System for anaerobic fermentation produces marsh gas and retrieves sulphur
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of solid waste energy, in particular to a system for producing methane and recovering sulfur through anaerobic fermentation.
Background
The number of the large-scale chickens in the world exceeds 200 hundred million, with the promotion of the agricultural industrialization process in China, large-scale and intensive livestock and poultry breeding districts become mainstream, and the domestic chicken breeding number accounts for 23 percent of the total amount in the world. The chicken manure in the chicken farm is simply accumulated and can emit foul gas, nearby water areas, soil and underground water can be polluted along with rainwater, and the chicken manure also carries a large amount of pathogenic bacteria and worm eggs to cause environmental pollution. Therefore, a mode for harmless disposal and resource utilization of the chicken manure is urgently sought. At present, chicken manure treatment modes of farms include simple piling and drying, aerobic fermentation for preparing organic fertilizer, anaerobic biogas production and the like, wherein the biogas production by anaerobic digestion is regarded as a main way for recycling and reducing the large-scale cultivation manure so as to realize pollution prevention and treatment.
In the current fermentation cylinder, the material is easily crusted at the top, and the upper portion of anaerobic jar is the acidizing reaction district, and the lower part of anaerobic jar is the anaerobic digestion district, and for the contact that increases organic matter and anaerobe, the anaerobic jar stirring is the key condition that improves mud anaerobic digestion efficiency, and prior art adopts the mechanical stirring mode mostly, but the structure is comparatively complicated, and mechanical stirring leads to stirring inhomogeneous local fermentation scheduling problem that forms easily, and current anaerobic fermentation tank bottom mud discharges comparatively difficultly.
Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of high protein in the chicken feed, short digestive tract of chicken and more crude protein in the produced chicken manure, the content of hydrogen sulfide in the methane produced by the chicken manure is higher than that of the methane produced by other livestock and poultry manure, and the maximum content can reach 6000 ppm. The common biogas desulfurization process is to absorb hydrogen sulfide by using an iron oxide desulfurizer, and abandon the desulfurizer to a designated hazardous waste collection point after reaching the rated sulfur capacity of the desulfurizer. On the other hand, as a non-renewable limited resource on the earth, the land reserves are reduced with the increase of the production amount, and the recovery of sulfur from the biogas not only increases the sulfur resource, but also reduces the environmental pressure caused by the discharge of dangerous waste substances.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a system for producing biogas and recovering sulfur by anaerobic fermentation, which removes crusts on the top of a tank body by a spraying scum removal system arranged on the top of the tank body, and simultaneously enables sludge to circularly flow in an anaerobic fermentation tank under the action of hydraulic stirring, thereby improving the retention time of sludge particles and leading the fermentation to be more thorough; meanwhile, by arranging the multi-stage desulfurizing tower, sulfur is recovered from the biogas, so that not only is sulfur resource increased, but also the environmental pressure caused by the discharge of hazardous waste substances is reduced.
Above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a system for producing biogas and recovering sulfur through anaerobic fermentation, which comprises a material pretreatment device and an anaerobic fermentation device, wherein a first gas outlet is arranged at the top of the anaerobic fermentation device, the first gas outlet is communicated with a desulfurization device, the top end of the desulfurization device is provided with a second gas outlet, and the second gas outlet is connected with a biogas storage cabinet;
the desulfurization device comprises a biological desulfurization tower and a dry desulfurization tower which are connected in sequence, and a gas-water separator is arranged between the biological desulfurization tower and the dry desulfurization tower;
the anaerobic fermentation device is 2 anaerobic fermentation tanks, and each anaerobic fermentation tank comprises a tank body and a spraying scum removing system arranged at the top of the tank body;
the spraying and scum removing system comprises a spraying pump and a spraying water distributor connected with a pipeline of the spraying pump, the spraying water distributor is connected with a plurality of spraying water inlets, and the spraying pump pumps the liquid at the bottom of the tank body to the top of the tank body for spraying;
a high-position slag discharge port is arranged above the inner part of the tank body and is communicated with a slag discharge pipe;
and a slag discharging funnel which is obliquely arranged is arranged at the top of the high-position slag discharging port.
