CN211428100U - Circuit protection device - Google Patents
Circuit protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211428100U CN211428100U CN201790001633.1U CN201790001633U CN211428100U CN 211428100 U CN211428100 U CN 211428100U CN 201790001633 U CN201790001633 U CN 201790001633U CN 211428100 U CN211428100 U CN 211428100U
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- protection device
- circuit
- circuit protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
- H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
- H02H3/334—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial unbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/38—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
- H01H33/161—Variable impedances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
- H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
- H01H83/04—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents with testing means for indicating the ability of the switch or relay to function properly
Abstract
The utility model discloses a circuit protection device (100) for in circuit. The circuit protection device (100) includes an electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) to prevent overvoltage and a power parameter sensing device (106) connected to the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) to prevent surge voltage. The power parameter sensing device (106) is connected to the circuitry of the power failure detection and isolation device (104) without interrupting the normal operation of the power failure detection and isolation device (104). A power parameter sensing device (106) electrically connected to the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) is activated during the surge voltage, absorbs voltage spikes and activates a trip relay associated with the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) to protect the circuit and its connected equipment from the overvoltage and surge voltages.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a circuit protection device, more specifically relates to an overload voltage and surge protection device of circuit.
Background
An overload voltage condition occurs when the voltage at a particular appliance installation site is above a preset limit. When this occurs, the area is exposed to an overload voltage condition. Since both electronic and electrical devices are designed to operate at rated voltages, voltages higher than the rated voltage can cause considerable damage. Surge voltages or voltage spikes are short-term electrical transients of voltages or voltage spikes in a circuit. These short-term electrical transients or overload voltages in the electrical circuit are typically caused by lightning strikes, power outages, circuit breaker trips, short circuits, power distribution equipment failures, and the like.
Therefore, it is necessary to protect electrical installation areas from overload and surge voltages to minimize the risk of damage to equipment connected to the electrical circuit. The related art overload voltage protection apparatus and the surge voltage protection apparatus include a voltage sensor that measures a voltage of an electrical installation area and supplies the measured voltage to a comparison circuit. The comparison circuit compares the measured voltage with a predefined overvoltage. In the case of a surge voltage, the surge voltage protection device is activated when a voltage spike is received. When a predetermined overload or surge voltage condition is detected, the comparison circuit issues a trip command to energize an electromechanical trip coil of the circuit breaker to actuate a trip mechanism of the circuit breaker. The trip coil or parallel coil is often an optional component of the circuit breaker. Smaller circuit breakers, particularly single phase circuit breakers, do not add the option of parallel coils. When a trip mechanism is added to such a circuit breaker, additional installation and wiring is required.
Existing electrical protection devices, such as RCCB (residual current circuit breaker), MCB (miniature circuit breaker), MCCB (molded case circuit breaker), disconnector, etc., can be used to isolate circuits or to cut off the power supply of equipment connected to circuits. MCB and MCB trip only when the load has an overload current caused by a short circuit or overload. The disconnector does not trip and needs to be manually turned to the off position. The purpose of the design of residual current circuit breakers is to protect personnel and equipment from dangerous residual currents and should be tripped in the event of a residual current between half the rated residual current and the rated residual current. In addition, a Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) should have a test facility for various functional tests. The test facility typically includes a test resistor and a test button, the operation of which can close the test circuit, thereby producing a simulated residual current from one conductor to the other through the core balancing current transformer. If the RCCB functions properly, it will be triggered and the short circuit of the RCCB will cut the conductors of the protected network.
European patent EP1220410a2 entitled "residual current circuit breaker overvoltage protection accessory device" discloses an accessory device for protection against permanent overvoltages in low-voltage distribution lines. The accessory device is connected to the RCCB and includes a pair of electrical contacts including a fixed contact and a movable contact, the movable contact being separated from the fixed contact, and is adapted to generate one or more sense signals during an opening operation of the RCCB and the sensor device, the sense signals indicating the presence of an unbalanced current between a phase conductor and/or a neutral conductor of the distribution line and a release device coupled to the sensor device, the release device being operatively connected to the movable contact to separate the movable contact from the fixed contact upon activation of the sensor device. The accessory device includes first electronic means adapted to generate an electrical intervention signal when the voltage value of the distribution line exceeds a first preset threshold. The electrical intervention signal is adapted to determine an opening operation of the RCCB and thus an interruption of the distribution line.
