CN211257907U

CN211257907U - Loess cave dwelling earthquake-resistant reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earth covering

Info

Publication number: CN211257907U
Application number: CN201921785318.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张风亮; 朱武卫; 田鹏刚; 边兆伟; 员作义; 史继创; 毛冬旭; 刘岁强; 成浩; 陈力莹; 孟南希; 杨颖�; 李妍; 王昕岚
Original assignee: Shaanxi Architecture Science Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Jianke Geotechnical Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-22
Filing date: 2019-10-22
Publication date: 2020-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adopt and replace vault and receive loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, include that the vault that adopts loess to form after the intraformational vault of cave dwelling place arch ring top earthing is filled by cutting the replacement chamber is cut replacement layer and multiunit and is injected water glass's water glass injection tube in to the arch ring top soil body. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable in design and construction convenience, excellent in use effect, earthing in the damaged area is cuted to X type is dug and is removed and form the vault and receive to cut the replacement chamber, adopt loess to cut the replacement chamber to the vault and fill and form the replacement filling layer after the tamp, rethread water glass injection pipe injects water glass into the arch ring top soil body, make the fashioned replacement filling layer intensity of construction high and it and week side cover soil layer connection firm, the realization is enough to unstable earthing in the damaged area is cuted to X type, the purpose of effective replacement, can effectively improve X type and cut the regional bulk strength of damaged area, thereby improve the antidetonation effect in loess cave hole.

Description

Loess cave dwelling earthquake-resistant reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earth covering

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the cave dwelling is consolidated, especially, relate to an adopt and replace loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure that the vault received the regional earthing of cutting.

Background

The cave is an ancient dwelling form of residents on loess plateau in northwest of China, and the history of the cave-type dwelling can be traced back to more than four thousand years ago. The cave generally comprises a cliff-type cave, a sunken cave, an independent cave and the like, wherein the backer kiln is more applied and refers to a loess cave dug by backer. At present, the cave dwelling that adopts is mostly arch cave dwelling, and arch cave dwelling includes that the arch ring supports in the side wall of two hunch feet below of arch ring respectively with controlling two. In the actual use process, the roof fall problem easily occurs to the arch ring of the loess cave, and the roof fall refers to the phenomenon that the arch ring of the loess cave collapses naturally (i.e. falls) from top to bottom. After the loess cave dwelling is rolled over, the potential safety hazard is very big.

In the actual use process, the typical failure mode of the loess cave under the action of earthquake is X-shaped shearing failure (namely X-shaped shearing failure) of covering soil within the arch span height range of about 1/2 arch crown, which is shown in figure 1 in detail. The arch ring vault of loess cave dwelling 1 (also called the vault of loess cave dwelling 1) is that the arch ring of loess cave dwelling 1 is above regional, the vault of loess cave dwelling 1 takes place "X" type and cuts the destruction back, it appears in the region that "X" type was cut and is destroyed (X type is cut the destruction region promptly) twice crack 2 and is "X" shape and alternately lays, twice crack 2 all extends from the face of a kiln outside-in, and twice crack 2 all extends from the arch ring vault bottom from bottom to top of loess cave dwelling 1. A cross seam 13 exists between the two cracks 2, and the cross seam is a seam which is overlapped in the two cracks 2. The overlapped gap between the two cracks 2 is a cross gap 13, the upper area of the cross gap 13 is a hollow 3, and the hollow 3 is communicated with the two cracks 2; the lower area of the cross seam 13 between the two cracks 2 is a roof fall area 4 formed by natural collapse of loess from top to bottom, and the roof fall area 4 is communicated with the interior of the loess cave dwelling 1. The loess cave dwelling vibration table test also shows that under the action of an earthquake, X-shaped shearing damage is easy to occur on the arch crown of the arch ring of the loess cave dwelling as shown in figure 1. Wherein the kiln face refers to the exposed door face of the loess cave dwelling. Once the arch crown of the arch ring is subjected to X-shaped shearing damage, the loess cave has great potential safety hazard, even loses stability and collapses, so that the existing loess cave is effectively subjected to seismic reinforcement, and the phenomena that the loess cave is unstable and collapses due to the X-shaped shearing damage of the arch ring are prevented.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a loess cave dwelling anti-seismic reinforcing structure which adopts the earth covering for replacing the sheared area of the vault, its simple structure, reasonable in design and construction convenience, excellent in use effect, the earthing in the X type shearing damage region is dug and is formed the vault and is cut the replacement chamber, adopt loess to cut the replacement chamber to the vault and fill and form the replacement filling layer after the tamped, inject water glass into the soil body of loess cave arch ring top through water glass injection pipe, make the fashioned replacement filling layer intensity of construction high and its and week side cover soil layer between be connected firm, the realization is enough to the unstable earthing in the X type shearing damage region, the purpose of effective replacement, can effectively improve the bulk strength in X type shearing damage region, thereby improve the antidetonation effect of loess cave.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: the utility model provides an adopt and replace the vault and receive loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing which characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that loess is adopted to fill a vault shearing and replacing layer formed after a vault shearing and replacing cavity in an earth covering layer above an arch ring of a loess cave is fixed, and a plurality of groups of water glass injection pipes are used for injecting water glass into an earth body above the arch ring of the loess cave, two cracks exist in the earth covering layer above the arch ring of the loess cave, the two cracks are arranged in a crossed mode and are arranged in an X-shaped mode, the overlapped gaps among the two cracks are cross gaps, the upper regions of the cross gaps are cavities, and the lower regions of the cross gaps are top caving regions;

the vault shearing and replacing cavity is a cavity formed by excavating earth covering in a vault shearing area in the soil covering layer, and the vault shearing and replacing cavity is a cavity with an opening at the bottom and communicated with a loess cave dwelling; the vault sheared area is an area where two cracks are located in the covering soil layer, and the two cracks are located in the vault sheared area; the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing and replacing cavity are both vertical side walls, the top surface of the vault shearing and replacing cavity is horizontally arranged, the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing and replacing cavity are both arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling, and the length of the vault shearing and replacing cavity is the same as the depth of the loess cave dwelling;

a plurality of groups of water glass injection pipes are arranged from outside to inside along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling; each group of water glass injection pipes comprises a left water glass injection pipe and a right water glass injection pipe which are arranged on the same vertical surface, each water glass injection pipe is a straight pipe and is provided with a plurality of round holes for injecting water glass, and the upper end of each water glass injection pipe is provided with a grouting hole.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: each water glass injection pipe is a straight steel pipe which is inserted into the soil covering layer from bottom to top after being sheared and replaced by the arch crown, the bottom end of each water glass injection pipe extends into the loess cave, the bottom end of each water glass injection pipe is connected with a water glass storage device for storing the water glass inside through a connecting pipe, and a hydraulic pump is mounted on the connecting pipe; the upper end of each water glass injection pipe extends out of the upper part of the arch crown sheared replacement layer;

and the left and right water glass injection pipes 16 in each group are uniformly distributed on the same cross section of the loess cave dwelling.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: the kiln faces of the loess cave are vertically arranged kiln faces of the loess cave; the crack section on the left side above the cavity in the two cracks is a left upper crack section, the crack section on the right side above the cavity in the two cracks is a right upper crack section, the left upper crack section is gradually inclined upwards from right to left, and the right upper crack section is gradually inclined upwards from left to right; the left end of the upper left crack section on the cave kiln face is a crack left end point, the right end of the upper right crack section on the cave kiln face is a crack right end point, and the roof fall area on the cave kiln face is positioned between the crack left end point and the crack right end point;

the contour line of the vault sheared area is a door-shaped contour line and comprises a top contour line and a left side contour line and a right side contour line which are both positioned below the top contour line, wherein the top contour line is horizontally arranged, and the two side contour lines are vertically arranged;

