CN210723355U

CN210723355U - Base station antenna and active antenna unit for base station

Info

Publication number: CN210723355U
Application number: CN201921071679.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童恩东
Original assignee: Shenzhen Tatfook Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Tatfook Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-30
Filing date: 2019-07-09
Publication date: 2020-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-09
Also published as: CN110323565A

Abstract

The application discloses base station antenna and be used for active antenna unit of basic station, this base station antenna includes: an antenna substrate made of an insulating material; the antenna substrate comprises a first main surface and a plurality of antenna oscillators, wherein the antenna oscillators are arranged on the first main surface of the antenna substrate in an array mode, and the antenna oscillators are arranged in a sheet shape and attached to the first main surface. The base station antenna can reduce elements and cost, is simple in assembly process, and improves production efficiency.

Description

Base station antenna and active antenna unit for base station

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a base station Antenna and an Active Antenna Unit (AAU) for a base station.

Background

At present, wireless communication technology is rapidly developed, and base station antennas play an increasingly important role in network coverage. The inventor of the present application finds, in long-term research and development work, that an existing base station antenna includes an antenna substrate, a buckle, and an antenna element, where the antenna substrate is made of a metal material, and the buckle is made of an insulating material. The existing base station antenna needs to install the buckle on the antenna substrate through an assembly process, and then the antenna oscillator is installed on the buckle, so that the assembly process is complex, the number of elements of the base station antenna is large, and the cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art base station antennas, the present application provides a base station antenna and an active antenna unit for a base station.

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, which includes:

an antenna substrate made of an insulating material;

the antenna substrate comprises a first main surface and a plurality of antenna oscillators, wherein the antenna oscillators are arranged on the first main surface of the antenna substrate in an array mode, and the antenna oscillators are arranged in a sheet shape and attached to the first main surface.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides an active antenna unit for a base station, including:

the shell defines an accommodating cavity with one open end;

the filter assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is provided with a plurality of filter units which are arranged in an array mode;

as for the base station antenna, the base station antenna cover is disposed above the filter assembly, and each antenna element is connected to the corresponding filter unit.

Compared with the prior art, the base station antenna comprises the antenna substrate made of the insulating material and a plurality of antenna oscillators, no additional buckle is needed, elements are reduced, and the cost is reduced; in addition, the antenna oscillators are arranged on the first main surface of the antenna substrate in an array mode and are attached to the first main surface, the assembly process is simple, and the production efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to a first embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the base station antenna of FIG. 1 taken along line I-I;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a base station antenna according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a base station antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an active antenna unit for a base station according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a boss in an active antenna unit for a base station according to a second embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing of FIG. 6 taken along line II-II;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the seal slot and the first assembly hole of FIG. 6;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a housing in an active antenna unit for a base station according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of ribs and fins in an active antenna unit for a base station according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a reinforcing frame in an active antenna unit for a base station according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an active antenna unit for a base station according to a sixth embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the handle of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a top schematic view of the handle of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a portion of the housing of FIG. 8;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the filter assembly of fig. 5 on a side close to the power amplifier board;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the filter assembly of fig. 5 on a side facing away from the power amplifier board.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Likewise, the following examples are only some examples and not all examples of the present application, and all other examples obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive step are within the scope of the present application.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the drawings described above, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to a first embodiment of the present application. The base station antenna 10 of the present embodiment includes an antenna substrate 11 and a plurality of antenna elements 12, wherein the antenna substrate 11 is made of an insulating material, and the insulating material may include one or more of a plastic material, an inorganic material, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon dioxide, or carbon fiber.

The plurality of antenna elements 12 are arranged on the first main surface 111 of the antenna substrate 11 in an array manner, which may include a circular array or a rectangular array; each antenna element 12 is arranged in a sheet shape and attached to the first main surface 111, and the shape of the antenna element 12 may be rectangular, square or polygonal.

The antenna element 12 may be attached to the first main surface 111 by hot stamping, printing, coating, electroplating, or adhering; since the antenna element 12 is attached to the first main surface 111, the height of the antenna element 12 with respect to the antenna substrate 11 is reduced as compared with a base station antenna of the related art, and the volume of the base station antenna 10 can be effectively reduced.

The assembly process of the base station antenna 10 may include: preparing an antenna substrate 11 with a preset size by adopting an insulating material; the antenna element 12 is attached to a predetermined position of the first main surface 111 to obtain the base station antenna 10.

