CN211372490U - Secondary air distribution coal-fired stove - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a secondary air distribution coal-fired stove, which comprises a base and a furnace body mounted above the base, a grate is arranged between the base and the furnace body, and a vertical stoker is arranged inside the furnace body for separating the internal space. The partition plate forms the pyrolysis chamber at the front and the cooking fire channel at the rear. The upper end of the partition plate is connected to the furnace body. There is a coal feeding port and a coal feeding door above the pyrolysis chamber, and a cooking port is provided above the cooking fire channel; the upper part of the cooking fire channel is provided with a secondary air chamber, and the secondary air chamber is located at the side of the cooking port. Below, and there is a gap between the two, a secondary air channel is arranged in the cooking fire channel, the lower end of the secondary air channel is connected to the base, and the upper end of the secondary air channel is connected to the secondary air chamber. It has the advantages of anti-burning and smoke elimination, and strong firepower for normal-burning cooking, and eliminates the defects of weak anti-burning cooking and more black-smoke when burning; the high-temperature area for secondary after-burning is designed to improve safety.

Description

A secondary air distribution coal-fired stove

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of cooking stoves, in particular to a secondary air distribution coal-burning stove.

Background technique

In my country's rural and suburban areas, there are still a large number of households that use relatively scattered coal-fired heating methods, which are not only inefficient and polluting, but also have an impact on the environment several times the proportion of their fuel consumption. At present, my country consumes a large amount of coal every year, of which the civil part is basically all incinerated in a decentralized manner, and no environmental protection measures such as dust removal and desulfurization are taken.

The combustion process of household coal-fired stoves is cyclical. In the early stage of combustion, air is easily insufficient, and the gas produced by coal pyrolysis and gasification cannot be fully burned, and a large number of toxic and combustible components are discharged with the flue gas, causing environmental pollution and energy loss; the coal seam in the later stage of combustion Thinning, excess air will reduce furnace temperature and heat transfer efficiency and increase exhaust heat loss. Some furnace types only improve the combustion efficiency of coal by means of high temperature oxygen enrichment, but will increase the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). In addition, increasing the combustion temperature will also increase the reverse reaction of desulfurization and reduce the desulfurization efficiency in the furnace.

Existing stoves are divided into two types, which are positive-firing and reverse-firing, among which positive-firing is the most common direct-firing method. When the solid fuel burns, the flame spreads along the natural flow direction of the hot flue gas. The advantage is that the combustion intensity is high and the firepower is strong, which can meet the cooking needs of users. of fuel. When the anti-burning solid fuel is burned, the flame spreads against the natural flow direction of the hot flue gas. The advantage is that it can delay the speed of volatilization analysis. The furnace temperature is high and the combustion is sufficient, which can basically eliminate black smoke. Low, weak firepower, not suitable for cooking, suitable for high volatile fuel such as bituminous coal.

At present, most household coal-fired stoves use the common burning principle. Air enters from the bottom of the stove and passes through the entire furnace. The combustion process is periodic. At the initial stage of combustion, air is easily insufficient, and the gas produced by coal pyrolysis and gasification cannot be fully burned. A large number of toxic and combustible components are discharged with the flue gas, causing environmental pollution and energy loss; the coal seam is thinned in the later stage of combustion, and the excess air will reduce the furnace temperature and heat transfer efficiency, and increase the heat loss of exhaust gas.

Therefore, how to provide a coal-fired stove that can overcome the above-mentioned defects is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a secondary air distribution coal-fired stove, a pyrolysis chamber and a cooking fire channel are arranged inside the furnace body, which carry out normal combustion and reverse combustion respectively, and have the advantages of both combustion methods and overcome the Defects in the prior art.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a secondary air distribution coal-fired stove, which includes a base and a furnace body installed above the base, and a grate is arranged between the base and the furnace body. The rear part of the furnace body is connected with a smoke box, and the furnace body is provided with a vertical partition plate for separating the internal space, forming a pyrolysis chamber in the front part and a cooking fire channel in the rear part, and the upper end of the partition plate is connected to In the furnace body, a gap is provided between the lower end of the partition plate and the grate, which communicates the pyrolysis chamber and the cooking fire channel and is used for the passage of semi-char, and a heater is arranged above the pyrolysis chamber. A coal port is provided with a coal feeding door, and a cooking port is provided above the cooking fire channel;

The upper part of the cooking fire channel is provided with a secondary air chamber, the secondary air chamber is located below the cooking port, and there is a gap between the two, and a secondary air channel is arranged in the cooking fire channel, and the The lower end of the secondary air passage is connected to the base, and the upper end of the secondary air passage is connected to the secondary air chamber.

