CN211530092U - Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell - Google Patents

Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN211530092U
CN211530092U CN202020101944.9U CN202020101944U CN211530092U CN 211530092 U CN211530092 U CN 211530092U CN 202020101944 U CN202020101944 U CN 202020101944U CN 211530092 U CN211530092 U CN 211530092U
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hydrogen concentration
tail
gas
fuel cell
pipeline
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梁未栋
邓佳
李勇
易勇
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/112382 priority patent/WO2021143149A1/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell tail row hydrogen concentration detects and mixes diluting device and fuel cell, draw the dilution unit including hydrogen concentration detecting element and gas mixing, wherein: the hydrogen concentration detection unit comprises a tail discharge main pipeline, a sampling branch pipeline, a gas-liquid separator and a hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein the gas mixing injection dilution unit comprises an injection three-way pipe and a dilution gas introduction pipeline, a main inlet of the injection three-way pipe is connected with an upstream section of the tail discharge main pipeline, a branch inlet of the injection three-way pipe is connected with one end of the dilution gas introduction pipeline, an outlet of the injection three-way pipe is connected with a downstream section of the tail discharge main pipeline, an injection nozzle is arranged at a joint of the main inlet and the branch inlet, a negative pressure is formed at the branch inlet under the action of the injection nozzle, and external cold air enters the tail discharge main pipeline through the dilution gas introduction pipeline to achieve the dilution effect.

Description

Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model relates to a fuel cell tail hydrogen discharge concentration detects and mixes diluting device and fuel cell.
Background art:
the fuel cell system generates electric energy by utilizing an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen stored in a gas cylinder and oxygen from air, and provides a power source for electric equipment. The hydrogen and the oxygen are separated by a fuel cell exchange membrane, but the phenomenon of mutual permeation is inevitable; in the reaction process, liquid water can be gathered in the hydrogen way, needs timely discharge, and the water and the impurity that can utilize the purge solenoid valve to discharge the hydrogen way are usually discharged to the air way export and are mixed in order to reduce hydrogen concentration, avoid taking place the detonation. Therefore, the fuel cell system needs to install a hydrogen concentration sensor at the outlet of the air passage to monitor and control the hydrogen concentration at the outlet in real time. The explosion limit of hydrogen as a combustible gas is 4-75.6%. It is therefore necessary to reduce the exhaust hydrogen concentration to below 4% to avoid danger.
Generally, the fuel cell has a high operation temperature, and the air at the outlet of the air passage is high in temperature and humidity, so that in such a use environment, a special hydrogen concentration sensor, generally a heating-type hydrogen concentration sensor, needs to be used, which is very high in use cost and unstable in performance, and causes high maintenance cost of the fuel cell system, and even affects the safety and the use performance of the fuel cell system.
In patent CN 208076472U, used a venturi and waterproof ventilated membrane to avoid hydrogen concentration sensor to use under the high temperature and high humidity environment, but the device makes the tail calandria flow resistance increase, and has waterproof ventilated membrane to block up the risk, easily causes and detects inaccurate phenomenon.
In patent CN 108493467a, a large number of valves are used to control the hydrogen content in the fuel cell exhaust, the number of components is large, the control is complicated, and the use of a common hydrogen concentration sensor in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment is not solved.
The applicant has already proposed a patent application to solve the above-mentioned technique, see publication No.: CN109768307A, patent name: the utility model provides a fuel cell tail row hydrogen concentration detection and mixed dilution device and new energy automobile, it uses the fan to cool off the dilute gas inlet line and insert the tail row and be responsible for, has increased at first that the electric part fan has not only increased the cost and has increased the noise source simultaneously to compare in pure structure spare system the reliability lacks to some extent, and secondly the tail row is responsible for the amount of wind big, and it can lead to the stifled rotary burning machine of fan not exempted from.
The invention content is as follows:
the utility model aims at providing fuel cell tail hydrogen concentration detection and mixed diluting device and fuel cell, solve two technical problem that exist among the prior art simultaneously: 1) the structure is complex and the cost is high; 2) reliability is somewhat lacking.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device is characterized in that: including gas mixing draws and penetrates dilution unit, wherein: the gas mixing draws penetrates dilution unit draws the leading-in pipeline including drawing the three-way pipe and the diluent gas, draw the main entrance connection tail row main line's of three-way pipe upper reaches section, draw the branch entry connection diluent gas of three-way pipe and draw the one end of leading-in pipeline, draw the exit linkage tail row main line's of three-way pipe lower reaches section, set up the injection nozzle in the handing-over department of main entrance and branch entry, the effect through the injection nozzle makes branch entrance form the negative pressure, make outside cold air get into the effect that the tail row main line reached the dilution through the diluent gas leading-in pipeline.
