CN211909663U - Integrated system for orchard rainwater collection, irrigation and fertilization - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization in orchards, comprising a water storage tank, a water lifting component, a buffer tank, a fertilizer tank and several drip irrigation components. , the water storage tank and the fertilizer tank are communicated through a water lifting component, the buffer tank is communicated with a plurality of the drip irrigation components through a water delivery pipeline, and a number of the drip irrigation components are evenly distributed in the cultivating layers of a plurality of fruit trees; The water storage tank and the buffer tank are provided with inlets, and the fertilizer tank is provided with a feeding port. The system integrates multiple functions such as rain collection, irrigation and fertilization, and realizes active drought resistance, especially suitable for the irrigation of fruit trees and other plants in arid and semi-arid areas.

Description

An integrated system for irrigation and fertilization in orchards

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to an integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization in orchards.

Background technique

Dryland agriculture is an important type of agricultural production in my country, and the Loess Plateau is the center of my country's dryland agriculture. Drought and water shortage and soil erosion are the two bottlenecks restricting the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau, and they are also the fundamental reasons for the ecological fragility of the region. Regulating rainfall and runoff and developing water-saving irrigation are the main means to simultaneously solve the above two problems. The current underground irrigation, such as drip irrigation, pressureless irrigation, spring root irrigation, vertical line source irrigation, micro-moisturizing irrigation, etc., all directly transport water to the root zone of plants. Although underground drip irrigation is an efficient water-saving irrigation technology, the system is prone to clogging, which can affect the quality of the system's irrigation. In order to reduce the risk of clogging of underground irrigators, domestic scholars have designed a standpipe underground irrigation system, and experimentally studied the infiltration characteristics of standpipe underground irrigation under the influence of multiple factors. Below the capillary, it is not conducive to rainwater collection. At the same time, the current underground drip irrigation system does not have the function of collecting rainwater, supplementing irrigation and fertilizing, and the recycling and utilization effect of water resources is not high; The present invention proposes an integrated system of rainwater collection, irrigation and fertilization for orchards with simple structure and convenient operation. The system has multiple functions such as rainwater collection, irrigation and fertilization. Irrigation-saving development concept.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an integrated system for rain collection, irrigation and fertilization in orchards, which integrates multiple functions such as rain collection, irrigation and fertilization, and realizes active drought resistance. irrigation, to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

The purpose of this utility model is to achieve through the following technical solutions:

An integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation and fertilization in orchards, comprising a water storage tank, a water lifting component, a buffer tank, a fertilizer tank and several drip irrigation components, the water storage tank, the buffer tank, and the fertilizer tank are connected in sequence, and the water storage tank The pool and the fertilizer tank are communicated through a water lifting component, the buffer tank is communicated with a plurality of the drip irrigation components through a water delivery pipeline, and a number of the drip irrigation components are evenly distributed in the cultivating layers of the multiple fruit trees;

The water storage tank and the buffer tank are provided with inlets, and the fertilizer tank is provided with a feeding port.

Further, the water lifting assembly includes a water pump and a transfer pipe, the water pump is installed on the transfer pipe, the water inlet end of the transfer pipe is set at the bottom of the reservoir, and the water outlet of the transfer pipe is arranged at the bottom of the reservoir. The end via buffer tank is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer tank.

Further, the tops of the storage tank and the buffer tank are provided with ventilation holes.

Further, the side wall of the buffer tank is provided with a first valve that communicates with the reservoir, and the side wall of the fertilizer tank is provided with a second valve that communicates with the buffer tank.

Further, a cover plate is installed on both the inlet and the feeding port.

Further, the drip irrigation assembly includes a standpipe and a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the standpipe, the standpipe is communicated with the water pipeline, and a plurality of drip irrigation pipes are evenly opened on the sleeve. hole.

Further, the top end of the sleeve is protruding from the ground of the woodland, and a filter is installed on the top of the sleeve.