The base station antenna 10 of the embodiment includes an antenna substrate 11 made of an insulating material and a plurality of antenna elements 12, and the antenna elements 12 are attached to the first main surface 111 without additionally arranging fasteners, thereby reducing components and lowering cost; in addition, the assembly process of the base station antenna 10 is simple, and the production efficiency is improved.

The present application further provides a base station antenna of the second embodiment, which is described on the basis of the base station antenna 10 of the first embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the base station antenna 10 of the present embodiment may further include a reflective layer 13, where the reflective layer 13 is attached to the second main surface 112 of the antenna substrate 11 and the first main surface 111, which are oppositely disposed, that is, the reflective layer 13 may be attached to the second main surface 112 by hot stamping, printing, coating, electroplating, or adhering, and the second main surface 112 and the first main surface 111 are oppositely disposed. The material of the reflective layer 13 may include one or more of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, iron, chromium, manganese, or titanium; specifically, the material of the reflective layer 13 of the present embodiment is aluminum.

Wherein, the distance between the antenna element 12 and the reflective layer 13 may be one eighth wavelength of the center frequency of the base station antenna 10; the eighth wavelength is a theoretical value, and the actual distance between the antenna element 12 and the reflecting layer 13 may be about one eighth wavelength, which can satisfy the corresponding radiation performance.

The reflective layer 13 is used for focusing the antenna signal on the corresponding antenna element 12 to enhance the receiving capability of the base station antenna 10; the reflective layer 13 may also be used to block or shield interfering signals on the back side of the antenna substrate 11 to avoid interference with the base station antenna 10 when receiving antenna signals.

The antenna substrate 11 may be made of a plastic material including one or more of PE (Polyethylene), PP (Polypropylene), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate), PS (Polystyrene), PA (Polyamide), PPs (polyphenylene sulfide ), PC (polycarbonate), or PI (Polyimide Film). The antenna element 12 is a metal material, which may include one or more of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, iron, chromium, manganese, or titanium.

The present application further provides a base station antenna of a third embodiment, which is described on the basis of the base station antenna 10 of the first embodiment, and the base station antenna 10 of the present embodiment may not be provided with the reflective layer 13 disclosed in the second embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3, the base station antenna 10 further includes a number of antenna ports 14 equal to the number of antenna elements 12, i.e. the number of antenna ports 14 is the same as the number of antenna elements 12; each antenna port 14 is connected to a corresponding antenna element 12.

In other embodiments, the number of the plurality of antenna ports 14 and the number of the plurality of antenna elements 12 may be in a proportional relationship, for example, the ratio of the number of the plurality of antenna ports 14 to the number of the plurality of antenna elements 12 is 1:3, i.e. 3 antenna elements 12 are connected to 1 antenna port 14.

A plurality of antenna ports 14 may be provided on the second main surface 112, and the projection of the antenna ports 14 on the first main surface 111 and the antenna element 12 may at least partially overlap. In the present embodiment, the projection of the antenna port 14 on the first main surface 111 completely overlaps with the antenna element 12, and the antenna substrate 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 113 corresponding to the number of the antenna ports 14, that is, the number of the through holes 113 is the same as the number of the antenna ports 14; the through hole 113 communicates the first main surface 111 and the second main surface 112 of the antenna substrate 11.

The base station antenna 10 further includes a plurality of conductive pillars 114 respectively corresponding to the through holes 113, that is, the number of the plurality of conductive pillars 114 is the same as the number of the plurality of through holes 113; the end surface of the conductive post 114 close to the antenna element 12 is flush with the first main surface 111 of the antenna substrate 11, and the antenna element 12 is attached to the end surface of the conductive post 114.

In the assembly process of the base station antenna 10: disposing the conductive post 114 in the through hole 113 such that an end surface of the conductive post 114 on a side close to the antenna element 12 is flush with the first main surface 111 of the antenna substrate 11; the antenna element 12 is attached to the first main surface 111 of the antenna substrate 11, and since the projection of the antenna port 14 on the first main surface 111 is at least partially overlapped with the antenna element 12, the antenna element 12 is attached to the end surface of the conductive pillar 114.

The material of the conductive pillar 114 may include one or more of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, chromium, manganese, or titanium, and an end surface of the conductive pillar 114 on a side away from the antenna element 12 may be connected to the corresponding antenna port 14.

