CN211390937U - Hybrid power driving system and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a hybrid drive system, including engine, primary shaft, stopper, planetary gear mechanism, clutch, first gear, second gear, secondary shaft, generator, third gear, fourth gear, third axle, fifth gear, fourth axle, driving motor, sixth gear and differential mechanism. The hybrid power driving system is simple in structure, has multiple working modes and is good in platform. The utility model also provides a vehicle that has this hybrid drive system.

Description

Hybrid power driving system and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a new forms of energy technical field, in particular to hybrid drive system and have this hybrid drive system's vehicle.

Background

The transmissions on the market at present mainly comprise a step transmission and a continuously variable transmission. Step-variable transmissions are subdivided into manual and automatic transmissions, most of which provide a limited number of discrete output-to-input speed ratios by different meshing arrangements of gear trains or planetary gear trains, with the speed of the drive wheels between two adjacent speed ratios being adjusted by the speed variation of the internal combustion engine. Continuously variable transmissions, whether mechanical, hydraulic or electromechanical, provide an infinite number of continuously selectable speed ratios over a range of speeds, and theoretically, the speed change of the drive wheels can be accomplished entirely through the transmission, so that the internal combustion engine can operate as far as possible within an optimum speed range. Compared with a step transmission, the stepless transmission has the advantages of stable speed regulation, full utilization of the maximum power of an internal combustion engine and the like, so that the stepless transmission is a subject of research of engineers in various countries for many years.

In recent years, the emergence of motor hybrid technology has opened up a new approach for achieving complete matching of power between an internal combustion engine and a power wheel. Among the many designs of the powertrain, the most representative are the series hybrid system and the parallel hybrid system. In the series hybrid system, the internal combustion engine, the generator, the motor, the shafting and the driving wheel form a series power chain, and the power assembly has extremely simple structure. Wherein the generator, motor combination can be considered as a transmission in the conventional sense. When used in conjunction with an energy storage device, such as a battery, capacitor, etc., the transmission may also function as an energy modulation device to accomplish independent speed and torque modulation.

The parallel hybrid system has two independent power chains in parallel. One is composed of a traditional mechanical speed changer, and the other is composed of a motor and a battery system. The mechanical transmission is responsible for adjusting the speed, and the motor and the battery system are responsible for adjusting the power or the torque. In order to fully develop the potential of the whole system, the mechanical transmission also needs to adopt a stepless speed change mode.

The advantage of series hybrid system lies in simple structure, and the overall arrangement is nimble, but all power passes through generator and motor, therefore the power requirement of motor is high, and is bulky, and weight is heavy. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the whole system is low because the energy transmission process is subjected to two times of conversion of electromechanics and motors. In the parallel hybrid system, only part of power passes through the motor system, so the power requirement on the motor is relatively low, and the efficiency of the whole system is high. However, the parallel hybrid system requires two independent subsystems, is expensive, and is usually only used for weak hybrid systems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides a hybrid drive system, its structure is simpler, has multiple mode, and the platformization is good.

The utility model provides a hybrid power driving system, which comprises an engine, a first shaft, a brake, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a first gear, a second shaft, a generator, a third gear, a fourth gear, a third shaft, a fifth gear, a fourth shaft, a driving motor, a sixth gear and a differential mechanism; wherein:

the engine is connected with the first shaft, the generator is connected with the second shaft, and the driving motor is connected with the fourth shaft;

the first gear is fixed on the first shaft, the second gear is fixed on the second shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear;

the planetary gear mechanism comprises a planet carrier, a sun gear, a planet gear and a gear ring, wherein the sun gear is sleeved on the first shaft in an empty manner, the gear ring is fixed on the first shaft, the brake is used for braking or unlocking the sun gear, and the clutch is used for combining or separating any two of the sun gear, the planet carrier and the gear ring;

the third gear is fixed on the third shaft and is meshed with the planet carrier;

the fourth gear is fixed on the third shaft, the fifth gear is fixed on the fourth shaft, one of the fifth gear and the sixth gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the other is meshed with the third gear;

the sixth gear is connected with the differential.

Further, the clutch is used to join or separate the carrier and the ring gear.

Further, the clutch is used to couple or decouple the sun gear and the ring gear.

Further, the clutch is used for combining or separating the sun gear and the planet carrier.

Further, the fifth gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the sixth gear is meshed with the third gear.

Further, the sixth gear is meshed with the fourth gear, and the fifth gear is meshed with the third gear.