the two side contour lines are respectively a left contour line positioned below the left side of the top contour line and a right contour line positioned below the right side of the top contour line; the left side contour line is positioned on the left side of the left end point of the crack, the horizontal distance between the left side contour line and the left end point of the crack is not less than 0.15m, the right side contour line is positioned on the right side of the right end point of the crack, the horizontal distance between the right side contour line and the right end point of the crack is not less than 0.15m, the top contour line is positioned above the upper end point of the crack, and the vertical distance between the top contour line and the;

the upper fracture endpoint is the higher endpoint of the left fracture endpoint and the right fracture endpoint.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: the vault sheared displacement layer is divided into a plurality of displacement soil layers from top to bottom, the displacement soil layers are arranged from top to bottom, the displacement soil layers are all horizontal soil layers which are arranged horizontally, and the thickness of each displacement soil layer is 25 cm-35 cm.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: the depth of the loess cave is more than 2 m;

the vault is cut regional the direction of depth along the loess cave dwelling and is divided into a plurality of sections of waiting to excavate from inside to outside, the vault is cut the displacement chamber and is divided into a plurality of displacement chamber sections from inside to outside along the direction of depth of loess cave dwelling.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: the arch crown shearing replacement cavity is internally fixed with an arch-shaped pulling and tying net which consists of a horizontal pulling and tying net fixed on the top surface of the arch crown shearing replacement cavity and two vertical pulling and tying nets respectively fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall of the arch crown shearing replacement cavity; the door-shaped knotted net is fixed between the vault sheared replacement layer and the soil covering layer on the periphery of the vault sheared replacement cavity.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: a steel bar framework is arranged in the vault sheared replacement layer, is horizontally arranged and is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling; the steel bar framework is a cubic framework and is fixedly fastened in the vault sheared replacement layer;

the reinforcement cage comprises four stress steel bars which are horizontally arranged and a plurality of tie bars which are vertically arranged, the four stress steel bars are all arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave, the length of the four stress steel bars is the same as the depth of the loess cave, and the four stress steel bars are respectively arranged at the top parts of the left side and the right side of the vault sheared displacement cavity and the lower parts of the left side and the right side of the vault sheared displacement cavity; multichannel the drawknot muscle is rectangle reinforcing bar and its all suit is four the atress reinforcing bar outside, multichannel the size homogeneous phase of drawknot muscle just its depth direction along loess cave dwelling lays from inside to outside.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: a reinforcing template is erected in the loess cave dwelling, the cross section of the reinforcing template is arched, and the reinforcing template is positioned below the sheared and replaced layer of the vault; the reinforcing template is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling, and the length of the reinforcing template is the same as that of the vault sheared and replaced layer; the cross section width of reinforcing template is greater than the vault and receives the horizontal width of cutting the replacement layer, the left and right sides upper surface of reinforcing template all hugs closely with the upper surface in loess cave dwelling.

Above-mentioned adoption is replaced the vault and is received loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing, characterized by: a lateral forming template is erected outside the loess cave, is vertically arranged and is tightly attached to the kiln face of the loess cave; the side forming template is positioned outside the arch crown shearing replacement cavity and is a plugging template for plugging the outer port of the arch crown shearing replacement cavity.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantage:

1. simple structure, reasonable in design and realize the convenience, drop into construction cost low, the construction equipment who adopts is few.

2. The contour line of the vault sheared area is a door-shaped contour line, the determination method is simple and convenient, the determined contour line is reasonable, the covering soil in the vault sheared area is easy and convenient to remove, and the removal is only carried out from bottom to top; meanwhile, the cave structure is stable in the process of excavating the covering soil in the sheared area of the vault, and the influence of the excavating process on the stability of the cave structure is very small. During actual construction, both the soil in the X-shaped shearing damage area and the unstable soil on the periphery of the X-shaped shearing damage area which are damaged can be removed, the stability of the loess cave dwelling can not be influenced, the structure and the size of the vault subjected to shearing and replacing cavity are reasonable in design, and the excavation is simple and convenient.

3. Adopt loess to cut the replacement chamber to fill and form the replacement filling layer after the tamped to the vault, rethread water glass injection pipe injects water glass into the loess cave arch ring top soil body, and the water glass who injects can effectively solidify the soil body, makes the vault receive the intensity and the bearing capacity homoenergetic on cutting the replacement layer effectively to improve, effectively improves the fashioned vault of construction and receives the construction quality of cutting the replacement layer. And moreover, the connecting strength between the vault sheared replacement layer formed by construction and the soil body on the periphery of the vault sheared replacement cavity can be effectively ensured, the reinforcing effect of the loess cave dwelling is ensured, the implementation is simple and convenient, and unstable earth covering in the X-shaped shearing damage area can be sufficiently and effectively replaced.

4. The construction is simple and convenient, the construction period is short, the construction efficiency is high, the covering soil in the X-shaped shearing damage area is excavated, a vault shearing replacement cavity is formed, then loess is adopted to fill and tamp the vault shearing replacement cavity, and finally water glass is injected.

5. The vault is provided with steel reinforcement framework in the displacement layer by cutting to the vault is cut the displacement layer and is led to the length and lay steel reinforcement framework in situ, can effectively improve the vault and receive wholeness, support strength and the shear strength of cutting the displacement layer, further ensures the reinforcement effect of loess cave dwelling, and the construction is simple and convenient, and the input cost is lower.

6. The vault is cut and is replaced the intracavity and be fixed with a font drawknot net, can receive to cut to replace the chamber to consolidate temporarily to the vault, has the effect of consolidating temporarily, and the input cost is lower to consolidate effectually temporarily, the input cost is lower, economical and practical. And the adopted drawknot net is reasonable in arrangement position, and the area where the vault shearing replacement cavity is located is a key area of the stress of the vault of the cave, so that the key area can be comprehensively drawn through the drawknot net, the integrity of the vault shearing replacement layer is further improved, the vault shearing replacement layer can be integrally reinforced, and the reinforcing effect is better. Meanwhile, after the construction of the arch crown sheared replacement layer is finished, as the replacement soil contains water glass, after the water glass is solidified, the binding net is fixedly fastened in the soil body above the arch ring of the loess cave, and the binding net forms a firm and stable omnibearing binding structure at the joint between the arch crown sheared replacement layer and the soil body which is not replaced on the peripheral side, so that the reinforcement strength and reliability are further improved, the aim of comprehensively reinforcing the soil body above the arch ring of the loess cave (including the soil body in the area which is not replaced) is fulfilled, and the reinforcement effect of the loess cave can be effectively improved; and the shear strength of the soil body at the position of the tie net can be effectively enhanced, the tie net is fixedly fastened in the soil body and is integrally fastened with the soil body, a stable and reliable shear-resistant belt is formed, and the integrity and the stress performance of the vault of the loess cave can be effectively improved.

7. The shear resistant member that adopts is under construction portably and excellent in use effect, and the shear resistant member is as an organic whole with the fastening of drawknot net, can further improve the effect of shearing, further improves the reinforcement effect of loess cave dwelling.

8. Reinforce effectual and economical and practical, the earthing in the X type shearing damage region is excavated and is formed the vault and receive the replacement chamber of cutting, adopt loess to cut the replacement chamber to the vault and pack and tamp again, at last injected water glass can, the realization is abundant to unstable earthing in the X type shearing damage region, the purpose of effective replacement, the fashioned replacement soil filling layer intensity of construction is high and its and week side cover soil layer between be connected firm, can effectively improve X type shearing damage region's bulk strength, shift its damage region to non-key position, thereby improve the antidetonation effect of loess cave dwelling and greatly reduced the damage of earthquake. Meanwhile, the tie net is arranged in the vault sheared and replaced cavity, and the plurality of shear pieces are arranged on the tie net, so that the reinforcing effect of the loess cave dwelling can be further improved, and the anti-seismic effect of the loess cave dwelling is ensured. In addition, the reinforcing steel bar framework is arranged in the vault by shearing and replacing layer in a through manner, the integrity, the supporting strength and the shearing strength of the vault by shearing and replacing layer can be effectively improved, and the reinforcing effect of the loess cave dwelling is further ensured.