The base station antenna 10 of the present embodiment is further connected to a filter component 20, the filter component 20 may be disposed below the second main surface 112 of the antenna substrate 11, that is, the base station antenna 10 is disposed on the filter component 20, the filter component 20 includes a plurality of filter ports 21, and the number of the plurality of filter ports 21 is the same as the number of the plurality of antenna ports 14; each antenna port 14 is connected to a corresponding antenna element 12 and to a corresponding filter port 21.

The filter assembly 20 may include a plurality of filter units 22 arranged in an array, each filter unit 22 corresponds to one antenna element 12, and the antenna elements 12 are connected to the corresponding filter units 22 through the antenna ports 14 and the filter ports 21.

The base station antenna 10 of the present application may be applied to a 5G communication system, the filter assembly 20 may include a plurality of dielectric filters, and the material of the dielectric body of the dielectric filters may be a material with high dielectric constant and low loss, such as ceramic, glass, or titanate. In other embodiments, the base station antenna 10 may also be applied to other communication systems, such as a 4G communication system.

The antenna ports 14 and the corresponding filter ports 21 are plugged into each other with the base station antenna 10 covering the filter assembly 20. That is, the position of the antenna port 14 and the position of the filter port 21 are set to correspond to each other, and when the base station antenna 10 is covered on the filter module 20, the antenna port 14 and the corresponding filter port 21 can be aligned and plugged, and at this time, the antenna port 14 is connected to the corresponding filter port 21.

The antenna port 12 and the corresponding filter port 21 of the embodiment realize the alignment plug-in, and the base station antenna 10 and the filter assembly 20 are connected without additionally arranging a cable, thereby avoiding signal interference and saving cost.

The present application further provides the base station antenna of the fourth embodiment, which is different from the base station antenna of the third embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 4, the base station antenna 10 further comprises a feed line 15 attached to the first main surface 111 for connecting the antenna port 14 and the antenna element 12, so that the antenna element 12 and the feed line 15 may be attached together to the first main surface 111.

A plurality of antenna ports 14 may be disposed on the second main surface 112, and a plurality of through holes 113 corresponding to the number of antenna ports 14 are disposed on the antenna substrate 11, that is, the number of the plurality of through holes 113 is the same as the number of the plurality of antenna ports 14; the through hole 113 communicates the first main surface 111 and the second main surface 112 of the antenna substrate 11.

Optionally, the base station antenna 10 further includes a plurality of conductive pillars 114 respectively corresponding to the through holes 113, an end surface of one side of the conductive pillar 114 close to the antenna element 12 is flush with the first main surface 111 of the antenna substrate 11, and the feeder line 15 is attached to the end surface of the conductive pillar 114; the end surface of the conductive post 114 on the side away from the antenna element 12 may be connected to the corresponding antenna port 14.

The present application further provides an active antenna unit for a base station of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the active antenna unit 50 comprising a housing 51, a filter assembly 20 and a base station antenna 10. The housing 51 defines a receiving cavity with an opening at one end, and the filter assembly 20 is disposed in the receiving cavity and has a plurality of filter units 22 arranged in an array manner.

The housing 51 includes a bottom wall 511 and a plurality of side walls 512 connected to the bottom wall 511 to define an open accommodating cavity, and the housing 51 may be provided with 4 side walls 512 connected to the bottom wall 511.

The active antenna element 50 of the present application is not an antenna in the conventional sense, and organically combines the rf subsystem (e.g., the filter assembly 20, the power amplifier board 56 of the present application) and the base station antenna 10; i.e. the active antenna element 50 digitizes the feed network of the conventional antenna. The rf unit and antenna of a conventional base station are designed separately, while the active antenna unit 50 is designed by combining the active rf unit (filter assembly 20, power amplifier board 56) and the antenna (base station antenna 10). The active antenna Unit 50 integrates a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) Unit and an antenna, so that power amplification and reception of the RRU Unit are fully utilized. The active antenna unit 50 of the present application integrates an RRU unit and an antenna into one radome, and provides a radio frequency port for sending radio frequency signals to an outward vector network analyzer.

The base station antenna 10 is disposed over the filter assembly 20. Specifically, the base station antenna 10 may be disposed at an opening of the housing 51, so that the base station antenna 10 and the housing 51 form a closed accommodating cavity, and the filter assembly 20 is located in the closed accommodating cavity.

The base station antenna 10 may be the base station antenna disclosed in the above embodiments, and the second main surface of the base station antenna 10 may be spaced apart from the filter component 20. Wherein each antenna element of the base station antenna 10 is connected to a corresponding filter unit 22, respectively.