Preferably, an air distribution ring with a vertical axis is installed in the secondary air chamber, and a vent is provided on the side of the air distribution ring.

Preferably, a plurality of the ventilation openings are evenly distributed on the side surface of the air distribution ring in layers.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the air distribution ring is where the cross-sectional area of the cooking fire channel is the smallest.

Preferably, the cross section of the air distribution ring is circular or square.

Preferably, the furnace body and the outer shell of the smoke box include an inner tank and an outer tank that are spaced apart from each other, a water jacket interlayer is formed between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the upper part of the smoke box is provided with a communication The water outlet of the water jacket interlayer, and the lower part of the furnace body is provided with a water return port that communicates with the water jacket interlayer.

Preferably, a refractory mud coating is provided on the inner wall of the furnace and on the partition.

Preferably, a gap is provided between the refractory mud coating near the rear of the cooking fire and the inner wall of the furnace to form the vertical secondary air passage and the horizontal secondary air chamber.

Preferably, the refractory mud coating near the rear of the cooking fire is provided with a concave structure, and is provided with evenly distributed ventilation holes in layers along the vertical direction, and the ventilation holes communicate with the cooking fire and the secondary air channel.

Preferably, the included angle between the direction of the ventilation hole and the flow direction of the flue gas is a right angle or an obtuse angle.

The utility model provides a secondary air distribution coal-burning stove, which comprises a base and a furnace body installed above the base, a grate is arranged between the base and the furnace body, a smoke box is connected to the rear of the furnace body, and a furnace body is arranged inside the furnace body. There is a vertical partition for separating the inner space, forming a pyrolysis chamber at the front and a cooking fire channel at the rear, the upper end of the partition is connected to the furnace body, and a connected pyrolysis chamber is arranged between the lower end of the partition and the grate. It is connected with the cooking fire channel and is used for the clearance of the semi-char passing through. The pyrolysis chamber is provided with a coal charging port and a coal charging door. , the secondary air chamber is located below the cooking port, and there is a gap between the two, the cooking fire channel is provided with a secondary air channel, the lower end of the secondary air channel is connected to the base, and the upper end of the secondary air channel is connected to the secondary air chamber.

By setting a pyrolysis chamber and a cooking fire channel inside the furnace body, the pyrolysis chamber is the reverse burning area, and the cooking fire channel is the normal burning area. After the fuel is added, it is accumulated in the pyrolysis chamber, and the primary air is supplied through the grate. , The lower part of the pyrolysis chamber and the cooking fire is the main combustion area. Coal combustion is combined with the adjustment of the air supply to generate heat, and a small part of the heat is used for the upper fuel to be pyrolyzed in an oxygen-depleted state to generate pyrolysis gas and semi-coke. Smoke moves forward. In the main combustion area, the pyrolysis gas and semi-coke are co-burned; due to the negative pressure formed by the chimney's pulling force, the pyrolysis products of coal must be fully burned through the high-temperature semi-coke combustion layer, which can effectively eliminate the black smoke produced by the burning of bituminous coal. and reduce nitrogen oxide production. The burning flame enters the chimney through the cooking port and the smoke box, and heats the cooker along the way to complete the heating. The cooking fire channel mainly stores the semi-char after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber, and enters the cooking fire channel by shaking the grate and operating the fire hook. The semi-char is burned by the normal burning method, and there is no problem of concentrated precipitation of volatile matter, and it can also improve the cooking firepower. It also makes the air flow into the cooking fire channel through the secondary air channel to supplement the combustion of the incompletely burned combustible gas and particulate matter.

It has the advantages of anti-burning and eliminating smoke, and strong firepower for cooking, and eliminates the defects of weak anti-burning and more black smoke. It is more in line with the user's usage habits. The user uses a dual-purpose stove for heating and cooking. The heating period is long, and the firepower is required to be moderate and stable; the cooking period is short, and the firepower is required. Sending the semi-char to the burning area before cooking can quickly increase the firepower; while the hot-burning area is small, the firepower will drop rapidly after the semi-char is burnt out, and no fuel will be wasted. The high-temperature area for secondary supplementary combustion is designed to fully burn combustible gas and particulate matter, and to provide a high-temperature environment required for supplementary combustion. The secondary air inlet is integrated into the base, which simplifies user operations and prevents users from forgetting to turn off the secondary after closing the furnace. The air inlet leads to the escape of flue gas and CO poisoning accidents, which improves the safety.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the secondary air distribution coal-fired stove provided by the utility model.

