CN210984802U - Battery pack structure and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery pack structure and a vehicle. The battery pack structure includes a battery pack and a power distribution box, the battery pack includes a battery box and a battery module or single cell arranged in the battery box, and the power distribution box is installed on the outer surface of the battery box . Since the power distribution box is located outside the battery pack, when the power distribution box needs to be inspected, repaired or replaced, there is no need to disassemble and assemble the battery box, which can save time for replacing or repair the power distribution box and improve work efficiency. Moreover, testing, repairing or replacing the power distribution box outside the battery pack has a larger operating space, which is convenient for operation. Therefore, the detection, maintenance or replacement of the distribution box is convenient and quick. In addition, since the power distribution box is directly installed on the outer surface of the battery box, the electrical connection between the battery pack and the power distribution box (such as the wiring harness) can be set to be shorter, which is beneficial to reduce the risk caused by the excessively long wiring harness. . And it allows a plug-in structure to be set directly between the two, thereby eliminating the need for wiring harnesses and reducing risks.

Description

Battery pack structure and vehicle

technical field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery packs, and in particular, to a battery pack structure and a vehicle.

Background technique

As the high-voltage part of electric vehicles, common power battery systems are equipped with independent high-voltage power distribution units, including electrical components such as relays and insurance. With the development of battery system power distribution technology, it is common to integrate electrical components in a distribution box, and then put the distribution box inside the battery pack. However, arranging the power distribution box inside the battery pack has the following disadvantages: the power distribution box is arranged inside the battery pack, and the battery pack is airtight. If the electrical components in the power distribution box fail, the battery pack needs to be covered for inspection or maintenance. Open it to inspect and repair the distribution box. After inspection and maintenance, the top cover of the battery pack should be closed. This will greatly increase the maintenance time and cost, resulting in a waste of money and time.

Utility model content

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery pack structure and a vehicle, in which the detection, maintenance or replacement of the power distribution box is convenient and quick.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a battery pack structure, including a battery pack and a power distribution box, the battery pack includes a battery box and a battery module or single cell disposed in the battery box, the power distribution box A case is mounted on the outer surface of the battery case.

Optionally, the power distribution box is mounted on the upper surface of the battery box, so that when the battery pack structure is mounted on the bottom of the vehicle, the power distribution box can be located between the battery pack and the body of the vehicle. between.

Optionally, the power distribution box is detachably mounted on the battery box.

Optionally, the battery pack structure further includes connecting bolts, and the power distribution box is detachably mounted on the battery box through the connecting bolts.

Optionally, the battery box is provided with a first plug-in structure, and the first plug-in structure includes a first high-voltage plug-in end and a first low-voltage plug-in end, and the power distribution box is provided with a second plug-in structure, the The second plug-in structure includes a second high-voltage plug-in terminal and a second low-voltage plug-in terminal, the first high-voltage plug-in terminal and the second high-voltage plug-in terminal cooperate to form an electrical connection, and the first low-voltage plug-in terminal is connected to the second low-voltage plug-in terminal. The plug-in ends mate to form an electrical connection.

Optionally, the battery pack structure further includes a first sealing ring disposed between the power distribution box and the battery box, and the first plug-in structure and/or the second plug-in structure are located in the first plug-in structure. within the area defined by the inner periphery of a sealing ring.

Optionally, an annular boss is arranged on the upper surface of the battery box, an annular skirt is arranged on the power distribution box, and the lower ends of the connecting bolts pass through the annular skirt and the first sealing ring in sequence and are fixed on the the annular boss.

Optionally, the battery pack structure further includes a second sealing ring located inside the first sealing ring, and the first plug-in structure and/or the second plug-in structure are located inside the second sealing ring within the area bounded by the perimeter.

Optionally, the distribution box includes an upper casing and a lower casing, the upper casing and the lower casing are connected to define a sealed space for installing components, and the upper casing and the lower casing are connected to define a sealed space for installing components. The contact surface of the lower casing is provided with a long groove for accommodating the sealant.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including the above-described battery pack structure.

