CN210630257U

CN210630257U - Small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors

Info

Publication number: CN210630257U
Application number: CN201921259372.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴浩杨
Original assignee: Dongguan University of Technology
Current assignee: Dongguan University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-08-06
Filing date: 2019-08-06
Publication date: 2020-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors, which comprises a supporting plate and a control module, wherein an exhaust fan is arranged on the supporting plate, a motor is arranged on the supporting plate, the motor is connected with a sunshade through a lifting rope, a water pipe is arranged on the supporting rod, a micro water pump is arranged at the top end of the water pipe, and an RGB lamp belt is arranged at the top of the supporting rod; the control module is electrically connected with a display module, a power supply module, a sensor module, a motor driving module, an exhaust fan, a micro water pump and an RGB lamp band; the utility model adopts the shading of the shading cover and the light supplement of the RGB lamp strip to realize the illumination control; the soil temperature and humidity and the air temperature and humidity of the planting system can be controlled; the concentration of CO2 in the shed can be collected, and the collection of environmental factors can be realized; and the power supply circuit of the control module and the regulating and controlling equipment are designed to be respectively provided with the power supply circuit, so that the equipment runs stably.

Description

Small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a warmhouse booth technical field specifically is a small-size warmhouse booth that can automatically regulated internal environment factor.

Background

With the development of agricultural modernization, the position of the greenhouse in agricultural production is more and more important. In order to better meet the growth conditions of crops, improve the yield of the crops and improve the quality of agricultural products, the environmental parameters in the greenhouse are required to be strictly controlled, and a greenhouse environment monitoring system is developed at the same time. At present, the domestic greenhouse monitoring system has single function and poor stability and adaptability, the domestic greenhouse has the following defects, and the variety of the planted plants has great limitation (the favorite plants are optimal); when the illumination intensity is controlled and adjusted, sunlight can not be used for supplementing light, and energy is wasted; when the light intensity is controlled, the light intensity cannot be rapidly adjusted to a normal level, and the light intensity cannot be maintained at a normal level.

In view of the current situation of a domestic greenhouse monitoring system, the design is used for analyzing environmental factors of the greenhouse and researching a control strategy, a system design scheme is provided, the environmental factor set and the control equipment are integrated, a modular design principle is adopted, so that the fact that modules do not interfere with each other when the system runs is guaranteed, and the maintainability of the system is improved. The real-time monitoring of environmental factors in the greenhouse is realized, and the regulating and controlling equipment is turned on and off according to the monitoring information, so that the greenhouse is in a good environment which is favorable for the growth of crops.

Except what said above, this design has designed solitary supply circuit in order to guarantee central processing unit operating stability, that is to say that processor supply circuit sets up supply circuit respectively with regulation and control equipment, compares in the big-arch shelter supervisory equipment that most appears in practical application more stable.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a can automatically regulated internal environment factor's small-size greenhouse canopy has shading light filling mechanism, and temperature and humidity control adjusts, and carbon dioxide concentration detects, and controllable regulation and advantages such as dual power supply stability are with solving the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors comprises two groups of supporting plates and a control module, wherein the two groups of supporting plates are fixedly arranged, two groups of supporting plates are symmetrically arranged, exhaust fans are fixedly arranged on the supporting plates at two sides through bolts, an interactive panel is arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate at one side, supporting rods are fixedly connected between the two groups of supporting plates, a motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting plate, a winding disc is fixedly arranged at the top end of the motor, guide rings are fixedly arranged on two sides of the winding disc, a lifting rope is arranged in each guide ring, a sun shade is fixedly connected to the bottom of each lifting rope, the bottom end of the sunshade is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting plate through a fixing block, water pipes are fixedly arranged on the supporting rods on two side edges through fixing frames, micro water pumps are fixedly arranged at the top ends of the water pipes on two sides, and RGB lamp bands are fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting rods;

the control module is electrically connected with a display module, a power supply module, a sensor module, a motor driving module, an exhaust fan, a micro water pump and an RGB lamp band, the display module is electrically connected with a display, and the motor driving module is electrically connected with a motor.