Further, the flow rate Q of the water pump is less than or equal to the total permeability F of the woodland;

The F=Ni=N*10.7K _s ·D·B ^0.8 ;

Wherein, N is the number of the casing, K _s is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the forest soil, D is the diameter of the casing, B is the depth of the casing buried in the ground, and i is the infiltration rate of the seepage surface controlled by the casing .

Further, stairs are installed in the reservoir.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

1) The integrated system of rain-collecting, irrigating, fertilizing and fertilizing in orchards of the present utility model integrates multiple functions such as rain-collecting, irrigation and fertilization, and realizes active drought resistance. It is transported to the fertilizer tank, the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is dissolved to obtain fertilizer water, and the fertilizer water flows into the buffer tank. Wait for the plants to fertilize; if you need to irrigate fruit trees and other plants, you can put no fertilizer in the fertilizer tank, or the reservoir can directly deliver water to the buffer tank to meet the irrigation needs; when it is in a dry period, rainwater flows through the ground and flows into the tank. The drip irrigation component is then introduced into the water delivery pipeline by the drip irrigation component, and then discharged into the buffer tank through the water delivery pipeline. After collection and sedimentation in the buffer tank, it flows into the reservoir to complete the rainwater collection function, realizing the recycling and utilization of rainwater resources and solving the problem of drought problem.

2) The integrated system of the orchard of the present invention for collecting rainwater, irrigating and fertilizing, the part of the drip irrigation component with the drip irrigation function is buried below the tillage layer, and a plurality of drip irrigation holes evenly opened on the casing can irrigate the fruit trees in the tillage layer. Carry out uniform drip irrigation, and set filters and protective covers on the upper part of the casing in contact with the ground, which can prevent particulate impurities from entering the casing and prevent the drip irrigation components from being blocked; the drip irrigation components are not all buried underground, and a sleeve is set on the outside of the standpipe. It is convenient for the repair and maintenance of the drip irrigation components, and the setting of the first valve and the second valve can prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon that the drip irrigation components are blocked due to impurities caused by different water mixing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the integrated system of rain-collecting irrigation and fertilization in orchard of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the influence relation diagram of the casing diameter D in the different soil textures of the utility model to the infiltration rate i of the seepage surface of the casing;

Fig. 3 is the influence relation diagram of the casing diameter D in the different soil textures of the utility model on the infiltration rate i of the seepage surface of the casing;

Fig. 4 is the comparison relation diagram of the calculated value and the real value of the infiltration rate i of the casing permeation surface of the utility model;

In the figure, 1-reservoir, 2-water lift assembly, 201-water pump, 202-transfer pipe, 3-buffer tank, 301-first valve, 4-fertilizer tank, 401-second valve, 5-drip irrigation assembly , 501-standpipe, 502-casing, 6-water pipeline, 7-fruit tree, 8-inlet, 9-feeding port, 10-vent, 11-cover, 12-filter, 13-stair.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

1-4, the utility model provides a technical solution:

Please refer to FIG. 1 , an integrated system for orchard rainwater collection, irrigation and fertilization, including a reservoir 1, a water lifting component 2, a buffer tank 3, a fertilizer tank 4 and several drip irrigation components 5. The reservoir 1, the buffer The tank 3 and the fertilizer tank 4 are connected in sequence, the water storage tank 1 and the fertilizer tank 4 are connected through the water lifting component 2, the buffer tank 3 is connected with several drip irrigation components 5 through the water delivery pipeline 6, and some of the The drip irrigation components 5 are evenly distributed in the cultivation layer of the plurality of fruit trees 7;

Referring to FIG. 1 , the water storage tank 1 and the buffer tank 3 are provided with an inlet 8 , and the fertilizer tank 4 is provided with a feeding port 9 .

