CN211777170U - Pneumatic impact spiral drill bit - Google Patents
Pneumatic impact spiral drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN211777170U CN211777170U CN202020250092.XU CN202020250092U CN211777170U CN 211777170 U CN211777170 U CN 211777170U CN 202020250092 U CN202020250092 U CN 202020250092U CN 211777170 U CN211777170 U CN 211777170U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a pneumatic percussion auger bit. A sliding sleeve and a pneumatic impact device are arranged; the pneumatic impact device is arranged in an inner cavity of the outer pipe I and comprises an upper cover, a piston, a cylinder body and a punching hammer, the cylinder body and the outer pipe I are axially positioned and fixed through a fixing bolt, the upper end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the upper cover in a sealing mode, the lower end of the cylinder body is connected with the punching hammer in a relatively axial sliding mode, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and the piston strikes the punching hammer and axially slides downwards along the inner wall of the cylinder body; the sliding sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the outer pipe I, the sliding sleeve is in sliding connection with the outer pipe I through a spline pair and a limiting pin key or a bolt, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the impact hammer, and the lower end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer pipe II in a concentric manner; the upper end of the core pipe is fixed on the joint or the flange, and the lower end of the core pipe penetrates through the pneumatic impact device and the sliding sleeve. Adopt the utility model discloses, pneumatic percussion device's percussion power is used in rotatory drill bit lower part, has realized the high-efficient breakage of hard rock layer perfectly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a drill bit, specificly relate to a pneumatic percussion auger bit.
Background
In the existing construction pile foundation construction, the spiral drilling pump pressure concrete pouring pile has a large market share, and the spiral drilling pump pressure concrete pouring pile has the advantages of high construction efficiency, no slurry, no vibration, wide application range to geological conditions and the like, and is recognized by vast building development units and construction units. However, due to the influence of the hardness of the geological rock-soil layer, in the pore-forming construction of the medium-weathered hard rock-soil layer, spiral drilling is difficult to complete, and pneumatic down-the-hole auxiliary completion is mostly adopted, so that the construction period is prolonged; and secondly, the construction cost of the pile foundation is increased, particularly in areas with higher underground water level, so that the cast-in-place concrete can adopt a conduit device, water in the pile hole extends to the surface outside the pile hole, and the construction efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
To above-mentioned technical problem, it adds the rotary cutting mode to strike according to the best broken mechanism of hard rock, the utility model provides a pneumatic impact auger bit has enlarged the application of auger drilling pump bored concrete pile in apoplexy hard rock layer, realizes energy-efficient pile foundation construction.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a pneumatic percussion auger bit comprises a joint, an outer pipe I, an outer pipe II, a core pipe and a drill point device, wherein the upper end of the outer pipe I and the joint are concentrically fixed into a whole, then a helical blade I is wound on the outer surface of the outer pipe I, the drill point device is arranged at the lower end of the outer pipe II, on which the helical blade II is wound, on the outer surface of the outer pipe I, and a concrete channel is formed by an inner hole cavity of the joint, an inner cavity of the core; a sliding sleeve and a pneumatic impact device are arranged; the pneumatic impact device is arranged in an inner cavity of the outer pipe I and comprises an upper cover, a piston, a cylinder body and a punch hammer, wherein the outer surface of the cylinder body is contacted with the steps on the inner surface of the outer pipe I through the steps to form axial positioning, the cylinder body and the outer pipe I are fixed through a fixing bolt, the upper end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the upper cover in a sealing mode, the inner wall of the lower end of the cylinder body is matched with the outer wall of the upper end of the punch hammer in a sealing mode and is connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the cylinder body in; the sliding sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the outer tube I, the upper part of the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the lower end part of the outer tube I through a spline pair and a limiting pin key, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the impact hammer, and the lower end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer tube II in a concentric manner; the upper end of the core tube is fixed on the joint, the lower end of the core tube penetrates through the pneumatic impact device and the sliding sleeve, the core tube is in sealing fit with an inner hole of the upper cover, and the outer surface of the lower end of the core tube is in sealing and axially sliding connection with the inner hole of the sliding sleeve.
Furthermore, according to the pneumatic percussion screw drill bit, the lower end face of the upper cover is provided with the piston rear limiting groove, the upper part of the outer surface of the piston is provided with the rear cavity boss, the lower part of the outer surface of the piston is provided with the front cavity boss, the piston front limiting groove is formed between the lower end of the cylinder body, the inner wall of the cylinder body and the upper end face of the impact hammer, and an exhaust annular channel is formed among the inner wall of the piston, the inner wall of the impact hammer and the outer wall of; the upper end of the inner hole of the sliding sleeve is provided with an annular groove, one end of the annular groove is communicated with the exhaust ring channel, and the other end of the annular groove is communicated with a right-angle exhaust hole channel penetrating through the sliding sleeve; an air inlet channel, a rear cavity air inlet channel and a front cavity air inlet channel are arranged in or outside the wall of the upper end part of the cylinder body, the rear cavity air inlet channel and the front cavity air inlet channel are communicated with the air inlet channels, and the rear cavity air inlet channel or the front cavity air inlet channel is opened or closed by the movement of the rear cavity boss and the front cavity boss along the inner wall of the cylinder body; the lower end surface of the boss of the front cavity of the piston, the upper end surface of the impact hammer and the inner cavity of the cylinder body between the two surfaces form a front cavity of the pneumatic impact device; the upper end surface of the boss of the rear cavity of the piston, the lower end surface of the upper cover and the inner cavity of the cylinder body between the two surfaces form a rear cavity of the pneumatic impact device; the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air inlet channel on the pneumatic impact device, one end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with a right-angle exhaust channel on the sliding sleeve, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is provided with a one-way air nozzle.