Foretell still include hydrogen concentration detecting element, hydrogen concentration detecting element include that the tail is arranged main line, sampling branch pipeline, vapour and liquid separator and hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein the entry linkage of sampling branch pipeline arrange the upper reaches section of main line at the tail, vapour and liquid separator include interior casing, set up the cavity in the interior casing, set up tail exhaust outlet, tail exhaust inlet pipe and comdenstion water outlet pipe on the interior casing, tail exhaust outlet, tail exhaust inlet pipe and comdenstion water outlet pipe all communicate with the cavity, sampling branch pipeline's exit linkage vapour and liquid separator's tail exhaust inlet pipe, install hydrogen concentration sensor on vapour and liquid separator.
The other end of the diluent gas introducing pipeline is connected with a shell, a first cavity is arranged in the shell, an air inlet is formed in one side of the shell, the diluent gas introducing pipeline, the air inlet and the first cavity are communicated, an inner shell of the gas-liquid separator is installed in the first cavity, and a flow channel is further arranged between the inner shell and the shell so that external cold air can enter the diluent gas introducing pipeline.
The surface of the inner shell of the gas-liquid separator is provided with the heat dissipation teeth, and when external cold air enters and blows on the heat dissipation teeth, the gas-liquid separator is cooled to form primary cooling.
The inner diameter of the sampling branch pipeline is smaller than that of the tail exhaust main pipeline, the length of the sampling branch pipeline is at least 0.8 m, and the sampling branch pipeline is made of metal materials, so that high-temperature gas is greatly cooled through heat exchange with room temperature before entering the hydrogen concentration detection unit, and secondary cooling is formed.
The tail exhaust outlet on the inner shell is positioned in the first cavity and faces the dilution gas introducing pipeline.
The hydrogen concentration sensor is a non-heating hydrogen concentration sensor.
The bottom inlet of the injection nozzle is wide, and the top outlet is narrow.
The air inlet arranged at one side of the shell is in a horn shape.
A fuel cell comprises an electric pile module, an electric control assembly, a hydrogen gas path system, a cooling loop system and an air path system, wherein the electric pile module is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cell monomers from bottom to top; the air path system comprises an air compressor, an air cooler and a humidifier; the outlet of the air path system is provided with the hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device at the tail of the fuel cell.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following effect has:
1. the utility model discloses an including hydrogen concentration detecting element and gas mixture draw and penetrate dilution unit, wherein gas mixture draws and penetrates dilution unit and draws the pipeline including drawing the three-way pipe and the gas introduction of dilution, draw the main entrance connection tail row main line's of three-way pipe upper reaches section, draw the branch entry connection of three-way pipe and dilute the one end of gas introduction pipeline, draw the exit linkage tail row main line's of three-way pipe lower reaches section, handing-over department at main entry and branch entry sets up the injection nozzle, effect through the injection nozzle makes branch entrance form the negative pressure, make outside cold air get into the effect that the tail row main line reached the dilution through the gas introduction pipeline of dilution. The original fan is cancelled, an ejector principle is utilized, the structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the ejection three-way pipe can realize the suction of large-flow air through the fluid of the system, so that the system can be used for diluting the concentration of tail-exhaust hydrogen and refrigerating a sampling branch pipeline, thereby achieving multiple purposes. The number of system parts is reduced, the system arrangement is simplified, the reliability of the system is improved, and meanwhile, the cost is greatly reduced.