The water-lifting assembly 2 of the present invention can transport the water source of the reservoir 1 to the fertilizer tank 4 , the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 4 is dissolved to obtain fertilizer water, and the fertilizer water flows into the buffer tank 3 , and the water supply communicates with the buffer tank 3 through the water supply. Pipeline 6 transports fertilizer water to several drip irrigation assemblies 5 to carry out drip irrigation to fruit trees 7, that is, fertilization of plants such as fruit trees 7 is realized; The water source can be directly transported from the reservoir 1 to the buffer tank 3 to meet the irrigation needs; when in a dry period, the rainwater flows into the drip irrigation component 5 through the ground, and then the drip irrigation component 5 is introduced to the water delivery pipeline 6, and then the water delivery pipeline 6 It is discharged into the buffer tank 3, collected and precipitated in the buffer tank 3 and then flows into the water storage tank 1 to complete the rainwater collection function, realizes the recycling and utilization of rainwater resources, and also solves the problem of drought.

The storage tank 1 is used to store water sources to play a role in saving, which can maintain the inflow and outflow of normal water resources, and avoid drying up under unconventional conditions, so that the integrated system can be widely used. Provide a prerequisite.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the water-lifting assembly 2 includes a water pump 201 and a transfer pipe 202 , the water pump 201 is installed on the transfer pipe 202 , and the water inlet end of the transfer pipe 202 is set at the end of the reservoir 1 . At the bottom, the water outlet end of the transfer pipe 202 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer tank 4 through the buffer tank 3 .

The water-lifting equipment of the present invention can also include a well-killing or electric water pump 201, and the water pump 201 is used to pump water from the reservoir 1, and the water source is pumped to the fertilizer tank 4 through the buffer tank 3. The water pump 201 can save manpower and material resources, improve the irrigation efficiency.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the tops of the storage tank 1 and the buffer tank 3 are provided with ventilation holes 10 .

The ventilation hole 10 of the present invention is used for communicating with the outside air, and can ensure the air pressure balance in the reservoir 1 and the buffer tank 3 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the side wall of the buffer tank 3 is provided with a first valve 301 that communicates with the reservoir 1 , and the side wall of the fertilizer tank 4 is provided with a second valve that communicates with the buffer tank 3 . 401.

The function of the first valve 301 of the present invention is to connect the reservoir 1 and the buffer tank 3. When the water level in the reservoir 1 reaches above the first valve 301, the first valve 301 is opened, and the water source of the reservoir 1 is sufficient. It flows into the buffer tank 3 and then flows to the drip irrigation assembly 5 through the water pipeline 6. When it is in the rain collection, the function of the first valve 301 is to flow the rainwater accumulated in the buffer tank 3 into the reservoir 1 for storage; the function of the second valve 401 is to The fertilizer water in the fertilizer tank 4 is transported to the buffer tank 3 and flows to the drip irrigation assembly 5 through the water delivery pipeline 6 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 , a cover plate 11 is installed on the inlet 8 and the feeding port 9 .

The cover plate 11 can prevent the accumulation of soil in the water storage tank 1 , the buffer tank 3 and the fertilizer tank 4 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , a staircase 13 is installed in the reservoir 1 .

The staircase 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the reservoir 1 , and the staircase 13 is installed along the inner wall along the opening direction of the entrance 8 . When silt and other garbage are accumulated, workers are allowed to enter the reservoir 1 for cleaning.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the drip irrigation assembly 5 includes a standpipe 501 and a sleeve 502 , the sleeve 502 is sleeved on the standpipe 501 , and the standpipe 501 communicates with the water delivery pipe 6 . A plurality of drip irrigation holes are evenly opened on the casing 502 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , the top end of the sleeve 502 is protruded from the ground of the woodland, and the filter 12 is installed on the top of the sleeve 502 .