US patent US 5675468 entitled "apparatus and method for protecting equipment from electrical surges" discloses an apparatus and method for protecting equipment from non "ground-centric" electrical surges. The protection circuit in this patent comprises at least two input terminals; two fuses connected in series respectively; a triac activated by an overload current and mounted at an output of said fuse; an overcurrent sensor connected in series between one of said fuses and an output terminal to activate said triac; and a static potential limiter activated by the overload voltage and connected between the triac and the ground terminal. Each fuse should be rated appropriately to blow before the activated triac or the activated static potential limiter of the protection circuit is destroyed.
European patent EP0373676a2 "overvoltage protection device" discloses an overvoltage protection device comprising zener diodes, varistors, gas arresters or other components whose impedance decreases with a given voltage, connected in series and/or in parallel, one terminal of which is applied to the output lead of a differential circuit breaker associated with the receiver power supply and the other terminal is applied to the other lead before input to the differential circuit breaker, creating a discharge current shunt to the other lead. The device is suitable for protecting the electronic receiver which needs voltage spike sensing and a unified power supply.
The existing protection devices can protect the circuit and the connected electrical equipment from the overvoltage or surge voltage, and cannot be effectively used for protecting the circuit and the connected electrical equipment from the overvoltage or surge voltage or a very short-time voltage spike. It would therefore be desirable to have a circuit protection device that can protect electrical devices from over-voltages and surge voltages without requiring any additional electrical wiring to the electrical device area, thereby resulting in additional expense or interruption of power supply during implementation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model relates to a circuit protection device for in circuit. The circuit protection device includes an electrical fault detection and isolation device for preventing overvoltage and overcurrent, and electrical parameters such as voltage and current sensing devices connected to the electrical fault detection and isolation device for preventing overvoltage and overcurrent. The electrical parameter sensing device is connected to the electrical circuit of the electrical fault detection and isolation device without interfering with the proper operation of the electrical fault detection and isolation device, such as an overvoltage, overcurrent, leakage current, or ground fault protection device. The power parameter sensing device, which is electrically connected to the electrical fault detection and isolation device, is activated during overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage or surge current, absorbs voltage spikes, surge current, etc., and activates a trip relay associated with the electrical fault detection and isolation device, protecting the circuit and connected equipment from the overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge current. The circuit protection device is compact in structure, convenient to carry and capable of being manually reset, and can protect a circuit and connected equipment from influences of accidental overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge current. The circuit protection device does not need to modify the existing circuit device. Furthermore, existing circuit protection devices can be manufactured by modifying existing RCCBs (residual current circuit breakers) or RCDs (residual current devices) and can be used as protection devices to protect any device or equipment, whether electrical or electronic, from any voltage and voltage surges/spikes that may be catastrophic to any electronic equipment.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a circuit protection device for protecting at least one circuit and a plurality of devices connected to the circuit, comprising:
at least one electrical fault detection and isolation device (104);
at least one power parameter sensing device (106) connected to the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104);
characterized in that the electrical parameter sensing device (106) protects at least one electrical circuit connected to the circuit protection device (100) against accidental overvoltages, overcurrents, surge voltages and surge currents;
the power parameter sensing device (106) comprises at least one voltage sensing device and/or at least one current sensing device for absorbing over-voltages and over-currents through the at least one electrical circuit.
The circuit protection device is firm, reusable, economical and almost non-destructive, can be mounted on the existing Distribution Box (DB), and can replace the existing RCCB. The circuit protection device is provided with a test button for periodically checking whether the trip mechanism is operating normally. The circuit protection device can be used in residential and commercial entities to replace the standard RCCB existing in the DB. Furthermore, the present circuit protection device can be installed indoors or outdoors as a stand-alone unit, as an external connection module with plug and socket accessories at each recommended power point not contacting the DB, can be installed in areas susceptible to lightning strikes, and can use standard conventional single or multi-wire telephone lines, wherein the voltage sensing device is modified to accommodate the lower operational trigger voltage. The circuit protection device is connected to a filtering element or elements such as, but not limited to, low value capacitors or rectifiers or a combination of both to filter out interfering voltages to reduce unwanted tripping.