Furthermore, according to the pneumatic percussion auger bit, the inner wall of the lower end of the outer pipe I is provided with the sealing dustproof piece, and the sealing dustproof piece and the outer surface of the matched sliding sleeve form sealing and slide axially relative to each other; the inner hole wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a sealing dustproof piece which forms sealing with the outer surface of the core pipe matched with the sliding sleeve and slides axially relatively.
Furthermore, the pneumatic percussion auger bit comprises the drill point device which is an integrated rotary-open type drill point device and comprises a drill point plate, a blocking plate, an ear plate and a shaft, wherein the drill point plate and the blocking plate are fixed into an integrated structure; and the drill point plate or the blocking plate is provided with cutting teeth I.
Furthermore, according to the pneumatic percussion auger bit, the drill point device is an integrated telescopic drill point device and comprises a drill point plate, a blocking plate, a guide rod, a hanging beam and a limiting rod; the drilling tip plate and the blocking plate are fixed into an integral structure, the two guide rods are installed on the blocking plate, the hanging beam is installed at the upper ends of the guide rods, a guide plate is arranged between the two guide rods on the blocking plate, the two ends of the limiting rod are fixed with the outer tube II, the guide rods move up and down along a guide groove on the inner wall of the outer tube II to drive the drilling tip plate and the blocking plate to relatively stretch along the axial direction of the outer tube II together, and the outlet of a concrete channel is closed and opened; and the drill point plate or the blocking plate is provided with cutting teeth I.
Furthermore, according to the pneumatic percussion auger bit, the drill point device is a split downward-opening type drill point device and comprises a drill point plate, a blocking plate, a shaft and a baffle plate; the drilling tip plate is fixed with the outer pipe II, a group of baffle plates are respectively arranged on planes on two sides of the drilling tip plate, the upper ends of the baffle plates are fixed with the lower end of the outer pipe II, the lower end opening of the outer pipe II between each group of baffle plates forms a concrete channel outlet, a blocking plate is arranged between each group of baffle plates, the two blocking plates are respectively connected with the outer pipe II and the baffle plates through shafts, the blocking plates rotate around the shafts, the blocking plates rotate inwards to close the concrete channel outlet, and rotate outwards to open the concrete channel outlet; the drill point plate is provided with cutting teeth I.
Furthermore, according to the pneumatic percussion auger bit, the drill point device is a split upward-opening type drill point device and comprises a drill point plate, a blocking plate, a shaft and a baffle plate; the drilling tip plate is fixed with the outer pipe II, shafts are respectively arranged on two side planes of the drilling tip plate, two ends of each shaft are fixedly provided with two baffles to form a group, the baffles are fixed on the two side planes of the drilling tip plate and the lower end of the outer pipe II, the lower end opening of the outer pipe II between each group of baffles forms a concrete channel outlet, a blocking plate is arranged between each group of baffles, the two blocking plates are respectively connected with the baffles through the shafts, the blocking plates rotate around the shafts, the blocking plates rotate upwards to close the concrete channel outlet, and rotate downwards to open the concrete channel outlet; the drill point plate is provided with cutting teeth I.
Furthermore, foretell pneumatic percussion auger bit, outer tube I is the cylindricality body, and outer tube II is the cylindricality body or frustum shape body.
Furthermore, the cross sections of the ends of the spiral blade I and the spiral blade II are quadrilateral, and the outer edge of each blade is provided with or not provided with a notch; the outer edge of the helical blade I forms a cylindrical body, and the outer edge of the helical blade II forms a cylindrical body or a frustum-shaped body.