9. The popularization and application prospect is wide, the existing loess cave dwelling can be simply, conveniently and quickly reinforced, the investment cost is low, and the method is economical and practical.

In conclusion, the utility model has simple structure, reasonable design, convenient construction and good use effect, the covering soil in the X-type shearing damage area is dug to form a vault shearing replacement cavity, loess is adopted to fill and tamp the vault shearing replacement cavity to form a replacement soil filling layer, and water glass is injected into the soil body above the arch ring of the loess cave through a water glass injection pipe, so that the constructed and formed replacement soil filling layer has high strength and is stably and firmly connected with the surrounding covering soil layer, the purpose of fully and effectively replacing unstable covering soil in the X-type shearing damage area is realized, the overall strength of the X-type shearing damage area can be effectively improved, thereby improve the antidetonation effect of loess cave dwelling, shift the destruction region of cave dwelling vault to non-key position to improve the antidetonation effect of loess cave dwelling and greatly reduced the seismic damage loss.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a loess cave dwelling in which X-type shear failure occurs.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the construction state diagram after the vault is sheared and the chamber is replaced in embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is the construction state diagram after the vault is sheared and the replacement layer construction is completed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the layout position of the lateral forming template of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the layout position of the contour line of the displacement cavity of the vault in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the layout positions of the reinforcing steel bar frames in embodiment 2 and embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the arrangement positions of the drawknot nets in embodiment 3 and embodiment 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the layout positions of the reinforcing templates in embodiments 4 and 8 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a flow chart of a method for reinforcing the loess cave dwelling in embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-loess cave dwelling; 2-cracking; 3-cavities;

4-top-off area; 5, replacing the cavity by shearing the vault;

6-displacement layer of vault by shear; 7, pulling and tying the net; 8, a shear resistant part;

9-scaffold; 11-reinforcing the template;

12-stressed steel bars; 13-cross-slit; 14-tie bars;

15-side forming template; 16-water glass injection tube; 17-cave kiln face;

18-a door-shaped contour line; 19-X-shaped reinforcing bars.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, the utility model discloses an adopt loess to cut the displacement layer 6 and the multiunit water glass injection tube 16 that injects water glass into the soil body above the arch ring of loess cave hole 1 to the vault that forms after filling the vault of soil layer above the arch ring of loess cave hole 1 arch ring 1 that adds and cut the displacement chamber 5, there are two cracks 2 in the soil layer above the arch ring of loess cave hole 1 that adds, two the crack 2 is crossed and laid and the two is arranged in the form of the X, two the gap that overlaps each other between the crack 2 is cross joint 13, the upper portion region of cross joint 13 is cavity 3, the lower part region of cross joint 13 is roof fall district 4, see in detail fig. 1;

the vault shearing and replacing cavity 5 is a cavity formed by excavating earth covering in a vault shearing area in the soil covering layer, and the vault shearing and replacing cavity 5 is a cavity with an opening at the bottom and communicated with the loess cave dwelling 1; the vault sheared area is an area where two cracks 2 are located in the covering soil layer, and the two cracks 2 are located in the vault sheared area; the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing and replacing cavity 5 are both vertical side walls, the top surface of the vault shearing and replacing cavity is horizontally arranged, the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing and replacing cavity 5 are both arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave 1, and the length of the vault shearing and replacing cavity 5 is the same as the depth of the loess cave 1;

a plurality of groups of water glass injection pipes 16 are arranged from outside to inside along the depth direction of the loess cave 1; each group of the water glass injection pipes 16 comprises a left water glass injection pipe 16 and a right water glass injection pipe 16 which are arranged on the same vertical surface, each water glass injection pipe 16 is a straight pipe and is provided with a plurality of round holes for injecting the water glass, and the upper end of each water glass injection pipe 16 is provided with a grouting hole.

In this embodiment, the depth of the loess cave dwelling 1 is not more than 2 m;

adopt the utility model discloses when consolidating loess cave dwelling 1, including following step:

step one, covering soil and excavating out the vault sheared area: excavating the soil covering in the vault sheared area in the soil covering layer to obtain a vault sheared replacement cavity 5, which is shown in detail in figure 3;

step two, replacing soil filling: filling the vault sheared and replaced cavity 5 in the step one by adopting loess to obtain a vault sheared and replaced layer 6, and completing the reinforcing process of the loess cave dwelling 1, which is detailed in figures 4 and 5;

the structure and the size of the vault sheared replacement layer 6 are the same as those of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5, and the vault sheared replacement layer 6 is a replacement soil filling layer formed by filling the replacement soil into the vault sheared replacement cavity 5 and tamping the replacement soil.

Wherein, the top-caving region 4 is a cavity with an opening at the bottom and is communicated with the interior of the loess cave dwelling 1.

The water glass is an aqueous solution of water-soluble silicate (commonly known as sodium silicate)) It is a mineral binder. The water-soluble silicate has the chemical formula R₂O·nSiO₂In the formula, R₂O is an alkali metal oxide; where n is the ratio of the moles of silica to the moles of alkali metal oxide, referred to as the modulus (also referred to as moles) of the water glass. The common water glass for construction is sodium silicate (Na)₂O·nSiO₂) The water-soluble silicate of (1) is sodium silicate. When the reinforcement is actually carried out, the water glass is water glass which is commonly used in buildings.

In the embodiment, each water glass injection pipe 16 is a straight steel pipe which is inserted into the earth covering layer from bottom to top after passing through the vault and being sheared and replaced by the displacement layer 6, the bottom end of each water glass injection pipe 16 extends into the loess cave 1, the bottom end of each water glass injection pipe 16 is connected with a water glass storage device for storing the water glass inside through a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is provided with a hydraulic pump; the upper end of each water glass injection tube 16 extends out to the upper part of the vault sheared replacement layer 6;

two about in every group glass injection tube 16 equipartition is located on the same cross section of loess cave dwelling 1.

And in the second step, after the construction of the vault shearing replacement layer 6 is finished, a plurality of groups of water glass injection pipes 16 are required to be arranged in the soil covering layer. And each group of the water glass injection pipes 16 is composed of two water glass injection pipes 16, wherein each water glass injection pipe 16 is a left injection pipe and a right injection pipe which is positioned on the right side of the left injection pipe, the left injection pipe is gradually inclined to the left from bottom to top, and the right injection pipe is gradually inclined to the right from bottom to top.

After the multiple groups of water glass injection pipes 16 are uniformly distributed, water glass is synchronously injected into the soil body above the arch ring of the loess cave dwelling 1 through the multiple groups of water glass injection pipes 16; and after the injected water glass is solidified, finishing the reinforcing process of the loess cave dwelling 1.

The soil covering layer is internally provided with a plurality of pipeline jacks inserted by the water supply glass injection pipes 16 from bottom to top, and the pipeline jacks are drilled in the soil covering layer from bottom to top by adopting drill holes; the aperture of all pipeline jacks in the soil covering layer is the same;

the aperture of the pipeline jack is phi 7 cm-phi 10cm, and the outer diameters of all the water glass injection pipes 16 in the multiple groups of water glass injection pipes 16 are the same as the aperture of the pipeline jack.

During actual construction, the aperture of the pipeline mounting hole can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.

In this embodiment, the pipe insertion holes are cylindrical holes, and the water glass injection pipes 16 are round pipes. Wherein, the cross section of pipe is circular.

