CN211627817U

CN211627817U - Based on Arduino tree clearance detection device

Info

Publication number: CN211627817U
Application number: CN202020153137.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡春华
Original assignee: Nanjing Forestry University
Current assignee: Nanjing Forestry University
Priority date: 2020-02-05
Filing date: 2020-02-05
Publication date: 2020-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-05

Abstract

The utility model discloses a based on gap detection device of Arduino tree, including Arduino microcontroller, ultrasonic ranging module, steering wheel, liquid crystal display module and laser orientation module, ultrasonic ranging module and laser orientation module coaxial arrangement are on the steering wheel, and ultrasonic ranging module, steering wheel, laser orientation module and liquid crystal display module all are connected with Arduino microcontroller; the ultrasonic ranging module adopts an HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module, and the laser positioning module adopts a KY-008 laser head; the ultrasonic ranging module is connected with an analog I/O port A2 and an analog I/O port A3 of the Arduino microcontroller, and a KY-008 laser head is connected with a digital I/O port 8 of the Arduino microcontroller. The utility model discloses it is high to have degree of automation in actual tree clearance measurement, and measurement of efficiency is high, and labour saving and time saving, measurement accuracy is better characteristics in the great forest zone of density.

Description

Based on Arduino tree clearance detection device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the forestry monitoring, concretely relates to based on Arduino tree clearance detection device.

Background

Forest resource investigation and data acquisition are important links in forestry production. The tree space data is an important determining factor for forest density measurement in forest zones. In forestry operation regulations, planting of an artificial forest needs to meet corresponding tree spacing requirements, and the tree spacing is divided into plant spacing and row spacing, which are simply referred to as plant row spacing. The row spacing refers to the distance between two adjacent trees in the same row (the distance during planting is generally expressed in meters, and the same applies below), and the row spacing refers to the distance between two adjacent rows of trees. In the production practice of artificial forests, the afforestation density and the row spacing of the artificial forests have a crucial influence on the afforestation benefit, and the suitable afforestation density can be combined with the reasonable row spacing layout to fully utilize the land-standing resources, so that the maximum economic benefit is generated. Therefore, measuring the row spacing of the trees is an important basis and means for monitoring the growth condition of the trees in the artificial forest area and controlling the economic production of the artificial forest. The traditional plant row spacing measuring method adopts measuring tools of tape and rope measurement to measure, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the whole measuring work efficiency is very low, and the method is not suitable for the actual characteristics of forest resource investigation. At present, in most areas at home and abroad, the traditional method is still adopted for measuring the plant row spacing, and the latest technology is not applied. However, in the large aspect of the automatic distance measurement technology, new measurement methods and techniques are continuously emerging, and in these methods, many measurement means are suitable for measuring the row spacing of the forestry plants.

The automation of the forestry mapping technology, the data acquisition, the processing, the transmission and the display are integrated. With the development of computer and network technologies and the intellectualization of measuring instruments, the forestry mapping technology has undergone a great revolution, and under this large background, the tree row spacing data acquisition and processing technology of the artificial forest is faced with urgent improvement demand. The automation and the intelligent trend of the forestry mapping technology are combined, and a set of automatic detection device is designed for measuring the row spacing of the trees.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that not enough to above-mentioned prior art provides a based on Arduino tree clearance detection device, and it is high that this has degree of automation in actual tree clearance measurement based on Arduino tree clearance detection device, and measurement of efficiency is high, labour saving and time saving, the better characteristics of measurement accuracy in the great forest zone of density.

In order to realize the technical purpose, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes does:

a gap detection device based on an Arduino tree comprises an Arduino microcontroller, an ultrasonic ranging module, a steering engine, a liquid crystal display module and a laser positioning module, wherein the ultrasonic ranging module and the laser positioning module are coaxially mounted on the steering engine, the ultrasonic ranging module, the steering engine and the laser positioning module are all connected with the Arduino microcontroller, and the Arduino microcontroller is connected with the liquid crystal display module;

the Arduino microcontroller adopts an Arduino UNO R3 controller, the ultrasonic ranging module adopts an HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module, and the laser positioning module adopts a KY-008 laser head;

a pin VCC of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected with a power supply, a pin GND of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected with a ground wire, a pin Trig of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected with an analog I/O port A2 of an Arduino UNO R3 controller, a pin Echo of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected with an analog I/O port A3 of an Arduino UNO R3 controller, a pin VCC of the KY-008 laser head is connected with the power supply, a pin GND of the KY-008 laser head is connected with the ground wire, a pin of the KY-008 laser head is connected with a digital I/O port A8 of an Arduino UNO R3 controller, a steering engine is connected with a digital I/O port 9 of an Arduino UNO R3 controller, and a liquid crystal display module is connected with an analog I/O port A4 and an analog I/O port A5 of the Arduino UNO R3 controller.