Furthermore, according to the pneumatic percussion auger bit, the helical blade II is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth II; when the outer edges of the helical blade I and the helical blade II form an equal-diameter cylindrical structure, the cutting teeth II are arranged at the bottom ends of the helical blade II, and the maximum diameter formed by the outer edges of the tooth tips of the cutting teeth II rotating around the center of the drill bit is equal to the diameter of the formed pile hole; when I outer fringe of helical blade is cylindricality body structure, II outer fringes of helical blade are frustum shape body structure, II segmentation settings of cutting teeth are on II outer fringes of helical blade, and the arrangement is: and starting from the bottom end of the spiral blade II, along with the gradual increase of the radius of the frustum-shaped body structure, the diameter formed by rotating the outer edge of the tooth tip of the cutting tooth II arranged at the outer edge of the frustum-shaped body around the center of the drill bit is gradually increased until the diameter is equal to the diameter of the formed pile hole.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the hard rock stratum pore-forming efficiency is high. The best mechanism of hard rock crushing is the organic combination of vertical impact and circumference rotary-cut, adopts the utility model discloses, pneumatic impact device's percussion power is used in rotatory drill bit lower part, has realized the high-efficient breakage of hard rock layer perfectly.
2. Energy is saved. By adopting the utility model, the soft and hard rock layers are distributed in the depth range of the pile hole, the pneumatic impact device can be selectively used, the soft rock soil layer adopts rotary drilling, and the hard rock soil layer adopts the combination of pneumatic impact and rotary drilling, thereby saving energy and having high efficiency; the residual gas discharged by the pneumatic impact device is fully utilized to cool the drill bit cutting teeth, the service life of the drill bit cutting teeth is prolonged, upward conveying of the rock slag at the bottom of the pile hole is facilitated, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
3. The pile-forming pouring efficiency is high, the pile-forming quality is good, and the environment is protected. Adopt the utility model discloses, the stake hole bores to design mark dark back, carries to bore the in-process and carries out pump pressure simultaneously and irritates concrete, does not receive ground water level's influence, and no mud, groundwater etc. discharge, do not have the stake hole phenomenon of collapsing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the pneumatic percussion screw drill head structure of the present invention (closed state of the integrated unscrewing type drill tip device).
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the pneumatic percussion screw drill head structure of the present invention (an open state of the integral unscrewing type drill tip device).
Figure 3 is the utility model discloses pneumatic percussion auger bit cutting teeth II arranges (integrative unscrewing type drill point device open mode).
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the pneumatic percussion screw drill head structure of the present invention (open state of the integral retractable drill tip device).
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the pneumatic percussion screw drill head structure of the present invention (closed state of the integral retractable drill tip device).
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the pneumatic percussion screw drill head structure of the present invention (open state of split lower-opening drill tip device).
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the pneumatic percussion screw drill head structure of the present invention (open state of split upward-opening drill tip device).
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the pneumatic percussion device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 8.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an unnotched helical blade I.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a notched helical blade I.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an unnotched helical blade II.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a notched helical blade II.
Wherein, 1 is a joint; 2-helical blade I; 3-outer tube I; 4-fixing the bolt;
5-limit pin key; 6-exhaust pipe; 7-one-way air tap; 8-spline pair;
9-sealing dust-proof; 10-outer tube II; 11-helical blade II; 12-slip sleeve;
13-pneumatic percussion device; 14-core tube; 15-inlet pipe; 16-drilling tip plate;
17-blocking plate; 18-ear plate; 19-a shaft; 20-a baffle;
21-guide bar; 22-hanging beam; 23-a limiting rod; 24-baffle.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in figures 1-13, the pneumatic percussion auger bit comprises a joint 1, a helical blade I2, an outer pipe I3, an outer pipe II 10, a helical blade II 11, a sliding sleeve 12, a pneumatic percussion device 13, a core tube 14 and a drill point device.
The pneumatic percussion auger bit is composed of an upper bit portion and a lower bit portion. The upper portion of the drill bit is composed of a connector 1, helical blades I2, an outer pipe I3, a fixing bolt 4, a limiting pin key 5, a pneumatic impact device 13 and an air inlet pipe 15. The sliding sleeve 12, the outer pipe II 10, the spiral blade II 11, the drill point device, the exhaust pipe 6 and the one-way air tap 7 form the lower part of the drill bit. The limiting position of the upper part of the drill bit and the lower part of the drill bit in relative axial movement is realized through the spline pair between the outer pipe I3 and the sliding sleeve 12 and the matching of the limiting groove on the sliding sleeve 12 and the limiting pin key 5.
The upper end of the outer pipe I3 and the joint 1 are concentrically fixed into a whole, and the outer surface of the outer pipe is wound with a helical blade I2. Of course, the joint 1 can also be replaced by a flange. The lower end of the outer pipe I3 is axially and slidably connected with the sliding sleeve 12 through a spline pair 8 and a limiting pin key 5, and the limiting pin key 5 can be replaced by a limiting bolt. And a pneumatic impact device 13 is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer pipe I3. The lower end of the sliding sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer pipe II 10 concentrically, the outer surface of the outer pipe II 10 is wound with a spiral blade II 11, and the lower end of the outer pipe II 10 is provided with a drill point device. The upper end of the core tube 14 is fixed on the joint 1, and the lower end of the core tube penetrates through the pneumatic impact device 13 and the sliding sleeve 12. A concrete channel is formed by the inner hole cavity of the joint 1, the inner cavity of the core pipe 14 and the inner cavity of the outer pipe II 10.
