CN211011390U - Garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system - Google Patents

Garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN211011390U
CN211011390U CN201921968339.5U CN201921968339U CN211011390U CN 211011390 U CN211011390 U CN 211011390U CN 201921968339 U CN201921968339 U CN 201921968339U CN 211011390 U CN211011390 U CN 211011390U
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flue gas
chamber
water
heat recovery
recovery system
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王树众
赵军
王涛
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system, pyrolysis gasifier are connected with the semi-dry desulfurization tower through second combustion chamber, two segmentation water-cooling walls, quenching chamber in proper order, are provided with the gravity settling chamber in the middle flue gas pipeline of two segmentation water-cooling walls, and the water pipeline of two segmentation water-cooling wall exports is connected through the water supply line of cooling tower, water pump and quenching chamber in proper order, carries out desulfurization dechlorination through the semi-dry desulfurization tower to the flue gas. The utility model discloses can realize the ultralow emission of pollutant, use semidry method whirl desulfurization technique, increase flue gas through-flow time, improve the efficiency of desulfurization dechlorination, also do not have wastewater discharge, use two segmentation water-cooling walls simultaneously, spout ammonia at the back end rotation type, reduce nitrogen oxide's emission promptly, also control the temperature of denitrogenation, reach a high-efficient denitrogenation effect.

Description

Garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of rubbish pollutant control and heat recovery, concretely relates to rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system.
Background
With the pace of the urbanization process in China being accelerated, the production amount of urban domestic garbage is rapidly increased. How to effectively dispose the domestic garbage becomes a big problem for city managers. Because China has a lot of people, the traditional domestic garbage landfill disposal mode faces the dilemma that site selection is more and more difficult.
In order to realize the reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness of municipal solid waste treatment, the construction of a municipal solid waste incineration power plant is becoming the first choice of a municipal manager. However, when the household garbage is put into a garbage incineration power plant for incineration, a lot of smoke pollutants with strong pollution are generated, and the part of pollutants mainly contain components such as dust, acid gas, kaki and the like, so that the control of the pollutants is also paid attention by the nation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that to the not enough among the above-mentioned prior art, provide a rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system, the generation of effective control nitrogen oxide, oxysulfide and chloride reduces the emission to atmospheric pollutants.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system, includes pyrolysis gasifier, and pyrolysis gasifier is connected with the semidry process desulfurizing tower through second combustion chamber, two segmentation water-cooled walls, quench chamber in proper order, is provided with the gravity settling chamber in the middle flue gas pipeline of two segmentation water-cooled walls, and the water pipeline of two segmentation water-cooled wall export is connected through the water supply pipeline of cooling tower, water pump and quench chamber in proper order, carries out desulfurization dechlorination to the flue gas through the semidry process desulfurizing tower.
Specifically, the semi-dry desulfurization tower sequentially comprises a flue gas swirling chamber, an atomization adjusting chamber, a flue gas mixing chamber, a drying desulfurization chamber and an ash collecting chamber from top to bottom, wherein an ash discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the ash collecting chamber.
Furthermore, a smoke inlet is arranged on the smoke swirling chamber in a tangential manner.
Furthermore, a rotational flow device is arranged between the smoke swirling chamber and the atomization adjusting chamber, and an angle-adjustable rotating blade is arranged in the rotational flow device.
Furthermore, an atomization spray gun is arranged on the atomization adjusting chamber, and one end of the atomization spray gun is connected with the limestone slurry nozzle and the compressed air inlet respectively.
Furthermore, the atomizing spray gun can move up and down along the atomizing regulating chamber.
Furthermore, the lower end of the drying and desulfurizing chamber is provided with four flue gas collecting pipelines at intervals, and the four flue gas collecting pipelines are obliquely arranged upwards and are connected with the flue gas collecting box and the flue gas outlet pipeline.
Specifically, the front section space and the rear section space of the two-section water-cooled wall are different in size.
Furthermore, a plurality of ammonia spraying openings are formed in the rear half section of the two-section water-cooled wall and are respectively connected with an ammonia water tank.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:
the utility model relates to a rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system, the emission of effective control nitrogen oxide, oxysulfide and chloride has reduced the bonding of flying dust at the wall in the high temperature flue gas simultaneously, has also realized the effective control of dioxin, and the reduction pollutant is to atmospheric emission.