Other objects and advantages of the embodiments herein will become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of components of a circuit protection device for providing overvoltage and surge voltage protection in a circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2b shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2c shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device with a rectangular ferrite core according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2d shows an alternative circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device with a rectangular ferrite core according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3a and 3b show circuit arrangements of the present circuit protection device with a straight wire as the main energizing device, according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4a shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device with a circular ferrite core for a multi-phase circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4b shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device with rectangular ferrite cores for a polyphase circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments which may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the embodiments, and it is to be understood that logical and other changes may be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.
Electrical faults in the circuit may be caused by over-currents, over-voltages, surge currents, surge voltages, and leakage currents caused by ground faults and the like. These electrical failures can be catastrophic to the equipment connected to the circuit. Overvoltage in the circuit can be caused by a variety of causes, including overvoltage caused by external factors, such as, but not limited to, direct lightning strikes, electromagnetically induced overvoltage caused by lightning discharge occurring in the vicinity of the line, known as "side strikes," voltage due to atmospheric variations along the length of the line, electrostatically induced voltage due to nearby charged clouds, electrostatically induced overvoltage due to the frictional effect of small particles of dust or dry snow in the atmosphere, or due to variations in the height of the line; and internal overvoltages, such as caused by changes in power system operating conditions, or by high frequency switching overvoltages or over-voltage transients, and by other faults in the power distribution system. Overvoltages in the power system may also be caused by a distribution transformer failure of the power station, resulting in uncontrolled voltage regulation or fluctuations. These voltage fluctuations may be undervoltages or overvoltages or voltage surges. Voltage spikes on the order of milliseconds and above 1000V are mainly caused by nearby lightning strikes and are due to the induced or direct voltage across the wire of the highly charged atmosphere in which the lightning strikes are located. Voltage spikes or transients, known as interference voltages, can also be caused by inductive loads, such as motors, welding sets, etc., in which the magnetic field collapse due to switching generates an electromotive force (electromagnetic field) resulting in voltage spikes. In order to completely protect the electrical equipment connected to the circuit, it should be protected from overvoltage and surge voltages of voltage spikes.
Overcurrent in a circuit is caused by the current exceeding the safe rating of the circuit or the device connected to the circuit. The overcurrent may be caused by an overload, a short circuit or a ground fault. Surge currents are also generated in power distribution systems due to lightning strikes and other faults in the power distribution system. In addition, overvoltage, overcurrent, surge voltage and surge current are caused by a number of external factors, including at least one fault in an electrical circuit, at least one fault in equipment connected to the electrical circuit, and a number of external factors including lightning, power distribution equipment faults. Presently, distribution line protection includes overvoltage, overcurrent, inrush current and surge voltage protection, the protection devices of which include, but are not limited to, isolators, MCBs (micro circuit breakers) or MCCBs, RCDs (residual current devices) or RCCBs (residual current device current breakers), combinations of MCBs and RCDs, also known as RCBOs (residual current device with overload), which include a safety switch with a circuit breaker providing electrical protection, ELCBs (residual current circuit breakers) and other overvoltage, overcurrent, inrush current and surge voltage protection devices. Customers need to install one or more devices at their ends to effectively protect circuits and related electrical equipment from over-voltages, surge-voltages, over-currents and surge-currents.