2. Other advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the examples section.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an injection three-way pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the housing and gas-liquid separator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the housing and gas-liquid separator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a device for detecting concentration of hydrogen discharged from a fuel cell and mixing and diluting the hydrogen, which is characterized in that: it includes hydrogen concentration detecting element and gas mixing draws and penetrates the dilution unit, wherein:
the hydrogen concentration detection unit comprises a tail discharge main pipeline 1, a sampling branch pipeline 2, a gas-liquid separator 3 and a hydrogen concentration sensor 4, wherein the inlet of the sampling branch pipeline 2 is connected with the upstream section 1a of the tail discharge main pipeline 1, the gas-liquid separator 3 comprises an inner shell 31, a cavity 32 is arranged in the inner shell 31, a tail exhaust outlet 33, a tail exhaust inlet pipe 34 and a condensed water outlet pipe 35 are arranged on the inner shell 31, the tail exhaust outlet 33, the tail exhaust inlet pipe 34 and the condensed water outlet pipe 35 are all communicated with the cavity 32, the outlet of the sampling branch pipeline 2 is connected with the tail exhaust inlet pipe 34 of the gas-liquid separator 3, and the hydrogen concentration sensor 4 is arranged on the gas-liquid separator 3;
the gas mixing injection dilution unit comprises an injection three-way pipe 5 and a diluent gas introduction pipeline 6, a main inlet 51 of the injection three-way pipe is connected with an upstream section 1a of the tail discharge main pipeline 1, a branch inlet 53 of the injection three-way pipe 5 is connected with one end of the diluent gas introduction pipeline 6, an outlet 52 of the injection three-way pipe 5 is connected with a downstream section 1b of the tail discharge main pipeline 1, an injection nozzle 54 is arranged at the joint of the main inlet 51 and the branch inlet 53, the branch inlet 53 forms negative pressure under the action of the injection nozzle 54, and external cold air enters the tail discharge main pipeline 1 through the diluent gas introduction pipeline 6 to achieve the dilution effect.
The utility model discloses cancel original fan and utilize the ejector principle, draw and penetrate three-way pipe 5 and can realize the inspiration of large-traffic air through the fluid of system itself to serve as the refrigeration of tail row hydrogen concentration dilution and sampling branch pipeline, kill many birds with one stone. The number of system parts is reduced, the system arrangement is simplified, the reliability of the system is improved, and meanwhile, the cost is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the injection three-way pipe 5 is of a pure mechanical structure, electric drive is not needed, and the negative pressure generated at the branch inlet 53 by the high-speed airflow exhausted from the tail of the main pipeline 1 is utilized, so that the durability and reliability of the injection three-way pipe are improved.
The other end of the dilution gas introducing pipeline 6 is connected with a shell 7, a first cavity 71 is arranged in the shell 7, an air inlet 72 is arranged on one side of the shell 7, the dilution gas introducing pipeline 6 and the air inlet 72 are communicated with the first cavity 71, the inner shell 31 of the gas-liquid separator 3 is arranged in the first cavity 71, and a flow channel 73 is further arranged between the inner shell 31 and the shell 7 so that external cold air can enter the dilution gas introducing pipeline 6.
The surface of the inner shell 31 of the gas-liquid separator is provided with the heat dissipation teeth 36, and when external cold air enters and blows on the heat dissipation teeth 36, the gas-liquid separator is cooled, so that primary cooling is formed.
The inner diameter of the sampling branch pipeline 2 is smaller than that of the tail exhaust main pipeline 1, the length of the sampling branch pipeline 2 is at least 0.8 m, and the sampling branch pipeline is made of metal materials with good heat dissipation performance, so that high-temperature gas is greatly cooled through heat exchange with room temperature before entering a hydrogen concentration detection unit, and secondary cooling is formed.
Gas mixture draws and penetrates dilution unit and draws upstream section 1a to inhale the tail exhaust gas who treats the detection in tail exhaust main line 1, tail exhaust gas draws nozzle 54 department through drawing three-way pipe 5 and makes gaseous kinetic energy increase, thereby cross-over department at branch entry 53 forms the negative pressure, introduce a large amount of air, then tail exhaust gas and the air mixture of introducing are discharged from the three way exit after diluting, simultaneously vapour and liquid separator 3 takes into high temperature and high humidity's tail exhaust gas from sampling branch pipeline 2, this tail exhaust gas gets into the cavity 32 of interior casing 31 that has heat dissipation tooth 36, tail exhaust gas after cooling and dehumidification by a wide margin provides the guarantee for hydrogen concentration sensor 4's accuracy, then the air mixture that draws from tail exhaust outlet 33 discharges and penetrates gets into dilution gas and introduces pipeline 6.
The exhaust outlet 33 of the inner housing 31 is located in the first cavity 71 and faces the diluent gas inlet line 6, which simplifies the exhaust line and facilitates the sampling exhaust gas from the gas-liquid separator 3 to enter the diluent gas inlet line 6.
The hydrogen concentration sensor 4 is a non-heating hydrogen concentration sensor, and materials are easy to obtain.
The bottom of the injection nozzle 54 has a wide inlet and the top of the injection nozzle has a narrow outlet, so that the injection effect is better.
