CN211531812U - An automatic control quantitative fertilization device - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic control quantitative fertilization device comprises a fertilization system, a stirring system, a control system and a support for supporting; the fertilizer feeding system comprises a fertilizer funnel, a T-shaped three-way pipe, a vent pipe and a vent pump, wherein the T-shaped three-way pipe consists of a vertical pipe and a transverse pipe, the middle part of the transverse pipe is vertically and fixedly connected with the vertical pipe into a whole and is communicated with the vertical pipe, the lower opening of the fertilizer funnel is communicated and connected with the pipe orifice of the vertical pipe, the two ends of the vent pipe are respectively connected with the air outlet of the vent pump and the air inlet pipe orifice of the transverse pipe, and the discharge pipe orifice of the; the stirring system comprises a water fertilizer box, a motor and stirring blades; the control system controls the start and stop of the breather pump, the motor and the booster pump. The utility model reduces the waste and loss of fertilizer and improves the economic benefit generated by fertilization by accurate quantitative fertilization; and the fertilizing time on the unit area cultivated land is short, and the working efficiency of fertilizing is improved.

Description

An automatic control quantitative fertilization device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic control quantitative fertilization device.

Background technique

Fertilization in the process of agricultural production is an important measure to improve soil fertility and promote crop growth. The method and amount of fertilization not only affect the yield of crops and the economic benefits of farmers, but also affect the quality of cultivated land. Insufficient fertilization and lack of nutrient supply for crops will inhibit their growth and development, thereby affecting the yield and quality of agricultural products. Excessive fertilization will cause imbalance of nutrients absorbed by crops, resulting in the phenomenon of leggy stems and leaves and a decrease in the seed setting rate. In addition, fertilizers that are not absorbed by crops after excessive fertilization remain in the soil, resulting in waste of fertilizer resources and non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland. Therefore, in the process of fertilizing crops, the fertilization plan should be optimized, and the fertilization technology system should be improved according to parameters such as crop nutrient absorption, soil nutrient utilization, and chemical fertilizer utilization. At present, the quantitative control of fertilizer application rate in the agricultural production process is low in automation, or the equipment is complex and expensive, and requires professional and technical personnel to maintain and operate. Therefore, there are still many traditional methods of fertilizing crops. Although the traditional manual quantitative fertilization can control the fertilization amount more accurately, it is labor-intensive and the fertilization work time is long.

Relevant studies have shown that the amount of fertilizer applied per unit area of cultivated land in my country is higher than the average level of other countries in the world, and the environmental problems of cultivated land caused by fertilization continue to intensify. In recent years, the state has formulated a zero-increase plan for chemical fertilizer consumption. The specific measures are to reduce weight and increase efficiency, implement precise fertilization, and cultivate scientifically. After analyzing the basic soil fertility and crop target yield, it is a good way to formulate a reasonable ratio of fertilizers, and determine the fertilization period and fertilization amount. .