Furthermore, the smoke tangentially enters the smoke swirling chamber through the smoke inlet to form rotating smoke, so that the smoke forms a rotating airflow, and the smoke has a sufficient swirling amount. The flue gas passes through the cyclone device again, and the cyclone device can automatically adjust the angle of the rotating blade according to the flow and the temperature of the flue gas, and the rotating blade is matched with the flue gas rotating angle at the outlet of the flue gas swirling chamber, so that the speed matched with the atomizing angle is achieved.
Furthermore, the position of an atomizing spray gun in the flue gas mixing chamber can be automatically adjusted up and down according to the flow entry of the flue gas, so that the contact area of the atomized slurry and the flue gas is maximized, and the atomized slurry is not sprayed on the wall surface.
Furthermore, the lower end of the drying and desulfurizing chamber is connected with the four flue gas collecting pipelines, so that the flue gas in the drying chamber can be prevented from being short-circuited to cause uneven flue gas flow field, the full reaction of the sulfur in the flue gas and atomized slurry is further ensured, the flue gas collecting pipelines incline upwards, large-particle dust can slide into the dust collecting chamber along the pipeline wall, and more fly ashes are discharged through the dust discharge port.
Furthermore, the flue gas mixing chamber is a horn mouth for flue gas and more even mixture of atomizing thick liquid, and the flue gas has reduced rotational flow speed again, has increased the dwell time of flue gas, provides the guarantee for the sulphur of flue gas and the abundant reaction of atomizing thick liquid.
Further, the space size difference of the front and back section of two segmentation water-cooling walls, preceding one section keep the original speed of flue gas to carry out the heat transfer, and the gas temperature reduces, and the dust gathering, when through the back end, the space limit is big, then the velocity of flow limit is slow, helps subsiding of dust.
Furthermore, a plurality of ammonia spraying openings are formed, so that rotary ammonia spraying is formed, the rotary ammonia spraying openings are better mixed with flue gas, the reaction time is increased, and the nitrogen oxide content is better controlled.
To sum up, the utility model discloses can realize the minimum emission of pollutant. By using the semidry cyclone desulfurization technology, the through-flow time of the flue gas is increased, the efficiency of desulfurization and dechlorination is improved, and no wastewater is discharged. Meanwhile, the two-section water-cooled wall is used, ammonia is sprayed in a rotary mode at the rear section, emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced, the denitrification temperature is controlled, and a high-efficiency denitrification effect is achieved.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the semi-dry desulfurization tower of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a pyrolysis gasifier; 2. a second combustion chamber; 3. a two-section water-cooled wall; 4. a gravity settling chamber; 5. an ammonia water tank; 6. a quenching chamber; 7. a semi-dry desulfurization tower; 8. a cooling tower; 9. a water pump; 10. a flue gas inlet; 11. a smoke swirling chamber; 12. a swirling device; 13. an atomizing spray gun; 14. a limestone slurry nozzle; 15. a compressed air inlet; 16. a flue gas mixing chamber; 17. a drying desulfurization chamber; 18. collecting the flue gas in a collecting box; 19. a flue gas collection pipeline; 20. a dust collecting chamber; 21. an ash discharge port; 22. a flue gas outlet duct; 23. and (4) atomizing and regulating the chamber.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system, which comprises a pyrolysis gasifier 1, a secondary combustion chamber 2, a two-stage water-cooled wall 3, a gravity settling chamber 4, an ammonia water tank 5, a quenching chamber 6, a semi-dry desulfurization tower 7, a cooling tower 8 and a water pump 9.
The pyrolysis gasifier 1 is connected with a semi-dry desulfurization tower 7 through a secondary combustion chamber 2, a two-section water-cooled wall 3 and a quenching chamber 6 in sequence, the raw garbage is stored in the pyrolysis gasifier 1 to be combusted to generate synthesis gas, the synthesis gas is continuously combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 2 to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled through the two-section water-cooled wall 3 and the quenching chamber 6 in sequence, and the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and dechlorination through the semi-dry desulfurization tower 7.
A gravity settling chamber 4 is arranged in the middle flue gas pipeline of the two-section water-cooled wall 3.