As the utility model discloses further modified technical scheme, the steering wheel adopts 14g steering wheel, and the GND foot of steering wheel is connected the ground wire, and the VCC foot of steering wheel is connected the power, and the digital IO mouth 9 of Arduino UNO R3 controller is connected to the PWM foot of steering wheel.

As a further improved technical scheme of the utility model, the liquid crystal display module adopts and takes I²LCD1602 LCD of C keysets, with I²Pin SDA of LCD1602 LCD of C keysets connects analog I/O port A4 of Arduino UNO R3 controller, with I²Pin SCL of LCD1602 LCD panel of the C adapter board is connected to analog I/O port a5 of Arduino UNO R3 controller.

As a further improved technical proposal of the utility model, the belt I²The LCD1602 liquid crystal display of the C adapter plate comprises PCF8574 and LCD1602 liquid crystal display, pin SDA of PCF8574 is connected with analog I/O port A of the Arduino UNO R controller, pin SCL of PCF8574 is connected with analog I/O port A of the Arduino UNO R controller, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin D of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin D of the LCD1602, pin RW of PCF8574 is connected with pin K of the LCD1602 by a triode and pin P of PCF8574 is connected with power supply, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin CS of the LCD1602, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin RW of the LCD1602, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin RS of the LCD1602, pins A, pin A and pin A of 8574 are connected with power supply through resistors, pin VDD of PCF8574 is connected with pin VDD, pin Vss of PCF8574T is connected to ground, pin Vss of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to ground, pin VDD of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to power, pin VO of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to power through a slide rheostat, and pin 15 of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to power.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses an Arduino UNO R3 development board is as core control ware. Different from the traditional 51-singlechip series in China, the Arduino has a more and more popular trend internationally because of open sources of hardware and software. An ultrasonic ranging module is adopted as a tool for measuring the row spacing of the trees. Compared with the method for manually measuring by adopting tools such as a tape measure, a measuring rope and the like in the past forestry measurement, the method has the advantage of high automation degree. The steering engine is used as a motion device, and the Arduino PWM wave control is combined, so that the measurement of the detection device is more accurate and reliable. Make whole detection device more automatic and intelligent, make forestry measurement process scientific and unified more simultaneously. The measuring efficiency is high, and labour saving and time saving, measurement accuracy is better in the great forest zone of density.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

The following further description of embodiments of the present invention is made with reference to fig. 1 and 2:

in the embodiment, in order to improve the method for measuring the tree row spacing of the artificial forest, a novel microcontroller is taken as a core, an advanced sensor is adopted, and an automatic control technology is combined, so that a forest resource measuring instrument suitable for the artificial forest environment is designed to measure the row spacing of the trees. Specifically provide one kind promptly based on Arduino tree clearance detection device, this tree clearance detection device includes Arduino microcontroller, ultrasonic ranging module (be ultrasonic sensor), steering wheel, liquid crystal display module and laser orientation module, ultrasonic ranging module, steering wheel and laser orientation module all are connected with Arduino microcontroller, Arduino microcontroller is connected with the liquid crystal display module, and wherein Arduino microcontroller still is connected with the host computer, and the host computer is responsible for controlling Arduino microcontroller and receiving the information that Arduino microcontroller sent. The ultrasonic ranging module and the laser positioning module are coaxially installed and fixed on the plane of the steering engine, the steering engine is used for driving the ultrasonic ranging module and the laser positioning module to rotate simultaneously, the rotating angle of the steering engine is controlled in real time on the upper computer, the measuring data is monitored, when the laser point rotates to a target, the steering engine stops rotating, and the upper computer records the measuring data (multiple measuring values are required to be taken to calculate an average value). Adopt Arduino microcontroller as whole platform control core to the measuring element of trees plant spacing is regarded as to ultrasonic ranging module, regards the display module of LCD1602 liquid crystal display as the platform, regards the telecontrol equipment of small-size 14g steering wheel as the platform, regards the laser head as the orientation module of platform. The tree gap detection device is organically combined by an ultrasonic ranging module, a steering engine and a software algorithm. By adopting a trigonometric function method, the plant-row spacing data of two adjacent trees are calculated by measuring the distance between the two adjacent trees and the ultrasonic ranging module and the rotating angle (namely the rotating angle of the steering engine) of the ultrasonic ranging module when the two trees are measured and using a trigonometric function formula. By using the method, the whole measuring scheme conforms to the mathematical principle and is more scientific, and meanwhile, the reliability of the result is ensured by the indirect measuring method and the operation of a plurality of data.