The parts of the drip irrigation assembly 5 of the present invention with the drip irrigation function are buried below the ploughing layer, and the plurality of drip irrigation holes evenly opened on the casing 502 can evenly drip irrigation to the fruit trees 7 in the ploughing layer, and the casing 502 is in contact with the ground. A filter 12 and a protective cover are set on the upper part of the casing to prevent particulate impurities from entering the casing 502 and prevent the drip irrigation assembly 5 from being blocked; the drip irrigation assembly 5 is not all buried in the ground, and a casing 502 is set outside the standpipe 501 to facilitate the drip irrigation assembly. 5. Overhaul and maintenance. In addition, the arrangement of the first valve 301 and the second valve 401 can prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon that the drip irrigation assembly 5 is blocked due to impurities caused by the mixing of different waters.

The casing 502 can be made of steel pipes, polyethylene pipes or PVC plastic pipes. Antifreeze or anti-seepage materials can be arranged on the periphery of the casing 502. The casing 502 is used to protect the standpipe 501 irrigator and make the standpipe 501 irrigated with water. The device is easy to maintain and protect. The filter 12 can use a filter screen to play the role of filtering. The filter screen has a simple manufacturing process, good air permeability, uniform and stable precision, no leakage, convenient installation, high efficiency and long service life, so that the entire irrigation system can be operated. Simple and easy to make.

2-4, the flow rate Q of the water pump 201 should be less than or equal to the total permeability F of the woodland;

The F=Ni=N*10.7K _s ·D·B ^0.8 ;

Wherein, N is the number of the casings 502, _Ks is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the forest soil, D is the diameter of the casings 502, B is the depth at which the casings 502 are buried in the ground, and i is the infiltration controlled by the casings 502 Surface infiltration rate i.

In order to prevent the water level of the fertilizer tank 4 and the buffer tank 3 from being higher than the ground, the matching problem between the flow rate Q of the electric water pump 201 and the total permeability F of the forest land should be considered, and it should be ensured that Q≤F; because when Q is greater than F, the water volume of the buffer tank 3 It cannot be completely digested by the woodland. According to the principle of water balance, the buffer tank 3 will store water, and the water level will gradually increase, which will lead to the phenomenon of flooding.

The total forest penetration rate F is related to the number N of terminal casings 502 of the irrigation assembly controlled by the system and the infiltration rate i of the permeable surface controlled by each casing 502 .

After a large number of field experiments, the relationship between the total permeability F of the forest land and the number N of casings 502 is obtained, and the specific expression is: F=Ni.

Please refer to Fig. 2-3, which are the relationship diagrams of the influence of the diameter D of the casing 502 and the buried depth B of the casing 502 on the infiltration rate i of the seepage surface controlled by the casing 502. After collecting and arranging the experimental data, i= 10.7K _s ·D·B ^0.8 , and then the specific expression of the total permeability of forest land is obtained as: F=Ni=N*10.7K _s ·D·B ^0.8 , where Ks is the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity of different forest land, and the said Ks can be calculated by the cylinder infiltrator experiment.

Therefore, through the above expression, the flow rate Q of the water pump 201 can be calculated according to the infiltration rate i of the seepage surface of the casing 502 installed in the field, so that the pump 201 with a suitable flow rate can be matched to prevent flooding.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 4 , by comparing the calculated value of the infiltration rate i of the permeable surface of the casing 502 with the actual value, a comparison curve between the calculated value of the infiltration rate i of the permeable surface of the casing 502 and the actual value is obtained, and the comparison curve shows that the There is no significant difference between the calculated value and the actual value, and the consistency is good, which further proves the correctness of the relationship between the parameters of the casing 502 and the flow rate of the water pump 201 .

The operation method of the integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization in the orchard of the present utility model is as follows:

When fertilizing, the water source is pumped from the reservoir 1 to the fertilizer tank 4 by means of water lifting equipment such as well killing or electric water pump, and the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer tank 4 from the feeding port 9. After the fertilizer is dissolved, the second valve 401 of the fertilizer tank 4 is opened, and the fertilizer liquid flows into the fertilizer tank 4. Buffer tank 3, under the action of hydrostatic pressure, the buffer tank 3 flows into the casing 502 through the water pipeline 6 and the vertical pipe 501, and then penetrates into the active layer of the crop root system through the drip irrigation hole of the casing 502, and finally the water mixed with the fertilizer is evenly distributed. It is transported to the root system of crops, which significantly reduces the ineffective evaporation, achieves the effect of uniform drip irrigation, and improves the efficiency of irrigation.

