CN210617249U

CN210617249U - Full starch plastics double screw extrusion device

Info

Publication number: CN210617249U
Application number: CN201920969156.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄卫平; 张世功
Original assignee: Qingdao Zhourui Biological Products Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Zhourui Biological Products Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-26
Filing date: 2019-06-26
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-26

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the extruder, concretely relates to full starch plastics double screw extrusion device, its major structure includes: the device comprises a base, a driving motor, a reduction gearbox, a feeding motor, a feeding port, a feeding channel, a feeding screw, a distribution box, a machine barrel, a heater, a supporting seat, a double screw, an exhaust mechanism, a machine head, a top cover, an air inlet, an exhaust port, an extrusion channel, a bolt hole, a box body, a driving gear, a driven gear, a transmission shaft, a coupling and a barrel body; the high-speed shearing force and the high temperature of the double-screw extruder are utilized to destroy the microcrystals of the starch, and the macromolecules of the starch are in disordered linear arrangement, so that the starch has thermoplasticity, the problems that the raw materials are not fully mixed and the full-starch plastic cannot completely react on the traditional extruder are effectively solved, the produced product has good performance and stable quality, and the automatic production can be realized.

Description

Full starch plastics double screw extrusion device

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model belongs to the technical field of the extruder, concretely relates to full starch plastics double screw extrusion device utilizes high-speed shearing force and high temperature to destroy the micrite of starch to make starch modification produce the thermoplasticity.

Background art:

plastics are by-products of petroleum, a solid material based on high molecular compounds, either synthetic or modified with natural materials. Petroleum is a non-renewable resource and finally faces the danger of exhaustion, and people research, develop, popularize and apply starch plastics in order to solve the problems of white pollution, petroleum crisis and the like of the plastics. Starch is a natural polymer with the yield second to cellulose on the earth, has rich sources, is renewable and low in price, and can be used for producing starch plastics through modification and plasticization. The starch biodegradable plastic and the products can be biodegraded and composted, the harmless treatment of garbage is realized, and the starch biodegradable plastic and the products have the advantages of saving petroleum resources and reducing carbon dioxide emission.

In the production process of traditional plastics, a twin-screw extruder is the most important production equipment. Compared with the traditional reaction processing equipment, the equipment mainly has the advantages of 'building block type' adjustable screw combination, one-step completion of reaction, devolatilization, granulation and forming processing, low equipment cost and investment, no need of using solvents, energy conservation, pollution reduction, continuous production realization, simple operation and the like. When the starch plastic is produced, the starch needs to be subjected to a crosslinking reaction, so that the light transmittance of the starch plastic is reduced, the acid and alkali resistance and the machining resistance are realized, the shearing resistance is enhanced, the gelling property is improved, the water absorption capacity is weakened, and the problem of insufficient starch reaction exists if a conventional double-screw extruder is used. The patent of Chinese utility model with application number 201621453944.5 discloses a nylon particle double-screw extruder, which comprises a main support (1), a heating feeding bin (2), an extrusion forming bin (3), a forming head (4) and a driving motor (5), screw axis (6), helical blade (7), loading hopper (8), viewing aperture (9), heating coil (10) are constituteed, the right side in main support (1) top is installed in heating feeding bin (2), left side in heating feeding bin (2) is connected and is fixed in extrusion storehouse (3), the left side in extrusion storehouse (3) is fixed in installation of shaping head (4), driving motor (5) are installed on the feeding bin right side of heating, screw axis (6) link together with driving motor (5), helical blade (7) set up the periphery at screw axis (6), the top in heating feeding bin (2) is installed in loading hopper (8). The utility model discloses a Chinese utility model patent with application number 201120330443.9, which discloses a double-screw extrusion device, comprising a base (1), a power mechanism, an extrusion system and a feeding system, wherein the power mechanism is arranged on the base (1), the power mechanism is connected with the extrusion system, and the extrusion system is connected with the feeding system; the method is characterized in that: the extruding system comprises a machine barrel (2) fixedly arranged on a base (1), an opening connected with a feeding system is formed in the machine barrel (2), a double-helix screw (11) is arranged in the machine barrel (2), and the double-helix screw (11) is connected with a power mechanism; the cylinder (2) is provided with an exhaust funnel (3) connected with the inner space of the cylinder (2); the utility model discloses an adopt double helix screw rod structure, improved production efficiency, eliminated the influence of air to the product, improved the product percent of pass. The double-screw extruder in the prior art cannot be used for producing all-starch plastics because the length of the screw is insufficient and the starch cannot be completely modified.