The air inlet 72 formed at one side of the housing 7 is formed in a horn shape to suck a large amount of air.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 6, a fuel cell includes a stack module, an electrical control assembly, a hydrogen gas path system, a cooling loop system, and an air gas path system, where the stack module is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cells from bottom to top, and the hydrogen gas path system includes a hydrogen inlet valve assembly, a hydrogen gas circulation assembly, and a purge valve; the air path system comprises an air compressor, an air cooler and a humidifier; the outlet of the air path system is provided with the hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device at the tail exhaust of the fuel cell.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention are equivalent replacement modes, and are all included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device is characterized in that: including gas mixing draws and penetrates dilution unit, wherein: the gas mixing draws penetrates dilution unit draws the leading-in pipeline including drawing the three-way pipe and the diluent gas, draw the main entrance connection tail row main line's of three-way pipe upper reaches section, draw the branch entry connection diluent gas of three-way pipe and draw the one end of leading-in pipeline, draw the exit linkage tail row main line's of three-way pipe lower reaches section, set up the injection nozzle in the handing-over department of main entrance and branch entry, the effect through the injection nozzle makes branch entrance form the negative pressure, make outside cold air get into the effect that the tail row main line reached the dilution through the diluent gas leading-in pipeline.
2. The fuel cell tail-gas exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include hydrogen concentration detecting element, hydrogen concentration detecting element include that the tail arranges main line, sampling branch pipeline, vapour and liquid separator and hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein the entry linkage of sampling branch pipeline arrange the upper reaches section of main line at the tail, vapour and liquid separator include interior casing, set up the cavity in the interior casing, set up tail exhaust outlet, tail exhaust inlet pipe and comdenstion water outlet pipe on the interior casing, tail exhaust outlet, tail exhaust inlet pipe and comdenstion water outlet pipe all communicate with the cavity, the exit linkage vapour and liquid separator's of sampling branch pipeline tail exhaust inlet pipe, installation hydrogen concentration sensor on vapour and liquid separator.
3. The fuel cell tail-gas exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the other end of the diluent gas introducing pipeline is connected with a shell, a first cavity is arranged in the shell, an air inlet is formed in one side of the shell, the diluent gas introducing pipeline, the air inlet and the first cavity are communicated, an inner shell of the gas-liquid separator is installed in the first cavity, and a flow channel is further arranged between the inner shell and the shell so that external cold air can enter the diluent gas introducing pipeline.
4. The fuel cell tail-gas exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surface of the inner shell of the gas-liquid separator is provided with heat dissipation teeth, and when external cold air enters and blows on the heat dissipation teeth, the gas-liquid separator is cooled to form primary cooling.
5. The fuel cell tail-gas exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the sampling branch pipeline is smaller than that of the tail exhaust main pipeline, the length of the sampling branch pipeline is at least 0.8 m, and the sampling branch pipeline is made of metal materials, so that high-temperature gas is greatly cooled through heat exchange with room temperature before entering the hydrogen concentration detection unit, and secondary cooling is formed.
6. The fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: a tail exhaust outlet on the inner shell is positioned in the first cavity and faces the dilution gas introduction pipeline.
7. The fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the hydrogen concentration sensor is a non-heating hydrogen concentration sensor.
8. The fuel cell tail gas hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the bottom inlet of the injection nozzle is wide, and the top outlet is narrow.
9. The fuel cell tail-gas exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: one side of the shell is provided with an air inlet which is in a horn shape.
10. A fuel cell comprises an electric pile module, an electric control assembly, a hydrogen gas path system, a cooling loop system and an air path system, wherein the electric pile module is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cell monomers from bottom to top; the air path system comprises an air compressor, an air cooler and a humidifier; the method is characterized in that: the fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is installed at the outlet of the air path system.
CN202020101944.9U 2020-01-17 2020-01-17 Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell Active CN211530092U (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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CN202020101944.9U CN211530092U (en) 2020-01-17 2020-01-17 Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell
PCT/CN2020/112382 WO2021143149A1 (en) 2020-01-17 2020-08-31 Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell

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CN202020101944.9U CN211530092U (en) 2020-01-17 2020-01-17 Fuel cell tail exhaust hydrogen concentration detection and mixing dilution device and fuel cell

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113578089A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-11-02 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell automobile exhaust mixing system and control method thereof
CN114199498A (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-03-18 上海凌逐新能源科技有限公司 Wind tunnel type hydrogen separator for fuel cell environmental chamber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113578089A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-11-02 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell automobile exhaust mixing system and control method thereof
CN114199498A (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-03-18 上海凌逐新能源科技有限公司 Wind tunnel type hydrogen separator for fuel cell environmental chamber
CN114199498B (en) * 2021-10-25 2024-01-30 上海凌逐新能源科技有限公司 Hydrogen separator for environmental chamber of wind tunnel type fuel cell

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