Preferably, the supporting rods comprise an arch bridge type and a straight rod type, the arch bridge type supporting rods are fixed in the two groups of supporting plates at equal intervals, the straight rod type supporting rods are fixedly connected to the arch bridge type supporting rods, and the straight rod type supporting rods are perpendicular to the arch bridge type supporting rods.

Preferably, the interactive panel is provided with a display and a control key, and the control key comprises a power switch, a switch of an exhaust fan, a switch of a motor, a switch of a micro-water pump and a switch of an RGB lamp strip.

Preferably, the lifting rope penetrates through the guide ring and is fixedly connected to the winding disc, and the winding disc is provided with two groups of winding grooves.

Preferably, the water pipe is connected with an external water storage device.

Preferably, the sensor module comprises an air temperature and humidity sensor, a CO2 concentration sensor, an illumination intensity sensor and a soil temperature and humidity sensor.

Preferably, the power module is provided with two groups of power supply circuits which are respectively a control module power supply circuit and a regulation and control equipment power supply circuit.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses when the shading degree of control planting system, adopt receiving and releasing of lens hood and the light filling in RGB lamp area to realize through the PID algorithm that the lens hood receive and releases along with the environment is automatic, above mode control illumination intensity, can also control the illumination intensity of planting system inside through the height of control lens hood, utilized the PID algorithm moreover, can make the inside illumination intensity of planting system automatic maintain in the threshold value of establishing.

2. The utility model discloses when the soil humiture of control planting system, at first use the model to gather the humiture of soil for JXBS-3001-TR's soil temperature and humidity sensor, then adjust planting system's soil humiture through air discharge fan and suction pump, do not have the method of controlling soil humiture like this at present.

3. The utility model discloses a small-size greenhouse canopy can also gather the inside CO2 concentration of canopy, and the use is MG811 type CO2 gas sensor, gathers the CO2 concentration that returns, compares with the threshold value of user's input, makes corresponding regulation measure after judging, opens/closes the air discharge fan promptly.

4. The utility model discloses a small-size greenhouse canopy has a dedicated mutual interface, and the user can look over the environmental factor in the canopy through LCD to support the user through the actuating mechanism in LCD touch-sensitive screen manual control canopy suction pump, roll up curtain motor, air discharge fan, RGB lamp area.

5. The utility model discloses a guarantee the stability of central processing unit operation, designed solitary supply circuit, that is to say that treater supply circuit sets up supply circuit respectively with regulation and control equipment, and the big-arch shelter supervisory equipment who compares in practical application most of appearance has stabilized more.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the power supply voltage reduction circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the auxiliary power supply of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the relay of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the motor driving circuit of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a support plate; 2. a support bar; 3. an exhaust fan; 4. an interactive panel; 5. a display; 6. a control key; 7. a sun shade; 8. a fixed block; 9. a lifting rope; 10. a motor; 11. a winding disc; 12. a guide ring; 13. a fixing clip; 14. a water pipe; 15. a micro water pump; 16. RGB lamp area.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements; it should be further understood that terms such as "first," "second," "third," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "inner," "outer," "end," "portion," "section," "width," "thickness," "zone," and the like, may be used solely for convenience in reference to the figures and to aid in describing the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a small greenhouse shed capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors comprises supporting plates 1 and a control module, wherein two groups of supporting plates 1 are fixedly arranged, the two groups of supporting plates 1 are symmetrically arranged, and a small greenhouse shed can be formed between the supporting plates 1 due to the arrangement of the two groups of supporting plates 1; exhaust fans 3 are fixedly arranged on the supporting plates 1 at the two sides through bolts, and the exhaust fans 3 at the positions can ventilate the greenhouse; the bottom of the supporting plate 1 at one side is provided with an interactive panel 4, and the setting of the interactive panel 4 at the position can realize human-computer interaction; the support rods 2 are fixedly connected between the two groups of support plates 1, and the support rods 2 at a large position can support various devices in the greenhouse shed; the top of the supporting plate 1 is fixedly provided with a motor 10, the top end of the motor 10 is fixedly provided with a winding disc 11, two sides of the winding disc 11 are fixedly provided with guide rings 12, lifting ropes 9 are arranged inside the guide rings 12, the bottom of each lifting rope 9 is fixedly connected with a sunshade 7, the bottom end of each sunshade 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting plate 1 through a fixing block 8, and the operation of the motor 10 at the position can drive the lifting ropes 9 to lift and lower the sunshade 7, so that the control of illumination is realized; water pipes 14 are fixedly arranged on the supporting rods 2 at the two sides through fixing frames 13, miniature water pumps 15 are fixedly arranged at the top ends of the water pipes 14 at the two sides, and the miniature water pumps 15 and the water pipes 14 at the positions can be used for supplementing water to the greenhouse; the top of the support rod 2 is fixedly provided with an RGB lamp strip 16, and the RGB lamp strip 16 at the position can realize certain illumination supplement;