Further, the first shaft is an output shaft of the engine, the second shaft is an output shaft of the generator, and the fourth shaft is an output shaft of the driving motor.

Further, the sixth gear is a differential gear.

Further, the hybrid power driving system has two engine direct-drive modes, two hybrid power modes, a single-motor pure electric mode and a series range extending mode.

The utility model also provides a vehicle, including foretell hybrid drive system.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a hybrid drive system mainly has following several advantages:

1. the driving system has a simple overall structure, can realize multiple working modes such as two engine direct-drive modes, two hybrid power modes, a single-motor pure electric mode, a series range extending mode, braking energy recovery, parking power generation and the like, and has strong flexibility;

2. in the switching process of each working mode, the driving motor participates in driving, and power interruption does not exist;

3. the driving system can cover HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) models and PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) models, and is good in platform.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2-3 are schematic diagrams of the drive system operating in an engine direct drive mode.

Fig. 4-5 are schematic diagrams of the drive system operating in a hybrid mode.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in a single motor drive mode.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in a series range extended mode.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the hybrid drive system includes an engine 1, a first shaft 2, a brake 3, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch 8, a first gear 9, a second gear 10, a second shaft 11, a generator 12, a third gear 13, a fourth gear 14, a third shaft 15, a fifth gear 16, a fourth shaft 17, a drive motor 18, a sixth gear 19, and a differential 20. Wherein the planetary gear comprises a planet carrier 4, a sun gear 5, a planet gear 6 and a ring gear 7.

The engine 1 is connected with the first shaft 2, the generator 12 is connected with the second shaft 11, and the driving motor 18 is connected with the fourth shaft 17. Specifically, the first shaft 2 is an output shaft of the engine 1, the second shaft 11 is an output shaft of the generator 12, and the fourth shaft 17 is an output shaft of the drive motor 18. The engine 1 may be a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, and the generator 12 and the driving motor 18 may be a driving and generating all-in-one machine.

The first gear 9 is fixed on the first shaft 2, the second gear 10 is fixed on the second shaft 11, and the second gear 10 is meshed with the first gear 9, i.e. the generator 12 is connected with the first shaft 2 through the second shaft 11, the second gear 10 and the first gear 9.

The sun gear 5 is sleeved on the first shaft 2 in an empty mode, the gear ring 7 is fixed on the first shaft 2, and the brake 3 is used for braking or unlocking the sun gear 5. When the brake 3 brakes the sun gear 5, the sun gear 5 is fixed against rotation about the first shaft 2; when the brake 3 unlocks the sun gear 5, the sun gear 5 can rotate about the first shaft 2.

In the present embodiment, the clutch 8 is used to join or separate the carrier 4 and the ring gear 7. When the clutch 8 is engaged, the planet carrier 4 and the ring gear 7 are locked together; when the clutch 8 is disengaged, the carrier 4 and the ring gear 7 are disengaged from each other.

The third gear 13 is fixed to the third shaft 15, and the third gear 13 meshes with the carrier 4.

The fourth gear 14 is fixed to the third shaft 15 and the fifth gear 16 is fixed to the fourth shaft 17, in this embodiment the fifth gear 16 is in mesh with the fourth gear 14 and the sixth gear 19 is in mesh with the third gear 13.

The sixth gear 19 is connected to a differential 20. Specifically, the sixth gear 19 is a differential gear.

Further, the hybrid drive system further includes a power battery (not shown), and the power battery is electrically connected to the generator 12 and the driving motor 18 respectively. The power battery may provide electric power for driving the generator 12 and the driving motor 18, and the electric power generated when the generator 12 and the driving motor 18 are driven to rotate may be stored in the power battery.

The driving system mainly comprises an engine 1, a generator 12, a driving motor 18, a brake 3, a clutch 8, a shaft gear system and the like. The brake 3 is used for braking a sun gear 5 of the planetary gear mechanism, and the planetary gear mechanism is equal to a fixed-shaft gear mechanism at the moment, so that fixed-speed-ratio transmission is realized; the clutch 8 is used for locking the planet carrier 4 and the ring gear 7 of the planetary gear mechanism, and speed ratio switching is achieved.