Compared with the solution of installing the power distribution box inside the battery pack in the related art, in the battery pack structure provided by the present disclosure, since the power distribution box is located outside the battery pack, when the power distribution box needs to be detected, repaired or replaced When the battery box is installed, there is no need to disassemble and assemble the battery box, for example, the upper cover of the battery box does not need to be disassembled, and the process of disassembling and assembling the upper cover of the battery is saved. Therefore, it is possible to save time for replacement or maintenance of the distribution box, and to improve work efficiency. Moreover, compared with the narrow space inside the battery pack, testing, repairing or replacing the power distribution box outside the battery pack has a larger operating space, which is convenient for operation. Therefore, in the battery pack structure provided by the present disclosure, the detection, maintenance or replacement of the power distribution box is convenient and quick.

In addition, since the power distribution box is directly installed on the outer surface of the battery box, the electrical connectors (such as wire harnesses) between the battery pack and the power distribution box can be set shorter, which is beneficial to reduce the damage caused by the excessively long wire harnesses. risks, such as reducing the risk of wiring harnesses entangled with other components. Even, since the power distribution box is directly installed on the outer surface of the battery box, a plug-in structure is allowed to be directly arranged between the two, thereby eliminating the need for wire harnesses, which can save the cost of using wire harnesses while reducing risks.

Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the detailed description that follows.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the following detailed description, are used to explain the present disclosure, but not to limit the present disclosure. In the attached image:

1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the power distribution box is in a disassembled state;

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom side view of some components of a power distribution box of a battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a power distribution box of a battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein some components are shown.

Description of reference numerals

100-battery pack structure; 10-battery pack; 11-battery box; 111-upper cover; 112-box body; 12-first plug-in structure; 121-first high-voltage plug-in end; 122-first low-voltage plug-in end; 13 -Annular boss; 20-Distribution box; 21-Second plug-in structure; 211-Second high-voltage plug-in end; 212-Second low-voltage plug-in end; 22-Annular skirt; 23-Upper shell; 24-Lower shell Body; 241-bottom plate; 242-side plate; 25-long slot; 26-maintenance switch; 27-third plug-in structure; 271-third high-voltage plug-in terminal; 272-third low-voltage plug-in terminal; 281-main relay; 282 - High voltage monitoring module; 283- pre-charging group; 284- main insurance; 285- pre-charging relay; 30- connecting bolt; 41- first sealing ring; 42- second sealing ring.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, but not to limit the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional words such as "up and down" are generally defined based on the up and down when the battery pack structure 100 is installed on a vehicle, wherein "up and down" "Consistent with the up and down directions when the vehicle is in a normal driving state. "Inner and outer" refers to the inner and outer parts of the relevant parts. Additionally, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish one element from another and are not of order or importance.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , the present disclosure provides a battery pack structure 100 . The battery pack structure 100 includes a battery pack 10 and a power distribution box 20 . The battery pack 10 includes a battery box 11 and a battery pack disposed in the battery box 11 . For battery modules or single cells (not shown), the distribution box 20 is mounted on the outer surface of the battery box 11 . Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 , the battery box 11 may include a box body 112 and an upper cover 111 covering the box body 112 . The upper cover 111 and the box body 112 together define a battery module or a single cell for accommodating the battery module. installation space.

Compared with the solution of installing the power distribution box 20 inside the battery pack 10 in the related art, in the battery pack structure 100 provided by the present disclosure, since the power distribution box 20 is located outside the battery pack 10, when the power distribution box 20 needs to be installed When testing, repairing or replacing, it is not necessary to disassemble and assemble the battery box 11 , for example, it is not necessary to disassemble and assemble the upper cover 111 of the battery box 11 , which saves the process of disassembling and assembling the battery upper cover 111 . Therefore, time for replacing or maintaining the distribution box 20 can be saved, and work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, compared with the narrow space inside the battery pack 10 , the inspection, maintenance or replacement of the power distribution box 20 outside the battery pack 10 has a larger operation space, which is convenient for operation. Therefore, in the battery pack structure 100 provided by the present disclosure, the detection, maintenance or replacement of the power distribution box 20 is convenient and quick.

In addition, since the power distribution box 20 is directly installed on the outer surface of the battery box 11, the electrical connection parts (such as wire harnesses) between the battery pack 10 and the power distribution box 20 can be set to be shorter, which is beneficial to reduce the damage caused by the wiring harness. Risks caused by long lengths, such as reducing the risk of wiring harnesses entangled with other components. Even, since the power distribution box 20 is directly installed on the outer surface of the battery box 11, the plug-in structure is allowed to be directly arranged between the two (see below for the specific solution), thereby eliminating the need for wire harnesses, reducing risks and saving the use of wire harnesses. cost.

