CN211905685U - Multi-beam sonar system for fishing with double-transducer array combined for receiving and transmitting - Google Patents
Multi-beam sonar system for fishing with double-transducer array combined for receiving and transmitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN211905685U CN211905685U CN202020088603.2U CN202020088603U CN211905685U CN 211905685 U CN211905685 U CN 211905685U CN 202020088603 U CN202020088603 U CN 202020088603U CN 211905685 U CN211905685 U CN 211905685U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a multibeam sonar system for fishing with double transducer arrays merged for receiving and transmitting, which comprises a signal processing unit, a receiving and transmitting unit and a transducer array; the transducer array comprises M rows and N arrays of arrays, wherein M and N are natural numbers, and M is an even number; the receiving transmitter unit comprises M/2 rows and N columns of receiving and transmitting channels; every two adjacent arrays in each row are connected with one receiving and transmitting channel; the receiving and transmitting channel is connected with the signal processing unit. The utility model discloses a multibeam sonar system for fishing of double transducer array merging receiving and dispatching, reducible half underwater acoustic emission and receiving channel quantity also reduce half signal processing calculated amount, reduce substantially the complexity of system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a multi-beam sonar system for fishing of ocean fishery field especially relates to a multi-beam sonar system for fishing of two transducer arrays merge receiving and dispatching.
Background
A sonar (fish finder) for fishing is one of the most widely and typically used fishing aids in marine fishery, and is a main tool for detecting the position, size and movement of a marine fish school by using a water acoustic method. The fish detector can be divided into a vertical single-beam fish detector, a horizontal fish detector, a vertical double-frequency fish detector, a split-beam fish detector, a multi-beam sonar for fishing and the like, wherein the multi-beam sonar for fishing can obtain a farther space detection distance and higher angular resolution capability, and the fishing efficiency is greatly improved for the trawling and purse seine fishing of the ocean fishery.
Traditional multi-beam sonar for fishing adopts many arrays plane array, and array vertical direction and horizontal direction distribute certain quantity's array respectively, typically like 8 x 8 arrays, also be exactly 8 arrays of array of vertical direction, 8 rows of arrays of horizontal direction, a passageway receiver/transmitter is connected alone to every array, even access signal processor, produce the transmission or the receipt wave beam of different directive properties through signal processing, thereby realize the not equidirectional detection in place waters. The number of receiving/transmitting channels of the system is equal to the number of the arrays, the signal processing needs to have the operation processing capacity corresponding to the number of the arrays, the system complexity is high, the hardware cost is high, and the requirement on a signal processor is also high.
Referring to fig. 1, a conventional omnidirectional digital multi-beam fish school detection system is composed of a transducer array, a receiver, a transmitter, a transceiver, a signal processing host, a display, a keyboard, and the like, wherein the display, the keyboard (including a mouse) and the signal processing host are used in a matching manner to complete the display of sonar detection images and the input and control of setting parameters. The fishing sonar transducer array is composed of vertical N columns and horizontal M rows, and N multiplied by M arrays correspond to N multiplied by M receiving channels and transmitting channels. The multi-beam sonar for fishing is used for realizing the detection of fish schools in different directions by firstly transmitting a plurality of beam acoustic signals and then receiving a plurality of underwater acoustic echo signals in different directions through beam forming. The conversion of the transmitting and receiving processes is controlled by a signal processing master controller. In the transmitting process, the signal processing host generates driving signals of the corresponding wave beams of the channels according to set parameters, the driving signals of the channels have certain phase difference to realize the wave beam pointing of sound waves in different directions in water, the electric signals are sent to the corresponding transducer array through the transmitter, and the electric signals are independently converted into underwater sound signals by the transducer array. In the receiving process, each array in the transducer array independently converts the underwater acoustic signals into electric signals, analog signal processing including filtering, amplification, down-conversion, analog-to-digital conversion and the like is carried out through a receiver corresponding to each transducer, the electric signals are sent to a signal processing host, and the signal processing host shifts the phase of each channel signal according to parameter setting to obtain wave beams in different directions.
Disclosure of Invention
Not enough to above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a multibeam sonar system for fishing of two transducer array mergers receiving and dispatching, reducible half underwater acoustic emission and receiving channel quantity also reduce half signal processing calculated amount, reduce substantially the complexity of system.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a multibeam sonar system for fishing of dual transducer array merging receiving and dispatching, which comprises a signal processing unit, a receiving and transmitting unit and a transducer array; the transducer array comprises M rows and N arrays of arrays, wherein M and N are natural numbers, and M is an even number; the receiving transmitter unit comprises M/2 rows and N columns of receiving and transmitting channels; every two adjacent arrays in each row are connected with one receiving and transmitting channel; the receiving and transmitting channel is connected with the signal processing unit.