The filter assembly 20 of the present embodiment is disposed in the accommodating cavity, and the base station antenna 10 is covered above the filter assembly 20, so that the filter assembly 20 and the base station antenna 10 can be disposed on the same housing 51, which saves space and can shield interference signals.

The present application further provides an active antenna unit for a base station according to a second embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of side walls 512 are provided with a protrusion 550 protruding toward the receiving cavity at an end away from the bottom wall 511, so as to define a supporting end surface 513 having a width greater than the thickness of the side walls 512. The antenna substrate 11 is supported on the supporting end surface 513 of the side wall 512 at an end far away from the bottom wall 511, so as to cover the accommodating cavity.

The at least one side wall 512 is inclined outward, that is, the at least one side wall 512 is inclined away from the accommodating cavity with an end close to the bottom wall 511 as an origin, and an obtuse angle is formed between the at least one side wall 512 and the bottom wall 511. The obtuse angle may range from 95 to 120 °, specifically 95 °, 98 °, 110 °, 112 °, 115 °, 118 °, 120 °, and so on.

The end of the side wall 512 of the embodiment, which is far away from the bottom wall 511, is provided with a boss 550 protruding towards the accommodating cavity, when the size (length, width, height) of the housing 51 is fixed, the boss 550 faces the accommodating cavity, the distance between the two opposite side walls 512 is increased, and the use space of the accommodating cavity can be increased.

The supporting end surface 513 is divided into a first platform and a second platform in the direction toward the bottom wall 511, and the cross-sectional width of the first platform along the length direction of the housing 51 is larger than that of the second platform along the length direction of the housing 51.

As shown in fig. 7, the supporting end surface 513 is further provided with a first assembly hole 514 and a sealing groove 515, wherein the depth of the first assembly hole 514 is larger than the height of the first platform body and extends into the second platform body; the depth of seal groove 515 is less than the height of the first land such that first mounting hole 514 and seal groove 515 are disposed in support face 513.

The active antenna unit 50 of the present application further includes a sealing member, such as a waterproof adhesive tape, embedded in the sealing groove 515; the antenna substrate 11 is pressed onto the sealing member by a fastener inserted into the first assembling hole 514, that is, the first assembling hole 514 is used for inserting the fastener, so that the antenna substrate 11 is fixed on the supporting end surface 513, and at this time, the antenna substrate 11 is pressed onto the sealing member.

As shown in fig. 8, the sealing groove 515 includes first groove segments 516 extending along the length direction D1 of the supporting end surface 513 and located at two sides of the first mounting hole 514, and second groove segments 517 surrounding the periphery of the first mounting hole 514 and connecting two adjacent first groove segments 516, where the second groove segments 517 may be located at a side of the first mounting hole 514 close to the receiving cavity, that is, the first mounting hole 514 is located outside the sealing groove 515, so that the waterproof property of the active antenna unit 50 can be improved.

Specifically, the supporting end surface 513 is rectangular, the first slot segment 516 is linear, and the second slot segment 517 is arcuate. Wherein, the shortest distance between the extension line of the bisector 518 of the first slot segment 516 and the center of the first assembly hole 514 is less than one sixth of the slot width of the first slot segment 516, and the slot width of the first slot segment 516 may be the same as the slot width of the second slot segment 517.

In this embodiment, an arc-shaped second groove section 517 and a first assembly hole 514 are disposed between the first groove sections 516 of the supporting end surface 513, and compared with a continuous whole linear groove section disposed in the supporting end surface 513, the whole linear groove section is divided into a plurality of shorter first groove sections 516, so that the sealing element embedded in the sealing groove 515 is stressed more uniformly, the fixing property is stronger, and the waterproof property is better.

Wherein an extension line of the center dividing line 518 of the first slot segment 516 may pass through the center of the first fitting hole 514.

The present application further provides an active antenna unit for a base station of a third embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the sidewall 512 includes two first sidewalls 530 connected to two ends of the bottom wall 511 opposite to each other and integrally formed with the bottom wall 511, and two second sidewalls 540 formed separately from the bottom wall 511 and fixedly connected to the other two ends of the bottom wall 511 and the first sidewalls 530, respectively. Wherein the bottom wall 511 and the two first sidewalls 530 are integrally formed by an extrusion process.