In the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 may be installed in any suitable place of the battery box 11 , such as the upper surface, the side surface, and the lower surface, which is not limited in the present disclosure. Based on the consideration that the battery pack 10 is usually installed at the bottom of the vehicle and safety, optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the power distribution box 20 may be installed on the top of the battery pack 10 . surface, such as the upper surface of the upper cover 111, so that when the battery pack structure 100 is mounted to the bottom of the vehicle, the power distribution box 20 can be located between the battery pack 10 and the body (eg, floor) of the vehicle. Therefore, it can be protected by the vehicle body and is not easily impacted by external forces, which can play a better role in protecting the power distribution box 20 and improve the safety.

In addition, the distribution box 20 is close to the vehicle body floor, so it is closer to the power module inside the vehicle, which can effectively shorten the cable length between the power distribution box 20 and the power module, and save costs.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 is detachably mounted on the outer surface of the battery box 11 , for example, detachably mounted on the upper surface of the upper cover 111 . Based on this, if the power distribution box 20 fails abnormally, the entire power distribution box 20 can be disassembled from the battery box 11 and replaced with a new power distribution box 20 , without replacing the upper cover 111 of the battery pack 10 together.

There are various ways to realize the detachable connection between the power distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 , which is not limited in the present disclosure. Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 may be installed on the battery box 11 using the connecting bolts 30 . The use of the connecting bolts 30 can ensure the stability of the installation of the power distribution box 20 on the battery box 11 (eg, the upper cover 111 ) while being detachable.

It can be understood that, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 can be detachably connected by means of snap connection.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 and the battery pack 10 are electrically connected by a plug-in structure, and the battery box 11 is provided with a first plug-in structure 12 , and the first plug-in structure 12 Including a first high-voltage plug-in terminal 121 and a first low-voltage plug-in terminal 122, the distribution box 20 is provided with a second plug-in structure 21, and the second plug-in structure 21 includes a second high-voltage plug-in terminal 211 and a second low-voltage plug-in terminal 212. The high-voltage plug-in terminal 121 cooperates with the second high-voltage plug-in terminal 211 to form an electrical connection, and the first low-voltage plug-in terminal 122 cooperates with the second low-voltage plug-in terminal 212 to form an electrical connection.

In this way, when the power distribution box 20 is installed, only the first high-voltage plug-in terminal 121 (which can be a female terminal) and the second high-voltage plug-in terminal 211 (which can be a male terminal) are inserted into each other, so that the battery pack 10 can be connected to power distribution. The high-voltage circuit between the boxes 20 is connected; at the same time, only the first low-voltage plug-in terminal 122 (which can be a female terminal) and the second low-voltage plug-in terminal 212 (can be a male terminal) are inserted into each other to realize the battery pack 10 and power distribution. The connection of the low-voltage communication circuit between the boxes 20. Based on this, the standardized exchange of the distribution box 20 can be realized. If the distribution box 20 fails abnormally, ordinary personnel (such as sales personnel) can quickly replace the distribution box 20 without professionals, so that the vehicle can return to normal in time. Driving greatly shortens the time for consumers to wait for maintenance and improves the user experience.

It can be understood that, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, a wire harness may be used for connection between the power distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 of the battery pack 10 .

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , in the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 may further include a third plug-in structure 27 , and the power distribution box 20 is electrically connected to an external power module through the third plug-in structure 27 , for example, with the vehicle OBC ( On board charger, car charger) electrical connection. Likewise, the third plug-in structure 27 may include a third high-voltage plug-in terminal 271 and a third low-voltage plug-in terminal 272 to be electrically connected to the plug-in structures of the external power modules, respectively.

In the present disclosure, in order to prevent rainwater, sludge, etc. from affecting the electrical connection of the plug-in structure, rainwater, sludge, etc. are prevented from entering the inside of the power distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 from the connection between the two. As shown in FIG. 3 , in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery pack structure 100 further includes a first sealing ring 41 disposed between the power distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 , the first plug-in structure 12 and/or the first sealing ring 41 . The two-plug-in structure is located in the area defined by the inner periphery of the first sealing ring 41 , that is, the first sealing ring 41 surrounds the plug-in structure of the distribution box 20 and the battery pack 10 , and seals the space between the distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 . The gap can prevent the first plug-in structure 12 and the second plug-in structure 21 from being affected by sundries such as rainwater and sludge, and ensure the reliability of the electrical connection of the plug-in structures.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the upper surface of the battery box 11 is provided with an annular boss 13, the distribution box 20 is provided with an annular skirt 22, and the lower end of the connecting bolt 30 passes through the annular skirt 22, the first A sealing ring 41 is then fixed to the annular boss 13 . The first sealing ring 41 is pressed between the annular boss 13 and the annular skirt 22 by the connecting bolts 30 , so that the first sealing ring 41 can well seal the gap between the annular boss 13 and the annular skirt 22 , so as to improve the sealing between the distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 .