Patent document CN201910075837 discloses a water and fertilizer integrated irrigation equipment, including a quantitative fertilizer feeding mechanism, a water and fertilizer mixing mechanism, and a quantitative water delivery mechanism; The side of the bucket is provided with a crank vibration mechanism that periodically impacts the fertilizer bucket; the water and fertilizer mixing mechanism includes a fertilizer bucket, which is connected with a fertilization pipe and a number of water inlet pipes. A filter cartridge is arranged inside the mixed fertilizer barrel below the fertilizer barrel; the quantitative water delivery mechanism includes a water delivery pipe connected to the water supply end at one end, the other end of the water delivery pipe is connected with a water inlet pipe, and a water delivery pump and a meter are installed on the water delivery pipe. However, the amount of fertilizer put in by the equipment is not precise enough, and the structure is relatively complicated.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of automatic control quantitative fertilization device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an automatic controlled quantitative fertilization device, so as to solve the problems that the quantitative control of fertilization is not accurate enough and the automatic application of fertilization is not convenient enough as proposed in the background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an automatic controlled quantitative fertilization device, the quantitative fertilization device includes a fertilizer application system, a stirring system, a control system and a support for supporting; the fertilizer application system includes fertilizer A funnel, a T-shaped tee pipe, a ventilation pipe and a ventilation pump. The T-shaped tee pipe is composed of a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe. The middle part of the horizontal pipe is vertically connected with the vertical pipe and communicated with the vertical pipe. The lower opening is connected to the vertical pipe orifice, the two ends of the ventilation pipe are respectively connected to the air outlet of the ventilation pump and one end of the horizontal pipe, that is, the intake pipe port, and the other end of the horizontal pipe, that is, the discharge pipe port, which is arranged in the water and fertilizer tank. Above, the height of the horizontal pipe is set to be not lower than the height of its discharge nozzle, so that when the ventilation pump is not turned on, the fertilizer from the fertilizer hopper will not be led out from the discharge nozzle, and When the ventilation pump is turned on, the fertilizer from the fertilizer funnel can be led out from the discharge nozzle; the stirring system includes a water and fertilizer tank, a motor and a stirring blade, and a water level sensor is arranged on the tank wall of the water and fertilizer tank. A water inlet pipe is connected on the wall, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve is controlled by a water level sensor; the motor is connected with the stirring blade extending into the water and fertilizer tank; the box bottom or the box body of the water and fertilizer tank is connected. The lower part is connected with a water and fertilizer outflow pipe, and the water and fertilizer outflow pipe is connected with a booster pump; the control system controls the opening and closing of the ventilation pump, the motor and the booster pump through a transmission wire or a wireless connection.

In a specific embodiment, the quantitative fertilization device includes three sets of fertilization systems, which are respectively used for the delivery of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

In a specific embodiment, the support includes a fertilizer feeding equipment support, a water tank equipment support and a motor support, and the fertilizer feeding equipment support is arranged under the fertilizer feeding system to play a supporting role; the water tank equipment support is used for erecting the water and fertilizer tank, The installation distance of the water and fertilizer outflow pipe is left under the water and fertilizer tank; the motor bracket is erected on the water tank equipment bracket to support the motor.

In a specific embodiment, the installation distance of the water and fertilizer outflow pipes left under the water and fertilizer tank is 10-20 cm.

In a specific embodiment, the fertilizer feeding system further includes a fertilizer guiding pipe, the upper end of the fertilizer guiding pipe is communicated with the discharge nozzle of the T-shaped three-way pipe, and the lower end nozzle of the fertilizer guiding pipe That is, the fertilizer input port is located above the water and fertilizer tank, and the opening of the fertilizer input port faces downward.

In a specific embodiment, the ventilation pump, the motor, the booster pump and the solenoid valve are powered by commercial power.

In a specific embodiment, the stirring blade is made of hard plastic material, and the rotating shaft of the motor and the stirring blade are connected by bolts.

In a specific embodiment, the stirring blade is arranged below the water surface of the water and fertilizer tank.

In a specific embodiment, when the water level of the water and fertilizer tank is lower than the water level set by the water level sensor, the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe is automatically opened, and when the water level of the water and fertilizer tank reaches the water level set by the water level sensor, the water inlet pipe is on the The solenoid valve is automatically closed, so that the water level in the water and fertilizer tank remains unchanged.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The utility model is an automatic control fertilization device. In view of the excessive fertilization or the unreasonable combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the current crop fertilization process in agricultural production, the fertilization device adopts an innovative design of a scientific metering fertilization method, and through quantitative control Apply an appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the farmland. The fertilization device reduces the labor intensity of the fertilization work for farmers, and avoids the rough application of the fertilization amount during the fertilization process. The utility model reduces waste and loss of fertilizer resources through precise and quantitative fertilization, thereby improving the economic benefits after fertilization. The fertilizer application of the fertilizer application device realizes automatic control in the whole process of applying fertilizer to the farmland, which saves the cost of human resource management. The fertilizing device has a short fertilizing time on a unit area of arable land, which improves the working efficiency of fertilizing. The fertilization device can use digitalization to manage the fertilization of farmland, timely and accurately collect the amount of fertilization in the farmland, and control the impact of fertilization on the ecological environment of the farmland. The utility model changes the problem that farmers can only master the application of fertilization technology after attending study and training in the past, and improves the shortage of technical personnel such as soil and fertilizer science and technology commissioners and agricultural technical instructors of local governments that need to be called in the agricultural production process.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fertilizer feeding system in an embodiment of the present invention;