The utility model has the following contents:

the utility model aims to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, can't make starch modify completely to the double helix extruder among the prior art, can not be used for the problem of full starch plastics production, can manufacture by batch production, under convenient to use's condition, the design provides a full starch plastics double screw extrusion device.

In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model relates to an all-starch plastic double-screw extrusion device, the main structure of which comprises a frame, a driving motor, a reduction gearbox, a feeding motor, a feeding port, a feeding channel, a feeding screw, a distribution box, a machine barrel, a heater, a supporting seat, double screws, an exhaust mechanism, a machine head, a top cover, an air inlet, an air outlet, an extrusion channel, bolt holes, a box body, a driving gear, a driven gear, a transmission shaft, a coupling and a barrel; the machine barrel is formed by combining a plurality of barrel bodies in sections, a through extrusion channel is arranged in each barrel body, the double screws are arranged in the communicated extrusion channels, and the length-diameter ratio of the double screws is 50-54: 1.

The driving motor, the reduction gearbox and the distribution box are fixedly arranged on the base through bolts, the distribution box consists of a box body, a driving gear, driven gears, a transmission shaft and a coupler, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox is connected with the driving gear, the driven gears are connected with the transmission shaft, the driving gear is meshed with the two driven gears, and the coupler connects the transmission shaft with the double screws; the feeding motor is fixedly arranged above the reduction gearbox, the feeding port is communicated with the feeding channel and fixedly arranged above the distribution box, and the discharging port of the feeding channel is connected to the machine barrel and communicated with the extrusion channel in the machine barrel; the feeding screw is horizontally arranged in the feeding channel, and an output shaft of the feeding motor is connected with the feeding screw; an opening communicated with the feeding channel is formed in the upper portion of the barrel close to one end of the driving motor, an opening communicated with the exhaust mechanism is formed in the upper portion of the barrel close to the other end of the driving motor, and a heater is fixedly mounted above the rest of the barrels.

The air inlet pass through barrel upper shed and extrusion access connection, the gas vent is connected with outside vacuum pump line, top cap sealed lid closes in the exhaust mechanism top.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, the double screw extrusion device of full starch plastics reasonable in design, the principle is reliable, convenient operation, the fault rate is low, has effectively solved the raw materials and has mixed insufficient and the problem that full starch plastics can't react completely on traditional extruder, and the property of production can be good, and stable in quality, and can realize automatic production, and application environment is friendly.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure principle of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the distribution box according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure principle of the exhaust apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the principle of the cylinder structure of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

the main structure of the all-starch plastic twin-screw extrusion device related to the embodiment comprises a base 201, a driving motor 202, a reduction gearbox 203, a feeding motor 204, a feeding port 205, a feeding channel 206, a feeding screw 207, a distribution box 208, a machine barrel 209, a heater 210, a supporting seat 211, a twin-screw 212, an exhaust mechanism 213, a machine head 214, a top cover 215, an air inlet 216, an air outlet 217, an extrusion channel 218, a bolt hole 219, a box body 220, a driving gear 221, a driven gear 222, a transmission shaft 223, a coupler 224 and a cylinder 225; the driving motor 202, the reduction gearbox 203 and the distribution box 207 are fixedly installed on the base 201 through bolts, the distribution box 208 consists of a box body 220, a driving gear 221, a driven gear 222, a transmission shaft 223 and a coupler 224, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox 203 is connected with the driving gear 221 through a pin, the driven gear 222 is connected with the transmission shaft 223 through a pin, the driving gear 221 is meshed with the two driven gears 222, the coupler 224 couples the transmission shaft 223 with the twin screws 212, and the coupler 224 can prevent the twin screws 212 from bearing overlarge load except for the function of transmitting torque and plays a role of overload protection; an output shaft of the driving motor 202 drives the reduction gearbox 203, the driving gear 221 drives the two driven gears 222 to rotate, power of the driving motor 202 is divided into two groups, and a transmission shaft 223 transmits torque to the double screws 212 through the coupler 224 so as to enable the double screws 212 to rotate; the feeding motor 204 is fixedly arranged above the reduction gearbox 203, the feeding port 205 is communicated with the feeding channel 206 and is fixedly arranged above the distribution box 208, and the discharging port of the feeding channel 206 is connected to the machine barrel 209 and is communicated with the extrusion channel 218 inside the machine barrel 209; the feeding screw 207 is horizontally arranged in the feeding channel 206, the output shaft of the feeding motor 204 is connected with the feeding screw 207 to provide power for the feeding screw 207 to rotate, after the raw materials enter the feeding port 205, the raw materials are fully mixed under the pushing of the feeding screw 207 and then enter the extrusion channel 218 in the machine barrel 209, and under the condition that the rotating speed of the feeding motor 204 is constant, the speed and components of the raw materials entering the extrusion channel 218 are kept constant, which is beneficial to the stability of the product quality.