The tree clearance detection device of this embodiment uses ultrasonic ranging module as measuring instrument mainly for measuring accurate and reliable, the measuring part that adopts ultrasonic ranging module is non-contact measurement method, use ultrasonic ranging module to measure the distance between itself and the trunk, measure the distance between two adjacent trees to the ultrasonic ranging module respectively, note the steering wheel simultaneously and measure the rotatory angular difference between twice, utilize trigonometric function's formula to realize the calculation to the row spacing data in the built-in algorithm of Arduino microcontroller. This embodiment adopts Arduino core development board as control core, has collocated simultaneously with parts such as ultrasonic ranging module, steering wheel, liquid crystal display of this kind of development board adaptation, is in order to be whole testing platform automation and intellectuality more, makes forestry measurement process scientific more and unified simultaneously.

The measuring part of this embodiment has adopted the mode that ultrasonic ranging module and steering wheel combined together, is assisted simultaneously with laser orientation module and fixes a position, through the rotation of steering wheel for ultrasonic ranging module can measure the distance data of two adjacent trees to ultrasonic ranging module itself under host computer remote control, thereby calculates the plant row spacing value of trees in the algorithm afterwards, and concrete work flow is as shown in fig. 2. The display part adopts LCD1602 as display module, and on Arduino microcontroller can send ultrasonic ranging module measuring data and the final data that calculate to display module, can let the user know detection device's operational aspect directly like this, data directly show on display module simultaneously, and the problem that convenient to use person in time found detection device probably to appear, or the unreasonable place of tree row spacing in the artificial forest. Such design accords with the condition of artifical forest actual production management more, so this module makes whole detection device laminate actual production process more.

The Arduino microcontroller of this embodiment employs an Arduino UNO R3 controller.

As shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic ranging module of this embodiment adopts an HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module, a pin VCC of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected to a power supply, a pin GND of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected to a ground, a pin Trig of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected to an analog I/O port a2 of the Arduino UNO R3 controller, and a pin Echo of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module is connected to an analog I/O port A3 of the Arduino UNO R3 controller.

As shown in fig. 1, the laser positioning module of the present embodiment employs a KY-008 laser head. The laser head of KY-008 is used in this embodiment to enable a user to intuitively know the target being measured by the ultrasonic ranging module, so that the whole measuring process is controllable and intuitive. The laser head is adopted as the positioning device, not only is the software programming simple because the laser head is simple and easy to use and is matched with the Arduino microcontroller, but also the cost of the laser head is very low, and the development cost of the detection device is reduced. Pin VCC of KY-008 laser head is connected with power supply, pin GND of KY-008 laser head is connected with ground wire, and pin Signal of KY-008 laser head is connected with digital I/O port 8 of Arduino UNO R3 controller.

As shown in FIG. 1, the steering engine of the embodiment adopts a 14g steering engine, the 14g steering engine has a GND pin, a VCC pin and a PMW pin in common, the GND pin of the 14g steering engine is connected with a ground wire, the VCC pin of the 14g steering engine is connected with a power supply, and the PWM pin of the 14g steering engine is connected with a digital I/O port 9 of an Arduino UNO 3 controller.

As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display module of the present embodiment employs a tape I²LCD1602 LCD of C keysets, with I²Pin SDA of LCD1602 LCD of C keysets connects analog I/O port A4 of Arduino UNO R3 controller, with I²The pin SCL of the LCD1602 LCD of the C adapter board is connected with the controller of Arduino UNO 3Simulating I/O port A5. In particular, the belt I²The LCD1602 liquid crystal display of the C adapter plate comprises PCF8574 and LCD1602 liquid crystal display, pin SDA of PCF8574 is connected with analog I/O port A of the Arduino UNO R controller, pin SCL of PCF8574 is connected with analog I/O port A of the Arduino UNOR controller, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin D of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin D of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display, pin RW 8574 is connected with pin K of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display and pin P of PCF8574 is connected with power supply through a triode, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin CS of the LCD1602, pin P of PCF8574 is connected with pin P of the LCD1602, pin RS of the LCD1602, pin A and pin A of 8574 are connected with pin VDD of PCF VDD through resistors, pin Vss of PCF8574T is connected to ground, pin Vss of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to ground, pin VDD of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to power, pin VO of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to power through a slide rheostat, and pin 15 of LCD1602 liquid crystal display is connected to power.