In this embodiment, a plurality of circular holes are uniformly arranged on the water glass injection pipe 16 and arranged in a quincunx shape, a plurality of grouting holes are formed in the upper end of the water glass injection pipe 16, and the grouting holes are circular holes.

The injected water glass can effectively improve the quality of the soil body after being reinforced, plays a role in cementing and filling pores, and effectively improves the strength and the bearing capacity of the soil body after being reinforced. Carry out the soil body solidification through receiving to cut the vault of 1 arch ring top in the loess cave dwelling 1 to be consolidated and pouring into sodium silicate in the replacement layer 6, can further improve the vault and receive the wholeness and the support intensity of cutting the replacement layer 6, simultaneously every the upper end of sodium silicate injection pipe 16 all stretches out to the vault and receives to cut the replacement layer 6 top, can further strengthen the vault and receive the joint strength between replacement layer 6 and the all sides soil body of cutting to the vault receives the junction between replacement layer 6 and the all sides soil body of cutting the replacement layer 6 and the vault and all carries out effective reinforcement, and cave dwelling stability after the reinforcement is good and the input cost is lower.

As shown in fig. 1, the two cracks 2 extend from the bottom of the arch ring vault of the loess cave dwelling 1 from bottom to top, and the cross joint 13 is a gap overlapped with each other in the two cracks 2.

In this embodiment, the thickness h of the soil body above the middle of the arch ring of the loess cave dwelling 1 (i.e., the thickness of the soil covering layer above the loess cave dwelling 1) is not less than 5 m. And, the depth of the loess cave dwelling 1 is not less than 5 m. Wherein, the depth of the loess cave 1 is the longitudinal length of the loess cave 1. The depth direction of the loess cave 1 is the longitudinal extension direction of the loess cave 1.

Wherein, h is the earthing thickness of loess cave dwelling 1 to h is the vertical distance between the arch ring middle part of loess cave dwelling 1 and the upper surface of loess cave dwelling 1 top earthing layer.

In this embodiment, the depth of the loess cave dwelling 1 is not more than 2m, and the horizontal distance between the left and right side walls of the loess cave dwelling 1 is 2m to 4 m.

With reference to fig. 1 and 5, the area where two cracks 2 are located in the soil covering layer is an X-shaped shearing damage area, the loess cave 1 is a cave in which the X-shaped shearing damage area exists, and the X-shaped shearing damage area is located in the soil covering layer above the loess cave 1. As shown in fig. 1, the X-type shear failure region is located above the middle of the arch of the loess cave 1, and the X-type shear failure region is a region where two cracks 2 exist above the arch of the loess cave 1.

In this embodiment, the cave face of the loess cave 1 is a cave face 17 arranged vertically; the crack section of the two cracks 2 on the left side above the cavity 3 is a left upper crack section, the crack section of the two cracks 2 on the right side above the cavity 3 is a right upper crack section, the left upper crack section is gradually inclined upwards from right to left, and the right upper crack section is gradually inclined upwards from left to right; kiln cave kiln face 17 is last the left end of left side upper portion crack section is crack left end point, kiln cave kiln face 17 is last the right-hand member of right side upper portion crack section is crack right end point, kiln cave kiln face 17 goes up roof area 4 is located crack left end point with between the crack right end point.

Before the earthing and excavating of the vault sheared area in the first step, firstly, determining the contour line of the vault sheared area on the kiln face of the cave, and particularly referring to fig. 7;

when the contour line of the vault sheared area is determined, determining an upper end point of a crack; when the upper fracture endpoint is determined, comparing the height of the left fracture endpoint with the height of the right fracture endpoint: when the height of the crack left end point is larger than that of the crack right end point, judging that the crack left end point is the crack upper end point; when the height of the crack left end point is smaller than that of the crack right end point, judging that the crack right end point is the crack upper end point; and when the height of the left end point of the crack is the same as that of the right end point of the crack, judging that the left end point of the crack is the upper end point of the crack.

In this embodiment, the vertical distance between the top of each of the two cracks 2 and the upper surface of the cover soil layer is not greater than 0.5h, that is, the vertical distance between the upper end of each crack and the upper surface of the cover soil layer is not greater than 0.5 h.

The contour line of the vault sheared area is the cross section contour line of the vault sheared area, and the contour line of the vault sheared area is the contour line of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5. It is right when the vault receives the contour line of cutting the region to confirm, confirm on the kiln face of loess cave dwelling 1, actual definite is simple and convenient, and the contour line of confirming is reasonable.

In this embodiment, the two cracks 2 are located in the vault sheared area.

In order to further ensure construction accuracy and replacement effectiveness, the X-shaped shearing failure region is subjected to over-range replacement, the horizontal distance between the left side wall of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5 and the left side wall of the X-shaped shearing failure region (namely the crack left end point) and the horizontal distance between the right side wall of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5 and the right side wall of the X-shaped shearing failure region (namely the crack right end point) are not less than 0.15m, the top surface of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5 is positioned above the top surface of the X-shaped shearing failure region (namely the crack upper end point) and the vertical distance between the top surface of the X-shaped shearing failure region and the crack upper end point is not less than 0.1 m.

Simultaneously, for guaranteeing the earthing and excavating the in-process loess cave 1's steadiness prevents that the vault from being cut and replace 5 too big excavations of chamber and destroying loess cave 1, the vault is cut the horizontal interval between the left side wall in replacement chamber 5 and the X type and cut the left side wall in the damaged area (promptly the crack left end point) and the vault is cut the right side wall that replaces chamber 5 and is located X type and cut the right side wall in the damaged area (promptly the horizontal interval between crack right end point) is 0.15m ~ 0.3m, the vault is cut the vertical interval between the top surface in replacement chamber 5 and the top surface in X type shearing damaged area (promptly the crack upper end point) and is 0.1m ~ 0.2 m. Therefore, the horizontal distance between the left side contour line and the left end point of the crack and the horizontal distance between the right side contour line and the right end point of the crack are both 0.15-0.3 m, and the vertical distance between the top contour line and the upper end point of the crack is 0.1-0.2 m.

Therefore, the soil in the X-shaped shearing and damaging area and the unstable soil on the periphery of the X-shaped shearing and damaging area which are damaged can be removed, and the stability of the loess cave dwelling 1 cannot be influenced, so that the vault shearing and replacing cavity 5 is reasonable in structural and dimensional design, and the excavation is simple and convenient.

In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the left side contour line and the left end point of the crack and the horizontal distance between the right side contour line and the right end point of the crack are both 0.2m, and the vertical distance between the top contour line and the upper end point of the crack is 0.1 m.

During actual construction, the horizontal distance between the left side contour line and the left end point of the crack, the horizontal distance between the right side contour line and the right end point of the crack and the vertical distance between the top contour line and the upper end point of the crack can be respectively and correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.

In order to avoid the influence of the soil covering excavation process on the stability of the loess cave dwelling 1, when the soil covering in the area with the cut vault in the soil covering layer is excavated in the first step, the soil covering in the area with the cut vault is excavated by adopting a manual excavation method.

In this embodiment, when the covering soil in the cut area of the vault in the covering soil layer is excavated in the first step, the covering soil in the cut area of the vault is manually cut by using a cutting tool.

During actual construction, a digging knife or a shovel knife can be manually adopted to dig and remove the covering soil in the vault sheared area.

In this embodiment, the loess that adopts during the replacement is the loess of loess cave dwelling 1 regional week side, acquires the convenience to the input cost is lower, the loess is for replacing soil.

In order to further ensure the filling speed and the filling quality of the replacement soil, when the replacement soil is adopted to fill the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 in the step two, the vault shearing replacement layer 6 is filled in multiple layers from top to bottom;

the vault sheared displacement layer 6 is divided into a plurality of displacement soil layers from top to bottom, the displacement soil layers are arranged from top to bottom, the displacement soil layers are all horizontal soil layers which are arranged horizontally, and the thickness of each displacement soil layer is 25 cm-35 cm.