The sliding sleeve 12 and the pneumatic impact device 13 are arranged in the inner cavity of the outer pipe I3.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the pneumatic striking device 13 is composed of an upper cover 13-1, a piston 13-2, a cylinder 13-3, and a hammer 13-4. The outer surface of the cylinder body 13-3 is provided with a step, the inner surface of the outer pipe I3 is provided with a step 3-1, the cylinder body 13-3 is in contact with the step 3-1 on the inner surface of the outer pipe I3 through the step to form axial positioning, and the cylinder body 13-3 and the outer pipe I3 are fixed through a fixing bolt 4. The upper end of the cylinder body 13-3 is fixedly connected with the upper cover 13-1 in a sealing way, and the inner wall of the lower end of the cylinder body 13-3 is matched with the outer wall of the upper end of the impact hammer 13-4 in a sealing way and is connected with the impact hammer in a relatively axial sliding way. The piston 13-2 is arranged in the cylinder body 13-3, and the piston 13-2 strikes the impact hammer 13-4 to axially slide downwards along the inner wall of the cylinder body 13-3.
Further, a piston rear limiting groove 13-2-1 is formed in the lower end face of the upper cover 13-1, a rear cavity boss 13-2-2 is formed in the upper portion of the outer surface of the piston 13-2, a front cavity boss 13-2-3 is formed in the lower portion of the outer surface of the piston 13-2, the lower end of the cylinder body 13-3, and a piston front limiting groove 13-2-4 is formed between the inner wall of the cylinder body 13-3 and the upper end face of the punch 13-4. An exhaust loop 13-5 is formed between the inner wall of the piston 13-2, the inner wall of the impact hammer 13-4 and the outer wall of the core pipe 14. An air inlet duct 13-3-1, a rear cavity air inlet duct 13-3-2 and a front cavity air inlet duct 13-3-3 are arranged in the wall of the upper end part of the cylinder body 13-3, the rear cavity air inlet duct 13-3-2 and the front cavity air inlet duct 13-3-3 are communicated with the air inlet duct 13-3-1, and the rear cavity air inlet duct 13-3-2 or the front cavity air inlet duct 13-3-3 is opened or closed by the movement of the rear cavity boss 13-2-2 and the front cavity boss 13-2-3 along the inner wall of the cylinder body 13-3; the lower end surface of a front cavity boss 13-2-3 of the piston 13-2, the upper end surface of the impact hammer 13-4 and the inner cavity of the cylinder body 13-3 between the two surfaces form a front cavity 13-6 of the pneumatic impact device; the upper end surface of a rear cavity boss 13-2-2 of the piston 13-2, the lower end surface of the upper cover 13-1 and the inner cavity of the cylinder body 13-3 between the two surfaces form a rear cavity 13-7 of the pneumatic impact device. The lower end of the impact hammer 13-4 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the sliding sleeve 12.
The sliding sleeve 12 is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the outer pipe I3, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 12 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the lower end of the outer pipe I3 through a spline pair 8, the lower end of the sliding sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer pipe II 10 in a concentric mode, the upper end of the inner hole of the sliding sleeve 12 is provided with an annular groove 12-1, one end of the annular groove 12-1 is communicated with an exhaust ring channel 13-5, and the other end of the annular groove 12-1 is communicated with a.
The outer surface of the sliding sleeve 12 is provided with one or more axial limiting grooves 12-3 which are in sliding fit with one or more limiting pin keys 5 arranged at corresponding positions of the outer pipe I3.
Preferably, a sealing dustproof piece 9 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the outer pipe I3, and forms sealing with the outer surface of the matched sliding sleeve 12 and slides axially relative to the sliding sleeve; the inner hole wall of the sliding sleeve 12 is provided with a sealing dustproof piece 9 which forms sealing with the outer surface of the core pipe 14 matched with the sliding sleeve and slides axially relatively.
The air inlet pipe 15 can be communicated with an air inlet duct 13-3-1 on the pneumatic impact device 13 through a connector, one end of the air outlet pipe 6 is communicated with a right-angle air outlet duct 12-2 on the sliding sleeve 12 through the connector, and the other end of the air outlet pipe penetrates through the outer pipe I3 and then is provided with a one-way air nozzle 7. The air inlet pipe 15 can be arranged in the outer pipe I3 or outside the outer pipe I3.