Detailed ways

The core of the utility model is to provide a secondary air-distributed coal-fired stove. A pyrolysis chamber and a cooking fire channel are arranged inside the furnace body to carry out normal combustion and reverse combustion respectively. It has the advantages of both combustion modes and overcomes the Defects in the prior art.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation manner of a secondary air distribution coal-fired stove provided by the present invention.

The specific embodiment of the present utility model provides a secondary air distribution coal-fired stove, comprising a base 1 and a furnace body 2, the furnace body 2 is installed above the base 1, and a grate 3 is arranged between the base 1 and the furnace body 2, A smoke box 4 is connected to the rear of the furnace body 2 , that is, the end connected with the smoke box 4 is the rear, and the opposite end is the front. Inside the furnace body 2, a vertical partition plate 5 for separating the internal space is arranged to form a pyrolysis chamber 6 at the front and a cooking fire channel 7 at the rear. The upper end of the partition plate 5 is connected to the furnace body 2, and the A gap is set between the lower end and the grate 3. This gap is used to communicate the pyrolysis chamber 6 and the cooking fire 7, and at the same time, it is used for the passage of semi-coke. A coal feeding port is set above the pyrolysis chamber 6 for adding fuel. , and a coal feeding door 8 is provided, and a cooking port 9 is provided above the cooking fire channel 7 for placing and adding cooking utensils.

The upper part of the cooking fire channel 7 is provided with a secondary air chamber 20. The secondary air chamber 20 is located below the cooking port 9, and there is a gap between the two. The cooking fire channel 7 is provided with a secondary air channel 19, and the secondary air The lower end of the passage 19 is connected to the base 1 , and the upper end of the secondary air passage 19 is connected to the secondary air chamber 20 .

By arranging a pyrolysis chamber 6 and a cooking fire channel 7 inside the furnace body 2, the pyrolysis chamber 6 is a back-burning area, and the cooking fire channel 7 is a normal-burning area. Primary air, above the grate 3, the pyrolysis chamber 6 and the lower part of the cooking fire channel 7 are the main combustion areas. Coal combustion is combined with the adjustment of the air supply to generate heat, and a small part of the heat is used for the upper fuel to be pyrolyzed in an oxygen-depleted state to generate heat. Degassing and semi-coke, most of the heat goes forward with the flue gas. In the main combustion area, the pyrolysis gas and semi-coke are co-burned; due to the negative pressure formed by the chimney's pulling force, the pyrolysis products of coal must be fully burned through the high-temperature semi-coke combustion layer, which can effectively eliminate the black smoke produced by the burning of bituminous coal. and reduce nitrogen oxide production. The combustion flame enters the chimney through the cooking port 9 and the smoke box 4, and heats the cooker along the way to complete the heating. The cooking fire channel 7 mainly stores the semi-char after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber 6 , and enters the cooking fire channel 7 by shaking the grate 3 and operating the fire hook. The semi-char is burned by the normal burning method, and there is no problem of concentrated precipitation of volatile matter, and it can also improve the cooking firepower. In addition, the airflow enters the cooking fire channel 7 through the secondary air channel 19, and supplementary combustion is performed on the incompletely combusted combustible gas and particulate matter.

It has the advantages of anti-burning and eliminating smoke, and strong firepower for cooking, and eliminates the defects of weak anti-burning and more black smoke. The volume of the pyrolysis chamber 6 is larger than that of the cooking fire channel 7, which is more in line with the user's usage habits. The user uses a dual-purpose stove for heating and cooking, and the heating period is long, requiring moderate and stable firepower; the cooking period is short, requiring strong firepower. Sending the semi-char to the burning area before cooking can quickly increase the firepower; while the hot-burning area is small, the firepower will drop rapidly after the semi-char is burnt out, and no fuel will be wasted.

Further, a high-temperature area for secondary supplementary combustion is designed to fully burn combustible gas and particulate matter, and to provide a high-temperature environment required for supplementary combustion. The secondary air inlet is integrated into the base, which simplifies user operations and prevents users from forgetting after closing the furnace. Closing the secondary air inlet leads to flue gas escape and CO poisoning accidents, which improves safety.