control module electric connection has display module, power module, sensor module, motor drive module, exhaust fan 3, micro-water pump 15 and RGB lamp area 16, display module and 5 electric connection of display, motor drive module and motor 10 electric connection, and the control module of this department can realize the control to entire system, and motor drive module can the driving motor 10 function.

As shown in fig. 3, the hardware part of the greenhouse monitoring system is composed of a central processing unit, a collection device and a regulation device. The hardware of the central processing unit is a hardware system designed by an embedded single chip microcomputer taking STM32f4 as a core; the acquisition equipment is designed in a hardware manner that the sensors are designed in a modularized manner and respectively provided with a temperature sensor module, a soil temperature and humidity sensor module, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor module, an illumination intensity sensor module and the like; the regulation and control equipment receives the regulation and control command of the central processing unit and then performs corresponding actions, such as starting or closing the regulation and control equipment for ventilation, sun shading, light supplement, air moisture supplement, soil moisture supplement and the like.

Specifically, bracing piece 2 is including encircleing bridge type and straight-bar type, and 2 equidistance of arch bridge type bracing piece are fixed in two sets of backup pads 1 to 2 fixed connection of straight-bar type bracing piece are on arch bridge

type bracing piece

2, and 2 perpendicular to arch bridge type bracing piece 2 of straight-bar type bracing piece, and the greenhouse canopy can be supported in the settlement of bracing piece 2 of this department, and be convenient for fixed to the installation of various equipment.

Specifically, be equipped with display 5 and control button 6 on the interactive panel 4, control button 6 is including switch, the switch of exhaust fan 3, the switch of motor 10, the switch of micro-water pump 15 and the switch in RGB lamp area 16, and the display 5 of this department can show the parameter of the environmental factor in the greenhouse canopy, and control button 6 can adjust according to certain needs, can realize intelligence and manual regulation.

Specifically, the lifting rope 9 passes through the guide ring 12 fixed connection on the winding disc 11, and the winding disc 11 is provided with two groups of winding grooves, and the winding disc 11 at the position can not enable the lifting rope 9 to be wound together when the lifting rope 9 is wound, so that the lifting of the sunshade cover 7 can not be realized.

Specifically, the water pipe 14 is connected with an external water storage device, and the external water storage device at the position can provide water sources for the greenhouse.

The sensor module comprises an air temperature and humidity sensor, a CO2 concentration sensor, an illumination intensity sensor and a soil temperature and humidity sensor, and the sensor in the sensor module can collect environmental factors in the greenhouse.

The air temperature and humidity sensor selectively uses DHT11, and is a temperature and humidity sensor with calibrated digital signal output; the precision humidity is + -5% RH, the temperature is + -2 ℃, the range humidity is 20-90% RH, and the temperature is 0-50 ℃; the product has the advantages of excellent quality, ultra-fast response, strong anti-interference capability, high cost performance and the like, and more importantly, each DHT11 sensor is calibrated in an extremely accurate humidity calibration chamber, so the DHT11 is fully competent.

The CO2 concentration sensor selectively uses an MG811 type CO2 gas sensor, and is characterized by good sensitivity and selectivity to CO2, small influence by temperature and humidity change, good stability and reproducibility. The application instruction shows that the kit can be used for detecting the concentration of greenhouse CO 2.