The upper end of a core tube 14 is fixed on the joint 1, the lower end of the core tube passes through the pneumatic impact device 13 and the sliding sleeve 12, the core tube 14 is in sealing fit with an inner hole of the upper cover 13-1, and the outer surface of the lower end of the core tube 14 is in sealing and axial sliding connection with the inner hole of the sliding sleeve 12.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the drill point device is an integrated rotary-open type drill point device and comprises a drill point plate 16, a blocking plate 17, an ear plate 18 and a shaft 19, wherein the drill point plate 16 and the blocking plate 17 are fixed into an integrated structure, the blocking plate 17 is connected with the outer pipe II 10 through the shaft 19 and the ear plate 18, and the drill point plate 16 and the blocking plate 17 rotate together around the shaft 19 to realize the closing and opening of the concrete passage outlet; the drill point plate 16 or the blocking plate 17 is provided with cutting teeth I16-1.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5, the drill point device is an integrated telescopic drill point device, and comprises a drill point plate 16, a blocking plate 17, a flow guide plate 20, a guide rod 21, a hanging beam 22 and a limiting rod 23; the drilling tip plate 16 and the blocking plate 17 are fixed into an integral structure, the two guide rods 21 are installed on the blocking plate 17, the hanging beam 22 is installed at the upper ends of the guide rods 21, the guide plate 20 is arranged between the two guide rods 21 on the blocking plate 17, the two ends of the limiting rod 23 are fixed with the outer pipe II 10, the guide rods 21 move up and down along the guide groove 10-1 on the inner wall of the outer pipe II 10 to drive the drilling tip plate 16 and the blocking plate 17 to relatively stretch and retract along the axial direction of the outer pipe II 10 together, and the outlet of a concrete channel is closed and opened; the drill point plate 16 or the blocking plate 17 is provided with cutting teeth I16-1.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the drill point device is a split lower opening drill point device, comprising a drill point plate 16, a blanking plate 17, a shaft 19 and a baffle plate 24; the drill point plate 16 is fixed with the outer pipe II 10, a group of baffle plates 24 are respectively arranged on planes on two sides of the drill point plate 16, the upper ends of the baffle plates 24 are fixed with the lower end of the outer pipe II 10, the lower end opening of the outer pipe II 10 between each group of baffle plates 24 forms a concrete channel outlet, a blocking plate 17 is arranged between each group of baffle plates 24, the two blocking plates 17 are respectively connected with the outer pipe II 10 and the baffle plates 24 through shafts 19, the blocking plates 17 rotate around the shafts 19, the blocking plates 17 rotate inwards to close the concrete channel outlet, and the blocking plates 17 rotate outwards to open the concrete channel outlet; the drill point plate 16 is provided with cutting teeth I16-1.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the drill point device is a split-type upward-opening drill point device, and comprises a drill point plate 16, a blocking plate 17, a shaft 19 and a baffle plate 24; the drilling tip plate 16 is fixed with the outer pipe II 10, shafts 19 are respectively installed on two side planes of the drilling tip plate 16, two baffle plates 24 are fixed at two ends of each shaft 19 to form a group, the baffle plates 24 are fixed on the two side planes of the drilling tip plate 16 and the lower end of the outer pipe II 10, the lower end opening of the outer pipe II 10 between each group of baffle plates 24 forms a concrete channel outlet, a blocking plate 17 is installed between each group of baffle plates 24, the two blocking plates 17 are respectively connected with the baffle plates 24 through the shafts 19, the blocking plate 17 rotates around the shafts 19, the blocking plate 17 rotates upwards to close the concrete channel outlet, and rotates downwards to open the concrete channel outlet; the drill point plate 16 is provided with cutting teeth I16-1.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the outer tube I3 is cylindrical and the outer tube II 10 is cylindrical.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, the outer tube I3 is cylindrical and the outer tube II 10 is frustoconical.
As shown in FIGS. 10-13, the cross sections of the ends of the helical blades I2 and II 11 are quadrilateral, and the outer edges of the blades are provided with or without notches.
In one embodiment, the integral outer edge of the helical blade I2 forms a cylindrical body, and the integral outer edge of the helical blade II 11 forms a cylindrical body.
In one embodiment, the integral outer edge of the helical blade I2 forms a cylindrical body, and the integral outer edge of the helical blade II 11 forms a frustum body.
The helical blade II 11 is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth II 11-1. The cutting teeth II 11-1 are arranged at the bottom end of the spiral blade II 11 or are arranged on the spiral blade II 11 in sections.
As shown in FIG. 3, a cutting tooth II 11-1 is provided at the bottom end of the helical blade II 11. Preferably, when the outer edges of the helical blade I2 and the helical blade II 11 form a constant-diameter cylindrical structure together, the cutting tooth II 11-1 is arranged at the bottom end of the helical blade II 11, and the maximum diameter formed by rotating the outer edge of the tooth tip of the cutting tooth II 11-1 around the center of the drill bit is equal to the diameter of the formed pile hole.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the cutting tooth II 11-1 is provided in a segmented manner on the helical blade II 11. Preferably, when the outer edge of the helical blade I2 is of a cylindrical structure and the outer edge of the helical blade II 11 is of a frustum-shaped structure, the cutting teeth II 11-1 are sectionally arranged on the helical blade II 11 in an arrangement mode that: from the bottom end of the spiral blade II 11, along with the gradual increase of the radius of the frustum-shaped body structure, the diameter formed by the rotation of the outer edge of the tooth tip of the cutting tooth II 11-1 arranged at the outer edge of the frustum-shaped body around the center of the drill bit is gradually increased until the diameter is equal to the diameter of a formed pile hole.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation is:
the drill bit comprises a drill bit upper part and a drill bit lower part, a pneumatic impact device 13 is arranged in an inner cavity of the drill bit upper part, a punching hammer 13-4 in the pneumatic impact device 13 is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve 12, the outer surface of the upper end part of the sliding sleeve 12 and the inner wall of an outer pipe I3 form axial sliding connection through a spline pair, the lower end of the sliding sleeve 12 and an outer pipe II 10 are fixed into a whole, axial movement of the drill bit lower part relative to the drill bit upper part is realized through relative axial movement between the sliding sleeve 12 and the outer pipe I3, and the moving distance is controlled by a limit pin key 5 on the outer surface of the outer pipe I3 along the sliding distance of a limit.
