CN211128745U - Motor controller - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a motor controller, comprising a casing and a driving board installed in the casing through a frame, and the driving board includes a cooling fan and a plurality of high-heating components, and the space in the casing is separated It is a closed first cavity and a second cavity independent of the first cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the outside through the first opening and the second opening on the wall plate of the casing The cooling fan and a plurality of high heat-generating components are located in the second cavity, and the cooling fan forms in the second cavity inflow from the first window, and through the second window. Exhaust cooling airflow. In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the first cavity and the second cavity, while ensuring the heat dissipation effect, the sundries in the working environment are prevented from entering the first cavity, the protection effect is improved, and the layout design of the electronic components is optimized. Isolate high-heating components to avoid affecting the performance of other electronic components.

Description

Motor Controller

technical field

The implementation of the utility model relates to the field of power electronic equipment, in particular to a motor controller.

Background technique

Power electronic equipment is a kind of equipment with power electronic devices as the main functional components. With the innovation and development of science and technology, the functions of power electronic equipment have become more and more powerful, and have been widely used in all walks of life. A motor controller is a common power electronic device. It is an integrated circuit that controls the direction, speed, angle, and response time set by the motor installation by actively working. It is the core component of the drive control system.

At present, most of the motor controllers on the market use air cooling to dissipate heat, so the internal installation cavity of the motor controller is connected to the outside. However, since the electronic components in the existing motor controller are usually integrated and installed in the same cavity, the protection effect of the existing motor controller is relatively poor; when dissipating heat, sundries in the working environment (such as dust, graphite and Cutting fluid, etc.) can easily enter the cavity of the motor controller, which will affect the normal operation and use of electronic components, accelerate the aging of electronic components, or even fail or cause danger, posing a potential safety hazard.

In addition, when the existing motor controller dissipates heat, the cooling airflow will flow to various spatial positions in the entire cavity, so the cooling airflow will transfer the heat generated by the high-heat-generating electronic components to other locations, thereby affecting the performance of other electronic components. performance (such as electronic components on printed circuit boards), and shorten the service life of other electronic components, especially those with poor heat resistance.

Utility model content

The embodiments of the present invention provide a motor controller in order to solve the problems that the protection effect of the existing motor controller is poor, the performance of the electronic components is easily affected, and the service life of the components is shortened.

The technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is to provide a motor controller, which includes a casing and a driving board installed in the casing through a frame, and the driving board includes a cooling fan and a plurality of high heat generation A component, the space in the casing is divided into a closed first cavity and a second cavity independent of the first cavity, and the second cavity passes through the first cavity on the wall of the casing. The opening and the second opening are communicated with the outside; the cooling fan and a plurality of high heat-generating components are all located in the second cavity, and are formed in the second cavity by the cooling fan from the first opening. The cooling airflow that flows into the window and exits from the second fenestration.

Preferably, the motor controller includes an air duct partition; the second cavity is enclosed by the air duct partition, the wall plate of the housing and the frame.

Preferably, the high heating element includes a bus capacitor and a radiator for dissipating heat for the power module; the air duct partition includes a side plate and a bottom plate that are perpendicular to each other, and the side plate is perpendicular to the driving plate, The bottom plate is parallel to the driving board; the bottom plate has an opening, and the bus capacitor enters the second cavity through the opening.

Preferably, the top of the side plate of the air duct partition is in contact with the wall plate of the casing, and the position where the wall plate of the casing and the side plate abuts has a strip-shaped protrusion perpendicular to the wall plate. When the air channel partition plate is installed on the housing, the side plate of the air channel partition plate is in contact with the strip-shaped convex plate.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the air duct partition has a snap groove perpendicular to the bottom plate, the frame has a snap plate corresponding to the snap slot, and the air duct partition plate is installed to the When the casing is installed, the card board is inserted into the card slot.

Preferably, a wire outlet is provided on the side plate of the air duct partition, and the components in the first cavity are electrically connected to the components in the second cavity through cables passing through the wire outlet; A cover plate is provided on the casing at a position corresponding to the wire outlet.

Preferably, the upper surface of the bottom plate of the air duct partition plate has a plurality of ribs arranged around each of the openings respectively, and the lower surface of the bottom plate of the air channel partition plate has a plurality of ribs respectively surrounding the openings. Sleeve for hole setting.

Preferably, the first fenestration is located on the bottom plate of the casing, and the second fenestration is located on the top plate of the casing.

Preferably, the cooling fan is located inside the first window opening, and the plurality of high heat-generating components are located between the cooling fan and the second window opening.