2-3 are schematic diagrams of the drive system operating in an engine direct drive mode.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first direct drive mode of the engine. At this time, the brake 3 is applied and the clutch 8 is disengaged. The power is finally transmitted to the wheel end by the engine 1, the first shaft 2, the ring gear 7, the planet gear 6, the planet carrier 4, the third gear 13, the sixth gear 19 and the differential 20.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second engine direct drive mode. At this time, the clutch 8 is engaged and the brake 3 is disengaged. The planet carrier 4 and the gear ring 7 in the planetary gear mechanism are locked into a whole, the planetary gear mechanism rotates integrally, and the speed ratio is 1. The power is terminated to the wheel end by the engine 1, the first shaft 2, the planetary gear mechanism (4, 5, 6, 7), the third gear 13, the sixth gear 19 and the differential 20.

Fig. 4-5 are schematic diagrams of the drive system operating in a hybrid mode.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of hybrid mode one. At this time, the brake 3 is applied and the clutch 8 is disengaged. This mode has a total of three power transmission paths. Path one: the power of the engine 1 is finally brought to the wheel end by the first shaft 2, the ring gear 7, the planet wheels 6, the planet carrier 4, the third gear 13, the sixth gear 19 and the differential 20. And a second route: the power of the generator 12 is finally passed to the wheel end via the secondary shaft 11, the second gear 10, the first gear 9, the first shaft 2, the ring gear 7, the planet wheels 6, the planet carrier 4, the third gear 13, the sixth gear 19 and the differential 20. Path three: the power of the drive motor 18 is finally passed to the wheel end via a fourth shaft 17, a fifth gear 16, a fourth gear 14, a third shaft 15, a third gear 13, a sixth gear 19 and a differential 20.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of hybrid mode two. At this time, the clutch 8 is engaged and the brake 3 is disengaged. The planet carrier 4 and the gear ring 7 in the planetary gear mechanism are locked into a whole, the planetary gear mechanism rotates integrally, and the speed ratio is 1. The second mode has three power transmission paths in total. Path one: the power of the engine 1 is finally taken to the wheel end via the first shaft 2, the planetary gear mechanism (4, 5, 6, 7), the third gear 13, the sixth gear 19 and the differential 20. And a second route: the power of the generator 12 is finally passed to the wheel end via the secondary shaft 11, the second gear 10, the first gear 9, the first shaft 2, the planetary gear (4, 5, 6, 7), the third gear 13, the sixth gear 19 and the differential 20. Path three: the power of the drive motor 18 is finally passed to the wheel end via a fourth shaft 17, a fifth gear 16, a fourth gear 14, a third shaft 15, a third gear 13, a sixth gear 19 and a differential 20.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in a single motor drive mode.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single motor drive mode. At this time, both the brake 3 and the clutch 8 are disengaged. The power of the drive motor 18 is finally passed to the wheel end via a fourth shaft 17, a fifth gear 16, a fourth gear 14, a third shaft 15, a third gear 13, a sixth gear 19 and a differential 20.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in a series range extended mode.

FIG. 7 is a schematic of the series range extension mode. At this time, both the brake 3 and the clutch 8 are disengaged. This mode has two power transmission paths in total. Path one: the power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the generator 12 via the first shaft 2, the first gear 9, the second gear 10, and the second shaft 11 to generate electricity, and the electric energy is stored in the power battery. And a second route: the power of the drive motor 18 is finally passed to the wheel end via a fourth shaft 17, a fifth gear 16, a fourth gear 14, a third shaft 15, a third gear 13, a sixth gear 19 and a differential 20.

In addition, when the automobile is braked, the driving motor 18 generates braking torque to brake the wheels, and induced current generated in a motor winding of the driving motor charges a battery, so that the recovery of braking energy is realized.

The driving system of the embodiment can realize multiple working modes of two engine direct-drive modes, two hybrid power modes, a single-motor pure electric mode, a series range extending mode, braking energy recovery, parking power generation and the like, and can automatically realize the switching of different modes according to the SOC (residual electric quantity) value of the power battery and the vehicle speed requirement. For example, the magnitude relation between the SOC value of the power battery and a first threshold value is judged, or the magnitude relation between the SOC value of the power battery and the first threshold value and the magnitude relation between the vehicle speed and a second threshold value are simultaneously judged; and switching the working mode of the hybrid power driving system according to the judgment result. It should be noted that the first threshold is used to determine the SOC value of the power battery, and the second threshold is used to determine the vehicle speed, and the embodiment does not limit the value ranges of the first threshold and the second threshold, and may be freely set according to a specific control strategy, and the values of the first threshold and the second threshold are different under different control strategies. After the first threshold value and the second threshold value are set, automatic judgment is carried out, and automatic switching is carried out among various modes according to the judgment result.