In an application scenario, a material for manufacturing the shell 51 is heated and melted to be fluid; then, a screw or a plunger is adopted to push a machine head die to extrude the melted material along a fixed direction, and the melted material can be forced to pass through an opening of the machine head die to be formed into a continuous section with a constant section under the pushing of pressure by virtue of the extrusion action of the screw or the plunger, wherein the continuous section comprises a bottom wall 511 and two first side walls 530, and the extrusion direction of the machine head die is parallel to the length direction of the two first side walls 530; and finally, cooling the continuous section by a cooling device to ensure that the continuous section loses the plastic state and is solidified.

Wherein the shape of the opening of the head die is the same as the cross-section of the bottom wall 511 and the two first side walls 530 in a plane perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

In this embodiment, the two second sidewalls 540 may be respectively manufactured by die-casting or extrusion molding, and then the two second sidewalls 540 are spliced to the other two ends of the bottom wall 511 where the first sidewall 530 is not disposed, and are fixedly connected to the first sidewall 530.

The housing 51 has a cavity for receiving internal components (not shown) of the active antenna unit, such as an antenna element and a feeding line, and the housing 51 can protect the internal components from being damaged by foreign objects such as rain and dust.

The housing 51 of the present embodiment may be made of a plastic material, and the plastic material includes one or more of PE (Polyethylene), PP (Polypropylene), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), PS (Polystyrene), PA (Polyamide), PPs (polyphenylene sulfide), PC (polycarbonate), or PI (Polyimide Film). In other embodiments, the housing may also be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, which not only has super-strong corrosion resistance and impact resistance, but also has a beautifying function, and has strong electromagnetic penetration capability.

Different from the prior art, this application is used for the active antenna unit's of basic station casing adopts extrusion process to make diapire and relative both sides wall integrated into one piece, for current forming process, need not cutting and grinding process etc. consequently can not cause the waste of material, and can simplify the manufacture craft. Therefore, the embodiment of the application can simplify the manufacturing of the shell and save the production cost.

Wherein, the two second sidewalls 540 may be fixedly connected to the other two ends of the bottom wall 511 and the first sidewall 530 by welding. The second sidewall 540 may be fixed to the bottom wall 511 and the first sidewall 530 by friction stir welding. In this way, the thermal influence of the welded joint on the welded portion can be reduced, the residual stress is small, the case 51 is not easily deformed, the welding automation level can be improved, and the contamination is little.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 15, a knife structure 712 may be provided at an end 711 of the welding path of the bottom wall 511, the first side wall 530, and the second side wall 540; when friction welding is performed, the cutter rubs against the bottom wall 511 and the second side wall 540, and the first side wall 530 and the second side wall 540 respectively to melt contact surfaces of the cutter, the cutter discharging structure 712 can collect liquid brought out by the cutter from a welding path, the liquid is prevented from dropping into the shell 51, and after the liquid is cooled and solidified, the cutter discharging structure 712 and solids in the cutter discharging structure can be milled.

In other embodiments, the second sidewall, the bottom wall and the first sidewall may be fixed by screws or fasteners, and the joint of the second sidewall, the bottom wall and the first sidewall may be sealed to increase the sealing effect of the housing.

Wherein, the junction of the first side wall 530 and the bottom wall 511 is in chamfer transition connection with one side close to the accommodating cavity; the junction of the first sidewall 530 and the bottom wall 511 is non-transitional on the side away from the receiving cavity.

Optionally, the end surfaces of the bottom wall 511 and the first sidewall 530 disposed adjacent to the second sidewall 540 are stepped, the second sidewall 540 is disposed on the step, the outer surface of the second sidewall 540 is coplanar with the outermost surface of the end surface of the step, and the top surface of the second sidewall 540 is coplanar with the top surface of the first sidewall 530 to form a flat housing surface, which facilitates assembly of the housing 51 with other components.

With this configuration, the second side wall 540 can be abutted against the stepped end surface, and the second side wall 540 can be prevented from sliding into the accommodating chamber, thereby improving the stability of the housing 51.

The present application further provides an active antenna unit for a base station according to a fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, a rib 519 is integrally formed on a side of the bottom wall 511 away from the accommodating cavity, that is, the bottom wall 511 and the rib 519 are integrally formed; the bottom wall 511 is provided with a fitting hole 520. Wherein the depth of the fitting hole 520 is greater than the thickness of the bottom wall 511 and extends into the rib 519.

The fitting hole 520 of the present embodiment extends into the rib 519, so that the fitting hole 520 does not need to pierce through the bottom wall 511, thereby ensuring the sealing property of the housing 51 and preventing the signal inside the housing 51 from leaking and being interfered.