Preferably, each of the receiving and transmitting channels includes a receiver, a transmitter, a transceiving converter, a combiner and a phase shifter; the receiver and the transmitter are respectively in communication connection with a signal processing unit; the transceiver converter is in communication connection with the receiver, the transmitter and the signal processing unit; the combiner is connected with the transceiving converter and the array corresponding to the current receiving and transmitting channel; and the phase shifter is connected with the combiner and the other array corresponding to the current receiving and transmitting channel.
Preferably, the phase shifter comprises an LC delay circuit.
Preferably, the LC delay circuit includes:
a first resistor;
the first end of the capacitor is connected with the first resistor;
the first end of the second resistor is connected with the second end of the capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded;
the first end of the inductor is connected with the first end of the second resistor; and
and the first end of the third resistor is connected with the second end of the inductor.
Preferably, the signal processing unit comprises a signal processing host, a display and an input device; the display and the input equipment are connected with the signal processing host; the receiving and transmitting channel is connected with the signal processing host.
The utility model discloses owing to adopted above technical scheme, make it have following beneficial effect:
through the matching of the phase shifter and the combiner, after the two transducer array elements are subjected to fixed phase shifting according to a preset inclination angle, the two transducer array elements are combined and subjected to signal transmission and signal reception; half of the number of underwater sound transmitting and receiving channels can be reduced, half of the signal processing calculation amount can be reduced, and the complexity of the system is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional omnidirectional digital multi-beam shoal detection system;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a multi-beam sonar system for fishing with a dual-transducer array combined for transceiving according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an LC delay circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an equivalent diagram of odd-numbered lines of the multi-beam sonar system for fishing with the dual-transducer array combined for transceiving according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an equivalent diagram of even-numbered lines of the multi-beam sonar system for fishing of the embodiment of the present invention, which is a combined transceiving of the dual transducer array.
Fig. 6 is an equivalent diagram of j column of the multi-beam sonar system for fishing with the dual transducer array combined for transceiving according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of the directional wave form of the wave beam of the present invention and the wave beam of the traditional sonar system for fishing when the total angle of inclination of the wave beam is 0 degree;
FIG. 8 is a comparison graph of the wave beam directivity waveform of the present invention and the conventional sonar system for fishing when the total wave beam inclination angle is-10 degrees;
FIG. 9 is a comparison graph of the wave beam directivity waveform of the present invention and the conventional sonar system for fishing when the total wave beam inclination angle is-30 degrees;
figure 10 is the wave beam directive property wave form contrast diagram of the utility model and traditional fishing sonar system when total wave beam inclination is-45 degrees.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings 2 to 10, and will make the functions and features of the present invention better understood.
Referring to fig. 2, the multi-beam sonar system for fishing of the embodiment of the present invention includes a signal processing unit 1, a transceiver unit 2 and a transducer array 3; the transducer array 3 comprises M rows and N arrays of elements 31, M and N being natural numbers and M being an even number; the receiving transmitter unit 2 includes M/2 rows and N columns of receiving transmission channels 21; each two adjacent arrays 31 in each column are connected with a receiving and transmitting channel 21; the receive-transmit channel 21 is connected to the signal processing unit 1.
Each receiving/transmitting channel 21 includes a receiver 211, a transmitter 212, a transceiver converter 213, a combiner 214 and a phase shifter 215; the receiver 211 and the transmitter 212 are respectively connected with the signal processing unit 1 in a communication way; the transceiver converter 213 is connected to the receiver 211, the transmitter 212 and the signal processing unit 1 in communication; the combiner 214 is connected with the transceiver converter 213 and a matrix 31 corresponding to the current receiving and transmitting channel 21; the phase shifter 215 connects the combiner 214 with another array 31 corresponding to the current receiving and transmitting channel 21.
Wherein, the signal processing unit 1 comprises a signal processing host 11, a display 12 and an input device 13; the display 12 and the input device 13 are connected with the signal processing host 11; the receiving and transmitting channel 21 is connected with the signal processing host 11. The input device 13 may employ a keyboard.