During actual construction, the layer thicknesses of the plurality of replacement soil layers can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.

The vault is cut the bottom surface on replacement layer 6 and is the same for arch and its shape of cross section and size and the shape of cross section and the size of its position department loess cave 1, therefore, adopts the utility model discloses consolidate the back to loess cave 1, the later stage need not to maintain loess cave 1's arch ring, and labour saving and time saving, economical and practical, the result of use is very good.

In order to further improve the connection strength and the connection quality between the vault sheared replacement layer 6 and the soil body on the peripheral side, before the replacement soil is filled in the step two, the left side wall, the right side wall and the top surface of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5 in the step one are roughened respectively.

And (3) when the left and right side walls and the top surface of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 in the step one are roughened, roughening is carried out by adopting a roughening machine. During actual construction, a chiseling machine can be used for chiseling, a planing machine can be used for planing, and only the left side wall and the right side wall and the top face of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 can be processed into rough faces.

In this embodiment, the loess cave dwelling 1 is a cave dwelling close to the cliff, so that the inner side wall of the loess cave dwelling 1 connected with the inner end of the vault shearing replacement layer 6 needs to be roughened, so as to improve the connection strength and connection quality between the inner end of the vault shearing replacement layer 6 and the soil body on the peripheral side.

In this embodiment, when the vault shear displacement layer 6 is filled in multiple layers from top to bottom in the second step, when the bottom surface of each displacement soil layer is rough, the improvement of the connection strength and the connection quality between the displacement soil layer and the next displacement soil layer is facilitated, so that the bottom surface of each displacement soil layer does not need to be ground, the construction is simple and convenient, labor and time are saved, the connection strength and the connection quality between two adjacent displacement soil layers can be effectively ensured, the integrity of the vault shear displacement layer 6 formed by construction is ensured, and the connection reliability between the vault shear displacement layer 6 and the soil body on the peripheral side can be ensured.

As shown in fig. 6, in order to ensure that the soil replacement filling process in the second step is simple and rapid, and further ensure the filling quality of the sheared and displaced layer 6 of the vault in the construction molding and the smoothness and the construction quality of the outer end surface of the sheared and displaced layer 6 of the vault on the kiln face of the loess cave 1, and reduce the workload of the post-finishing, before the soil replacement filling in the second step, a lateral molding template 15 is erected outside the loess cave 1, and the lateral molding template 15 is vertically arranged and is tightly attached to the kiln face of the loess cave 1; the side forming template 15 is positioned outside the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 and is a plugging template for plugging the outer port of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5.

In this embodiment, the side forming forms 15 are rectangular forms.

In practical use, the side forming die plate 15 can also be a die plate with other shapes, such as an arch die plate, and the like, and only the outer port of the arch crown shearing replacement cavity 5 needs to be plugged.

In this embodiment, the side molding board 15 is a wooden board.

In addition, a formwork support frame for supporting the side molding formwork 15 is installed in the loess cave dwelling 1.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 1: in the second step, a steel bar framework is arranged in the vault shearing replacement layer 6, and the steel bar framework is horizontally arranged and arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1; the steel bar framework is a cubic framework and is fixedly fastened in the vault sheared replacement layer 6;

the steel bar framework comprises four stress steel bars 12 which are horizontally arranged and a plurality of tie bars 14 which are vertically arranged, wherein the four stress steel bars 12 are all arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1, the length of the four stress steel bars 12 is the same as the depth of the loess cave dwelling 1, and the four stress steel bars 12 are respectively arranged at the top parts of the left side and the right side of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5 and the lower parts of the left side and the right side; multichannel the drawknot muscle 14 is the rectangle reinforcing bar and its all suit is four the atress reinforcing bar 12 outside, multichannel the size homogeneous phase of drawknot muscle 14 just its depth direction along loess cave dwelling 1 lays from inside to outside.

In actual arrangement, four stress steel bars 12 are respectively arranged on four top corners of a rectangle.

And after the construction of the vault shear displacement layer 6 is completed in the second step, the steel reinforcement framework is fixedly fastened in the vault shear displacement layer 6, and the steel reinforcement framework is arranged in the vault shear displacement layer 6 in a through length mode, so that the integrity, the supporting strength and the shearing strength of the vault shear displacement layer 6 can be effectively improved, the reinforcing effect of the loess cave 1 is further ensured, the construction is simple and convenient, and the investment cost is low.

Before the replacement soil is filled in the step two, the reinforcing steel bar framework is arranged in the vault sheared replacement cavity 5, and the reinforcing steel bar framework is supported and arranged by a plurality of vertical supporting frames arranged in the loess cave dwelling 1 from inside to outside along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1.

In this embodiment, vertical support frame is the steel bar support who sets up by many reinforcing bars and form, and actual processing is simple and convenient and the input cost is lower.

During actual construction, vertical support frame also can adopt the support frame of other types, like steel pipe support, wooden support etc. only need can satisfy steel skeleton's steady support demand can.

And in the process of filling the replacement soil in the second step, the steel bar framework is supported by the plurality of vertical support frames.

And in the second step, after the construction of the vault sheared replacement layer 6 is completed, the plurality of vertical supporting frames can be detached.

In this embodiment, the rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 1: in the first step, a door-shaped drawknot net 7 is fixed in the vault shearing replacement cavity 5, and the door-shaped drawknot net 7 consists of a horizontal drawknot net fixed on the top surface of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 and two vertical drawknot nets respectively fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5;

and after the replacement soil is filled in the second step, the door-shaped tying net 7 is fixed between the vault sheared replacement layer 6 and the soil covering layer on the peripheral side of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5.

Before the replacement soil is filled in the second step, a drawknot net 7 is arranged in the vault shearing replacement cavity 5, and the left side wall, the right side wall and the top surface of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 are covered by the drawknot net 7.

In actual use, the bonding net 7 is a steel bar net or a woven net, the woven net is a packing belt woven net or a rope woven net, the packing belt woven net is a net formed by weaving a plurality of packing belts, and the rope woven net is a net formed by weaving a plurality of ropes. Wherein, the rope is a nylon rope or the like.

In this embodiment, the drawknot net 7 is the packing belt woven net.

The bonding effect of the water glass on the packing belt woven net is better, and the connection strength between the packing belt woven net and the soil body on the periphery of the packing belt woven net can be further ensured.

The packing belt is a strapping belt which is prepared by using polyethylene and polypropylene resin as main raw materials and nylon and polyester as raw materials through extrusion and unidirectional stretching.

In this embodiment, the packing belt is a PP packing belt or a PET packing belt. Wherein, the PP packing belt (also called polypropylene packing belt) is produced by using polypropylene as a raw material. PET packing belt (also known as plastic steel packing belt) is produced by using PET polyester as raw material.

In actual use, the grid shape of the packing belt woven net is rhombic or rectangular.

In this embodiment, the mesh shape of the woven net of the packing belt is square. And, what is moreThe grid area of the packaging belt woven net is 10cm²～50cm²。

When the packaging belt is actually used, the grid area of the packaging belt woven net can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.

As shown in fig. 9, the adopted bonding net 7 is arranged at a reasonable position, and because the two cracks 2 extend from the bottom to the top of the arch ring vault of the loess cave dwelling 1, the bonding net 7 is arranged between the vault shear displacement cavity 5 and the vault shear displacement layer 6, so that the cracks 2 can be effectively limited and prevented from further developing to the outer side of the vault shear displacement cavity 5; moreover, the outside of the X-shaped shearing damage area (namely the X-shaped shearing damage area 10) after the occurrence of the tensile net 7 forms a firm and stable omnibearing tensile structure, so that the reinforcing area is further increased, the soil body above the arch ring of the loess cave dwelling 1 can be comprehensively reinforced, and the reinforcing effect of the loess cave dwelling 1 can be improved; meanwhile, the shear strength of the soil body at the position of the tie net 7 can be effectively enhanced, the tie net 7 is fixedly fastened in the soil body and is integrally fastened and connected with the soil body, a stable and reliable shear-resistant belt is formed, and the integrity and the stress performance of the vault of the loess cave dwelling 1 can be effectively improved.