1. Fertilizer funnel; 2. T-shaped tee pipe; 3. Breathing pipe; 4. Breathing pump; 5. Motor; 6. Fertilizer pipe; 7. Control system; 8. Motor support; 9. Water tank equipment support; 10, stirring blade; 11, water and fertilizer outflow pipe; 12, water level sensor; 13, water inlet pipe; 14, fertilizer feeding equipment bracket; 15, fertilizer input port; 16, water and fertilizer tank; 21, standpipe nozzle; 22, inlet Trachea mouth; 23. Outlet mouth.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1

The utility model provides an automatic control quantitative fertilization device, the quantitative fertilization device includes a fertilizer feeding system, a stirring system, a control system and a bracket for supporting; the fertilizer feeding system includes a fertilizer funnel 1, a T-shaped The three-way pipe 2, the ventilation pipe 3 and the ventilation pump 4, the T-shaped three-way pipe 2 is composed of a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe, and the middle part of the horizontal pipe is vertically connected with the vertical pipe and communicated with the vertical pipe. The fertilizer funnel 1 The lower opening of the vertical pipe is connected to the vertical pipe orifice 21, the two ends of the ventilation pipe 3 are respectively connected to the air outlet of the ventilation pump 4 and one end of the horizontal pipe, that is, the intake pipe port 22, and the other end of the horizontal pipe is the discharge pipe. The mouth 23 is arranged above the water and fertilizer tank 16, and the height of the horizontal pipe is arranged to be not lower than the height of its discharge nozzle, so that the fertilizer from the fertilizer hopper will not flow out from the outlet when the ventilation pump is not turned on. The feed pipe mouth is exported, and when the ventilation pump is turned on, the fertilizer from the fertilizer funnel can be exported from the discharge pipe mouth; the stirring system includes a water and fertilizer tank 16, a motor 5 and a stirring blade 10, and the tank wall of the water and fertilizer tank 16 is provided with There is a water level sensor 12, a water inlet pipe 13 is connected to the side wall of the water and fertilizer tank 16, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe 13, and the solenoid valve is controlled by the water level sensor 12 to open and close; The stirring blades 10 in the water and fertilizer tank 16 are connected; the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank 16 or the lower part of the box is connected with a water and fertilizer outflow pipe 11, and the water and fertilizer outflow pipe 11 is connected with a booster pump; The control system 7 is connected by a transmission wire or wirelessly Control the opening and closing of the ventilation pump 4, the motor 5 and the booster pump.

After the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer funnel, the fertilizer will fall along the vertical pipe of the T-shaped tee pipe under the action of gravity, and because the horizontal pipe of the T-shaped tee pipe is placed at a height of the discharge pipe orifice is not lower than the height of the intake pipe port. , so the fertilizer will not slip out of the horizontal tube discharge nozzle of the T-shaped tee.

When the aeration pump continues to introduce air from the inlet port of the T-shaped tee, the fertilizer is pushed to the outlet of the T-shaped tee by the air thrust, and then slides down to the fertilizer guide pipe connected to the outlet of the outlet. The ventilation pump adopts a uniform ventilation method, so the fertilizer in the funnel will also slide down to the fertilizer guide pipe at a uniform speed, so the amount of fertilizer entering the fertilizer guide pipe is positively related to the ventilation time of the ventilation pump.

After the fertilizer enters the water and fertilizer tank, start the motor, drive the stirring blade to rotate, and agitate the water body in the tank to fully dissolve the input fertilizer. The water and fertilizer liquid in the water and fertilizer tank is pressurized along the water and fertilizer outflow pipe by the booster pump on the water and fertilizer outflow pipe, and then flows into the farmland through the external pipeline to the farmland.