The working principle of the pneumatic impact device is as follows: the process that the piston 13-2 moves from the lower end position to the upper end position of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 13-3 is a return stroke process, the process that the piston 13-2 moves from the upper end position to the lower end position of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 13-3 is a stroke process, and in the whole process, pressure air is used as a power source.
1. And (3) a return process: pressure air enters the front cavity 13-6 through the air inlet duct 13-3-1 and the front cavity air inlet duct 13-3-3 (at the moment, the rear cavity air inlet duct 13-3-2 is closed), the piston 13-2 moves upwards, air in the rear cavity 13-7 is exhausted through the exhaust annular duct 13-5 and is exhausted to the outer bottom end part of the drill bit through the exhaust pipe 6 and the one-way air nozzle 7, the front cavity 13-6 continuously enters the pressure air, the piston 13-2 moves upwards in an accelerated mode, the upper end of the piston 13-2 enters the piston rear limiting groove 13-2-1, the communication between the rear cavity 13-7 and the exhaust channel 13-5 is blocked, the front cavity 13-6 continues to enter air, the air in the rear cavity 13-7 is compressed, the piston 13-2 continues to move upwards in an accelerated mode until the front cavity air inlet duct 13-3-3 is closed, the front cavity 13-6 and the rear cavity 13-7 are both in a closed state, air in the front cavity is expanded, air in the rear cavity is compressed, the pressure in the front cavity is larger than the pressure in the rear cavity, the piston 13-2 continues to move upwards in an accelerating mode, the piston 13-2 moves upwards to the air inlet duct 13-3-2 of the rear cavity and is opened, the pressure air enters the rear cavity, air in the front cavity continues to expand, when the pressure in the rear cavity exceeds the pressure in the front cavity, the piston 13-2 moves upwards from the accelerating mode to the decelerating mode, the air exhaust duct of the piston 13-2 moving upwards to the front cavity is opened, air in the front cavity is exhausted through the air exhaust duct and is exhausted to the end portion of the outer bottom of the drill bit through the air exhaust pipe 6 and the one-.
2. The stroke process is as follows: and contrary to the return process, pressure air continuously enters the rear cavity from the rear cavity air inlet duct 13-3-2, the piston 13-2 starts to move downwards in an accelerated manner, the lower end of the piston enters the front piston limiting groove 13-2-4 to the tail end of the stroke, and under the action of the self weight of the piston 13-2 and the pressure air in the rear cavity, the lower end surface of the piston 13-2 strikes the impact hammer 13-4 to move the impact hammer 13-4 downwards, so that the lower part of the drill bit is driven to move downwards for a certain distance to finish one-time impact.
When a hard rock stratum is drilled, the power head is started to rotate for drilling and is lowered, the bottom of the drill bit is in pressure contact with the rock stratum, the air compressor is started to supply air to the pneumatic impact device 13 in the drill bit, the piston 13-2 in the pneumatic impact device 13 starts to reciprocate up and down, the impact hammer 13-4 is struck once after each stroke is finished, the impact hammer 13-4 transmits impact energy to the rock stratum at the joint through the cutting teeth at the lower part of the drill bit to strike the rock stratum, the rock stratum is broken intensively, the rock stratum is subjected to impact and rotary cutting acting force at the same time, and the optimal hard rock stratum breaking condition is met. Residual gas in the pneumatic impact device 13 is discharged and introduced into the end part of the outer bottom of the drill bit through the exhaust pipe 6, so that cooling of cutting teeth on the drill bit is facilitated, and upward transmission of rock slag which is cut down by pile holes is facilitated.