In order to further improve the reinforcing effect, a plurality of anti-shearing pieces 8 are distributed on the tying net 7, and the anti-shearing pieces 8 are all inserted into soil above the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 or soil on two sides of the left side of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5.

After the construction of the vault shear displacement layer 6 is completed, the plurality of shear resistant pieces 8 are all fastened and fixed in the soil body on the peripheral side of the vault shear displacement layer 6.

In this embodiment, each shear member is fixedly connected with the drawknot net 7 into a whole through a binding wire. Wherein the binding wire is a fiber wire or a binding rope.

In this embodiment, the shear resistant member 8 is a steel bar or a bolt.

In practice, the shear block 8 may be other types of shear block components, such as plastic rods.

In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the left side contour line and the left end point of the crack and the horizontal distance between the right side contour line and the right end point of the crack are both 0.15m, and the vertical distance between the top contour line and the upper end point of the crack is 0.15 m.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 10, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 1: a reinforcing template 11 is erected in the loess cave dwelling 1, the cross section of the reinforcing template 11 is arched and is positioned below the vault sheared and replaced layer 6; the reinforcing template 11 is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1, and the length of the reinforcing template 11 is the same as that of the vault sheared displacement layer 6; the cross section width of reinforcing template 11 is greater than the vault and receives the horizontal width of cutting replacement layer 6, reinforcing template 11's the left and right sides upper surface all hugs closely with the upper surface of loess cave dwelling 1.

After the replacement soil is filled in the second step, a stable supporting force is provided through the reinforcing template 11, so that the forming quality of the vault sheared replacement layer 6 can be effectively ensured, the compactness of the soil body in the vault sheared replacement layer 6 is ensured, the reinforcing effect is improved, the soil body on the upper part of the arch ring of the loess cave 1 before the vault sheared replacement layer 6 is cured is effectively prevented from collapsing, the loess cave 1 is effectively reinforced, and the construction safety is further improved; simultaneously, can effectively ensure the shaping effect of consolidating 1 hunch circle in back loess cave dwelling, the later stage need not to maintain the hunch circle in loess cave dwelling 1, economical and practical, and the result of use is very good.

In this embodiment, the reinforced formwork 11 is supported by the scaffold 9, the scaffold 9 is formed by erecting a plurality of steel pipes, and the actual support is simple and firm. The scaffold 9 is located in the loess cave dwelling 1 and supported below the reinforcing formwork 11. The reinforced template 11 is a wood template.

And after the vault is formed by the shear displacement layer 6, dismantling the scaffold 9 and the reinforced template 11.

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional width of the reinforcing template 11 is further increased, and the cross-sectional shape and size of the reinforcing template 11 are the same as those of the arch ring of the loess cave dwelling 1.

Therefore, the reinforcing templates 11 are uniformly distributed below the arch rings of the loess cave dwelling 1, and the reinforcing effect can be further improved.

In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the left side contour line and the left end point of the crack and the horizontal distance between the right side contour line and the right end point of the crack are both 0.3m, and the vertical distance between the top contour line and the upper end point of the crack is 0.2 m.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 1: the depth of the loess cave dwelling 1 is more than 2 m;

the vault is cut regional along loess cave dwelling 1's the direction of depth and is divided into a plurality of sections of waiting to excavate from inside to outside, the vault is cut and is replaced chamber 5 and divide into a plurality of replacement chamber sections from inside to outside along loess cave dwelling 1's the direction of depth.

When the earthing soil of the vault sheared area is excavated in the first step, respectively excavating the earthing soil in the segments to be excavated from inside to outside along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1;

after the covering soil in each section to be excavated is excavated, forming a displacement cavity section;

and when the replacement soil is filled in the step two, filling the plurality of replacement cavity segments from inside to outside along the depth direction of the loess cave 1.

Because the depth of loess cave dwelling 1 is great, therefore once only to the hunch top receive to cut when replacing the earthing in chamber 5 and excavate, the safety risk of existence is great, and is great to the steadiness influence of loess cave dwelling 1. Therefore, the covering soil in the segments to be excavated is respectively excavated, so that the potential safety hazard existing in one-time excavation is reduced.

And, because twice crack 2 extends along loess cave dwelling 1's depth direction outside-in, therefore loess cave dwelling 1 inboard shearing destruction degree is less, therefore the excavation of 1 inboard section of waiting to excavate of loess cave dwelling in earthing influences the stability of loess cave dwelling 1 less, therefore earlier to 1 inboard section of waiting to excavate of loess cave dwelling in the earthing excavate except that to and along loess cave dwelling 1's depth direction from inside to outside will be a plurality of wait to excavate the earthing in the section respectively except that, can dig the process of earthing except that to fall to minimumly to the stability influence of loess cave dwelling 1, ensure construction safety.

In this embodiment, the longitudinal length of the segment to be excavated is 1m to 1.5 m.

During actual construction, the longitudinal length of the segment to be excavated can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.

In this embodiment, the segment to be excavated, which is located at the innermost side in the vault shearing area, is an inner-side segment to be excavated, and the segment to be excavated, which is located at the outermost side in the vault shearing area, is an outer-side segment to be excavated;

in the second step, the vault sheared replacement layer 6 is divided into a plurality of replacement layer sections from inside to outside along the depth direction of the loess cave 1, and each replacement cavity section is internally provided with one replacement layer section; all the displacement layer sections in the vault sheared displacement layer 6 are fixedly connected into a whole;

in the process of earthing and excavating the sheared area of the vault in the first step, filling the plurality of displacement cavity segments with the displacement soil from inside to outside according to the method in the second step, wherein the process comprises the following steps:

step A, excavating covering soil and filling replacement soil in the segment to be excavated on the inner side: excavating the covering soil in the segments to be excavated on the inner side to obtain the replacement cavity segments of the segments to be excavated on the inner side; filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step by using the replacement soil to obtain the replacement layer segment of the segment to be excavated on the inner side;

step B, excavating covering soil and filling replacement soil in the next section to be excavated: after the replacement layer segment of the previous segment to be excavated is filled, excavating the covering soil in the segment to be excavated to obtain the replacement cavity segment of the segment to be excavated; filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step by using the replacement soil to obtain the replacement layer segment of the segment to be excavated which is constructed currently;

the last segment to be excavated is the segment to be excavated, which is positioned at the inner side of the segment to be excavated and is adjacent to the segment to be excavated;

step C, replacement completion judgment: judging whether the replacement layer segments of the segments to be excavated on the outer side are filled completely: when the replacement layer section of the section to be excavated on the outer side is filled, judging that the loess cave dwelling 1 is reinforced, and obtaining a constructed and formed vault sheared replacement layer 6; otherwise, returning to the step B.

According to the content, for further improvement construction safety nature, reliability, treat excavation segment internal earthing excavate the process and carry out with replacement soil filling process in turn, avoid loess cave dwelling 1 in a plurality of treat excavation segment internal cover soil is whole to be dug the problem that influences 1 steadiness in loess cave dwelling after removing.

Meanwhile, in order to further improve the connection strength and the connection quality between each replacement layer segment and the soil body on the peripheral side in the vault shearing replacement layer 6, before the replacement soil is adopted in the step A and the step B to fill the replacement cavity segments obtained in the step, the left side wall, the right side wall and the top surface of the replacement cavity segments obtained in the step are roughened respectively.