The various operating modes are embodied as follows in a table:

in the aspect of power regulation, the driving system can effectively supplement the driving power required by the power wheel through the power battery, so that the power of the internal combustion engine is more reasonably allocated, the working state of the engine is kept free from or less influenced by road conditions, and the engine can always work in a set optimal state, so that the efficiency of the whole vehicle is improved.

Therefore, the driving system has the following advantages:

1. the driving system has a simple overall structure, can realize multiple working modes such as two engine direct-drive modes, two hybrid power modes, a single-motor pure electric mode, a series range extending mode, braking energy recovery, parking power generation and the like, and has strong flexibility;

2. in the switching process of each mode, the driving motor participates in driving, and power interruption does not exist;

3. the driving system can cover HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) models and PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) models, and is good in platform.

Second embodiment

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 8, the hybrid drive system of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment described above, except that in the present embodiment, the sixth gear 19 meshes with the fourth gear 14, and the fifth gear 16 meshes with the third gear 13.

For other structures and operation modes of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.

Further, since the planetary gear mechanism has three rotating elements, namely the planet carrier 4, the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 7, and any two of the three rotating elements are arbitrarily locked, the realized functions are the same, which causes the planet row to integrally rotate, and the speed ratio is 1. Therefore, based on overall layout considerations and design requirements of the clutch 8, there are two ways of connecting the clutch 8, see the third and fourth embodiments, respectively.

Third embodiment

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid drive system of a third embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 9, the hybrid drive system of the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment described above, except that the clutch 8 is used to couple or decouple the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 7 in the present embodiment. When the clutch 8 is engaged, the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 7 are locked together; when the clutch 8 is disengaged, the sun gear 5 and the ring gear 7 are disengaged from each other.

For other structures and operation modes of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.

Fourth embodiment

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 10, the hybrid drive system of the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment described above, except that the clutch 8 is used to couple or decouple the sun gear 5 and the carrier 4 in the present embodiment. When the clutch 8 is engaged, the sun gear 5 and the planet carrier 4 are locked together; when the clutch 8 is disengaged, the sun gear 5 and the carrier 4 are disengaged from each other.

For other structures and operation modes of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment, which is not described herein again.

Further, the present invention also provides a vehicle including the hybrid drive system of any of the above embodiments.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A hybrid power drive system is characterized by comprising an engine (1), a first shaft (2), a brake (3), a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch (8), a first gear (9), a second gear (10), a second shaft (11), a generator (12), a third gear (13), a fourth gear (14), a third shaft (15), a fifth gear (16), a fourth shaft (17), a driving motor (18), a sixth gear (19) and a differential (20); wherein:

the engine (1) is connected with the first shaft (2), the generator (12) is connected with the second shaft (11), and the driving motor (18) is connected with the fourth shaft (17);

the first gear (9) is fixed on the first shaft (2), the second gear (10) is fixed on the second shaft (11), and the second gear (10) is meshed with the first gear (9);

the planetary gear mechanism comprises a planet carrier (4), a sun gear (5), a planet gear (6) and a gear ring (7), the sun gear (5) is sleeved on the first shaft (2) in an empty way, the gear ring (7) is fixed on the first shaft (2), the brake (3) is used for braking or unlocking the sun gear (5), and the clutch (8) is used for combining or separating the sun gear (5) and the gear ring (7) or combining or separating the sun gear (5) and the planet carrier (4);

the third gear (13) is fixed on the third shaft (15), and the third gear (13) is meshed with the planet carrier (4);

the fourth gear (14) is fixed on the third shaft (15), the fifth gear (16) is fixed on the fourth shaft (17), one of the fifth gear (16) and the sixth gear (19) is meshed with the fourth gear (14), and the other is meshed with the third gear (13);

the sixth gear (19) is connected to the differential (20).

2. Hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fifth gear (16) meshes with the fourth gear (14) and the sixth gear (19) meshes with the third gear (13).

3. Hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sixth gear (19) meshes with the fourth gear (14) and the fifth gear (16) meshes with the third gear (13).

4. A hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first shaft (2) is the output shaft of the engine (1), the second shaft (11) is the output shaft of the generator (12), and the fourth shaft (17) is the output shaft of the drive motor (18).

5. Hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterised in that the sixth gear wheel (19) is a differential gear wheel.

6. The hybrid drive system of claim 1 having two engine direct drive modes, two hybrid modes, a single motor electric only mode, and a series range extending mode.

7. A vehicle characterized by comprising the hybrid drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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