduces heavy metal element in the mining area soil, can also further improve the utilization ratio of nutrient in the rare earth tailings improvement layer.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation 400 can be at least one selected from grass, shrub and arbor, preferably multiple herbs, shrubs and shrubs are combined for planting, for example, the vegetation 400 can be suitable for growing plants in acid soil, wherein the herb for greening can be selected from dicranopteris pedata, paspalum, ryegrass, bermuda grass and the like for mixed use, the shrub can be selected from cibotium barometz, pinus tabulaeformis, pinus massoniana, rhododendron, lespedeza, tung oil tree, navel orange and the like, wherein dicranopteris pedata, miscanthus sinensis, cibotium barometz and the like need to collect spores in advance or breed in advance. Therefore, the greening success rate can be obviously improved, and the maintenance cost can be reduced. Wherein, for grass, the mixed grass seeds are mixed with a certain amount of sandy soil, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and then is manually sown; the dicranopteris pedata is bred firstly, a large amount of spores are obtained and then are mixed with sandy soil for sowing, the sunshade net is arranged on the surface of the sowed dicranopteris pedata, watering is carried out regularly, fertilizers are supplemented according to conditions, and sowing of the dicranopteris pedata is mainly carried out in spring and autumn; transplanting shrubs with soil at an interval of 0.8-1.5 m; for trees, 1.5-2.5 meters are used as distances, the trees are transplanted with soil, watering is carried out after the trees are transplanted, the survival rate is guaranteed, and fertilizers are supplemented according to the situation. In addition, the plant species are selected by combining the terrain and slope conditions, for the sunny side, paspalum natatum, bermudagrass, ryegrass, dicranopteris pedata, lespedeza pedeza, rhododendron, aleurites fordii, navel orange and the like can be planted, and for the shady side, paspalum natatum, bermudagrass, dicranopteris japonica, pinus massoniana, pinus tabulaeformis and the like can be planted; for places with sufficient water, rhizoma Cibotii, Chinese pine, and Pinus massoniana can be planted.
In order to facilitate understanding of the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of the present invention, the following describes a method for remedying rare earth tailings by using the structure of the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings in detail. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this method includes: (1) finishing the rare earth tailing pile so as to form a rare earth ore layer and obtain rare earth tailing sand; (2) paving clay on the surface of the rare earth ore layer and mechanically compacting to form a clay barrier layer; (3) mixing rare earth tailing tailings, loam, organic matters, bentonite and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and paving the mixture on the surface of a clay barrier layer so as to form a rare earth tailing improved layer; (4) planting vegetation on the improved layer of the rare earth tailings so as to form the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings; (5) and constructing a drainage system and an irrigation system, wherein the drainage system comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a catch basin, a cut-off basin and a flood interception basin.
According to the method, the compact clay barrier layer is directly formed on the surface of the rare earth ore layer, so that the rare earth tailings can be subjected to in-situ sealing and blocking, and the flushing of rainwater on the tailings and the infiltration amount of rainwater are remarkably reduced, so that the influence of residual chemicals in the rare earth tailings on the surrounding environment of an ore area is reduced, and the clay barrier layer does not contain an additive and cannot cause negative influence on soil of a rare earth tailings improvement layer; furthermore, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is added into the rare earth tailing improved layer, so that phosphorus elements required for growth can be provided for vegetation, and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite are matched for use, so that heavy metal elements in the rare earth tailings can be effectively adsorbed and chemically stabilized, and the problem that heavy metals such as Pb, Cd and the like in a rare earth tailing mine area and the surrounding surface water exceed the standard can be effectively solved while the vegetation growth effect is improved; in addition, rainwater inside and outside the rare earth tailing restoration area can be dredged and converged by building a drainage system, so that the rare earth tailing restoration area is prevented from being washed away by rainwater, the in-situ anti-seepage and blocking effects are improved, and particularly, the intercepting ditch is suitable for being used at the periphery of the restoration area and prevents rainwater on a mountain from washing away the treatment area; the intercepting ditch is suitable for the slope toe of the restoration area, guides and discharges the catchment of the slope surface in time, avoids the catchment from scouring the slope surface of the next level, reduces the infiltration amount of rainwater, and is beneficial to the in-situ seepage prevention and separation; the flood intercepting ditch is suitable for the top and the side of the restoration area so as to further reduce the infiltration amount of rainwater on the tailing pile and prevent the rainwater from scouring the whole slope surface, thereby avoiding the slope surface landslide. Therefore, the method is simple, ecological restoration of the rare earth tailings can be achieved, the water content, the organic matter content and the effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the restored rare earth tailings improved layer are obviously improved, the pH value of the rare earth tailings improved layer can be adjusted to 6-8, the leaching concentration of heavy metals in the improved layer can be obviously reduced, and the leaching content of lead in the improved layer can meet the III-class standard in the surface water environment quality standard.
