CN211734353U - Small-scale non-mixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small-scale non-mixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation device. A pair of hinge seats are installed radially symmetrically on the side wall of a sleeve. A hinge handle is coaxially sealed in the hinge seat, and one end of the hinge handle extends into the sleeve , Install the fermented bacteria cake plate at a horizontal interval in the middle of the sleeve. The two sides of the fermentation bacteria cake plate are horizontally hinged with the rotating handle. The rotating handle is coaxially fixed with the rotating handle extending into the sleeve. When the hinged handle is rotated, the rotating handle With the coaxial rotation of the hinged handle, through holes are evenly distributed in the middle of the fermenting bacteria cake plate, methane bacteria powder is placed in the through holes, and the two sides of the fermentation bacteria cake plate are sealed with sealing films, which can be opened in stages to expose the hole. Aiming at the problems of long lag period, acetic acid, and low efficiency in the existing solid fermentation, the present application changes the inoculation method and gradually adds inoculum to make methanogens have an absolute advantage in a specific area and give full play to the role of methanogens , thereby avoiding organic acid accumulation and acid inhibition and improving gas production efficiency.

Description

Small-scale non-mixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of fermentation devices, and mainly relates to a small-scale non-mixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation device.

Background technique

my country is the country with the largest amount of organic waste. The annual discharge of livestock and poultry manure is about 3.8 billion tons, and the output of crop straw reaches 800 million tons. However, the harmless treatment and resource utilization rate are extremely low. About 90.0% of the livestock and poultry manure is directly discharged into the surrounding environment without treatment. 55.0% of the straw is directly incinerated or discarded at will, making "resources" a "pollution source". Anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas is an effective way for the above-mentioned agricultural organic waste treatment and resource utilization.

In terms of fermentation process: in the treatment of solid waste such as crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and organic domestic waste, composting and wet anaerobic fermentation are the most widely used, but the composting cycle is long and covers a large area. Wet anaerobic fermentation has problems such as serious waste of water resources, large amount of biogas slurry, and easy to produce secondary pollution. The solid anaerobic fermentation unit has a small volume, no biogas slurry discharge, and high volumetric gas production rate, which has become a new development trend of anaerobic fermentation.

In terms of fermentation process: the anaerobic fermentation process mainly includes three stages of hydrolysis acid production, acetic acid production and methane production. Among them, the main microorganisms of hydrolysis acid production and acidification (acid production fermentation) and the main microorganisms of methane production are different, and the metabolic reproduction rate is different. The difference is several times, resulting in a large difference in the rate of hydrolysis acid production and methane production. In solid fermentation, due to the high volume organic load, the accumulation of organic acids is more serious, so that the pH is less than 6.0 or even lower, thereby inhibiting the activity of methanogenic microorganisms (the suitable pH is in the range of 6.5-7.5). The method of inoculation can effectively avoid the accumulation of organic acids in the fermentation process, so that the pH is above 7.2, so as to ensure the activity of methanogens and the normal progress of methanogenic fermentation.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a small-scale non-mixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation device with batch feeding and gradual renewal of microorganisms.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:

A fermentation device for avoiding acidification by solid anaerobic fermentation, comprising a base, a sleeve and an upper cover, a sleeve is coaxially fixed on the base, an upper cover is installed with a sealing cover at the upper end of the sleeve, and a sleeve is sealed between the sleeve and the upper cover The upper cover is provided with a gas outlet pipe and a pressure balance port, a valve is installed on the gas outlet pipe, a hollow liquid cavity is formed in the middle of the base, and a drain pipe is formed on the side wall, and the side wall of the sleeve is radially symmetrical Install a pair of hinge bases, the hinged hinges are coaxially sealed in the hinge bases, one end of the hinged handle extends into the sleeve, and the fermentation bacteria cake tray is installed horizontally in the middle of the sleeve, and the two sides of the fermentation bacteria cake tray are hinged horizontally. , the rotating handle is fixed coaxially with the rotating handle extending into the sleeve. When the hinged handle is rotated, the rotating handle rotates coaxially with the hinged handle. Through holes are evenly distributed in the middle of the fermentation bacteria cake plate, and methane is placed in the through holes. For the bacterial powder, the two sides of the fermentation bacteria cake plate are sealed with sealing films, and the corresponding positions on the fermentation bacteria cake plate and the sealing films on both sides are provided with liquid through holes connecting the upper and lower spaces of the fermentation bacteria cake plate.

Moreover, the sealing film is two semicircles arranged at intervals.

In addition, the sealing film can be opened in stages: one end of the pull rope is fixed at a distance from the upper surface of each semi-circular sealing film close to the axis, and the other end of the pull rope is fixed on the turning handle. When the handle is turned, the drawstring is wrapped around the handle, pulling the sealing film apart.

Advantages and positive effects of the present utility model:

1. Aiming at the problems such as long lag period, acetic acidization and low efficiency in existing solid fermentation, the application changes the inoculation method and gradually adds inoculum to make methanogens have an absolute advantage in a specific area and give full play to their advantages. Methanogens act to avoid organic acid accumulation and acid inhibition, thereby improving gas production efficiency.

2. For the first time in this application, the form of fermented cake is used to add methanogens in batches. The method of adding methanogens has become gradually updated, and the status of the dominant strains is always maintained. The addition method is simple, does not affect any fermentation process, does not open the device, and maintains original fermentation environment.

3. The present application adopts the method of non-mixed inoculation to avoid the mixing process of raw materials and inoculants before traditional solid fermentation. In addition, there is no need to use mechanical stirring in the fermentation process, which reduces a lot of energy consumption.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fermented cake.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fermented cake with a coating.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 3 .

Detailed ways

The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, and only illustrate the basic structure of the present utility model in a schematic manner, so only the structures related to the present utility model are shown.