A pullable ash hopper 16 can also be installed in the base 1 , and the air supply volume of the primary air and the secondary air can be adjusted by the size of the opening and closing of the ash hopper 16 . The ash hopper on the base 1 is a common inlet for primary air and secondary air. Under the action of the chimney, part of the airflow passes through the grate 3 to supply coal for combustion, and the other part of the airflow enters the cooking fire channel 7 through the secondary air channel 19 . The cooking port 9 is arranged just above the cooking fire 7, which is convenient for placing cooking utensils, and the coal feeding port is arranged obliquely above the pyrolysis chamber 6, close to the front end of the pyrolysis chamber 6, so as to facilitate the operation of coal feeding. Or adjust the installation, connection and arrangement of each component according to the situation, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the secondary air distribution coal-fired stove provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the heating effect, a water heating system can be added. A water jacket interlayer is formed between the inner liner 10 and the outer liner 11 , the upper part of the smoke box 4 is provided with a water outlet 12 which communicates with the water jacket interlayer, and the lower part of the furnace body 2 is provided with a water return port 13 which communicates with the water jacket interlayer. During the use of the stove, the combustion flame enters the chimney through the cooking port 9 and the smoke box 4, heats the cooker along the way, heats the water in the water jacket interlayer, and transfers the heat to the circulating water through the water outlet 12 and the water return port 13 to complete the heating.

Further, the smoke box 4 includes a vertical connection part and a horizontal transition part, one end of the transition part is connected to the upper part of the cooking fire 7, the other end of the transition part is connected to the lower end of the connection part, and the upper end of the connection part is connected to the chimney, which is convenient for smoke. Air is discharged normally. In order to quickly clean the dust in the smoke box, the bottom of the transition part is provided with a bottom dust cleaning door 14, and the two sides of the connecting part are provided with side dust cleaning doors 15, which are fixed by hand-tightening bolts. Or adjust the structure of the smoke box 4, and directly connect the furnace body 2 without setting the horizontal part.

In order to improve the heat exchange effect, the smoke box 4 is provided with a heat exchange pipe 17 which communicates with the water jacket interlayer. The number of hot water exchange pipes 17 can be increased. The plurality of hot water exchange pipes 17 in the connecting portion extend from front to back and are inclined upward, and the plurality of hot water exchange pipes 17 in the transition portion extend laterally, that is, the extension of the hot water exchange pipes 17 in the two parts. The directions are perpendicular to each other, which effectively improves the contact with the high temperature flue gas. Further, the partition plate 5 is provided with a water tank connected to the water jacket interlayer, so as to increase the heating of the heating water in the furnace. An explosion-proof valve 18 that communicates with the water jacket interlayer can also be provided at the connection part to improve the safety of the furnace.

In the secondary air distribution coal-fired stove provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to make the secondary air more stable, an air distribution ring 21 with a vertical axis is installed in the secondary air chamber 20. There are vents on the side. Specifically, a plurality of air vents are evenly distributed on the side surface of the air distribution ring 21 in layers. Wherein, the cross-sectional area of the air distribution ring 21 is where the cross-sectional area of the cooking fire 7 is the smallest. The cross section of the air distribution ring 21 is circular or square. The size, shape and arrangement of the ventilation openings of the air distribution ring 21 can also be adjusted according to the situation, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the secondary air distribution coal-fired stove provided by the above specific embodiments, the inner wall of the furnace body 2 and the partition plate 5 are provided with a refractory mud coating 22 . A gap is provided between the refractory mud coating 22 near the rear of the cooking fire channel 7 and the inner wall of the furnace body 2 to form a vertical secondary air passage 19 and a horizontal secondary air chamber 20 . A refractory clay coating 22 is designed around the cooking fire channel 7 to prevent the circulating water from taking away heat and create temperature conditions for secondary supplementary combustion. The secondary air is preheated by the refractory clay coating 22 and then enters the cooking fire 7 to prevent the cold air from directly entering the supplementary combustion area, improve the supplementary combustion stability, and ensure the supplementary combustion effect. In addition, there is no need to design a special secondary air pipeline, but a channel reserved for the refractory mud coating 22 and the inner tank 10 is used, and the processing and manufacturing are simple and the cost is low.

Further, the refractory mud coating 22 near the rear of the cooking fire channel 7 is provided with a concave structure, facing the passage of the pyrolysis chamber 6 and the cooking fire channel 7 formed by the partition plate 5, and is layered along the vertical direction. Evenly distributed ventilation holes 23 are connected to the cooking fire channel 7 and the secondary air channel 19 . In view of the high volatile content of bituminous coal, a longer supplementary combustion stroke is designed, and the ventilation holes 23 are arranged in layers and evenly along the stroke. It takes a certain period of time for the combustible gas and particles to flow through the cooking fire channel 7, and within this period of time, they can fully react with the evenly added oxygen, which improves the effect of supplementary combustion.