The latter half of two segmentation water-cooled wall 3 is provided with ammonia water tank 5, and the aqueous ammonia that comes out from ammonia water tank 5 spouts in the latter half of two segmentation water-cooled wall 3, forms the whirl, carries out nitrogen removal to the flue gas.
The space variation in size of the front and back sections of two segmentation water-cooled walls 3, preceding one section keeps the original speed of flue gas to carry out the heat transfer, and the gas temperature reduces, and the dust gathering when the back end, space limit is big, and then the velocity of flow is on the limit slow, helps subsiding of dust, sets up a plurality of ammonia spouts in the position that the flue gas got into the back end simultaneously, makes it form the rotation and spouts the ammonia, with the better mixture of flue gas, reaction time increases, better control nitrogen oxide volume.
The water pipeline at the outlet of the two-section water-cooled wall 3 is connected with the water supply pipeline of the quenching chamber 6 through a cooling tower 8, a water pump 9 in sequence.
Referring to fig. 2, the semi-dry desulfurization tower 7 sequentially comprises a flue gas swirling chamber 11, an atomization regulating chamber 23, a flue gas mixing chamber 16, a drying desulfurization chamber 17 and an ash collecting chamber 20 from top to bottom, wherein a flue gas inlet 10 is tangentially arranged on the flue gas swirling chamber 11, and flue gas enters the flue gas swirling chamber 11 through the flue gas inlet 10; a rotational flow device 12 is arranged between the smoke swirling chamber 11 and the atomization adjusting chamber 23, an angle-adjustable rotating blade is arranged in the rotational flow device 12, and the rotational flow strength of smoke is further increased through the rotational flow device 12 which automatically adjusts the angle of the rotating blade; an atomizing spray gun 13 capable of moving up and down along the atomizing regulation chamber 23 is arranged on the atomizing regulation chamber 23, one end of the atomizing spray gun 13 is respectively connected with a limestone slurry nozzle 14 and a compressed air inlet 15, and limestone slurry atomized by the atomizing spray gun 13 is fully mixed with flue gas in a flue gas mixing chamber 16; then enters an ash collecting chamber 20 through a drying and desulfurizing chamber 17, and the bottom of the ash collecting chamber 20 is provided with an ash discharging port 21.
The lower end of the drying and desulfurizing chamber 17 is provided with 4 flue gas collecting pipes 19 at intervals, and the 4 flue gas collecting pipes 19 are obliquely arranged upwards and are connected with a flue gas collecting box 18 and a flue gas outlet pipe 22.
The flue gas mixing chamber 7 is of a horn mouth structure, so that flue gas and atomized slurry are mixed more uniformly, the cyclone speed of the flue gas is reduced, the retention time of the flue gas is prolonged, and the sufficient reaction of sulfur in the flue gas and the atomized slurry is guaranteed.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model relates to a pollutant control method in domestic waste heat utilization process specifically does:
the raw garbage is stored in a pyrolysis gasification furnace to be combusted to generate synthesis gas, the synthesis gas is continuously combusted in a secondary combustion chamber, the generated high-temperature flue gas is cooled once through a two-section water-cooled wall and a quenching chamber, and the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and dechlorination treatment through a semi-dry desulfurization tower. And the ammonia water from the ammonia water tank is sprayed in the latter half section of the two-section water-cooled wall, the reaction temperature is controlled, a rotational flow is formed, and the flue gas is subjected to denitrification treatment.
The utility model relates to a rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system is the demand that is fit for the rural area city development, has very big demand space at industry civilian, and the effectual control nitrogen oxide of this technique sulfur oxide and the formation of chloride reduce the emission to atmospheric pollutant. The technology has the following advantages that:
(1) the flue gas forms rotational flow in the desulfurization equipment, so that the residence time of the flue gas is increased, the desulfurization and dechlorination efficiency is improved, and no wastewater is discharged.