The signal processing host 11, the display 12 and the input device 13 are used in cooperation, and display of sonar detection images and input and control of setting parameters are completed.
In this embodiment, the phase shifter 215 includes an LC delay circuit.
Referring to fig. 3, the LC delay circuit includes: a first resistor R0, a capacitor C, a second resistor RL, an inductor L and a third resistor R1; the first end of the capacitor C is connected with a first resistor R0; the first end of the second resistor RL is connected with the second end of the capacitor C, and the second end of the second resistor RL is grounded; the first end of the inductor L is connected with the first end of the second resistor RL; a first terminal of the third resistor R1 is connected to a second terminal of the inductor L.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the multi-beam sonar system with combined transceiving of the dual-transducer array according to the embodiment of the present invention, the transducer array 3 is composed of horizontal N arrays and M rows (where M is an even number) of arrays 31. Two adjacent arrays 31 on each column correspond to one receiving and transmitting channel 21, so that the nxm arrays 31 use nxm/2 receiving and transmitting channels 21. The multi-beam sonar for fishing is through launching a plurality of wave beam acoustic signals earlier, and the realization of rethread beam forming realizes receiving a plurality of not equidirectional underwater acoustic echo signal and realizes surveying not equidirectional fish shoal. The conversion of the transmitting and receiving processes is controlled by the signal processing master control machine 11.
The utility model provides a multi-beam sonar system for fishing of dual transducer array merging receiving and dispatching, in the transmitting process, produce the drive signal that a plurality of passageways correspond the wave beam by signal processing host computer 11 according to the parameter of setting for, each passageway drive signal has certain phase difference to realize the adjustable directive transmission beam shaping of not equidirectional, send the electric signal to corresponding two arrays 31 through transmitter 212, according to the fishing sonar process of sweeping the sea generally the inclination is generally for-5 to-10 between the condition, one of them 31 passageway has added phase shifter 215 and has shifted the phase, commonly used phase shift circuit such as LC delay circuit, phase shifter 215 here is passive phase shifter, its principle and realization are simpler, but fishing sonar system use process can't change phase shift value, also be this inclination wave beam for the fixed value, equivalent to two arrays 31 have carried out fixed vertical direction transmission beam shaping, finally, each array 31 converts the electrical signal into an underwater acoustic signal. The overall transmit beam directivity is the result of the combined action of the two-stage beamforming process of nxm/2 channel adjustable beamforming and the dual-array 31 fixed beamforming.
During reception, each array 31 in the transducer array 3 independently converts the underwater acoustic signals into electrical signals, which are used to generate a fixed-angle receive beam by the phase shifter 215 before being combined into a dual channel signal. After analog signal processing including filtering, amplification, down-conversion, analog-to-digital conversion and the like is performed by the receiver 211 corresponding to each array 31, the analog signal is sent to the signal processing host 11, and the phase of each channel signal is shifted by the signal processing host 11 according to parameter setting to obtain adjustable beams in different directions. The overall receive beam directivity is the result of the combined action of the two-stage beamforming process of nxm/2 channel adjustable beamforming and dual-array 31 fixed beamforming.
The total transmitting or receiving beam directivity is the result of the combined action of two-stage beam forming processes, wherein one stage is an adjustable beam, so that the total transmitting or receiving beam horizontal directivity and the total receiving beam vertical directivity are adjustable. According to the plane array beam forming principle, the horizontal directivity of the total transmitting or receiving beam is equivalent to that the horizontal directivity and the vertical directivity are independently obtained and multiplied, namely, the total directivity is as follows:
wherein, θ and
respectively, the equivalent included angle of the vertical plane and the equivalent included angle of the horizontal plane of the underwater acoustic signal DVDirectivity of an array transducer array, DHIs the directivity of a row of transducer elements.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, when viewed from the horizontal direction, like the ith row, and when the ith row is odd, the equivalent transceiving system is as shown in fig. 4, which is consistent with the situation of the single-channel sonar system corresponding to the traditional single-array. When the ith row is even, the equivalent transmitting-receiving system has the same phase shifter 215 for each channel as shown in fig. 5, compared with the conventional fishing sonar system, and it can be known from the beam forming principle that the same phase shift is performed for each channel at the same time without affecting the beam forming directivity of the device. In summary, the horizontal beam directivity is unchanged in both the odd-numbered lines and the even-numbered lines as viewed in the horizontal direction.