The illumination intensity sensor is a low-cost 485 illuminance sensor module by selecting GY-485 plus 44009 and GY-485 plus 44009; the working voltage is 3-5v, the power consumption is small, the volume is small, and the installation is convenient. The working principle is that the singlechip reads the illuminance sensor, the actual illuminance is obtained through calculation, and data is transmitted through the 485 chip. 485 can be used for long-distance and multi-point data transmission, and is very in line with the characteristics of agricultural design.

JXBS-3001-TR is selected as the soil temperature and humidity sensor, the sensor is suitable for measuring the soil temperature and the water content, and is calibrated by comparing with a German original high-precision sensor and a soil actual drying and weighing method, so that the precision is high, the response is fast, and the output is stable. Is less influenced by the salt content of the soil and is suitable for various soil textures. Can be buried in soil for a long time, is resistant to long-term electrolysis and corrosion, is vacuumized and encapsulated, and is completely waterproof.

Specifically, power module is equipped with two sets of supply circuit, is control module supply circuit and regulation and control equipment supply circuit respectively, and this department has designed solitary supply circuit in order to guarantee the stability of control module operation, and the big-arch shelter supervisory equipment who compares in practical application most of appear has more stabilized.

And an STM32F4 series control chip with ARM Cortex-M4 as an inner core is adopted, the clock frequency of the STM32 series chip is as high as 168MHz, the SRAM with 192K bytes and the FLASH capacity with 1M bytes are provided, the processing and calculating capacity is extremely high, and various functions of the project can be well realized.

The nRF24l01 is used for wireless data transmission for wireless communication, the nRF24l01 is characterized by extremely low power consumption, and then single-chip wireless transceiving in the 2.4G-2.5GHz universal ISM frequency band is realized, so that data is transmitted from the slave to the master, and a master command is transmitted to the slave for execution.

As shown in fig. 4-5, since the control devices use voltages of 12V and 5V, and the lamps need to use currents of 0.7A or more, considering that when all the control devices are turned on, the currents can still be normally supplied, it is determined to step down to 5V by LM2596 (supporting currents of 2A or more); in consideration of normal power supply for the LCD, the design is characterized in that an independent power supply is arranged for the main control circuit, and the AMS1117 chip is used for converting 5V into 3.3V to supply power for the chip.

As shown in fig. 6, the designed relay module is driven by a 5V power supply, and an NPN transistor is required, and a diode has a protective effect on a circuit.

As shown in FIG. 7, the core chip of the motor driving hardware circuit is BTN7971, the withstand voltage reaches 35V, and when the reference voltage is given to 12V, if the high level is given to the chip, the output of the chip is 12V. Because the positive and negative of the two motors are in opposite butt joint on hardware, if the two motors are rotated in opposite directions forever, the effect that the curtains on two sides are pulled high or pulled low at the same time is achieved, and a PID algorithm (proportional-integral-derivative controller algorithm) is used when the telescopic degree of the curtains is adjusted; and the light intensity is obtained by utilizing a sensor with the model number GY-485 plus 44009.

Example one: the light shield 7 of the planting system can be telescopic, the shading degree is variable, the light shield can be changed along with the characteristic requirements of plants, and under the condition that the illumination intensity is not strong at night and the requirements are met, the RGB lamp strip 17 (7-color red, green and blue mixed adjusting lamp strip) can be used for light supplement; for the monitoring of the illumination intensity, an GY-485 plus 44009 sensor is used and is sent to a processor STM32F407ZGT6 according to a 485 protocol. The illumination intensity sensor has the advantages of low power consumption, small volume and convenient installation, can be used for long-distance and multipoint data transmission, and is very in line with the characteristics of agricultural design. The processor compares the collected illumination intensity data with a threshold value set by a user, and finally controls the illumination intensity in the planting system to be maintained to the set threshold value level through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) algorithm. When the light is insufficient, the light is supplemented by an RGB lamp strip 16 (a 7-color red, green and blue mixed adjusting lamp strip); for different plants, the required spectra are also different, and at this time, the RGB light band 16 (7-color red, green and blue mixed regulation light band) can be controlled as required to obtain lights with different colors (corresponding to different spectra) for light supplement.