Preferably, the edge of the driving board has a plurality of power terminals, the plurality of power terminals are exposed to the outside of the casing through the terminal holes on the casing, and there is a seal between the power terminals and the terminal holes pieces.

The motor controller of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by arranging a first cavity and a second cavity independent of the first cavity, and forming a cooling airflow in the second cavity, that is, the cooling air duct is arranged In the second cavity, it can effectively avoid affecting the electronic components disposed in the first cavity during heat dissipation, prevent sundries in the working environment from entering the first cavity, improve the protection effect, and make the use of electronic components more efficient. The operation is more stable; in addition, by arranging the high-heating components in the second cavity, the layout design of the electronic components can be optimized, which can ensure the efficient heat dissipation of the high-heating components while isolating the high-heating components and avoid affecting other components. The performance of electronic components, protect other electronic components and extend the life of other electronic components.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of the decomposition of a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a drive board provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air duct baffle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal part of a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more clearly understood, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, it is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the motor controller provided by the embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in order to show the internal structure more clearly, some components are omitted in the figure, and the motor controller can be applied to In the field of power electronic equipment, especially in motor controllers that use air-cooled heat dissipation. 2 and 3, the motor controller in this embodiment includes a housing 1 and a drive board 3 installed in the housing 1 through a frame 2, and the drive board 3 includes a cooling fan 31 and a plurality of high-heating components 32. The above-mentioned frame 2 can be integrally made of thermally conductive material through a die-casting process, which is convenient to process and can assist in heat dissipation (transfer heat), thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

The above-mentioned housing 1 includes a closed first cavity and a second cavity independent of the first cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the outside through the first opening 11 and the second opening 12 on the wall plate 13 of the housing 1 . (that is, only the second cavity of the entire motor controller is communicated with the outside, and the other parts are closed), so that the first cavity can be effectively isolated, so that the first cavity is not connected to the external environment, and the internal elements of the first cavity can be improved. device protection. Of course, in practical applications, a third cavity can also be provided in the first cavity, so that the third cavity is independent of the second cavity, which can be determined according to actual needs.

Further, the cooling fan 31 and the plurality of high-heat-generating components 32 are located in the second cavity, and when the cooling fan 31 is driven to operate, a pressure difference can be formed between the second cavity and the external environment, thereby forming a pressure difference in the second cavity. The cooling airflow that flows in from the first opening 11 and is discharged from the second opening 12 is the cooling air duct of the motor controller formed by the first opening 11 , the second cavity and the second opening 12 . Air-cooled heat dissipation inside the motor controller.

In addition, since the plurality of high-heat-generating components 32 are located in the second cavity, the cooling airflow in the second cavity can be used to directly transfer the heat on the high-heat-generating components 32, thereby efficiently dissipating heat from the plurality of high-heat-generating components 32. , to ensure the cooling effect. In practical applications, the plurality of high-heat-generating components 32 (specifically, the conductive connecting portions of the high-heat-generating components 32 ) can be assembled into the first cavity, and then the main body portions of the plurality of high-heat-generating components 32 can pass through the first cavity. The first cavity and the wall plate of the second cavity are inserted into the second cavity, so as to realize air cooling and heat dissipation of the main body of the high heating element 32 .

The above-mentioned motor controller is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity independent of the first cavity, and the first window 11, the second cavity and the second window 12 constitute a cooling air duct, and then use a cooling fan to form a cooling air duct. 31 The cooling airflow is formed in the cooling air duct, which can effectively prevent the sundries in the working environment (such as dust, graphite, cutting fluid, etc.) from entering the first cavity (preventing sundries from corroding) printed circuit board), so as not to affect the electronic components installed in the first cavity, thereby improving the protection effect on the electronic components, and making the use and operation of the electronic components more stable.

In addition, the above-mentioned motor controller can effectively optimize the layout design of the electronic components by arranging the high-heating components 32 in the second cavity, which can not only ensure efficient heat dissipation of the high-heating components 32, but also isolate the high-heating components at the same time. The device 32 avoids affecting the performance of other electronic components, protects other electronic components and prolongs the service life of other electronic components.