The fertilizer input speed in the utility model can be adjusted according to the ventilation volume of the ventilation pump, and the concentration of water and fertilizer applied to the farmland is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the water and fertilizer liquid pumped by the booster pump of the water and fertilizer outflow pipe. The fertilizer input speed and the water and fertilizer outflow speed are generally not adjusted as variables after parameter calibration.

The water level sensor is commercially available, and a transmission wire is connected between the water level sensor and the solenoid valve.

In a specific embodiment, the quantitative fertilization device includes three sets of fertilization systems, which are respectively used for the delivery of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

In a specific embodiment, the support includes a fertilizer application equipment support 14, a water tank equipment support 9 and a motor support 8. The fertilizer application equipment support 14 is provided under the fertilizer application system to play a supporting role; the water tank equipment support 9 is used to The water and fertilizer tank 16 is erected so that the installation distance of the water and fertilizer outflow pipe 11 is left under the water and fertilizer tank 16 ; the motor bracket 8 is erected on the water tank equipment bracket 9 to support the motor 5 .

In a specific embodiment, the installation distance of the water and fertilizer outflow pipe 11 at the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank 16 is 10-20 cm.

In a specific embodiment, the fertilizer feeding system further includes a fertilizer guiding pipe 6, the upper end of the fertilizer guiding pipe 6 is communicated with the discharge nozzle of the T-shaped three-way pipe 2, and the fertilizer guiding pipe 6 The lower end of the nozzle, that is, the fertilizer input port 15 is located above the water and fertilizer tank 16, and the opening of the fertilizer input port 15 faces downward. When nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers and potash fertilizers use different fertilizer feeding systems, each fertilizer feeding system can be set with a separate fertilizer guiding pipe, or a consolidated fertilizer guiding pipe can be set up, that is, the upper end of the fertilizer guiding pipe is divided into three nozzles and connected to each other. The discharge nozzles of different fertilizer feeding systems, but the fertilizer guide pipe shares a lower nozzle. It will be more beautiful to use the aggregated fertilizer tube.

In a specific embodiment, the ventilation pump 4 , the motor 5 , the booster pump and the solenoid valve are powered by commercial power.

In a specific embodiment, the stirring blade is made of hard plastic material, and the motor rotating shaft and the stirring blade 10 are connected by bolts.

In a specific embodiment, the stirring blade 10 is arranged below the water surface of the water and fertilizer tank 16 .

In a specific embodiment, when the water level of the water and fertilizer tank 16 is lower than the water level set by the water level sensor 12, the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe 13 is automatically opened, and when the water level of the water and fertilizer tank 16 reaches the water level set by the water level sensor 12 When the water level is reached, the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe 13 is automatically closed, so that the water level in the water and fertilizer tank 16 remains unchanged.

When the fertilizer feeding rate is calibrated at 1 kg/min and the water and fertilizer outflow rate is 20 liters/min, and a field needs to be applied with 10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 8 kg of potassium fertilizer, the air pump corresponding to the nitrogen fertilizer funnel is turned on through the switch control system. Turn off after 10 minutes, then turn on the air pump corresponding to the phosphate fertilizer funnel for 5 minutes, and finally start the air pump corresponding to the potash fertilizer funnel for 8 minutes; this fertilization took a total of 23 minutes, and the amount of water and fertilizer liquid applied to the farmland was 460 liters . It takes 3 to 4 hours to apply the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers according to the manual spreading method. The application of the device for fertilization can increase the fertilization work efficiency by 8 to 10 times.

By adjusting the outflow rate of water and fertilizer, three air pumps can be turned on at the same time, so as to obtain higher fertilization efficiency.