According to the utility model discloses a specific embodiment, in step (1), it can include to maintain the tombarthite tailing heap: and trimming the rare earth tailing pile into flat ground and/or multiple ore layers, wherein the multiple ore layers are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top and are formed into a step shape. When repairing rare earth tailings, the rare earth tailings top waste residue is stacked less, is not favorable for the block of closing a field, can clear up to the toe and stack and seal up, and to the great rare earth tailings heap of slope of nature, need repair it for superpose in proper order from bottom to top and form into the multilayer ore deposit of echelonment, be similar to terraced field form, not only can reduce the maintenance degree of difficulty to rare earth tailings heap from this, still more be favorable to the planting and the maintenance of vegetation. Further, the width of each seam may be 3.0-5.0 m, such as 3.0m, 3.2m, 3.4m, 3.6m, 3.8m, 4.0m, 4.2m, 4.4m, 4.6m, 4.8m, or 5.0 m; the heights can be respectively and independently 2.5-4.0 m, such as 2.5m, 2.8m, 3.1m, 3.4m, 3.7m or 4.0 m; the slope slopes may be independently no greater than 1: 3, not only can show the restoration area who improves the tombarthite tailing from this, be favorable to the planting and the maintenance of vegetation simultaneously, can also avoid the landslide rate of ore bed side slope and avoid soil erosion and water loss greatly to can further improve restoration rate and the restoration effect to the tombarthite tailing.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, the utility model discloses the kind of well fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite is not restricted by specially, and the technical staff in the field can select according to actual need, for example, the fertilizer can be for the commodity of selling on the market, need accord with the relevant standard of national organic fertilizer NY525-2012, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer need accord with national "calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer GB 20412 + 2006" regulation, and the bentonite can be for the calcium base of selling on the market use bentonite that punches; the rare earth tailings, the loam, the organic fertilizer, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the bentonite can be mixed by an ash soil mixer and then spread on the surface of the clay barrier layer, wherein the rare earth tailings improvement layer does not need soil dressing, and the loam can be an ecological restoration area and general soil nearby the ecological restoration area, so that the waste of soil resources can be prevented, heavy metals can be fixed, the soil structure and the nutrient content are improved, and the ecological restoration of the rare earth tailings is facilitated.
According to the utility model discloses a still another embodiment, in step (3), in the tombarthite tailing improvement layer, the content of loam can be 15 ~ 30 wt%, and the total content of fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite can be 5 ~ 10 wt%, and the content of fertilizer can be 1 ~ 1.5 wt%, and the content of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can be 0.5 ~ 1.5 wt%, and the content of bentonite is 6 ~ 8.5 wt%. The inventor finds that the loam, the bentonite and the organic fertilizer can adjust the granular structure of the soil, improve the water-retaining property of the soil and promote the survival of plants; the organic fertilizer and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can adjust the content of nutrient elements in soil and promote the survival of plants; the organic fertilizer and the bentonite can improve the utilization rate of nutrients in the improved layer through the slow release effect and promote the survival of plants; the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can form a stable complex with total metal Pb in tailings, so that the leaching of the complex into surface water is inhibited, and the pollution of the surface water is reduced; bentonite has the adsorption characteristic, and polluting elements such as Pb, Cd in the adsorbable soil restrain its leaching to surface water, alleviate surface water pollution, the utility model discloses in be above-mentioned content through each component in the control rare earth tailings improvement layer, not only can more be favorable to the growth of vegetation to show the leaching rate that reduces heavy metal element in the mining area soil, can also further improve the utilization ratio of nutrient in the rare earth tailings improvement layer.
It should be noted that the features and effects described above for the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings are also applicable to the method for remediating rare earth tailings, and are not described in detail here.