And when the left side wall, the right side wall and the top surface of the replacement cavity segment are roughened, roughening is performed by adopting a roughening machine. During actual construction, a chiseling machine can be used for chiseling, a planing machine can be used for planing, and only the left side wall, the right side wall and the top face of the replacement cavity segment can be processed into rough faces.

In this embodiment, since the loess cave 1 is a cliff cave, before filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in this step with the replacement soil in step a, the inner side wall of the loess cave 1 connected with the inner end of the vault shear replacement layer 6 needs to be roughened, so as to improve the connection strength and connection quality between the inner end of the vault shear replacement layer 6 and the soil body on the side of the vault.

In order to further ensure the filling speed and the filling quality of the replacement soil, in the embodiment, each replacement layer segment is divided into a plurality of replacement soil layer segments from top to bottom, the plurality of replacement soil layer segments are arranged from top to bottom, the plurality of replacement soil layer segments are all horizontal soil layers which are arranged horizontally, and the thickness of each horizontal soil layer is 25 cm-35 cm.

During actual construction, the layer thicknesses of the plurality of replacement soil layer segments can be adjusted correspondingly according to specific requirements.

And B, when the replacement soil is adopted to fill the replacement cavity segments obtained in the step A and the step B, filling the replacement cavity segments in multiple layers from top to bottom, and specifically filling a plurality of replacement soil layer segments in the replacement cavity segments respectively.

Every the bottom surface of replacement layer segment section is arch and its shape of cross section and size and the shape of cross section and the size of its position department loess cave dwelling 1 the same, therefore, adopts the utility model discloses consolidate the back to loess cave dwelling 1, the later stage need not to maintain loess cave dwelling 1's arch ring, and labour saving and time saving, economical and practical, the result of use is very good.

In this embodiment, when the replacement cavity segments are filled in multiple layers from top to bottom, when the bottom surface of each replacement soil layer segment is rough, the joint strength and the joint quality between the replacement soil layer segment and the next replacement soil layer segment are improved, so that the bottom surface of each replacement soil layer segment does not need to be ground, and meanwhile, the construction is simple and convenient, labor and time are saved, the joint strength and the joint quality between two adjacent replacement soil layer segments can be effectively ensured, the integrity of the replacement layer segment formed by construction is ensured, and the joint reliability between the replacement layer segment and the soil body on the peripheral side can be ensured.

Because only the covering soil in one section to be excavated is excavated at one time, when the section to be excavated except the section to be excavated on the outer side is filled with the replacement soil, the soil on the four sides of each section to be excavated forms the side template of the section to be excavated with the built-in layer-changing section, so that formwork support is not needed, and the actual construction is very simple and convenient.

Only when the outer side section to be excavated is filled with the replacement soil, in order to ensure that the filling process of the replacement soil is simple and rapid, and further ensure the filling quality of the built-in layer-changing section of the outer side section to be excavated and the smoothness and the construction quality of the outer end surface of the arch top sheared replacement layer 6 on the kiln face of the loess cave 1 during construction molding, and reduce the workload of later-stage finishing, before the outer side section to be excavated is filled in the step by adopting the replacement soil, a side part forming template 15 is erected on the outer side of the loess cave 1, and the side part forming template 15 is vertically arranged and is tightly attached to the kiln face of the loess cave 1; the side forming mold plate 15 is located outside the vault shearing replacement cavity 5 and is a blocking mold plate for blocking an outer port of the vault shearing replacement cavity 5, as shown in fig. 6.

In this embodiment, the side forming forms 15 are rectangular forms.

In this embodiment, the side molding board 15 is a wooden board.

Example 6

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 5, there are: a steel bar framework is arranged in the vault sheared replacement layer 6, is horizontally arranged and is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1; the steel bar framework is a cubic framework and is fixedly fastened in the vault sheared replacement layer 6;

In this embodiment, each tie bar 14 is uniformly provided with an X-shaped steel bar 19, each tie bar 14 is arranged on the same vertical surface with the X-shaped steel bar 19 inside, four stress steel bars 12 are fastened and connected by the X-shaped steel bars 19, and the X-shaped steel bars 19 are formed by connecting two straight steel bars which are arranged in a crossed manner.

After the vault is sheared replacement layer 6 construction and is accomplished, steel reinforcement framework fastening is fixed in the vault and is sheared replacement layer 6 to the vault is sheared whole journey in replacement layer 6 and lays steel reinforcement framework, can effectively improve the vault and be sheared replacement layer 6's wholeness, support strength and shear strength, further ensures loess cave dwelling 1's reinforcement effect, and the construction is simple and convenient, and the input cost is lower.

In this embodiment, framework of steel reinforcement divide into a plurality of framework of steel reinforcement segments, every from inside to outside along loess cave dwelling 1's depth direction one is established to the equipartition in the replacement chamber section framework of steel reinforcement segment, adjacent two around the framework of steel reinforcement segment fastening connection is as an organic whole.

Before filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step A with the replacement soil, laying a steel bar skeleton segment in the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step A. Before filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step B with the replacement soil, laying a steel bar framework segment in the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step, and welding and fixing the laid steel bar framework segment and the steel bar framework segment in the previous replacement cavity segment into a whole.

Correspondingly, after the steel bar framework sections are arranged in the displacement cavity sections, the vertical support frames erected in the loess cave dwellings 1 are adopted to support the arranged steel bar framework sections.

And B, when the replacement soil is adopted to fill the replacement cavity sections obtained in the step A and the step B, the steel bar framework is supported by the vertical support frame.

In this embodiment, the rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 5.

Example 7

As shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 5, there are: the arch crown shearing replacement cavity 5 is internally fixed with a door-shaped pulling and tying net 7, and the door-shaped pulling and tying net 7 consists of a horizontal pulling and tying net fixed on the top surface of the arch crown shearing replacement cavity 5 and two vertical pulling and tying nets respectively fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall of the arch crown shearing replacement cavity 5. The door-shaped tying net 7 is fixed between the vault sheared replacement layer 6 and the soil covering layer on the periphery of the vault sheared replacement cavity 5.

In this embodiment, the knot net 7 is divided into a plurality of knot net segments, every from inside to outside along the depth direction of loess cave dwelling 1 the equipartition is established in the replacement chamber segment one knot net segment, adjacent two around the knot net segment fastening connects as an organic wholely.

Before filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step A with the replacement soil, laying a drawknot net segment in the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step A, and enabling the left side wall, the right side wall and the top surface of the replacement cavity segment to be covered by the drawknot net segment. Before filling the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step B with the replacement soil, laying a drawknot net segment in the replacement cavity segment obtained in the step, enabling the left side wall, the right side wall and the top surface of the replacement cavity segment to be covered by the drawknot net segment, and simultaneously connecting and fixing the laid drawknot net segment and the drawknot net segment in the previous replacement cavity segment into a whole.

In this embodiment, the drawknot net 7 is the packing belt woven net.

In this embodiment, the mesh shape of the woven net of the packing belt is square. The grid area of the packaging belt woven net is 10cm²～50cm²。

In this embodiment, the shear resistant member 8 is a steel bar or a bolt.

Example 8

As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that: and a reinforced template 11 is erected in the loess cave dwelling 1. The cross section of the reinforced template 11 is arched and is positioned below the currently constructed replacement layer segment; the reinforced template 11 is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1, and the length of the reinforced template 11 is not less than that of the section of the currently constructed replacement layer; the cross section width of reinforcing template 11 is greater than the vault and receives the horizontal width of cutting replacement layer 6, reinforcing template 11's the left and right sides upper surface all hugs closely with the upper surface of loess cave dwelling 1.

In the step A, the replacement soil is adopted to fill the replacement cavity sections obtained in the step, and then the reinforcing template 11 is erected in the loess cave dwelling 1.