The rib 519 may be provided in a columnar shape, and an axial direction of the rib 519 is parallel to the bottom wall 511. The bottom wall 511 further has a plurality of heat dissipation fins 55 formed at intervals integrally therewith on a side thereof away from the receiving cavity, wherein the heat dissipation fins 55 are disposed on the ribs 519.

Wherein the heat sink 55 is disposed perpendicular to the bottom wall 511. The surface of the heat sink 55 may also be provided with protrusions or grooves to increase the heat dissipation area and improve the heat dissipation effect of the housing 51.

The heat sink 55 may be a sheet-like material with good thermal conductivity, such as a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet.

As further shown in fig. 5, the active antenna unit 50 of the present application further includes a power amplifier board 56 and a filter assembly 20, wherein the power amplifier board 56 is disposed in the accommodating cavity, and the filter assembly 20 is disposed above the power amplifier board 56 for electromagnetically shielding the power amplifier board 56. The power amplifier board 56 is electrically connected to the filter assembly 20, the power amplifier board 56 is configured to perform power amplification on the radio frequency signal and transmit the amplified radio frequency signal to the filter assembly 20, and the filter assembly 20 is configured to obtain a radio frequency signal with a specific frequency or a radio frequency signal other than the specific frequency from the amplified radio frequency signal. Different from the prior art, the embodiment can realize electromagnetic shielding of the power amplification board through the filter assembly without additionally installing a shielding case, so that the installation process of the active antenna unit can be simplified.

The power amplifier board 56 may be disposed on the bottom wall 511, and the heat sink 55 is used for dissipating heat of the power amplifier board 56. The thickness of the heat sink 55 may be less than the thickness of the ribs 519. The cross section of the convex rib 519 perpendicular to the axial direction is in an arc shape, and at least part of the radiating fins 55 are arranged at the arc top position of the convex rib 519.

The number of the ribs 519 may be plural, and the ribs are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the fins. The remaining portions of the fins 55 are disposed in spaced apart regions of the ribs 519.

In other embodiments, the fins 55 are all disposed at the arc tops of the ribs 519, or are all disposed at intervals between the ribs 519.

As shown in fig. 16, the filter assembly 20 of the present application is provided with a partition assembly 23 protruding from a side close to the power amplifier board 56, the partition assembly 23 is used for forming a clearance groove 24, and the clearance groove 24 is used for accommodating components on the power amplifier board 56.

Wherein, the baffle plate assembly 23 can be integrally formed with the filter assembly 20; the diaphragm assembly 23 may be formed by stamping, CNC or injection molding.

The partition plate assembly 23 includes a first partition plate 231 disposed on the outer periphery of the filter assembly 20 near the power amplification plate 56, and a plurality of second partition plates 232 and third partition plates 233 disposed in the first partition plate 231; the outer surface of the first partition 231 is flush with the side of the filter assembly 20, the inner surface of the first partition 231 is connected to the second partition 232 and the third partition 233, the third partition 233 is equally divided and perpendicular to the second partition 232, and the third partition 233 is perpendicular to one side of the first partition 231, so that the formed avoiding groove 24 is rectangular.

In other embodiments, the shape of the avoiding groove formed by the partition plate assembly can be elliptic, hexagonal and the like; and whether the shape of each avoidance groove is the same or not is not limited, the specific shape of the avoidance groove is related to the layout of the components on the power amplification unit, and the avoidance groove can accommodate the components on the power amplification unit.

The first partition plate 231, the second partition plate 232 and the third partition plate 233 are flush with one end surface of the power amplifier board 56, so that the filter assembly 20 can be stably mounted on the power amplifier board 56, and the electromagnetic leakage of the power amplifier board 56 can be reduced, thereby improving the electromagnetic shielding performance of the power amplifier board 56.

The filter assembly 20 of this embodiment includes 4 sets of filter assemblies 20, each set of filter assembly 20 includes 16 filter units 22 arranged in two rows, and the partition assembly 23 forms 16 avoiding slots 24 on one side of the filter assembly 20 close to the power amplifier board 56, so as to accommodate components on the 16 power amplifier units, respectively. Wherein, this components and parts include power amplifier.

Further, the active antenna unit for a base station in this embodiment further includes a base station antenna 50, the base station antenna 50 is disposed above the filter assembly 20, and an antenna element (not shown) of the base station antenna 50 is electrically connected to the filter unit 22 of the filter assembly 20, and is configured to transmit the radio frequency signal filtered by the filter unit 22, or receive the radio frequency signal and transmit the radio frequency signal to the filter unit 22 for clutter filtering.