To sum up, the utility model discloses an ecological modification type rare earth tailings and method of restoreing rare earth tailings have following advantage at least: after the rare earth tailing pile is trimmed, clay is directly laid on a rare earth ore layer and mechanically compacted to form a clay blocking layer, so that rainwater can be prevented from seeping downwards, and the rare earth tailings below the clay blocking layer are prevented from being washed; by adding the calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the bentonite into the clay barrier layer, heavy metal elements in the rare earth tailings above the clay barrier layer can be adsorbed and chemically stabilized; by constructing facilities such as an intercepting ditch, a water intercepting ditch and a flood intercepting ditch, rainwater can be guided into the cement-reinforced ditch, the scouring effect of the rainwater on the surface of tailings is reduced, and soil erosion can be prevented and surface water pollution can be effectively prevented by matching with vegetation restoration; in addition, the vegetation has various planting varieties, so that the biological diversity is relatively increased, and the ecological restoration is facilitated; the sources of loam, organic matters, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite are easy to obtain, thus being beneficial to the popularization of the technology and the large-area use; furthermore, the utility model discloses in only the tailings of stabilization treatment earth's surface part to do stabilization treatment to all tailings, not only be favorable to control cost, can guarantee stable effect moreover.
The solution of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
Trimming the rare earth tailing pile to form a rare earth ore layer and obtain rare earth tailings; paving clay on the surface of the rare earth ore layer and mechanically compacting to form a clay barrier layer; mixing rare earth tailing tailings, loam, organic matters, bentonite and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and paving the mixture on the surface of a clay barrier layer to form a rare earth tailing improved layer; (4) and planting Chinese pine, dicranopteris pedata, bermuda grass and ryegrass on the improved layer of the rare earth tailings for vegetation recovery. Wherein the thickness of the clay barrier layer is 20cm, and the thickness of the rare earth tailing improved layer is 70 cm; in the rare earth tailing improved layer, the content of loam is 25 wt%, the total content of organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and bentonite is 10 wt%, the content of organic fertilizer is 1.5 wt%, the content of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 1.0 wt%, and the content of bentonite is 7.5 wt%; the space between the Chinese pine is 1.5 meters multiplied by 1.5 meters, the depth of the hole is 0.6 meter, the Chinese pine is transplanted and then the rare earth tailings containing loam, organic matters, bentonite and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are buried, and the pit surface is about 8cm lower than the ground; the mixing ratio of spores (grass seeds) of dicranopteris pedata, bermuda grass and ryegrass is 1: 200: 200 of a carrier; covering the surface of the bag with a shading net after sowing, and collecting soil samples to test the nutrient content before and after 6 months.
Before repair: the water content of the rare earth tailing improved layer is 11 wt%, the pH value is 4.8, the organic matter content is 0.23 wt%, the hydrolysis nitrogen content is 20.6mg/Kg, the available phosphorus content is 6.1mg/Kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 40mg/Kg, the total organic carbon content is 0.19g/Kg, the total nitrogen content is 0.38g/Kg, the total phosphorus content is 22mg/Kg, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal Pb is 1.041 mg/L.
After repairing: the water content of the rare earth tailing improved layer is 29 wt%, the pH value is 6.7, the organic matter content is 2.38 wt%, the hydrolysis nitrogen content is 61.0mg/Kg, the effective phosphorus content is 230mg/Kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 182mg/Kg, the total organic carbon content is 2.05g/Kg, the total nitrogen content is 0.72g/Kg, the total phosphorus content is 312mg/Kg, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal Pb is 0.039 mg/L.
Comparative example 1
Trimming the rare earth tailing pile to form a rare earth ore layer and obtain rare earth tailings; mixing ore sandy soil, cement, quicklime and a binder, and paving the mixture on the surface of a rare earth ore layer to form a compact barrier layer with the thickness of 3-5 cm, wherein the volume ratio of the ore sandy soil, the cement, the quicklime and the binder is 6:1.5:2:0.5, the binder is a vinyl acetate polymer, and is prepared into emulsion with the concentration of 3% for use in the using process, and the ore sandy soil is the ore sandy soil in an ore area; paving plant debris on the barrier layer to form a coarse fiber organic substance layer with the thickness of 1-2 cm, wherein the particle size of the plant debris is 1-5 mm; mixing rare earth tailings and loam and paving the mixture on the surface of the clay barrier layer to form a planting layer with the thickness of 50 cm; (4) and planting Chinese pine, dicranopteris pedata, bermuda grass and ryegrass on the planting layer for vegetation recovery. Wherein the content of loam in the planting layer is 30 wt%; the distance between the Chinese pine is 1.5 meters multiplied by 1.5 meters, the depth of the hole is 0.6 meter, the rare earth tailings containing loam are buried after the Chinese pine is transplanted, and the pit surface is about 8cm lower than the ground; the mixing ratio of spores (grass seeds) of dicranopteris pedata, bermuda grass and ryegrass is 1: 200: 200 of a carrier; covering the surface of the bag with a shading net after sowing, and collecting soil samples to test the nutrient content before and after 6 months.