Example two: firstly, monitoring the temperature and the humidity of soil in a planting system in real time by using a soil temperature and humidity sensor with the model of JXBS-3001-TR, and opening an exhaust fan 3 when the device finds that the monitored soil temperature is higher than a set threshold value, so as to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation; when the device finds that the monitored soil humidity is lower than the set threshold value, the micro water pump 15 is started to spray water into the greenhouse shed through the water pipe 14, and therefore the temperature and humidity of soil and air are increased.

Example three: firstly, the device obtains the real-time CO2 concentration of the planting system through an MG811 type CO2 gas sensor, then the device judges according to the set threshold, when the collected CO2 concentration is higher than the set threshold, the exhaust fan 3 is started to exhaust CO2 out of the planting system, and the CO2 concentration is reduced to the threshold level.

Example four: firstly, the device detects the temperature and humidity in the air through air temperature and humidity sensor DHT11, and when the humiture in the air is lower than the threshold value, control module can start miniature water pump 15 for water pipe 14 begins to carry out the trickle to greenhouse shed inside, and control module can start exhaust fan 3 simultaneously, carries out the heat dissipation of airing exhaust to greenhouse shed inside, makes the inside humiture of greenhouse shed can reach below the threshold value that sets up.

Example five: when numerical value has moved in the experiment, but have inconvenient when changing software program information, can lead to control button 6 on the mutual panel 4 and make each equipment can operate, and then adjust the inside environmental factor of greenhouse canopy, and each sensor in the greenhouse canopy can handle the parameter of various environmental factors in the greenhouse canopy and send display 5 to after control module handles and show, be used for the experimenter to watch, make the experimenter can know the parameter of various environmental factors, and then know whether to stop the operation of each equipment.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small greenhouse that can automatically adjust internal environmental factors, comprising a support plate (1) and a control module, characterized in that: the support plate (1) is fixedly provided with two groups, and two groups of support plates (1) Symmetrical arrangement, an exhaust fan (3) is fixedly installed on the support plates (1) on both sides by bolts, an interactive panel (4) is arranged at the bottom of the support plate (1) on one side, and two sets of the support plates A support rod (2) is fixedly connected between (1), a motor (10) is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate (1), and a reel (11) is fixedly installed on the top of the motor (10). Guide rings (12) are fixed on both sides of the reel (11), a lift rope (9) is arranged inside the guide ring (12), and a sunshade (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lift rope (9). 7), the bottom end of the sunshade (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (1) through the fixing block (8), and the support rods (2) on both sides are fixedly installed through the fixing frame (13). a water pipe (14), a miniature water pump (15) is fixedly installed on the top of the water pipe (14) on both sides, and an RGB light strip (16) is fixedly installed on the top of the support rod (2);

The control module is electrically connected with a display module, a power supply module, a sensor module, a motor drive module, an exhaust fan (3), a miniature water pump (15) and an RGB light strip (16), and the display module is electrically connected to the display (5). The motor drive module is electrically connected with the motor (10).

2. A small greenhouse capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors according to claim 1, wherein the support rod (2) comprises an arch bridge type and a straight rod type, and the arch bridge type support rod (2) Equidistantly fixed in the two sets of support plates (1), and the straight rod type support rod (2) is fixedly connected to the arch bridge type support rod (2), and the straight rod type support rod (2) is perpendicular to the arch bridge type support rod ( 2).

3. A small greenhouse capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interactive panel (4) is provided with a display (5) and a control button (6), the control The button (6) includes a power switch, a switch for an exhaust fan (3), a switch for a motor (10), a switch for a micro water pump (15) and a switch for an RGB light strip (16).

4. A small greenhouse capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors according to claim 1, wherein the lift rope (9) is fixedly connected to the take-up reel (11) through the guide ring (12) , the rewinding disc (11) is provided with two sets of winding grooves.

5. A small greenhouse capable of automatically adjusting internal environmental factors according to claim 1, wherein the water pipe (14) is connected to an external water storage device.

6 . The small greenhouse according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor module includes an air temperature and humidity sensor, a CO2 concentration sensor, a light intensity sensor and a soil temperature and humidity sensor. 7 .

7 . The small greenhouse according to claim 1 , wherein the power supply module is provided with two sets of power supply circuits, which are respectively a control module power supply circuit and a regulation equipment power supply circuit. 8 .