The utility model provides a circuit protection device (100) for protect at least one circuit and be connected to a plurality of equipment of this circuit. An existing circuit protection device (100) for use in an electrical circuit includes a rigid, non-conductive and optionally durable housing (102), an electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) and electrical parameters, such as electrical parameters including voltage and current sensing devices (106), on which the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) is mounted. Power parameters, such as voltage and current sensing devices (106), protect the circuit from accidental overvoltages, overcurrents, surge voltages and surge currents. Fig. 1 shows a block diagram illustrating components of the present circuit protection device (100) according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Certain embodiments of the present invention further illustrate the use of the present circuit protection device (100) as a surge voltage protection device to provide overvoltage and surge voltage protection in a circuit. The circuit protection device (100) is a compact, easily portable and manually resettable device capable of protecting circuits and connected equipment from accidental over-voltages, over-currents, surge voltages and surge currents. The present circuit protection device (100) does not require modification to existing circuit installations. Furthermore, the present circuit protection device (100) may be manufactured by modifying an existing RCCB (residual current circuit breaker) or RCD (residual current device) and may be used as a protection device to protect any device or equipment, whether electrical or electronic, any overvoltage, voltage surge/spike overcurrent and inrush current, and other electrical faults that may be catastrophic to any electrical equipment connected to the circuit.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the present circuit protection device (100) may be provided as an auxiliary device to prevent permanent overvoltages in low and medium voltage distribution lines. The present circuit protection device (100) may be coupled to other electrical protection devices such as, but not limited to, isolators, ELCBs, MCBs, MCCBs, and other overvoltage protection devices. The present circuit protection device (100) has 2 fixed contacts and 2 movable contacts for a single phase circuit, and is durable even after multiple operations of the device (100). Fig. 2a to 2d show schematic diagrams of the present circuit protection device (100) according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. The present circuit protection device (100) may include a rigid housing portion (102), in which case the rigid housing portion may provide one or more input terminals for receiving power from a power cord and output terminals for providing power to a connected electrical device. The circuit protection device (100) further includes an electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) and an electrical parameter sensing device (106). As shown in fig. 2 a-2 d, the power parameter sensing device (106) may be installed with the power fault detection and isolation device (104). According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power parameter sensing device (106) is connected to the circuitry of the power failure detection and isolation device (104) without interrupting the normal operation of the power failure detection and isolation device (104). The power parameter sensing device (106) is electrically connected to the power fault detection and isolation device (104) to protect the circuitry and electrical equipment on the same circuit from over-voltage and surge voltages.
Fig. 2a shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device (100) according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The circuit arrangement of the circuit protection device (100) shows an incoming power supply connected to an electrical fault detection and isolation device (104), a power parameter sensing device (106) connected to the live line of the incoming power supply, and a load to prevent circuit voltage spikes. The input terminal of the electrical fault detection isolation device (104) is connected to the power supply input and the output terminal of the electrical fault detection isolation device (104) is connected to the load circuit, as shown in fig. 2 a. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrical parameter sensing device (106) is a voltage and current sensing device, such as a metal oxide varistor, capable of absorbing sudden voltage spikes or surge voltages without damaging equipment connected to the load circuit. In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) is selected from the group consisting of RCCB, RCB, ELCB, MCB, MCCB and other overvoltage protection devices; an electrical parameter sensing device (106), such as a voltage sensing device, a current sensing device, or a voltage current sensing device, is connected between the live line of the input power source and the load line of the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) to protect electrical equipment connected to the load circuit from voltage spikes. The power parameter sensing device (106) operates in the form of a surge voltage absorbing device that conducts and prevents voltage spikes in the power system during normal operating voltages. Thus, the combination of the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) and the electrical parameter sensing device (106) in the present device (100) effectively protects the circuit from over-voltages and surge voltages.
In one embodiment, the power parameter sensing device (106) is connected between the input terminal and the output terminal (N) of the line (L), thereby protecting the load and any circuitry connected to the load from any spikes (106) detected by the power parameter sensing device directly starting from the input terminal (L) shown in fig. 2 a.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) of the circuit protection device (100) is a conventional RCCB (residual current circuit breaker) or RCD (residual current device) for protection to protect any electrical or electronic equipment or device from any leakage current. The phase (line) and neutral lines of single and multi-phase circuits are connected by RCDs or RCCBs to protect any electrical or electronic equipment or devices from any leakage current, which trips the circuit when there is a ground fault current. Any mismatch between the two currents flowing through the phase and neutral points, as detected by the RCD, will trip the circuit. In the present circuit protection device (100), a power parameter sensing device (106) or a surge absorbing device, such as a voltage and current sensing device including a metal oxide varistor, is capable of absorbing any transient voltage spikes in the power line. The electrical parameter sensing device (106) is an electronic component whose resistance varies with applied voltage. The electrical parameter sensing device (106) has a non-linear, non-ohmic current-voltage characteristic similar to a diode, while the electrical parameter sensing device (106) has the same characteristic for both cross-over current directions. At low voltages, the electrical parameter sensing device (106) has a high resistance that decreases with increasing voltage. A power parameter sensing device (106) connected between the inlet and load lines acts as an isolator to protect the circuit from excessive transient voltages and does not interfere with fault detection of the circuit and normal operation of the isolation device (104) at normal operating voltages, such as RCCB. Voltage and current sensing devices, such as voltage sensing devices, current sensing devices, or electrical parameter sensing devices (106), work well at brief moments of voltage spikes. The present electrical fault detection and isolation apparatus (104) does not require that the surge arrestors that the circuit protection device (100) is operating properly be grounded.
The electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) of the circuit protection device (100) is an RCCB that is capable of conducting normally when the actual input current and the actual output current of the equipment are equal. When a device experiences insulation breakdown and leaks to ground, the actual current into and out of the device becomes unequal or slightly different. The difference in current between the two primary coils wound around a toroidal, circular or rectangular ferrite core creates a magnetic field, thereby inducing a current on the other secondary coil and activating a current relay and triggering the trip mechanism or electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) of the RCCB. In addition, when a lightning strike causes a power line voltage spike, the RCCB or trip mechanism of the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) trips, and the voltage rises due to a live or unbalanced current between the phase and neutral lines of the incoming power line, thereby causing some equipment to temporarily leak current to earth ground.
The utility model discloses a circuit protection device (100) has combined electric fault detection and isolating device (104) and has surge voltage protection or the best characteristic of the electric power parameter sensing device (106) of absorptive capacity, as surge protection circuit work circuit breaker. The circuit protection device (100) may be designed to operate at any desired voltage, including low to medium voltages, such as, but not limited to, 240V AC, 415V AC, and the like. Fig. 2c and 2d show the present circuit protection device (100) with a rectangular ferrite core and a primary coil, coil a and coil b and a trip coil c wound around the rectangular ferrite core according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. The electrical connections of the electrical parameter sensing device (106) are similar to the circuit protection device (100) having a toroidal core configuration. The power parameter sensing device (106) in the circuit protection device (100) employs a single electrical component, i.e., a voltage and current sensing device. The voltage/current sensing device (106) is selected according to the rated voltage required by the circuit and inserted into the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) or the residual current circuit breaker. During normal operation, the normal function of the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) or residual current circuit breaker is not impaired, i.e. the trip mechanism will activate and cut off the power supply to the apparatus if there is a leakage current. The leakage current causes the two primary coils, coil a and coil B, to detect a current imbalance, thereby creating an electromagnetic field around the toroidal or square ferrite core that causes the pick-up secondary coil, coil C, to be induced by the current, triggering the trip relay coil D. When the trip relay is activated, the two pairs of electrical contacts on one side of the power line L (live phase) and the neutral line N (neutral line), two fixed (T1, T3) and two movable (T2, T4) will spring up, opening the contacts and disconnecting the load circuit and the connected equipment. Under normal operating voltages, the power parameter sensing device (106) will be inactive.
If a voltage spike, in seconds, reaches the input power terminal of the circuit protection device (100), the power parameter sensing device (106) will be in an active state, i.e., in a conductive state, and perform its primary function of conducting a surge voltage while activating the trip relay. The power parameter sensing device (106) absorbs any voltage peaks above its specified rating. This in turn will protect equipment connected to the load side of the apparatus (100). With the present circuit protection device (100), poor or improper grounding does not cause any serious problems to the normal operating conditions of the equipment or surge protection circuit breaker (100). When the power parameter sensing device (106) detects a voltage spike above its specified rating, it begins conducting and creates a current imbalance between a first primary coil (coil a) connected by terminals 1 and 2 and a second primary coil (coil B) connected by terminals 3 and 4, where coils a and B are counter-wound on a toroidal or circular or rectangular ferrite core.