The machine barrel 209 related to the embodiment is formed by combining 10 barrel bodies 225 in sections, the barrel bodies 225 are connected through bolt holes 219 by bolts, the barrel bodies 225 are fixedly connected with the machine base 201 through supporting seats 211, and a penetrating extrusion channel 218 is arranged in each barrel body 225; an opening communicated with the feeding channel 206 is arranged above the first section of the cylinder 225 close to one end of the driving motor 202, and an opening communicated with the exhaust mechanism 213 is arranged above the ninth section of the cylinder 225; the heaters 210 are fixedly arranged above the other cylinders 225 except the first section and the ninth section, the heaters 210 can heat the materials in the extrusion channel 218 to reach the temperature required by the reaction, and each heater 210 can independently set the heating temperature; the twin screws 212 are arranged in the extrusion channels 218 which are communicated, the length-diameter ratio of the twin screws 212 is 50-54:1, and materials can be fully mixed and reacted under the action of the movement of the twin screws 212 in the extrusion channels 218; the exhaust mechanism 213 is fixed on the ninth cylinder 225 by using bolts, the air inlet 216 is connected with the extrusion channel 218, the exhaust port 217 is connected with an external vacuum pump pipeline, the top cover 215 is hermetically covered above the exhaust mechanism 213 and fixed by using bolts, and the inside of the exhaust mechanism 213 can be conveniently cleaned by opening the top cover 215; under the air pressure action of the external vacuum pump, water vapor, air and volatile gas mixed in the materials can be discharged through the exhaust mechanism 213, so that the generation of bubbles in the molten materials is reduced, and the stability of the product quality is ensured; the head 214 is connected to the tenth barrel 225, and the material in a molten state is extruded in the form of a filament after passing through the head 214.

In the embodiment, the twin-screw with the super-large length-diameter ratio of 50-54:1 is used, the high-speed shearing force and the high temperature of a twin-screw extruder are utilized to destroy the microcrystal of the starch, so that the macromolecules of the starch are in disordered linear arrangement, the starch has thermoplasticity, and the lengthened twin-screw enables materials to be more fully mixed and reacted.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an all starch plastics twin-screw extrusion device which characterized in that: the main structure comprises a machine base, a driving motor, a reduction gearbox, a feeding motor, a feeding port, a feeding channel, a feeding screw, a distribution box, a machine barrel, a heater, a supporting seat, a double screw, an exhaust mechanism, a machine head, a top cover, an air inlet, an exhaust port, an extrusion channel, a bolt hole, a box body, a driving gear, a driven gear, a transmission shaft, a coupling and a barrel body; the machine barrel is formed by combining a plurality of barrel bodies in sections, a through extrusion channel is arranged in each barrel body, the double screws are arranged in the communicated extrusion channels, and the length-diameter ratio of the double screws is 50-54: 1.

2. The all-starch plastic twin-screw extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving motor, the reduction gearbox and the distribution box are fixedly arranged on the base through bolts, the distribution box consists of a box body, a driving gear, driven gears, a transmission shaft and a coupler, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox is connected with the driving gear, the driven gears are connected with the transmission shaft, the driving gear is meshed with the two driven gears, and the coupler connects the transmission shaft with the double screws; the feeding motor is fixedly arranged above the reduction gearbox, the feeding port is communicated with the feeding channel and fixedly arranged above the distribution box, and the discharging port of the feeding channel is connected to the machine barrel and communicated with the extrusion channel in the machine barrel; the feeding screw is horizontally arranged in the feeding channel, and an output shaft of the feeding motor is connected with the feeding screw; an opening communicated with the feeding channel is formed in the upper portion of the barrel close to one end of the driving motor, an opening communicated with the exhaust mechanism is formed in the upper portion of the barrel close to the other end of the driving motor, and a heater is fixedly mounted above the rest of the barrels.

3. The all-starch plastic twin-screw extrusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the air inlet is connected with the extrusion channel through an upper opening of the cylinder, the exhaust port is connected with an external vacuum pump pipeline, and the top cover is covered above the exhaust mechanism in a sealing manner.