Further, the material pretreatment device comprises a blending tank, a grid tank and a feeding tank which are sequentially connected and used for mixing materials, and the grid tank and the feeding tank are used for removing impurities, wherein the materials in the feeding tank enter the anaerobic fermentation device through a lifting pump.
Further, jar body bottom is provided with the ring type from inhaling sludge discharge system, the ring type is from inhaling a plurality of blow off pipes that sludge discharge system includes the annular setting, be provided with the mud hole on the blow off pipe, be provided with the space between the adjacent blow off pipe, still be connected with out the sewage pipe on the blow off pipe, it is used for discharging sludge toward natural pond liquid reservoir to go out the sewage pipe.
Preferably, the sludge discharge holes in the sewage discharge pipe are arranged at intervals of 20mm, and the sludge discharge holes are obliquely opened at 45 degrees downwards.
Furthermore, a feeding distributor is arranged at the bottom of the tank body and connected with the lifting pump, the feeding distributor is connected with a plurality of feeding distribution pipes, and outlets of the feeding distribution pipes are distributed in a plurality of circumferences; the outlet aperture of the feeding distribution pipe is smaller than the inlet aperture, and the feeding distribution pipe is bent at a certain angle, so that outlet liquid in the same circumference circularly moves towards the same circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the feeding distributor is connected with a circulating pump, and the circulating pump is used for pumping high-level liquid in the tank body into the feeding distributor. Preferably the liquid in the upper middle part of the tank is circulated.
Furthermore, an overflow groove is arranged at the upper part of the tank body and is connected with a biogas residue and liquid pipe.
Further, jar body bottom is provided with the inlet pipe, the inlet pipe stretches into jar internal portion through a plurality of distributing pipes, jar body top is provided with first gas outlet.
Preferably, the tank body is externally provided with a heat preservation layer, the tank body is further provided with an observation window, and the side wall of the tank body is provided with a thermometer.
Further, the biological desulfurization tower is connected with a filtrate tank and a plate-and-frame filter press, and liquid in the plate-and-frame filter press is discharged to the biogas slurry storage tank.
Preferably, the methane storage cabinet is connected with a booster fan and a cold dryer, and methane is output for combustion or power generation.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a set up and spray and remove the dross system at the jar body top, draw water from jar body lower part, pump to jar body top and spray, can remove jar internal dross, can break the shell to the material that has encrusted simultaneously, further prevent the material top encrustation; the top of the slag discharging hole is designed to be a tip, so that a scum layer can be broken, scum on the top can be discharged through the siphon action, and the materials are further prevented from crusting in the tank body;
meanwhile, by arranging the multi-stage desulfurizing tower, sulfur is recovered from the biogas, so that not only is sulfur resource increased, but also the environmental pressure caused by the discharge of hazardous waste substances is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an anaerobic reaction tank according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of the spray scum removal system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a spraying scum removing system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the high-level deslagging structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ring-type self-priming sludge discharge system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the circulation device of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic distribution point of the circulating device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overflow trough of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a system for producing biogas and recovering sulfur by anaerobic fermentation according to the present invention, wherein F represents a fecal sewage pipe, Z represents a biogas residue and biogas liquid pipe, and G represents a biogas pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a system for producing biogas and recovering sulfur by anaerobic fermentation, as shown in the figure 1-9, which comprises a material pretreatment device and an anaerobic fermentation device, wherein a first gas outlet is arranged at the top of the anaerobic fermentation device, the first gas outlet is communicated with a desulfurization device, the top end of the desulfurization device is provided with a second gas outlet, and the second gas outlet is connected with a biogas storage cabinet 28;
the desulfurization device comprises a biological desulfurization tower 25 and a dry desulfurization tower 27 which are connected in sequence, and a gas-water separator 26 is arranged between the biological desulfurization tower 25 and the dry desulfurization tower 27;
the anaerobic fermentation device is 2 anaerobic fermentation tanks, and each anaerobic fermentation tank comprises a tank body 1 and a spray scum removal system I arranged at the top of the tank body 1;
the spraying and scum removing system I comprises a spraying pump 2 and a spraying water distributor 3 connected with the spraying pump 2 through a pipeline, the spraying water distributor 3 is connected with a plurality of spraying water inlets 4, and the spraying pump 2 pumps liquid at the bottom of the tank body 1 to the top of the tank body 1 for spraying;
a high-level slag discharge port 5 is arranged above the inner part of the tank body 1, and the high-level slag discharge port 5 is communicated with a slag discharge pipe 6;
the top of the high-level slag discharge port 6 is provided with a slag discharge funnel 7 which is obliquely arranged, and the top of the slag discharge funnel 7 is an acute angle and is used for breaking a scum layer.