According to one embodiment of the present circuit protection device (100), as shown in fig. 2a and 2B, a power parameter sensing device (106) is connected to a power fault detection and isolation device (104), with one end connected to position 1 of coil a and the other end connected to position 4 of coil B. Similarly, in some other embodiments, as shown in fig. 2c and 2d, the electrical power parameter sensing device (106) is connected to coil a at position 3 and to coil B at position 2 at the other end. When a surge voltage above the threshold voltage level of the power parameter sensing device (106) is detected, the power parameter sensing device (106) begins to conduct, which will create a current imbalance between the two primary coils a and B. In the position 1 and 4 configurations shown in fig. 2a and 2B, coil a shows a higher current relative to coil B; in the position 2 and 3 configurations, coil B shows a higher current relative to coil a, as shown in fig. 2c and 2 d. The current difference between the two primary coils creates a small magnetic field by electromagnetic induction around the ferrite core. A small current is generated across the single secondary coil C at terminals No. 5 and No. 6 in parallel with the trip current relay D coil. The induced current then activates coil D, releases the magnetizing lever, and triggers the mechanism to simultaneously open electrical contacts T1-T2 and T3-T4. The power supply to the circuit is then momentarily interrupted and the equipment connected to the load circuit is protected. A surge protection circuit breaker, i.e., a circuit protection device (100), may be manually reset after tripping to continue supplying power to a load circuit. In some other embodiments, the circuit protection device (100) has an automatic reset feature and is connected to the load circuit after a short delay.
In some cases, the present circuit protection device (100) protects electrical equipment connected to a load circuit from slowly rising voltages and voltage surges. When a slowly rising voltage is present, the voltage reaches a certain threshold voltage level, for example between 280V and 285V AC, the power parameter sensing device (106) becomes active and operates the trip mechanism to cut off power as if there were a voltage spike. The present circuit protection device (100), i.e. surge protection circuit breakers, slow rise voltages and trips in case of voltage surges, the power supply will be interrupted and the equipment will be over-voltage protected. The circuit protection device (100) may be manually reset after tripping to continue to supply power to the load circuit. In some other embodiments, the circuit protection device (100) has an automatic reset feature and is connected to the load circuit after a short delay. The circuit protection device (100) can be manually reset at any time once the circuit protection device (100) trips due to current leakage, voltage spikes, or over-voltages. If an over-voltage or spike persists, an electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) or mechanism within the circuit breaker will trigger immediate disconnection of the power supply to the equipment by opening the contacts.
In one embodiment, the power parameter sensing device (106) is connected between the input terminal and the output terminal (L) of the neutral point (N), thereby protecting the load and any circuitry connected to the load from any spike voltage detected by the power parameter sensing device (106) directly from the input terminal (N), as shown in fig. 2 c.
Fig. 3a and 3b show circuit arrangements of the present circuit protection device (100) with primary straight or linear conductors according to alternative embodiments of the present invention. In the present embodiment of the invention, the straight conductor passes through a ferrite core of rectangular, toroidal or any other desired shape. A trip coil associated with the trip relay is wound around the ferrite core, and the ferrite core activates and isolates the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) when an overvoltage is present in the circuit. As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, the power parameter sensing device (106) is connected by a pair of primary straight lines. When there is a surge voltage for a short time, the power parameter sensing device (106) conducts and activates the trip relay to open the circuit and protect the electrical equipment connected to the existing circuit protection device (100). Thus, the circuit protection device (100) of the present invention can be used for different configurations of ferrite core shapes, coil sizes, and coil types, including toroidal coils, single loops, straight lines, and the like.
Fig. 4a shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device with a circular ferrite core for a multi-phase circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4b shows a circuit arrangement of the present circuit protection device with rectangular ferrite cores for a polyphase circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. The utility model discloses a circuit protection device (100) for three-phase circuit's operation method is similar to single-phase circuit operation. A circuit protection device (100) for a three-phase circuit may be provided as an accessory device for protecting against permanent overvoltage or overcurrent or surge voltage or surge current in low and medium voltage distribution lines. The present circuit protection device (100) may be coupled to other electrical protection devices such as, but not limited to, isolators, ELCBs, MCBs, MCCBs, and other overvoltage protection devices. The present circuit protection device (100) for a three-phase circuit has 4 fixed contacts and 4 movable contacts and is durable even after multiple operations of the device (100).