Specifically, the motor controller is further provided with an air duct partition 4, and the air duct partition 4 is mainly used to separate the first cavity and the second cavity in the motor controller, and the second cavity is separated by the air duct. The plate 4 is formed together with the frame 2 and the wall plate 13 of the housing 1 . Through the frame 2 and the wall plate 13 of the casing 1, no additional auxiliary structure is required, the overall structure can be made more simple and reasonable, the utilization rate of the internal space can be improved, and the structural design of the air duct partition 4 can be simplified for easy assembly.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the high heat generation component 32 includes a bus capacitor 321 and a heat sink 323 for dissipating heat for the power module 322 (the power module 322 is specifically installed on the drive board 3 ). In the second cavity, it is convenient for the cooling airflow formed in the second cavity to directly dissipate heat to the radiator 323, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. In a specific application, the drive board 3 may also have cement resistors, absorption capacitors, etc., and the cement resistors, absorption capacitors, etc. may be distributed in the same area of the drive board 3 as the power module 322 (for example, the lower side of FIG. 3 ), and The heat is dissipated uniformly by the heat sink 323 .

During assembly, the drive plate 3 can be installed on the lower surface of the frame 2 (the frame 2 can specifically include a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, and the drive plate 3 is installed under the horizontal plate), that is, the drive plate 3 is installed on the first cavity, thereby separating the driving board 3 from the second cavity. Then, the upper surface of the power module 322 on the drive board 3 is attached to the bottom surface of the frame 2, the substrate of the heat sink 323 is attached and fixed to the upper surface of the frame 2, and the heat generated by the power module 322 is dissipated by the thermal conductivity of the frame 2. Transfer to the radiator 323 for heat dissipation and cooling. Of course, in practical applications, an avoidance window can also be opened in the frame 2 so that the power module 322 can be inserted into the avoidance window. At this time, the heat sink 323 can directly transfer the heat on the power module 322 to improve the heat dissipation effect.

Further, the above-mentioned air duct partition 4 includes side plates 41 and bottom plates 42 that are perpendicular to each other, and after the air duct partition 4 is assembled, the side plate 41 is perpendicular to the drive plate 3, and the bottom plate 42 is parallel to the drive plate 3, so that it can be Improve the rationality of the overall structure, facilitate the overall structure and layout design, avoid the existence of assembly angles and increase the difficulty of structural closed design and assembly operations. Of course, in practical applications, the relative positional relationship (such as the relative angle) of the side plate 41 and the bottom plate 42 of the air duct partition 4 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to ensure the effective isolation of the first cavity and the second cavity, to ensure that Closure of the first cavity.

Since the bottom plate 42 of the air duct partition 4 is provided with the opening 421, and the shape and size of the opening 421 match the bus capacitor 321, after the assembly is completed, the bus capacitor 321 on the driving board 3 can pass through the opening 421 enters the second cavity, thereby improving the protection effect on the driving board 3 (the first cavity) and using the cooling airflow formed in the second cavity to directly dissipate heat to the bus capacitor 321 efficiently, improving the practicality of the structural design. sex.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the top of the side plate 41 of the air duct partition 4 is in contact with the wall plate 13 of the housing 1 . Specifically, the position where the wall plate 13 of the casing 1 abuts against the side plate 41 has a strip-shaped convex plate 131 perpendicular to the wall plate 13 , and when the air duct partition 4 is installed on the casing 1 , the The side plate is attached to the strip-shaped convex plate 131 . Specifically, the side surface of the top of the side plate 41 of the air duct partition 4 facing away from the second cavity may be in contact with the side surface of the strip-shaped convex plate 131 facing the second cavity. The structure is simple and reliable, and at the same time, the connection position between the top of the air duct partition 4 and the casing 1 can be sealed, so as to avoid the occurrence of assembly gaps and affect the sealing performance of the first cavity.

In addition, the bottom surface of the bottom plate 42 of the air duct partition plate 4 has a card slot 43 perpendicular to the bottom plate 42 , and the frame 2 has a clip plate 21 corresponding to the card slot 43 . , the card board 21 is embedded in the card slot 43 . Sealing the connection position between the bottom of the air duct partition 4 and the frame 2 by means of snap connection can not only locate and fix the air duct partition 4, but also further improve the sealing of the first cavity, so that the first cavity can be better protection.

In order to further improve the practicability of the air duct partition 4, one end of the side plate 41 of the air duct partition 4 close to the second opening 12 can be bent and arranged towards the second opening 12, so that it can act as a wind guide and make the second opening 12. The cooling airflow in the cavity flows smoothly and efficiently to the second opening 12 , which is beneficial to improve the circulation flow efficiency of the cooling airflow and improve the heat dissipation effect.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the side plate 41 of the air duct partition 4 has a wire outlet 44 , and the components in the first cavity are electrically connected to the components in the second cavity through cables passing through the wire outlet 44 . Specifically, the casing 1 has a cover plate 14 at a position corresponding to the wire outlet 44. After the cables of the wire outlet 44 are assembled, the wire outlet 44 can be sealed by the cover plate 14 to ensure the sealing of the first cavity and realize the motor control. The high protection design of the device.