A fermentation device for avoiding acidification by solid anaerobic fermentation, comprising a base 6, a sleeve 4 and an upper cover 2, the sleeve is coaxially fixed on the base, the upper end of the sleeve is sealed with an upper cover, and the upper cover is installed between the sleeve and the upper cover. A sealing ring is installed in the space for further sealing and strengthening. The upper cover is provided with an air outlet pipe 1 and a pressure balance port 3, a valve is installed on the air outlet pipe, a hollow liquid cavity is formed in the middle of the base, and a drain pipe 7 is formed on the side wall.

A pair of hinge seats are installed radially symmetrically on the side wall of the sleeve, and the hinge handle 5 is coaxially sealed in the hinge seat. One end of the hinge handle extends into the sleeve. The rotating handle 10 is horizontally hinged on both sides of the fermentation bacteria cake plate, and the rotating handle is coaxially fixed with the rotating handle extending into the sleeve. The through holes 9 are evenly distributed in the middle of the plate, and the methane bacteria powder is placed in the through holes. The two sides of the fermentation bacteria cake plate are sealed with sealing films 11. The sealing films are two semicircles arranged at intervals. One end of the pull rope 12 is fixed at intervals close to the axis, and the other end of the pull rope is fixed on the handle. When the handle is rotated, the rope is wrapped around the handle, and the sealing film is pulled apart to realize the sealing pull. The bacteria in the through holes of the partially sealed membrane are released into the fermented material to complete the addition of new bacteria species. In order to leak the fermentation liquid from the upper layer to the lower layer, a liquid through hole 13 connecting the upper and lower spaces of the fermentation bacteria cake plate is made in the corresponding position on the fermentation bacteria cake plate and the sealing film on both sides. .

The device can timely discharge organic acid to the main area of methane production, reduce pH and thus reduce the concentration of free ammonia. The organic acid produced in the fermentation process will affect the form of ammonia nitrogen, so it can not only avoid the accumulation of acid and acid in traditional solid fermentation Inhibition, but also to avoid ammonia accumulation, ammonia inhibition, improve fermentation efficiency.

Main device: solid fermentation reactor, effective volume 10L, fermentation method as follows:

Preparation before fermentation: pig farm dry manure (TS=25%-31%), straw (TS=88%-90%), inoculum (TS=17%-19%), pig manure and straw are compared according to VS For a 1:1 mix. Add the supernatant biogas slurry to adjust the above substances to TS of 20%-25%.

Fermentation process: Fill the solid fermentation reactor with 1400g of inoculum and 1200g of pig manure and straw mixture. Continue to add 2 times according to this addition amount and order to form a three-layer structure of inoculum + pig manure and straw mixture, and stop feeding. , sealed, filled with nitrogen for 5 minutes to create an anaerobic environment, sealed the reactor, connected the outlet of the reactor with the biogas collection bag, and carried out anaerobic fermentation at 37°C.

During the fermentation process, the gas production volume was measured every day, and the pH was measured every 3 days to analyze whether acid inhibition occurred. Fermentation ends at 40 days. The residue after fermentation was taken out, and the mixture of pig manure and straw was refilled, and filled three times at intervals as above. Continue anaerobic fermentation.

the result shows:

(1) The organic acid concentration during the fermentation process in the non-mixed inoculation reaches: total acid 19.6-33.0 mg/g, acetic acid 5.7-6.9 mg/g, propionic acid 3.0-4.1 mg/g, but no acid inhibition occurs, and fermentation can be performed quickly Start-up, the lag period is 1-2 days, which is 7-8 days less than traditional mixed solids fermentation.

(2) In anaerobic fermentation, the maximum daily yield of substrate VS methane reached 9.5 ml/(g·d), and the biogas yield was 1.5 times that of traditional pig manure and straw mixed fermentation, and 3.5 times that of pig manure fermentation alone.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a continuous solid anaerobic fermentation device of non-mixed inoculation of small-scale, includes base, sleeve and upper cover, and the sleeve is adorned admittedly to the coaxial company on the base, and the sealed lid of cover in sleeve upper end is adorned the upper cover, and the suit sealing washer is further sealed and is strengthened between sleeve and upper cover, and it has outlet duct and pressure balance mouth to cover the system on, installs the valve on the outlet duct, and the base middle part system has the cavity sap cavity, and the lateral wall system has fluid-discharge tube, its characterized in that:

the fermentation bacteria cake tray comprises a sleeve and is characterized in that a pair of hinged supports are symmetrically and radially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve, hinge handles are coaxially and hermetically hinged in the hinged supports, one end of each hinge handle extends into the sleeve, fermentation bacteria cake trays are horizontally arranged in the middle of the sleeve at intervals, rotary handles are horizontally hinged on two sides of each fermentation bacteria cake tray and are coaxially fixed with the rotary handles extending into the sleeve, when the hinge handles are rotated, the rotary handles coaxially rotate along with the hinge handles, through holes are uniformly distributed in the middle of the fermentation bacteria cake trays, bacteria powder is placed in the through holes, sealing films are sealed on two sides of each fermentation bacteria cake tray, and liquid through holes communicated with the upper space and the lower space of each fermentation bacteria cake tray are formed in corresponding positions on the fermentation bacteria cake trays and the.

2. The small-scale non-mixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sealing films are two semicircles arranged at intervals.

3. The small-scale unmixed inoculation continuous solid anaerobic fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sealing membrane can be opened in stages in the following way: one end of a pull rope is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of each semicircular sealing film at a position close to the axis at intervals, the other end of the pull rope is fixedly arranged on the rotating handle, and when the rotating handle is rotated, the pull rope is wound on the rotating handle to pull the sealing film open.

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