Optionally, the annular boss 13 may be formed on the battery case 11 by screwing, welding, or integral molding (eg, injection molding), which is not limited in the present disclosure.

In order to facilitate the installation of the connecting bolt 30 and have a better sealing effect, optionally, the width a of the annular boss 13 , the first sealing ring 41 , the annular skirt 22 and the diameter d of the connecting bolt 30 can satisfy a certain relationship, for example, a-d ≥ 15mm. It is known through experiments that when this formula is satisfied, the annular boss 13 and the annular skirt 22 can have better sealing performance and facilitate the installation of the connecting bolts 30 .

It should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit the values of a-d. In other embodiments, it may be 14.98mm, 14.99mm, or the like.

Optionally, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the battery pack structure 100 further includes a second sealing ring 42 located inside the first sealing ring 41 , and the first plug-in structure 12 and/or the second plug-in structure are located in the second sealing ring within the area defined by the inner perimeter of the ring 42 . In this way, it is equivalent to double sealing at the connection position of the distribution box 20 and the battery box 11 , and the sealing performance between the distribution box 20 and the battery pack 10 can be further improved.

Optionally, the second sealing ring 42 can be styrofoam, which is bonded between the battery pack 10 and the power distribution box 20 by its foaming properties and bonding properties, which can not only ensure the stability of the installation position, but also ensure the stability of the installation position. to the sealing effect.

In the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , a maintenance switch 26 is provided on the outer surface of the distribution box 20 to control the disconnection of the electrical connection between the first high-voltage plug-in terminal 121 and the second high-voltage plug-in terminal 211 . In this way, when the power distribution box 20 needs to be inspected, repaired or replaced, the maintenance switch 26 can be used to disconnect the electrical connection between the first high-voltage plug-in terminal 121 and the second high-voltage plug-in terminal 211, and the power distribution box 20 and the battery pack can be disconnected in time The high-voltage circuit between 10 makes the maintenance of the distribution box 20 safer. And since the maintenance switch 26 is arranged on the surface of the distribution box 20, it is easy to operate.

In the present disclosure, the distribution boxes 20 may have any suitable structure and shape. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 , in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the power distribution box 20 includes an upper casing 23 and a lower casing 24 , and the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 are connected to define a space for installation In the sealing space of the components, a long groove 25 for accommodating the sealant is provided on the contact surface of the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 . Specifically, the long groove 25 may be provided on the surface of the upper casing 23 for contacting with the lower casing 24, or the long groove 25 may be provided on the surface of the lower casing 24 for contacting with the upper casing 23, and then Alternatively, the long grooves 25 may be provided on the surfaces of the upper case 23 and the lower case 24 that are in contact with each other. By filling the long groove 25 with a sealing structure glue, the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 can be bonded, so as to achieve a sealed connection between the two.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5 , the long groove 25 can be a plurality of glue grooves (for example, two glue grooves arranged in parallel) to form multiple seals and improve the sealing effect.

In other embodiments of the present disclosure, a sealing gasket can be provided between the contact surfaces between the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 , and the sealing connection between the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 can also be achieved.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a maintenance window (not shown) may be provided on the upper casing 23 and/or the lower casing 24, so that the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 are not disassembled. In the case of detection, maintenance and other operations of the components in the distribution box 20 are carried out.

The present disclosure does not limit the specific structures of the upper casing 23 and the lower casing 24 of the distribution box 20 . In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , the lower casing 24 is composed of a rectangular bottom plate 241 and a rectangular side plate 242 to form an L-shaped structure, and the upper casing 23 is configured as a cuboid box with an L-shaped notch. The body 112, the lower casing 24 and the upper casing 23 form a complete cuboid after being matched.