In addition, the wire outlet 44 is located on the adjacent side of the cooling fan 31 , at a position where the wind field is weak, avoiding the blowing direction of the cooling fan 31 , which can further improve the sealing of the first cavity.

The upper surface of the bottom plate 42 of the air duct partition 4 has a plurality of ribs 422 arranged around each opening 421 respectively, and the lower surface of the bottom plate 42 of the air duct partition 4 has a plurality of ribs 422 arranged around the opening 421 respectively. The sleeve 423 can improve the connection stability between the air duct partition 4 and the bus capacitor 321 .

In particular, the first window 11 is located on the bottom plate 42 of the casing 1, and the second window 12 is located on the top plate of the casing 1, so that the cooling airflow can be dissipated by flowing from bottom to top, and the heat dissipation effect can be effectively improved.

Specifically, the cooling fan 31 is located inside the first window 11 , and a plurality of high-heat-generating components 32 are located between the cooling fan 31 and the second window 12 to ensure the heat-dissipating effect on the plurality of high-heat-generating components 32 , and The heat is efficiently discharged to the outside through the second fenestration 12 .

The edge of the above-mentioned driving board 3 has a plurality of power terminals, and the plurality of power terminals are exposed to the outside of the casing 1 through the terminal holes on the casing 1, so as to facilitate conductive connection with the outside. In addition, in order to prevent the multiple terminal holes on the housing 1 from affecting the sealing of the first cavity, a silicone seal 33 is provided between the power terminals and the terminal holes to achieve high protection of the motor controller.

The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The changes or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A motor controller, comprising a housing and a drive board installed in the housing through a frame, and the drive board comprises a cooling fan and a plurality of high-heating components, characterized in that the space in the housing is It is divided into a closed first cavity and a second cavity independent of the first cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the outside through the first opening and the second opening on the wall plate of the housing. The cooling fan and a plurality of high-heat-generating components are located in the second cavity, and the cooling fan forms an inflow from the first opening in the second cavity, and flows from the second opening through the cooling fan. Cooling airflow from the window. 2 . The motor controller according to claim 1 , wherein the motor controller comprises an air duct partition; the second cavity is composed of the air duct partition, the wall plate of the housing and the frame. 3 . enclosed. 3 . The motor controller according to claim 2 , wherein the high heating element comprises a bus capacitor and a radiator for dissipating heat for the power module; the air duct partition comprises mutually perpendicular side plates and a radiator. 4 . a bottom plate, and the side plate is perpendicular to the driving board, and the bottom plate is parallel to the driving board; the bottom plate has an opening, and the bus capacitor enters the second cavity through the opening body. 4 . The motor controller according to claim 3 , wherein the top of the side plate of the air duct partition abuts against the wall plate of the casing, and the wall plate of the casing abuts against the side plate. 5 . The connecting position has a strip-shaped convex plate perpendicular to the wall plate, and when the air duct partition plate is installed to the housing, the side plate of the air duct partition plate is in contact with the strip-shaped convex plate . 5 . The motor controller according to claim 3 , wherein the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the air duct partition plate has a card slot perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the frame has a card slot corresponding to the card slot. 6 . The card board is inserted into the card slot when the air duct partition plate is installed on the housing. 6 . The motor controller according to claim 3 , wherein a wire outlet is provided on the side plate of the air duct partition, and the components in the first cavity pass through the wire passing through the wire outlet. 7 . The cable is conductively connected with the components in the second cavity; the casing is provided with a cover plate at a position corresponding to the wire outlet. 7 . The motor controller according to claim 3 , wherein the upper surface of the bottom plate of the air duct partition plate has a plurality of rib plates respectively arranged around each of the openings, and the air duct partition plate The lower surface of the bottom plate of the plate has a plurality of sleeves respectively arranged around the openings. 8 . The motor controller according to claim 1 , wherein the first opening is located on the bottom plate of the housing, and the second opening is located on the top plate of the housing. 9 . 9 . The motor controller according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling fan is located inside the first window opening, and the plurality of high heat-generating components are located in the cooling fan. 10 . between the fan and the second window. 10 . The motor controller according to claim 1 , wherein the edge of the driving board has a plurality of power terminals, and the plurality of power terminals pass through the terminal holes on the housing. 11 . It is exposed to the outside of the housing, and there is a sealing member between the power terminal and the terminal hole.

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