When irrigating, if the water level of the reservoir 1 is high enough, higher than the first valve 301, just open the first valve 301 to realize irrigation; The fertilizer tank 4, the buffer tank 3 and the water pipeline 6 flow into the drip irrigation assembly 5, thereby realizing irrigation.

When rainwater is collected, the rainwater passes through the ground and is filtered by the filter 12 and then flows into the casing 502, and is introduced into the water pipeline 6 by the vertical pipe 501 in the casing 502, and is discharged into the buffer tank 3 by the water pipeline 6, and then collected through the buffer tank 3. , After precipitation, it flows into the reservoir 1 through the first valve 301 of the buffer tank 3 to achieve the purpose of accumulating water sources.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as an exclusion of other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments. , and can be modified within the scope of the concepts described herein through the above teachings or skill or knowledge in the relevant field. However, modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An integrated system for rain-collecting, supplementary irrigation and fertilization in orchards, characterized in that: comprising a reservoir (1), a water-lifting assembly (2), a buffer tank (3), a fertilizer tank (4) and some drip irrigation assemblies ( 5), the water storage tank (1), the buffer tank (3) and the fertilizer tank (4) are connected in sequence, and the water storage tank (1) and the fertilizer tank (4) are communicated through the water lifting assembly (2) , the buffer tank (3) is communicated with a plurality of the drip irrigation components (5) through a water delivery pipeline (6), and a plurality of the drip irrigation components (5) are evenly distributed in the ploughing layer of the multiple fruit trees (7); The water storage tank (1) and the buffer tank (3) are provided with an inlet (8), and the fertilizer tank (4) is provided with a feeding port (9). 2. The integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization in orchards according to claim 1, wherein the water lifting component (2) comprises a water pump (201) and a transfer pipe (202), and the water pump (201) Installed on the transfer pipe (202), the water inlet end of the transfer pipe (202) is arranged at the bottom of the reservoir (1), and the water outlet end of the transfer pipe (202) passes through a buffer tank ( 3) Set at the bottom of the fertilizer tank (4). 3. The integrated system for rainwater harvesting, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization in orchards according to claim 1, characterized in that: ventilation holes (10) are provided on the tops of the reservoir (1) and the buffer tank (3). 4. The integrated system for orchard rain collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the buffer tank (3) is provided with a first valve that communicates with the reservoir (1). (301), the side wall of the fertilizer tank (4) is provided with a second valve (401) that communicates with the buffer tank (3). 5. The integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation and fertilization in orchards according to claim 1, wherein a cover plate (11) is installed on both the inlet (8) and the feeding port (9). 6. The integrated system for orchard rain collection, supplementary irrigation and fertilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drip irrigation assembly (5) comprises a vertical pipe (501) and a casing (502), and the casing (502) ) is sleeved on the vertical pipe (501), the vertical pipe (501) is communicated with the water delivery pipe (6), and a plurality of drip irrigation holes are evenly opened on the casing (502). 7. The integrated system for rainwater collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization in orchards according to claim 6, characterized in that: the top of the sleeve (502) is protruded from the ground of the forest land, and the top of the sleeve (502) is installed There are filters (12). 8. The integrated system for orchard rainwater collection, irrigation, fertilization and fertilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: the flow rate Q of the water pump (201) is less than or equal to the total forest permeability F; The F=Ni=N*10.7K _S ·D·B ^0.8 ; Wherein, N is the number of the casings (502), _Ks is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the woodland soil, D is the diameter of the casings (502), B is the depth of the casings (502) buried in the ground, and i is the Casing-controlled permeation surface infiltration rate. 9. The integrated system for orchard rain collection, irrigation and fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that a staircase (13) is installed in the reservoir (1).

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