The utility model realizes the fermentation of the materials in the anaerobic fermentation device, and can effectively prevent the materials from crusting in the tank body; meanwhile, by arranging the multi-stage desulfurizing tower, sulfur is recovered from the biogas, so that not only is sulfur resource increased, but also the environmental pressure caused by the discharge of hazardous waste substances is reduced.
Further, the material pretreatment device comprises a blending tank 19 for mixing materials, a grid tank 20 for removing impurities and a feeding tank 21 which are connected in sequence, and the materials in the feeding tank 21 enter the anaerobic fermentation device through a lifting pump 22.
The sewage and wastewater obtained by solid-liquid separation of the collected chicken manure is put into a blending tank, and then enters a feeding tank after large-size impurities are removed by a grid tank. Establish mixer and heating coil in the allotment pond (heating coil is mainly when moving in winter to the defrosting of raw materials and guarantee that the feed temperature is above 15 degrees centigrade), stir the certain time and make the material misce bene, go into anaerobic fermentation jar through the elevator pump behind the stirring and carry out one-level anaerobic fermentation, the circulating pump is established to the fermentation jar, makes the material be in the state of mixing completely under the water conservancy stirring effect, ensures that anaerobic reaction fully goes on under suitable basicity, temperature condition. After the material is fermented in the first-stage anaerobic fermentation tank, the material enters the second-stage anaerobic fermentation tank to be continuously fermented.
Further, 1 bottom of jar body is provided with the ring type from inhaling sludge discharge system II, and the ring type is from inhaling a plurality of blow off pipes 8 that sludge discharge system includes the annular setting, is provided with mud hole 9 on the blow off pipe 8, is provided with the space between the adjacent blow off pipe 8, still is connected with out dirty pipe 10 on the blow off pipe 8, and it is used for arranging the mud toward natural pond liquid reservoir 31 to go out dirty pipe 10.
The utility model discloses a set up and spray and remove the dross system at the jar body top, draw water from jar body lower part, pump to jar body top and spray, can remove jar internal dross, can break the shell to the material that has encrusted simultaneously, further prevent the material top encrustation; the scum leak top design of setting is most advanced, can break the scum layer, through the siphon effect, can get rid of the dross at top, further prevents that the material from encrusting in jar internal portion.
Through the action of gravity of the water in the tank body, sludge enters the blow-off pipe through the sludge discharge hole and then is discharged, the sludge in the tank body can be uniformly discharged through the annular arrangement, and the sludge can be discharged by the aid of the gravity of the water, so that convenience and energy conservation are realized. The reacted biogas residues and biogas slurry enter a biogas slurry storage treatment area for agricultural use or discharge after reaching the standard after treatment.
Preferably, the sludge discharge holes 9 on the sewage discharge pipe 8 are arranged at intervals of 20mm, and the sludge discharge holes are obliquely opened at 45 degrees downwards. The sludge discharge hole is obliquely opened downwards, so that the phenomenon that the sludge discharge hole is blocked due to excessive sludge can be effectively prevented.