Before repair: the water content of the rare earth tailing improved layer is 11 wt%, the pH value is 4.8, the organic matter content is 0.23 wt%, the hydrolysis nitrogen content is 20.6mg/Kg, the available phosphorus content is 6.1mg/Kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 40mg/Kg, the total organic carbon content is 0.19g/Kg, the total nitrogen content is 0.38g/Kg, the total phosphorus content is 22mg/Kg, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal Pb is 1.041 mg/L.
After repairing: the water content of the rare earth tailing improved layer is 16 wt%, the pH value is 8.4, the organic matter content is 0.19 wt%, the hydrolysis nitrogen content is 18.4mg/Kg, the available phosphorus content is 5.5mg/Kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 31mg/Kg, the total organic carbon content is 1.75g/Kg, the total nitrogen content is 0.57g/Kg, the total phosphorus content is 248mg/Kg, and the leaching concentration of heavy metal Pb is 0.033 mg/L.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological remediation type rare earth tailings is characterized by comprising:
the rare earth ore layers comprise flat ground and/or multiple ore layers, and the multiple ore layers are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top and form a step shape;
a clay barrier layer disposed on at least a portion of the rare earth ore layer;
a rare earth tailings modification layer disposed on at least a portion of the clay barrier layer;
vegetation planted on at least a portion of the modified layer of rare earth tailings,
at least one of a catch basin, an interception ditch and a flood interception ditch, wherein the catch basin is arranged at the periphery of the ecological restoration type rare earth tailings, the interception ditch is arranged at least one of the multilayer ore layers, the flood interception ditch is arranged at the top of the ecological restoration type rare earth tailings and/or along the side surface of the slope of the ecological restoration type rare earth tailings,
the intercepting ditch, the intercepting ditch and the flood intercepting ditch are of concrete structures independently, and deformation joints are arranged at the intercepting ditch, the intercepting ditch and the flood intercepting ditch independently at intervals of 15-20 m and/or turning positions.
2. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 1, wherein the clay barrier layer is 20-30 cm thick, and the rare earth tailings improvement layer is 30-80 cm thick.
3. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 1 or 2, wherein the section of the intercepting ditch is rectangular, the thicknesses of the bottom surface and the side walls on two sides of the intercepting ditch are respectively and independently 15-25 cm, the net height of the intercepting ditch is 30-50 cm, and the net width of the intercepting ditch is 30-50 cm.
4. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 3, wherein a first sand cushion layer is arranged below the intercepting ditch, and the first sand cushion layer is 10-15 cm thick and 80-120 cm wide.
5. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 1 or 4, wherein the width of each layer of the ore layer is 3.0-5.0 m, the height is 2.5-4.0 m, the slope gradient is not more than 1: 3.
6. the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 5, wherein the section of the intercepting trench is rectangular, the thicknesses of the bottom surface and the side walls on two sides of the intercepting trench are respectively and independently 15-20 cm, the clear height of the intercepting trench is 30-40 cm, and the clear width of the intercepting trench is 30-40 cm.
7. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 6, wherein a second sand cushion layer is arranged below the intercepting ditch, the thickness of the second sand cushion layer is 10-15 cm, and the width of the second sand cushion layer is 80-100 cm.
8. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 1 or 7, wherein the section of the flood interception ditch is trapezoidal, the thicknesses of the bottom surface and the side walls on two sides of the flood interception ditch are respectively and independently 20-25 cm, the clear height of the flood interception ditch is 60-100 cm, the clear width of the top surface of the flood interception ditch is 90-120 cm, the clear width of the bottom surface is 50-70 cm, and the gradient of the side wall on the inner side of the flood interception ditch is not lower than 1: 0.25.
9. the ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 8, wherein a third sand cushion layer is arranged below the flood interception ditch, and the third sand cushion layer has a thickness of 10-15 cm and a width of 110-140 cm.
10. The ecological remediation type rare earth tailings of claim 9, wherein the flood interception ditch is internally provided with rough strips.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112474790A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-12 | 江西农业大学 | Water and soil conservation ecological restoration method for rare earth tailings |
| CN113513008A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-19 | 韩建均 | Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil and mine slope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112474790A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-12 | 江西农业大学 | Water and soil conservation ecological restoration method for rare earth tailings |
| CN113513008A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-19 | 韩建均 | Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil and mine slope |
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