Seen from the vertical direction, like jth row of equivalent receiving and dispatching system, please see fig. 6, it can be seen that there is a great difference with the single-channel sonar system for fishing corresponding to the traditional single-array, which reduces the number of channels. The vertical beamforming is equivalent to performing beamforming twice, that is:
DV(θ)＝DV1(θ0)DV2(θ)
wherein D isV1Forming a fixed beam for two-channel dual-array; theta0At a fixed angle, typically-5 ° to-10 °; dV2Adjustable beamforming for M/2 channels.
The utility model discloses a multi-beam sonar system for fishing of dual transducer array merging receiving and dispatching, entire system detection performance depend on twice beam forming process of vertical direction. Compared with the traditional fishing sonar, the utility model has the advantages that the wave beam directivity difference between the fishing sonar and the traditional fishing sonar is set to be-10 degrees, the number of vertical arrays is 8, the array interval is 0.5 wave length, as shown in figure 7, and the difference between the vertical wave beam directivity of the fishing sonar and the traditional fishing sonar is not large when the total wave beam inclination angle is 0 degree (namely horizontal direction); referring to fig. 8, when the total beam inclination is-10 degrees, the vertical beam directivity pattern of the fishing sonar of the present invention is completely overlapped with the conventional fishing sonar without performance loss; referring to fig. 9, when the total beam inclination is-30 degrees, the vertical beam directivity of the fishing sonar of the present invention and the conventional fishing sonar are reduced by about 10%, and the performance is reduced within the acceptable range; referring to fig. 10, when the total beam inclination is-45 degrees, the vertical beam directivity of the fishing sonar of the present invention is reduced by about 30% compared with the conventional fishing sonar, and a large side lobe appears, and at this time, the performance is seriously degraded. In summary, total vertical directivity is equivalent to traditional sonar for fishing when on fixed inclination, and along with total inclination and the drawing of fixed inclination, the performance reduces gradually, and the angular difference is in 20, and the performance reduces unobviously.
Generally, a multi-beam sonar for fishing is used for a trawl and a purse seiner, is used for fish school detection in a fishing process, is used for sweeping the sea in a navigation process of the fishing boat, generally works at a fixed inclination angle or near the fixed inclination angle in a use scene, and has few scenes of working at a large inclination angle. Therefore, the utility model discloses the benefit that brings system complexity and cost reduction is far more than the disadvantage of performance loss in its less common scene.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present invention based on the above description. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments should not be construed as limitations of the invention, which are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A double transducer array merged multi-beam sonar system for fishing is characterized by comprising a signal processing unit, a receiving and transmitting unit and a transducer array; the transducer array comprises M rows and N arrays of arrays, wherein M and N are natural numbers, and M is an even number; the receiving transmitter unit comprises M/2 rows and N columns of receiving and transmitting channels; every two adjacent arrays in each row are connected with one receiving and transmitting channel; the receiving and transmitting channel is connected with the signal processing unit.
2. The dual-transducer array combined transceiving multi-beam sonar system according to claim 1, wherein each of the receiving and transmitting channels comprises a receiver, a transmitter, a transceiving converter, a combiner and a phase shifter; the receiver and the transmitter are respectively in communication connection with a signal processing unit; the transceiver converter is in communication connection with the receiver, the transmitter and the signal processing unit; the combiner is connected with the transceiving converter and the array corresponding to the current receiving and transmitting channel; and the phase shifter is connected with the combiner and the other array corresponding to the current receiving and transmitting channel.
3. The dual-transducer array combined transmit-receive multi-beam sonar system according to claim 2, wherein the phase shifter includes an LC delay circuit.
4. The dual-transducer array combined transmit-receive multibeam sonar system according to claim 3, wherein the LC delay circuit comprises:
a first resistor;
the first end of the capacitor is connected with the first resistor;
the first end of the second resistor is connected with the second end of the capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded;
the first end of the inductor is connected with the first end of the second resistor; and
and the first end of the third resistor is connected with the second end of the inductor.
5. The dual-transducer array combined transceiving multi-beam sonar system according to claim 4, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a signal processing host, a display and an input device; the display and the input equipment are connected with the signal processing host; the receiving and transmitting channel is connected with the signal processing host.
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| CN111060915A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-04-24 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Multi-beam sonar system for fishing with double-transducer array combined for receiving and transmitting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111060915A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-04-24 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Multi-beam sonar system for fishing with double-transducer array combined for receiving and transmitting |
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