Further, a circulating device III is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1 and connected with the lift pump, the circulating device III comprises a feeding distributor 11, the feeding distributor 11 is connected with a plurality of feeding distribution pipes 12, and outlets of the feeding distribution pipes 12 are distributed in a plurality of circumferences; the outlet aperture of the feed distribution pipe 12 is smaller than the inlet aperture and is bent at an angle so that the outlet liquids in the same circumference circularly move in the same circumferential direction. The feeding distributor 11 is connected with a circulating pump 13, and the circulating pump 13 is used for pumping high-level liquid in the tank body 1 into the feeding distributor. Preferably, the liquid in the upper middle part of the tank 1 is circulated.
The utility model discloses a circulating pump is with jar internal portion liquid pump to the feeding distributor in to through the angle that sets up the export of feeding distributing pipe, make liquid be the circumference circulation in jar internal portion.
Preferably, the number of the feeding distribution pipes 12 is 16, outlets of every 4 feeding distribution pipes 12 are uniformly arranged on the same circumferential ring, and the bending angle of the outlets of the feeding distribution pipes 12 enables the water outlet direction to be tangent to the circumference, so that the circulating motion of the liquid at the outlets of the feeding distribution pipes 12 towards the same direction can be effectively ensured, and the hydraulic circulation of the solid internal material is realized.
Furthermore, an overflow trough 14 is arranged at the upper part of the tank body 1, and the overflow trough 14 is connected with a biogas residue and biogas liquid pipe 15. When the liquid in the tank body does not flow out in time, the liquid flows out through the overflow groove.
Further, the bottom of the tank body 1 is provided with a feeding pipe 16, the feeding pipe 16 extends into the tank body 1 through a plurality of distributing pipes 17, the top of the tank body 1 is provided with a first air outlet, the outside of the tank body 1 is provided with a heat preservation layer, the tank body is also provided with an observation window, and the side wall of the tank body is provided with a thermometer 18, so that the materials and the methane can be conveniently fed and discharged.
Preferably, the biogas storage cabinet 28 is connected with a booster fan 29 and a cooling dryer 30, and outputs biogas for combustion or power generation.
Further, a water condenser 24 is arranged between the biological desulfurization tower 25 and the anaerobic fermentation device and used for removing moisture in the methane, and the biological desulfurization tower 25 is connected with a filtrate tank 31 and a plate-and-frame filter press 32.
The biological desulfurization tower consists of a tower body, a filler and a circulating spraying system and is used for desulfurizing the methane entering the biological desulfurization tower.
The utility model discloses gas that derives from anaerobic fermentation jar gets into biological desulfurizing tower, from the partial zymotic fluid of outflow in the fermentation cylinder simultaneously, with the pump (flow 25 m)3H) pumping the part of fermentation liquor from the bottom to the top of the biological desulfurization tower for sprinkling, wherein the fermentation liquor has the function of containing much fermentation liquorMicroorganisms, and H in biogas2After S is acted, bacteria containing S simple substance can be generated and exist in a filling layer in the biological desulfurization tower, the bacteria are aerobic bacteria, therefore, before biological desulfurization is carried out, a small amount (24.5kPa, 1.18 m) of biogas generated from an anaerobic fermentation device is injected by a blower in advance3Min) air (O in air)2Content 20.9%), making it aerobic. And the fermentation liquor sprayed in the biological desulfurization tower flows to a filtrate tank after passing through the biological desulfurization tower, the filtrate tank is pumped to a plate-and-frame filter press by a pump for filter pressing, the sulfur paste is sold, and the separation liquid flows to a biogas slurry storage tank. The content of hydrogen sulfide in the methane gas is less than 100ppm, and the gas inlet requirement of a rear-end power generation unit is met; at least 98kg of sulfur paste (75% water content) was collected daily.
In conclusion, the utility model removes the crusts on the top of the tank body through the spray scum removal system arranged on the top of the tank body, and simultaneously enables the sludge to circularly flow in the anaerobic fermentation tank through the action of hydraulic stirring, thereby improving the retention time of sludge particles and leading the fermentation to be more thorough; meanwhile, by arranging the multi-stage desulfurizing tower, sulfur is recovered from the biogas, so that not only is sulfur resource increased, but also the environmental pressure caused by the discharge of hazardous waste substances is reduced.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.