The fertilization device has the characteristics of accurate fertilization amount, automatic fertilization process, high fertilization work efficiency, low fertilizer waste loss rate and the like, and has good application and promotion value.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deductions and substitutions can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a quantitative fertilization device of automatic control, is characterized in that, described quantitative fertilization device comprises fertilization system, stirring system, control system and the support for playing a supporting role; Described fertilization system comprises fertilizer funnel (1) , T-shaped tee pipe (2), ventilation pipe (3) and ventilation pump (4). And communicate with the vertical pipe, the lower opening of the fertilizer funnel (1) is connected with the vertical pipe nozzle (21), and the two ends of the ventilation pipe (3) are respectively connected to the air outlet of the ventilation pump (4) and one end of the horizontal pipe The nozzle is the intake nozzle (22), the other end nozzle of the horizontal pipe, the discharge nozzle (23), is arranged above the water and fertilizer tank (16), and the horizontal pipe is set to a height of not lower than the discharge nozzle. The height of the inlet pipe is such that the fertilizer from the fertilizer funnel will not be led out from the outlet pipe when the ventilation pump is not turned on, and the fertilizer from the fertilizer funnel can be led out from the outlet pipe when the ventilation pump is turned on. The mixing system comprises a water and fertilizer tank (16), a motor (5) and a stirring blade (10), and a water level sensor (12) is provided on the wall of the water and fertilizer tank (16), and the side of the water and fertilizer tank (16) is provided with a water level sensor (12). A water inlet pipe (13) is connected on the wall, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe (13), and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve is controlled by a water level sensor (12); the motor (5) is connected to the water and fertilizer tank (16) The inner stirring blades (10) are connected; the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank (16) or the lower part of the box is connected with a water and fertilizer outflow pipe (11), and the water and fertilizer outflow pipe (11) is connected with a booster pump; the control system (7) ) controls the opening and closing of the ventilation pump (4), the motor (5) and the booster pump through a transmission wire or a wireless connection. 2 . The quantitative fertilization device according to claim 1 , wherein the quantitative fertilization device comprises three sets of fertilizer feeding systems, which are respectively used for the feeding of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer. 3 . 3. The quantitative fertilization device according to claim 1, wherein the support comprises a fertilization equipment support (14), a water tank equipment support (9) and a motor support (8), and the fertilization equipment support (14) is provided with It plays a supporting role under the fertilizer application system; the water tank equipment bracket (9) is used to erect the water and fertilizer tank (16), so that the installation distance of the water and fertilizer outflow pipe (11) is left under the water and fertilizer tank (16); the motor bracket ( 8) Set up on the water tank equipment bracket (9) to support the motor (5). 4 . The quantitative fertilization device according to claim 3 , wherein the installation distance of the water and fertilizer outflow pipe ( 11 ) at the bottom of the water and fertilizer tank ( 16 ) is 10-20 cm. 5 . 5. The quantitative fertilizer application device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fertilizer application system further comprises a fertilizer guide pipe (6), the upper end of the fertilizer guide pipe (6) and the T-shaped three-way pipe (2) The discharge nozzles of the fertilizer guide pipes (6) are connected to each other, the fertilizer input port (15) is located above the water and fertilizer tank (16), and the fertilizer input port (15) has an opening facing downward. 6 . The quantitative fertilization device according to claim 1 , wherein the ventilation pump ( 4 ), the motor ( 5 ), the booster pump and the solenoid valve are driven by commercial power supply. 7 . 7 . The quantitative fertilization device according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring blade ( 10 ) is made of hard plastic material, and the motor shaft and the stirring blade ( 10 ) are connected by bolts. 8 . 8 . The quantitative fertilization device according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring blade ( 10 ) is arranged below the water surface of the water and fertilizer tank ( 16 ). 9 . 9. quantitative fertilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when the water level of water and fertilizer tank (16) is lower than the water level set by water level sensor (12), the solenoid valve on water inlet pipe (13) is automatically opened, When the water level of the water and fertilizer tank (16) reaches the water level set by the water level sensor (12), the solenoid valve on the water inlet pipe (13) is automatically closed, so that the water level in the water and fertilizer tank (16) remains unchanged.

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