The included angle between the ventilation hole 23 and the flow direction of the flue gas is a right angle or an obtuse angle, specifically 90 degrees to 135 degrees. The air distribution ring 21 constitutes the mouth, and the concave surface design of the refractory clay coating 22 makes the flue gas form a turbulent flow in the cooking fire channel 7, and the flue gas and the secondary air are fully mixed, which improves the combustion efficiency of the flue gas and soot. Thereby, the emission of pollutants such as soot and CO is reduced, and the combustion efficiency of the stove is improved. The secondary air is located above the highest position of coal burning, which reduces the distance between the burning position and the cooking utensils, and improves the cooking fire intensity.

Or adjust the structure of each component according to the situation, such as the orientation angle, number and arrangement of the ventilation holes 23, the surface shape of the refractory clay coating 22, etc., all within the protection scope of the present invention.

The above is a detailed introduction to the secondary air distribution coal-fired stove provided by the present invention. The principles and implementations of the present invention are described herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the present utility model. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. A secondary air-distribution coal-fired stove, comprising a base (1) and a furnace body (2) installed above the base (1), the base (1) and the furnace body (2) between the base (1) and the furnace body (2). A grate (3) is arranged between the furnace body (2), a smoke box (4) is connected to the rear of the furnace body (2), and it is characterized in that a vertical partition plate for separating the interior space is arranged inside the furnace body (2). (5), forming a front pyrolysis chamber (6) and a rear cooking fire channel (7), the upper end of the partition plate (5) is connected to the furnace body (2), and the partition plate (5) Between the lower end of the fire grate (3) and the grate (3), there is a gap connecting the pyrolysis chamber (6) and the cooking fire channel (7) and used for the passage of semi-cokes, above the pyrolysis chamber (6) A coal feeding port is provided, and a coal feeding door (8) is provided, and a cooking port (9) is provided above the cooking fire channel (7); The upper part of the cooking fire passage (7) is provided with a secondary air chamber (20), the secondary air chamber (20) is located below the cooking opening (9), and there is an interval between the two, the A secondary air passage (19) is arranged in the cooking fire passage (7), the lower end of the secondary air passage (19) is connected to the base (1), and the upper end of the secondary air passage (19) is connected to the two air passages. Secondary air chamber (20). 2. The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 1, wherein an air distribution ring (21) with a vertical axis is installed in the secondary air chamber (20), and the air distribution ring is installed in the secondary air chamber (20). The side of (21) is provided with a vent. 3. The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of the ventilation ports are evenly distributed on the side surface of the air distribution ring (21) in layers. 4 . The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 3 , wherein the cross-sectional area of the air distribution ring ( 21 ) is the minimum cross-sectional area of the cooking fire channel ( 7 ). 5 . 5 . The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 4 , wherein the cross section of the air distribution ring ( 21 ) is circular or square. 6 . 6 . The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace body ( 2 ) and the outer shell of the smoke box ( 4 ) comprise an inner tank ( 10 ) and an outer shell spaced apart from each other. 7 . A bladder (11), a water jacket interlayer is formed between the inner bladder (10) and the outer bladder (11), and the upper part of the smoke box (4) is provided with a water outlet (12) that communicates with the water jacket sandwich The lower part of the furnace body (2) is provided with a water return port (13) that communicates with the water jacket interlayer. 7. The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a refractory mud coating is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body (2) and the partition plate (5). (twenty two). 8. The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 7, characterized in that the refractory mud coating (22) near the rear of the cooking fire channel (7) and the furnace body (2) ) A gap is provided between the inner walls to form the vertical secondary air channel (19) and the horizontal secondary air chamber (20). 9. The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 8, characterized in that, the refractory mud coating (22) near the rear of the cooking fire channel (7) is provided with a concave structure, and Uniformly distributed ventilation holes (23) are arranged in layers along the vertical direction, and the ventilation holes (23) communicate with the cooking fire channel (7) and the secondary air channel (19). 10 . The secondary air distribution coal-fired stove according to claim 9 , wherein the included angle between the direction of the ventilation hole ( 23 ) and the flow direction of the flue gas is a right angle or an obtuse angle. 11 .

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