Claims (10)
1. A pneumatic impact spiral drill bit comprises a connector (1), an outer pipe I (3), an outer pipe II (10), a core pipe (14) and a drill tip device, wherein the upper end of the outer pipe I (3) and the connector (1) are concentrically fixed into a whole, then a spiral blade I (2) is wound on the outer surface of the outer pipe I (3), the drill tip device is arranged at the lower end of the outer pipe II (10) with the spiral blade II (11) wound on the outer surface of the outer pipe I, and a concrete channel is formed by an inner hole cavity of the connector (1), an inner cavity of the core pipe (14) and an inner; it is characterized in that a sliding sleeve (12) and a pneumatic impact device (13) are arranged; the pneumatic impact device (13) is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer pipe I (3) and consists of an upper cover (13-1), a piston (13-2), a cylinder body (13-3) and a punch hammer (13-4), the outer surface of the cylinder body (13-3) is contacted with a step (3-1) on the inner surface of the outer pipe I (3) through the step to form axial positioning, the cylinder body (13-3) and the outer pipe I (3) are fixed through a fixing bolt (4), the upper end of the cylinder body (13-3) is fixedly connected with the upper cover (13-1) in a sealing mode, the inner wall of the lower end of the cylinder body (13-3) is matched with the outer wall of the upper end of the impact hammer (13-4) in a sealing mode and is connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the impact hammer in a sliding mode in the axial direction, the piston (13-2) is installed in the cylinder body (13-3), and the impact hammer (13-4) is struck by the piston (13-2) to slide downwards along the axial direction; the sliding sleeve (12) is installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the outer pipe I (3), the upper part of the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (12) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the lower end part of the outer pipe I (3) through a spline pair (8) and a limiting pin key (5), the upper end of the sliding sleeve (12) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the impact hammer (13-4), and the lower end of the sliding sleeve (12) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer pipe II (10) concentrically; the upper end of the core tube (14) is fixed on the joint (1), the lower end of the core tube penetrates through the pneumatic impact device (13) and the sliding sleeve (12), the core tube (14) is in sealing fit with an inner hole of the upper cover (13-1), and the outer surface of the lower end of the core tube (14) is in sealing and axial sliding connection with the inner hole of the sliding sleeve (12).
2. The pneumatic percussion screw drill bit according to claim 1, wherein a piston rear limiting groove (13-2-1) is formed on the lower end face of the upper cover (13-1), a rear cavity boss (13-2-2) is formed on the upper portion of the outer surface of the piston (13-2), a front cavity boss (13-2-3) is formed on the lower portion, a piston front limiting groove (13-2-4) is formed between the lower end of the cylinder (13-3) and the upper end face of the impact hammer (13-4), and an exhaust annular channel (13-5) is formed between the inner wall of the piston (13-2), the inner wall of the impact hammer (13-4) and the outer wall of the core tube (14); an annular groove (12-1) is formed at the upper end of an inner hole of the sliding sleeve (12), one end of the annular groove (12-1) is communicated with an exhaust ring channel (13-5), and the other end of the annular groove (12-1) is communicated with a right-angle exhaust duct (12-2) penetrating through the sliding sleeve (12); an air inlet channel (13-3-1), a rear cavity air inlet channel (13-3-2) and a front cavity air inlet channel (13-3-3) are arranged in or outside the wall of the upper end part of the cylinder body (13-3), the rear cavity air inlet channel (13-3-2) and the front cavity air inlet channel (13-3-3) are communicated with the air inlet channel (13-3-1), and the rear cavity air inlet channel (13-3-2) or the front cavity air inlet channel (13-3-3) is opened or closed by moving a rear cavity boss (13-2-2) and a front cavity boss (13-2-3) along the inner wall of the cylinder body (13-3); the lower end face of a boss (13-2-3) of a front cavity of the piston (13-2), the upper end face of the impact hammer (13-4) and the inner cavity of the cylinder body (13-3) between the two faces form a front cavity (13-6) of the pneumatic impact device; the upper end surface of a boss (13-2-2) of a rear cavity of the piston (13-2), the lower end surface of the upper cover (13-1) and the inner cavity of the cylinder body (13-3) between the two surfaces form a rear cavity (13-7) of the pneumatic impact device; the air inlet pipe (15) is communicated with an air inlet pore passage (13-3-1) on the pneumatic impact device (13), one end of the exhaust pipe (6) is communicated with a right-angle exhaust pore passage (12-2) on the sliding sleeve (12), and the other end is provided with a one-way air nozzle (7).
3. The pneumatic percussion auger bit according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the lower end of the outer tube i (3) is provided with a sealing dust-proof member (9) which forms a seal with the outer surface of the matching sliding sleeve (12) and slides axially relative thereto; the inner hole wall of the sliding sleeve (12) is provided with a sealing dustproof piece (9) which forms sealing with the outer surface of the core pipe (14) matched with the sealing dustproof piece and slides axially relatively.
4. The pneumatic percussion auger bit according to claim 1, wherein the drill point device is an integrated unscrewing type drill point device, and comprises a drill point plate (16), a blocking plate (17), an ear plate (18) and a shaft (19), the drill point plate (16) and the blocking plate (17) are fixed into an integrated structure, the blocking plate (17) is connected with the outer pipe II (10) through the shaft (19) and the ear plate (18), and the drill point plate (16) and the blocking plate (17) rotate together around the shaft (19) to close and open the outlet of the concrete passage; the drill point plate (16) or the blocking plate (17) is provided with cutting teeth I (16-1).