In some other embodiments, the present circuit protection device (100) has a plurality of fixed and movable contacts depending on the number of phases, which can be used for multi-phase circuits.
The circuit protection device (100) is firm, reusable, economical, almost non-destructive, and can be installed on the existing Distribution Box (DB) to replace the existing RCCB. The circuit protection device (100) is provided with a test button for periodically checking whether the trip mechanism is operating properly. The circuit protection device (100) may be used in residential and commercial entities to replace the standard RCCB existing in the DB. Furthermore, the present circuit protection device (100) can be installed indoors or outdoors as a stand-alone unit, as an external connection module with plug and socket accessories at each recommended power point not touching DB, can be installed in areas susceptible to lightning strikes, and can use standard conventional single or multi-wire telephone lines, wherein the voltage sensing device (106) is modified to accommodate lower operational trigger voltages. In some other embodiments, the present circuit protection device (100) may be used as a stand-alone unit, as an external connection module or part or device, mounted outside the housing of the DB. Furthermore, the present circuit protection device (100) may also be installed in a three-phase (415V AC or 220V AC) or single-phase (110V AC) circuit. In some other embodiments, the present circuit protection device (100) is connected with a filtering element or a combination such as, but not limited to, a low value capacitor or rectifier or both to filter out interference voltages to reduce unwanted tripping. In some other embodiments, the present circuit protection device (100) is equipped with an automatic electric or solenoid valve driven automatic reset unit with appropriate electronic control and dedicated rechargeable battery backup power supply. The circuit protection device (100) automatically energizes after a certain delay once tripped. In some other embodiments, the present circuit protection device (100) alarms when activated during a trip and automatically resets after a short time. In yet another embodiment, the present circuit protection device (100) has a small battery power backup for the reset device and is operable as a stand-alone power device isolated from the main power source. Furthermore, in some other embodiments, the present circuit protection device (100) has a visual indication device, such as a led notification light or lcd display of one or more colors, to indicate the operating status of the device (100).
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the scope of the appended claims.
While the embodiments herein have been described in terms of various specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced with modification. However, all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the claims.
Claims (19)
1. A circuit protection device for protecting at least one circuit and a plurality of devices connected to the circuit, comprising:
at least one electrical fault detection and isolation device (104);
at least one power parameter sensing device (106) connected to the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104);
characterized in that the electrical parameter sensing device (106) protects at least one electrical circuit connected to the circuit protection device (100) against accidental overvoltages, overcurrents, surge voltages and surge currents;
the power parameter sensing device (106) comprises at least one voltage sensing device and/or at least one current sensing device for absorbing over-voltages and over-currents through the at least one electrical circuit.
2. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) comprises at least one of an overvoltage protection device, an overcurrent protection device, and a leakage current protection device.
3. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the power parameter sensing device (106) is operable without interfering with normal operation of the power fault detection and isolation device (104);
a power parameter sensing device (106) connected to input and output terminals of the power fault detection and isolation device (104) to absorb surge voltages;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the at least one electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) comprises an over-current protection device, the power parameter sensing device (106) being connected to an input terminal of the over-current protection device to absorb an inrush current.
4. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the circuit protection device (100) comprises at least one input terminal and at least one output terminal.
5. The circuit protection device (100) according to claim 4, wherein at least one input power line is connected to at least one input terminal, wherein at least one output terminal is connected to a load circuit comprising one or more electrical apparatuses.
6. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 3, wherein the power parameter sensing device (106) conducts electricity to activate a trip relay associated with the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) to isolate a load circuit connected to the output terminals of the circuit protection device (100) and to protect electrical equipment connected to the output terminals from a surge voltage.
7. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 3, wherein the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) comprises an overcurrent protection device, and the power parameter sensing device (106) conducts to activate a trip relay associated with an overcurrent to isolate a load circuit connected to the output terminals of the circuit protection device (100) and to protect electrical equipment connected to the output terminals from an inrush current.
8. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the voltage sensing device of the power parameter sensing device (106) conducts electricity to activate at least one trip relay associated with the power fault detection and isolation device (104), wherein activating the trip relay associated with the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) isolates a load circuit connected to the output terminals of the circuit protection device (100) and protects electrical equipment connected to the output terminals.
9. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the current sensing device of the power parameter sensing device (106) conducts electricity to activate at least one trip relay associated with an overcurrent protection device included within the power fault detection and isolation device (104); wherein activating a trip relay associated with the overcurrent protection device isolates a load circuit connected to the output terminals of the circuit protection device (100) and protects electrical equipment connected to the output terminals.
10. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) comprises at least one of a surge arrester, a lightning arrester capable of protecting a circuit from overvoltage or high surge currents triggered by a direct or indirect lightning strike, an RCCB, an RCD, an RCBO, an ELCB, and other overvoltage protection devices.
11. The circuit protection device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the overcurrent protection device comprises at least one of an MCB, an MCCB, an RCBO with integrated overcurrent protection, and other overcurrent protection devices.
12. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, comprising at least one manual reset button for resetting the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) upon detection of an over-voltage, over-current, in-rush voltage or in-rush current after the power parameter sensing device (106) triggers a trip.
13. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, including an automatic reset button for automatically resetting the electrical fault detection and isolation device (104) upon detection of an over-voltage, over-current, in-rush voltage or in-rush current after the power parameter sensing sensitive device (106) triggers a trip.
14. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, further comprising at least one audio visual indicator device, including an LED notification light and an LCD display, to indicate at least one operating condition of the circuit protection device (100).
15. The circuit protection device (100) according to claim 1, further comprising at least one filter element comprising a low value capacitor and a rectifier for filtering false overvoltage trips.
16. The circuit protection device (100) according to claim 1, further comprising at least one filtering element for filtering to avoid false over-current tripping.
17. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the power parameter sensing device (106) is connected between a live input terminal (L) and a neutral output terminal (N), wherein the power parameter sensing device (106) is configured to detect a spike voltage or current from the live input terminal (L).
18. The circuit protection device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the power parameter sensing device (106) is connected between a neutral input terminal (N) and a live output terminal (L), wherein the power parameter sensing device (106) is configured to detect a spike voltage or current from the neutral input terminal (N).
19. The circuit protection device (100) of claim 1, wherein the circuit protection device (100) is adapted as a three-phase circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN201711009781 | 2017-03-21 | ||
| IN201711009781 | 2017-03-21 | ||
| PCT/IN2017/050193 WO2018173066A1 (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-05-22 | An electric circuit protection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211428100U true CN211428100U (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201790001633.1U Active CN211428100U (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-05-22 | Circuit protection device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211428100U (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018173066A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112670774A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 刘磊 | Three-pin plug for protecting circuit |
| CN115223826A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-10-21 | 国网山东省电力公司桓台县供电公司 | Alarm device capable of identifying fault at fixed point due to voltage fluctuation |
| CN116825586A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 江苏安世朗智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent electricity utilization safety emergency protection circuit device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110379682A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-25 | 海格科技股份有限公司 | A kind of breaker of plastic casing |
| JP2022190533A (en) * | 2021-06-14 | 2022-12-26 | パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 | Leakage detection circuit, leakage detector, and distribution board |
| US11728641B2 (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2023-08-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | System and method for controlling and monitoring parallel surge arresters and bushings of a power transformer and motor |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9978553B2 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2018-05-22 | Wendell E Tomimbang | Apparatus, system and method for total protection from electrical faults |
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2017
- 2017-05-22 CN CN201790001633.1U patent/CN211428100U/en active Active
- 2017-05-22 WO PCT/IN2017/050193 patent/WO2018173066A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112670774A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 刘磊 | Three-pin plug for protecting circuit |
| CN112670774B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-10-14 | 东霖电子科技(湛江)有限公司 | Three-pin plug for protection circuit |
| CN115223826A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-10-21 | 国网山东省电力公司桓台县供电公司 | Alarm device capable of identifying fault at fixed point due to voltage fluctuation |
| CN115223826B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-03-10 | 国网山东省电力公司桓台县供电公司 | But alarm device of voltage fluctuation fixed point identification trouble |
| CN116825586A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 江苏安世朗智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent electricity utilization safety emergency protection circuit device and method |
| CN116825586B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-10-31 | 江苏安世朗智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent electricity utilization safety emergency protection circuit device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018173066A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
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