The long slot 25 can be formed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 241 and the side plate 242 , the components can be installed on the bottom plate 241 , and the third plug-in structure 27 and the maintenance switch 26 can be arranged on the side plate 242 .

The present disclosure does not limit the specific components of the components in the distribution box 20. Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the component components include a main relay 281, a high-voltage monitoring module 282, Precharge group 283 , main fuse 284 and precharge relay 285 . The main relay 281 can be divided into a main positive relay and a main negative relay. The main relay 281 is connected to the third plug-in structure 27 (ie, the output connector of the distribution box 20 ) to control the on-off of the entire circuit. The high-voltage monitoring module 282 is connected in series in the high-voltage loop to detect the total voltage of the battery pack 10 . The relay plays the role of sintering detection and leakage detection. The pre-charging resistor plays a role of protecting the battery pack 10 during the pre-charging process of the power distribution box 20 . The main fuse 284 functions to protect the entire battery pack 10 from overcurrent and short circuit. The role of the pre-charge relay 285 is to control the opening of the pre-charge function. Each component can be connected with a low-voltage wire harness and output to the low-voltage connector of the distribution box 20 to realize information exchange with the outside.

In addition, by adding corresponding components in the distribution box 20, other functions of the distribution box 20 can also be added, for example, the distribution control of automobile air conditioner, DC/DC (direct current to direct current), OBC (on-board charging), DC charging, AC charging and other functions.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including the above-described battery pack structure 100 .

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure. These simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, it should be noted that, the specific technical features described in the above-mentioned specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner unless they are inconsistent. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure provides The combination method will not be specified otherwise.

In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack structure, characterized in that it comprises a battery pack (10) and a power distribution box (20), wherein the battery pack (10) comprises a battery box (11) and is arranged in the battery box (11) The battery module or the single battery, the distribution box (20) is installed on the outer surface of the battery box (11). 2. The battery pack structure according to claim 1, wherein the distribution box (20) is mounted on the upper surface of the battery box (11), so as to be mounted on the battery pack structure (100) At the bottom of the vehicle, the power distribution box (20) can be located between the battery pack (10) and the body of the vehicle. 3. The battery pack structure according to claim 1, wherein the distribution box (20) is detachably mounted on the battery box (11). 4 . The battery pack structure according to claim 3 , wherein the battery pack structure ( 100 ) further comprises connecting bolts ( 30 ), and the distribution box ( 20 ) can be connected to the power distribution box ( 20 ) through the connecting bolts ( 30 ). Removably installed on the battery box (11). 5. The battery pack structure according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein a first plug-in structure (12) is provided on the battery box (11), and the first plug-in structure (12) It includes a first high-voltage plug-in end (121) and a first low-voltage plug-in end (122), the distribution box (20) is provided with a second plug-in structure (21), and the second plug-in structure (21) includes a second plug-in structure (21). A high-voltage plug-in terminal (211) and a second low-voltage plug-in terminal (212), the first high-voltage plug-in terminal (121) cooperates with the second high-voltage plug-in terminal (211) to form an electrical connection, and the first low-voltage plug-in terminal ( 122) cooperate with the second low-voltage plug-in terminal (212) to form an electrical connection. 6. The battery pack structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, the battery pack structure (100) further comprises a first power distribution box (20) and the battery box (11) arranged between the power distribution box (20) and the battery box (11). A sealing ring (41), the first insert structure (12) and/or the second insert structure (21) are located in the area defined by the inner periphery of the first sealing ring (41). 7. The battery pack structure according to claim 6, wherein an annular boss (13) is arranged on the upper surface of the battery box (11), and an annular skirt (13) is arranged on the power distribution box (20). 22), the lower end of the connecting bolt (30) passes through the annular skirt (22) and the first sealing ring (41) in sequence and is then fixed to the annular boss (13). 8. The battery pack structure according to claim 6, wherein the battery pack structure (100) further comprises a second sealing ring (42) located inside the first sealing ring (41), and the The first insert structure (12) and/or the second insert structure (21) are located in the area defined by the inner periphery of the second sealing ring (42). 9. The battery pack structure according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the power distribution box (20) comprises an upper casing (23) and a lower casing (24), the upper casing The body (23) and the lower casing (24) are connected to define a sealed space for installing components, and the contact surfaces of the upper casing (23) and the lower casing (24) are provided with Long slot (25) to accommodate sealant. 10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising the battery pack structure (100) according to any one of claims 1-9.

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