The filter unit 22 is a cavity filter, and a substrate (not shown) is shared by a plurality of cavity filters. The substrate is a metal substrate, and the metal may be a metal such as copper or aluminum, or an alloy.

As shown in fig. 17, the filter unit 22 includes a plurality of cascaded resonant cavities 221 with one open end, a resonant rod (not shown) and a tuning screw (not shown) are disposed in the resonant cavities 221, and each resonant cavity 221, the resonant rod and the tuning screw in the cavity thereof form a resonator; the two cascaded resonant cavities 221 are connected through a window (not shown), and the two cascaded resonant cavities 221 perform signal transmission through the window; the first-stage resonator 221 and the last-stage resonator 221 are disposed at the edge for connection with the input/output port 412.

The filter unit 22 of this embodiment is provided with 10 resonant cavities 221, the 10 resonant cavities 221 are arranged in three rows or three columns, and each row or each column of resonant cavities 221 is staggered with the resonant cavities 221 of the adjacent row or adjacent column.

The filter assembly 20 of the present embodiment includes 4 substrates, the filter units 22 on each substrate are arranged in two rows or two columns, and the resonant cavities 221 of the filter units 22 in each row or each column are arranged identically

Of course, in other embodiments, the number of substrates is not limited; the number of filter cells on the substrate is not limited; the number and arrangement mode of resonant cavities in the filter unit are not limited; it is also not limited whether the plurality of filter cell structures are identical, etc.

Wherein the cavity 221 opens towards the base station antenna 10.

The filter unit 22 of this embodiment includes a filtering channel to implement unidirectional signal transmission. In other embodiments, the filter unit may be replaced with a filter unit including a signal receiving channel and a signal transmitting channel, so that one filter unit can simultaneously implement transceiving of signals. Of course, it is also possible to arrange multiple filter channels in one filter unit, divide the resonators in the filter unit into multiple arrangements to form multiple filter channels, then connect the multiple filter channels using a common cavity, and so on.

Different from the prior art, the active antenna unit for the base station integrates the filter component and the base station antenna into the shell, so that the integration level of the active antenna unit can be improved, and the integration level requirement of a 5G communication system can be met.

The present application further provides an active antenna unit for a base station according to a fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the active antenna unit 50 of the present application further includes a reinforcing frame 54, where the reinforcing frame 54 is used to press-fit and fix the antenna substrate 11 on the supporting end surface 513, that is, when the antenna substrate 11 is supported on the supporting end surface 513, the reinforcing frame 54 presses the antenna substrate 11, so that the antenna substrate 11 is fixed on the supporting end surface 513.

The active antenna unit 50 of the present embodiment is provided with the reinforcing frame 54 for press-fitting and fixing the antenna substrate 11 on the supporting end surface 513, which can improve the strength of fixing the antenna substrate 11 on the supporting end surface 513.

As shown in fig. 11, the reinforcing frame 54 includes a first frame body 541 and a second frame body 542 connected in an L shape, wherein the first frame body 541 is press-fit to a side of the antenna substrate 11 away from the supporting end surface 513, and the second frame body 542 is disposed on a side of the sidewall 512 away from the accommodating cavity. The reinforcing frame 54 fixes the antenna substrate 11 to the supporting end surface 513 by pressing the first frame body 541, and the reinforcing frame 54 achieves a position restriction function by the second frame body 542.

The supporting end surface 513 and the first frame body 541 may be respectively provided with a first assembly hole 514 and a second assembly hole 543, that is, the supporting end surface 513 is provided with a plurality of first assembly holes 514, a plurality of second assembly holes 543 are provided at corresponding positions of the first frame body 541, and the number of the plurality of first assembly holes 514 is the same as that of the plurality of second assembly holes 543.

The first frame body 541 and the supporting end surface 513 are further fixed to each other by fasteners inserted into the first fitting holes 514 and the second fitting holes 543; when the second assembly holes 543 and the corresponding first assembly holes 514 are aligned, the fasteners are used to fix the first frame body 541 and the supporting end surface 513, that is, to fix the reinforcing frame 54 on the supporting end surface 513; the fastening member may be a screw, and each of the first and second

fitting holes

514 and 543 may be a screw hole. Wherein, the supporting end surface 513 and the reinforcing frame 54 are both arranged in a rectangular ring shape.