Step B, after the replacement soil is adopted to fill the replacement cavity sections obtained in the step B, the reinforcing template 11 below the previous replacement cavity section is moved outwards to the position below the currently constructed replacement cavity section, and the reinforcing template 11 is moved outwards to the position below the currently constructed replacement layer section; the reinforced template 11 is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling 1, and the length of the reinforced template 11 is not less than that of the current constructed replacement layer segment.

Therefore, after the replacement soil is adopted in the step A and the step B to fill the replacement cavity sections obtained in the step, a stable supporting force is provided through the reinforcing template 11, the forming quality of the replacement layer sections can be effectively ensured, the compactness of soil in the replacement layer sections is ensured, the reinforcing effect is improved, the soil on the upper part of the arch ring of the loess cave 1 before the replacement layer sections are solidified is effectively prevented from collapsing, the loess cave 1 is effectively reinforced, and the construction safety is further improved; simultaneously, can effectively ensure the shaping effect of consolidating 1 hunch circle in back loess cave dwelling, the later stage need not to maintain the hunch circle in loess cave dwelling 1, economical and practical, and the result of use is very good.

The above, only be the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, it is not right the utility model discloses do any restriction, all according to the utility model discloses the technical entity all still belongs to any simple modification, change and the equivalent structure change of doing above embodiment the utility model discloses technical scheme's within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an adopt and replace the vault and receive loess cave dwelling antidetonation reinforced structure of cutting regional earthing which characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that loess is adopted to fill a vault sheared and replaced layer (6) formed after a vault sheared and replaced cavity (5) in an earth covering layer above an arch ring of a solidified loess cave (1) is filled, and a plurality of groups of water glass injection pipes (16) are used for injecting water glass into an earth covering layer above the arch ring of the loess cave (1), two cracks (2) exist in the earth covering layer above the arch ring of the solidified loess cave (1), the two cracks (2) are arranged in a crossed mode and arranged in an X-shaped mode, the overlapped gaps between the two cracks (2) are crossed gaps (13), the upper region of each crossed gap (13) is a cavity (3), and the lower region of each crossed gap (13) is an arch top area (4);

the vault shearing displacement cavity (5) is a cavity formed by excavating earth in a vault shearing area in the soil covering layer, and the vault shearing displacement cavity (5) is a cavity with an opening at the bottom and communicated with the loess cave dwelling (1); the vault sheared area is an area where two cracks (2) are located in the soil covering layer, and the two cracks (2) are located in the vault sheared area; the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing and replacing cavity (5) are both vertical side walls, the top surface of the vault shearing and replacing cavity is horizontally arranged, the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing and replacing cavity (5) are both arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave (1), and the length of the vault shearing and replacing cavity (5) is the same as the depth of the loess cave (1);

a plurality of groups of water glass injection pipes (16) are arranged from outside to inside along the depth direction of the loess cave (1); every group water glass injection pipe (16) all include about two lay water glass injection pipes (16) on same vertical face, water glass injection pipe (16) are the straight pipe and open on it has a plurality of round holes that are used for pouring into water glass, the upper end of water glass injection pipe (16) all opens the slip casting hole.

2. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting the arch-replacing sheared area earth covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: each water glass injection pipe (16) is a straight steel pipe which is inserted into the soil covering layer from bottom to top after being sheared and replaced by the displacement layer (6) through the vault, the bottom end of each water glass injection pipe (16) extends into the loess cave dwelling (1), the bottom end of each water glass injection pipe (16) is connected with a water glass storage device for storing the water glass inside through a connecting pipe, and a hydraulic pump is arranged on the connecting pipe; the upper end of each water glass injection pipe (16) extends out to the upper part of the vault sheared replacement layer (6);

and each group of the water glass injection pipes (16) comprises a left water glass injection pipe and a right water glass injection pipe (16) which are uniformly distributed on the same cross section of the loess cave (1).

3. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the kiln faces of the loess cave (1) are vertically arranged kiln faces (17); the crack section of the two cracks (2) on the left side above the hollow (3) is a left upper crack section, the crack section of the two cracks (2) on the right side above the hollow (3) is a right upper crack section, the left upper crack section is gradually inclined upwards from right to left, and the right upper crack section is gradually inclined upwards from left to right; the left end of the upper crack section on the left side of the kiln opening face (17) is a crack left end point, the right end of the upper crack section on the right side of the kiln opening face (17) is a crack right end point, and the top-emitting area (4) on the kiln opening face (17) is located between the crack left end point and the crack right end point;

the contour line of the vault sheared area is a door-shaped contour line (18) and comprises a top contour line and a left side contour line and a right side contour line which are both positioned below the top contour line, the top contour line is horizontally arranged, and the two side contour lines are vertically arranged;

4. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the vault is divided into a plurality of displacement soil layers by the shear displacement layer (6) from top to bottom, the displacement soil layers are arranged from top to bottom, the displacement soil layers are all horizontal soil layers which are arranged horizontally, and the thickness of each displacement soil layer is 25 cm-35 cm.

5. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the depth of the loess cave dwelling (1) is more than 2 m;

the vault is cut regional the direction of depth along loess cave dwelling (1) and is divided into a plurality of sections of waiting to excavate from inside to outside, the vault is cut and is replaced chamber (5) and divide into a plurality of replacement chamber sections from inside to outside along the direction of depth of loess cave dwelling (1).

6. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a door-shaped drawknot net (7) is fixed in the vault shearing replacement cavity (5), and the door-shaped drawknot net (7) consists of a horizontal drawknot net fixed on the top surface of the vault shearing replacement cavity (5) and two vertical drawknot nets respectively fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall of the vault shearing replacement cavity (5); the door-shaped drawknot net (7) is fixed between the vault sheared replacement layer (6) and the soil covering layer on the periphery of the vault sheared replacement cavity (5).

7. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a steel bar framework is arranged in the vault sheared replacement layer (6), and the steel bar framework is horizontally arranged and arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling (1); the steel bar framework is a cubic framework and is fixedly fastened in the vault sheared replacement layer (6);

the steel bar framework comprises four stress steel bars (12) which are horizontally arranged and a plurality of tie bars (14) which are vertically arranged, wherein the four stress steel bars (12) are all arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling (1), the length of the four stress steel bars (12) is the same as the depth of the loess cave dwelling (1), and the four stress steel bars are respectively arranged at the top parts of the left side and the right side of the vault sheared replacement cavity (5) and the lower parts of the left side and the right side of the vault sheared replacement cavity; multichannel drawknot muscle (14) are the rectangle reinforcing bar and its all suit is four atress reinforcing bar (12) outside, multichannel the size homogeneous phase of drawknot muscle (14) and its depth direction along loess cave dwelling (1) lay from inside to outside.

8. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a reinforcing template (11) is erected in the loess cave dwelling (1), the cross section of the reinforcing template (11) is arched and is positioned below the vault sheared and replaced layer (6); the reinforcing template (11) is arranged along the depth direction of the loess cave dwelling (1), and the length of the reinforcing template (11) is the same as that of the vault sheared displacement layer (6); the cross section width of reinforcing template (11) is greater than the vault and receives the horizontal width of cutting replacement layer (6), the upper surface of the left and right sides of reinforcing template (11) all hugs closely with the upper surface of loess cave dwelling (1).

9. The loess cave dwelling earthquake-proof reinforcing structure adopting replacement of vault sheared area earthing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a lateral forming template (15) is erected on the outer side of the loess cave (1), and the lateral forming template (15) is vertically arranged and is tightly attached to the kiln face of the loess cave (1); the side forming template (15) is positioned outside the arch top shearing replacement cavity (5) and is a plugging template for plugging the outer port of the arch top shearing replacement cavity (5).