The smoke tangentially enters the smoke swirling chamber through the smoke inlet to form rotating smoke, so that the smoke forms a rotating airflow, and the smoke has a sufficient swirling amount. The rotating smoke passing through the smoke swirling chamber passes through the swirling device again, so that the smoke reaches the speed matched with the atomizing angle. The angle of the rotating blade of the cyclone device can be automatically adjusted according to the flow of the flue gas, the speed matched with the spraying angle of the atomizing gun is achieved, and the high-efficiency desulfurization and dechlorination is achieved
The lower end of the drying and desulfurizing chamber is provided with a plurality of flue gas collecting pipelines, and the flue gas is collected in the flue gas collecting box through the collecting pipelines, so that the flue gas in the drying chamber can be prevented from being short-circuited, the flue gas flow field is not uniform, and the sufficient reaction of the sulfur in the flue gas and atomized slurry is further ensured. And the flue gas collection pipeline inclines upwards, can make the large granule dust slide into the collection ash chamber along the pipeline wall, and more flying ashes are discharged through the ash discharge mouth, and no waste water discharges, reduces secondary treatment.
(2) And ammonia is sprayed at the rear section of the two-section water-cooled wall, so that the denitrification efficiency is improved.
The space variation in size of the front and back section of two segmentation water-cooling walls, preceding one section keep the original speed of flue gas to carry out the heat transfer, and the gas temperature reduces, and the dust gathering when the back end, space limit is big, and then the velocity of flow is on the limit slow, helps subsiding of dust, sets up a plurality of ammonia spouts in the position that the flue gas got into the back end simultaneously, makes it form rotatory ammonia that spouts, with the better mixture of flue gas, reaction time increases, better control nitrogen oxide volume.
The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a rubbish pollutant control and waste heat recovery system, a serial communication port, including pyrolysis gasifier (1), pyrolysis gasifier (1) is through second combustion chamber (2) in proper order, two segmentation water-cooling walls (3), quench chamber (6) are connected with semidry desulfurizing tower (7), be provided with gravity settling chamber (4) in the middle flue gas pipeline of two segmentation water-cooling walls (3), the water piping of two segmentation water-cooling walls (3) export is through cooling tower (8) in proper order, the water supply pipe connection of water pump (9) and quench chamber (6), carry out desulfurization dechlorination through semidry desulfurizing tower (7) to the flue gas.
2. The waste pollutant control and waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the semi-dry desulfurization tower (7) comprises a flue gas swirling chamber (11), an atomization regulating chamber (23), a flue gas mixing chamber (16), a drying desulfurization chamber (17) and an ash collecting chamber (20) from top to bottom in sequence, and an ash discharge port (21) is formed in the bottom of the ash collecting chamber (20).
3. Waste pollutant control and waste heat recovery system according to claim 2, characterised in that the flue gas inlet (10) is tangentially arranged in the flue gas swirling chamber (11).
4. The garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that a cyclone device (12) is arranged between the flue gas swirling chamber (11) and the atomization regulating chamber (23), and a rotating blade with an adjustable angle is arranged in the cyclone device (12).
5. The waste pollutant control and waste heat recovery system of claim 2, characterized in that the atomizing regulating chamber (23) is provided with an atomizing spray gun (13), and one end of the atomizing spray gun (13) is connected with the limestone slurry nozzle (14) and the compressed air inlet (15) respectively.
6. Waste contaminant control and heat recovery system according to claim 5, wherein the atomizing lance (13) is movable up and down the atomizing conditioning chamber (23).
7. Waste pollutant control and waste heat recovery system according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower end of the drying and desulphurizing chamber (17) is provided with four flue gas collecting pipes (19) at intervals, the four flue gas collecting pipes (19) are arranged obliquely upwards and are connected with the flue gas collecting tank (18) and the flue gas outlet pipe (22).
8. The waste pollutant control and waste heat recovery system of claim 1, characterized in that the front space and the rear space of the two-section water wall (3) are different in size.
9. The garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system according to claim 1 or 8, wherein a plurality of ammonia injection ports are arranged at the rear half section of the two-section water-cooled wall (3), and the ammonia injection ports are respectively connected with the ammonia water tank (5).
CN201921968339.5U 2019-11-14 2019-11-14 Garbage pollutant control and waste heat recovery system Active CN211011390U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112283712A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-01-29 深圳市捷晶能源科技有限公司 Chlorine-containing and bromine-containing solid waste pyrolysis system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112283712A (en) * 2020-10-21 2021-01-29 深圳市捷晶能源科技有限公司 Chlorine-containing and bromine-containing solid waste pyrolysis system

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