5. The pneumatic percussion auger bit of claim 1, wherein the drill tip device is an integral telescopic drill tip device comprising a drill tip plate (16), a blanking plate (17), a deflector plate (20), a guide rod (21), a hanging beam (22) and a stop rod (23); the drilling tip plate (16) and the blocking plate (17) are fixed into an integral structure, two guide rods (21) are installed on the blocking plate (17), a hanging beam (22) is installed at the upper end of each guide rod (21), a guide plate (20) is arranged between the two guide rods (21) on the blocking plate (17), two ends of a limiting rod (23) are fixed with the outer pipe II (10), the guide rods (21) move up and down along guide grooves (10-1) on the inner wall of the outer pipe II (10) to drive the drilling tip plate (16) and the blocking plate (17) to relatively stretch out and draw back along the axial direction of the outer pipe II (10) together, and the outlet of a concrete channel is closed and opened; the drill point plate (16) or the blocking plate (17) is provided with cutting teeth I (16-1).
6. A pneumatic percussion auger bit according to claim 1, wherein the drill tip means is a split down-opening drill tip means comprising a tip plate (16), a closure plate (17), a shaft (19) and a stop plate (24); the drilling tip plate (16) is fixed with the outer pipe II (10), a group of baffles (24) are arranged on planes on two sides of the drilling tip plate (16) respectively, the upper ends of the baffles (24) are fixed with the lower end of the outer pipe II (10), the lower end opening of the outer pipe II (10) between each group of baffles (24) forms a concrete channel outlet, a blocking plate (17) is arranged between each group of baffles (24), the two blocking plates (17) are connected with the outer pipe II (10) and the baffles (24) through shafts (19) respectively, the blocking plates (17) rotate around the shafts (19), the blocking plates (17) rotate inwards to close the concrete channel outlet, and rotate outwards to open the concrete channel outlet; the drill point plate (16) is provided with cutting teeth I (16-1).
7. A pneumatic percussion auger bit according to claim 1, wherein the drill tip means is a split-top drill tip means comprising a tip plate (16), a closure plate (17), a shaft (19) and a stop plate (24); the drilling tip plate (16) is fixed with the outer pipe II (10), shafts (19) are respectively installed on two side planes of the drilling tip plate (16), two baffles (24) are fixed to two ends of each shaft (19) to form a group, the baffles (24) are fixed to the two side planes of the drilling tip plate (16) and the lower end of the outer pipe II (10), the lower end opening of the outer pipe II (10) between each group of baffles (24) forms a concrete channel outlet, a blocking plate (17) is installed between each group of baffles (24), the two blocking plates (17) are respectively connected with the baffles (24) through the shafts (19), the blocking plates (17) rotate around the shafts (19), the blocking plates (17) rotate upwards to close the concrete channel outlet, and rotate downwards to open the concrete channel outlet; the drill point plate (16) is provided with cutting teeth I (16-1).
8. A pneumatic percussion auger bit according to claim 1, wherein the outer tube i (3) is cylindrical and the outer tube ii (10) is cylindrical or frustoconical.
9. The pneumatic percussion auger bit of claim 1, wherein the cross-sections of the ends of the auger flight i (2) and auger flight ii (11) are quadrilateral, with or without notches in the outer edges of the flights; the outer edge of the helical blade I (2) forms a cylindrical body, and the outer edge of the helical blade II (11) forms a cylindrical body or a frustum-shaped body.
10. A pneumatic percussion auger bit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auger flight ii (11) is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth ii (11-1); when the outer edges of the helical blade I (2) and the helical blade II (11) form an equal-diameter cylindrical structure, the cutting teeth II (11-1) are arranged at the bottom end of the helical blade II (11), and the maximum diameter formed by the rotation of the outer edge of the tooth tip of the cutting teeth II (11-1) around the center of the drill bit is equal to the diameter of the formed pile hole; when helical blade I (2) outer fringe is the cylindricality body structure, helical blade II (11) outer fringe is frustum shape body structure, cutting teeth II (11-1) segmentation sets up on helical blade II (11) outer fringe, and the arrangement is: from the bottom end of the helical blade II (11), along with the gradual increase of the radius of the frustum-shaped body structure, the diameter formed by rotating the outer edge of the tooth tip of the cutting tooth II (11-1) arranged at the outer edge of the frustum-shaped body around the center of the drill bit is gradually increased until the diameter is equal to the diameter of the formed pile hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020250092.XU CN211777170U (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Pneumatic impact spiral drill bit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020250092.XU CN211777170U (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Pneumatic impact spiral drill bit |
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| CN211777170U true CN211777170U (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113561342A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏大艺科技股份有限公司 | Air pressure self-balancing cylinder structure for electric tool |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113561342A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏大艺科技股份有限公司 | Air pressure self-balancing cylinder structure for electric tool |
| CN113561342B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏大艺科技股份有限公司 | Air pressure self-balancing cylinder structure for electric tool |
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