In this embodiment, a method for obtaining the length of the third side by using the two side lengths and the included angle θ is known by using the trigonometric function principle to realize non-contact measurement by using the ultrasonic ranging module. Contained angle theta adopts steering wheel rotation control, solves the angle change between the steering wheel twice turned angle, is contained angle theta between two trunks promptly for solving, and its measurement clearance distance formula is:

wherein a and b are two side lengths measured by the ultrasonic ranging module.

The Arduino UNO R3 controller of this embodiment initializes the display screen of the LCD1602 and defines signal pins for each of the connection components. The Arduino UNO R3 controller controls the ultrasonic ranging module to start measuring distance data and display the distance data on the liquid crystal screen, and controls the laser head to be kept in an opening state. And at the upper computer, the serial port monitor also displays the measured data so as to judge whether the work is normal or not and wait for a steering engine control command. The steering engine rotation angle is input on the upper computer, and the Arduino UNO 3 controller drives the steering engine to rotate to a specified position after receiving control data. When the laser head moves to an alignment measurement target along with the steering engine visually, a recording instruction is sent out at the upper computer, and the Arduino UNO 3 controller records the measurement data of the ultrasonic ranging module immediately. And continuously controlling the steering engine to rotate on the upper computer, visually observing that the laser head moves to align a second measuring target along with the steering engine, measuring and recording data, and calculating a tree clearance value by using a trigonometric function according to the distance data measured twice and the rotation angle of the steering engine by using an algorithm in the Arduino UNO R3 controller and displaying the tree clearance value on a display screen to finish one measurement. If the second measurement is needed, the whole measurement process can be reset only by inputting a command on the upper computer.

This embodiment employs the Arduino UNO R3 development board as the core controller. Different from the traditional 51-singlechip series in China, the Arduino has a more and more popular trend internationally because of open sources of hardware and software. An ultrasonic ranging module is adopted as a tool for measuring the row spacing of the trees. Compared with the method for manually measuring by adopting tools such as a tape measure and a measuring rope in the past forestry measurement, the ultrasonic ranging module used in the embodiment has the advantage of high automation degree. The steering engine is used as a motion device, and the Arduino PWM wave control is combined, so that the measurement of the detection device is more accurate and reliable.

The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments, the protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims, and any replacement, deformation, and improvement that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art made by the present technology all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a based on Arduino tree clearance detection device which characterized in that: the device comprises an Arduino microcontroller, an ultrasonic ranging module, a steering engine, a liquid crystal display module and a laser positioning module, wherein the ultrasonic ranging module and the laser positioning module are coaxially arranged on the steering engine, the ultrasonic ranging module, the steering engine and the laser positioning module are all connected with the Arduino microcontroller, and the Arduino microcontroller is connected with the liquid crystal display module;

2. The Arduino tree based gap detection device of claim 1, wherein: the steering engine adopts 14g steering engine, and the GND foot of steering engine is connected the ground wire, and the VCC foot of steering engine is connected the power, and the PWM foot of steering engine is connected the digital I/O mouth 9 of Arduino UNO R3 controller.

3. The Arduino tree based gap detection device of claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal display module adopts a belt I²LCD1602 LCD of C keysets, with I²Pin SDA of LCD1602 LCD of C keysets connects analog I/O port A4 of Arduino UNO R3 controller, with I²Pin SCL of LCD1602 LCD panel of the C adapter board is connected to analog I/O port a5 of Arduino UNO R3 controller.

4. The Arduino tree based gap detection device of claim 3, wherein: said belt I²The LCD1602 liquid crystal display of the C adapter plate comprises PCF8574T and the LCD1602 liquid crystal display, and the pin SDA of the PCF8574T is connected with ArduinAnalog I/O port A3 of O UNO R3 controller, pin SCL of PCF8574 3 is connected to analog I/O port A3 of Arduino UNO R3 controller, pin P3 of PCF8574 3 is connected to pin D3 of LCD1602 liquid crystal display, pin P3 of PCF8574 3 is connected to pin K of LCD1602 liquid crystal display 1602 by a triode, pin P3 of PCF8574 3 is connected to power supply, pin P3 of PCF8574 is connected to pin CS of LCD liquid crystal display 1602, pin P3 of PCF8574 3 is connected to pin Vss 3 of LCD1602, pin P3 of PCF 8572 is connected to pin RS 3 of LCD liquid crystal display, pin RS 3 is connected to pin RW RS 3 of PCF, pin RS 3 is connected to pin RS 3 of LCD liquid crystal display. Pin VDD of LCD1602 liquid crystal display connects to the power supply, pin VO of LCD1602 liquid crystal display connects to the power supply through the slide rheostat, and pin 15 of LCD1602 liquid crystal display connects to the power supply.