The present application further provides an active antenna unit for a base station of a sixth embodiment, as shown in fig. 12-14, the active antenna unit 50 of the present embodiment further comprising a handle 57. The handle 57 includes a holding portion 571 and a connecting portion 572 connecting the holding portion 571 and the housing 51, wherein the connecting portion 572 can be fixed on the housing 51 by welding to connect the holding portion 571 and the housing 51. The side of the holding portion 571 away from the housing is provided with a fitting surface 573 matching with the external fixing column (not shown); the holding portion 571 is provided with a through hole 574 for allowing the external fixation post to pass through the through hole 574, so as to fix the handle 57 to the external fixation post. The external fixing posts may be fixing posts of a base station for placing the active antenna unit 50; i.e., the active antenna unit 50 is mounted on the external fixation post when the handle 57 is secured thereto.

The number of the connecting parts 572 may be two, and the two connecting parts 572 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the grip part 571. The distance between the two connecting portions 572 is set so that a human hand can grip the grip portion 571 between the two connecting portions 572, so that the human hand can easily grip the grip portion 571.

The number of the through holes 574 may be two, that is, two through holes 574 are provided in the grip portion 571, and the two through holes 574 are provided at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the grip portion 571.

The fitting surface 573 is curved to facilitate the external fixation post to pass through the penetration hole 574. Two connecting holes 575 are formed at two ends of the holding portion 571, and the two connecting holes 575 can be used for being fixed with a sun visor (not shown).

The width and/or thickness of the area where the assembling surface 573 is located may be greater than the width and/or thickness of the area where the holding portion 571 is connected with the connecting portion 572, for example, the width of the area where the assembling surface 573 is located is greater than the width of the area where the holding portion 571 is connected with the connecting portion 572; or the thickness of the region 573 is greater than the thickness of the region 571 where the connection part 572 is connected. The holding portion 571 is provided with a groove 576 at a side thereof away from the housing 51, and the through hole 574 is located at a bottom of the groove 576.

In the present embodiment, a mounting surface 573 matching with the external shape of the external fixing post is disposed on a side of the grip 571 away from the housing 51, a through hole 574 is disposed on the grip 571, and the external fixing post passes through the through hole 574 to fix the handle 57 to the external fixing post, so that the active antenna unit 50 can be hung on the external fixing post, thereby improving the user experience.

It should be noted that the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the description of each embodiment has a different emphasis, and reference may be made to the description in other embodiments where the description in individual embodiments is not detailed.

The protection circuit and the control system provided by the embodiment of the present application are described in detail above, and a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the embodiment of the present application, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A base station antenna, characterized in that the base station antenna comprises:

an antenna substrate made of an insulating material;

2. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna element is attached to the first major surface by stamping, printing, coating, plating, or gluing.

3. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna substrate is made of plastic material, and the antenna element is made of metal material.

4. The base station antenna of claim 1, further comprising a reflective layer attached to a second major surface of the antenna substrate disposed opposite the first major surface.

5. The base station antenna of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of antenna ports equal to or proportional to the number of antenna elements, each antenna port being connected to a corresponding antenna element and to a filter port of a corresponding filter assembly.

6. A base station antenna according to claim 5, further comprising a feed line attached to the first major surface connecting the antenna port and the antenna element.

7. The base station antenna according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of antenna ports are disposed on the second main surface, the antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to the number of the antenna ports, the through holes communicate the first main surface and the second main surface, the base station antenna further comprises a plurality of conductive pillars disposed in the through holes, an end surface of the conductive pillar on a side close to the antenna element is flush with the first main surface, and the feeder line is attached to the end surface of the conductive pillar.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of antenna ports are disposed on the second main surface, a projection of the antenna ports on the first main surface at least partially overlaps the antenna element, the antenna substrate is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to the number of the antenna ports, the through holes communicate with the first main surface and the second main surface, the base station antenna further includes a plurality of conductive posts respectively disposed in the through holes, an end surface of the conductive post on a side close to the antenna element is flush with the first main surface, and the antenna element is attached to the end surface of the conductive post.

9. The base station antenna of claim 5, wherein the base station antenna cover is disposed over the filter assembly, and the antenna ports and the corresponding filter ports are aligned with each other.

10. An active antenna unit for a base station, the active antenna unit comprising:

the shell defines an accommodating cavity with one open end;

the base station antenna as claimed in any of claims 1-9, said base station antenna cover being arranged above said filter assembly, and each of said antenna elements being connected to a corresponding one of said filter units.