CN210569934U - Metal melting furnace with heat exchange structure - Google Patents
Metal melting furnace with heat exchange structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN210569934U CN210569934U CN201921479772.2U CN201921479772U CN210569934U CN 210569934 U CN210569934 U CN 210569934U CN 201921479772 U CN201921479772 U CN 201921479772U CN 210569934 U CN210569934 U CN 210569934U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a metal melting furnace with a heat exchange structure, which comprises a furnace lining, a melting furnace chamber formed by an inner cavity of the furnace lining, a heat preservation layer arranged outside the furnace lining, a furnace shell layer arranged outside the heat preservation layer, a combustion device arranged on the side surface of the furnace body, a liquid outlet and a charging opening, as well as a heat preservation hot air layer, an air supplement layer and a heat exchange hot air layer which are arranged between the furnace shell layer and the furnace lining; this melting furnace is through the high temperature flue gas heat preservation that forms outside the furnace lining after drawing forth the hot flue gas of high temperature in the furnace, later carry out the heat exchange with the cold air in the hot flue gas of high temperature flue gas heat preservation and the tonifying qi layer, reduce the consumption that supplyes the air fuel that gets into furnace when can very big improvement heat preservation effect, reduced the inside thermal scattering and disappearing of melting furnace chamber, metal melting efficiency has been improved, and the inside pressure of the furnace chamber of can also fine alleviating melts and the temperature of having reduced outside furnace body, the security of production has been improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metal melting device, concretely relates to metal melting furnace with heat transfer structure belongs to metal processing technology field.
Background
At present, in a metal smelting process, particularly in a production process of fine spherical aluminum powder, a melting furnace is required to melt a raw material aluminum ingot, and the melting furnace comprises a hearth 106, a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 101, a flame-spraying special-shaped brick 102, a metal furnace body 103, a furnace top 104, a chimney 105, a liquid-pouring port special-shaped brick 107, a metal feeding port 108, a furnace door 109 and the like, wherein the hearth is composed of standard-specification common refractory bricks 111 and a heat-insulating layer 110. Because when the hearth is built by adopting the common refractory bricks with standard specifications, gaps exist on four sides of each brick, which are in contact with the hearth, and therefore, a plurality of transverse and vertical gaps mixed with refractory mortar are distributed on the whole hearth. The area of the gap accounts for 3-5% of the whole surface, and although the gap is filled with the refractory mortar when a new furnace is used, the refractory mortar in the gap can expand with heat and contract with cold or fall off after the furnace is used, a part of gap without filling is formed, and heat leaks out from the gap to cause heat loss. The inner wall of the hearth formed by the common refractory bricks is easy to bond aluminum and impurities, a new furnace cannot be replaced because the hearth becomes small within 5-8 months, and the service life of the furnace is short. The heat preservation effect of ordinary resistant firebrick is unsatisfactory, causes calorific loss on the one hand, and on the other hand conducts heat to the furnace body, makes furnace body surface temperature too high, and furnace body surface temperature is high, causes operating environment temperature high, also causes the furnace body to warp easily, shortens stove life. The side surface and the left and right side surfaces of the furnace door of the existing furnace body structure are designed to be vertical, and when metal liquid slag in a hearth is cleaned, the included angle between the side surface and the left and right side surfaces of the furnace door is not completely cleaned. The existing furnace body hearth heat insulation layer is filled with asbestos plates, perlite and light heat insulation materials, so that the structure of the furnace body is not firm, the heat insulation performance of the existing heat insulation materials is poor, heat loss is caused, energy consumption is increased, and the service life of the furnace is short. The chimney of the existing furnace is arranged at the front side of the flame of the burner, so that the heat of the flue gas is directly discharged out of the furnace without turning the furnace, thereby causing heat loss. The inner hole of the existing chimney is designed to be large, which causes heat loss. The existing chimney is not provided with an automatic closing and opening device, so that the smoke is discharged for a long time, and the fuel loss is caused. A liquid outlet of the existing furnace body is not provided with a sealing plug, and heat is discharged from the liquid outlet when liquid is not poured.
Therefore, in summary, in the prior art, the metal melting process has the defects of poor heat preservation effect, difficult cleaning, short service life and the like, so that the production cost is greatly increased, the production efficiency is reduced, and the quality excellence rate of the product is greatly reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a metal melting furnace with heat transfer structure, this melting furnace is through drawing forth the produced high temperature hot flue gas behind the combustion of furnace inner wall and forming new high temperature flue gas heat preservation in the furnace liner outside, very big reduction the inside thermal scattering and disappearing of furnace, improved metal melting efficiency, reduced the consumption of fuel, simultaneously can also be fine alleviate the inside pressure of furnace and reduced the temperature of outside furnace body, improved the security of production.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme specifically as follows:
a metal melting furnace with a heat exchange structure comprises a melting furnace chamber, a furnace lining, a heat preservation layer, a furnace shell layer, a combustion device, a liquid outlet hot gas heat preservation layer, a gas supplementing layer and a charging opening. And a chamber formed by the inner wall of the furnace lining is a melting furnace chamber. And a heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the furnace lining, and a furnace shell layer is arranged outside the heat-insulating layer. The combustion device sequentially penetrates through the furnace shell layer, the heat insulation layer and the furnace lining and is communicated with the melting furnace chamber. And a liquid outlet is arranged on the other side of the melting furnace chamber opposite to the combustion device, and the liquid outlet sequentially penetrates through the furnace lining, the heat insulation layer and the furnace shell layer and then is communicated to the outside. The feed inlet is arranged on the side part of the furnace shell layer and communicated to the melting furnace chamber. The hot gas insulating layer is arranged between the furnace lining and the insulating layer. The air supplement layer is arranged between the furnace shell layer and the heat preservation layer. The thickness ratio of the hot gas insulation layer to the air supplement layer is 1:0.5-3, preferably 1:0.8-2.5, and more preferably 1: 1.2-2.
Preferably, the furnace lining is integrally cast and molded by adopting a refractory castable.
Preferably, the inner wall of the furnace lining is coated with a metal slag bonding prevention coating, preferably a ZS-522 high-temperature-resistant self-cleaning non-sticking coating.
Preferably, the melting furnace further comprises an air supply layer. The air supplement layer is arranged between the furnace shell layer and the heat preservation layer. An air inlet penetrates through the furnace shell layer close to one end of the combustion device, and an air supplementing port communicated with the air supplementing layer is arranged at the lower part of the combustion device. The air enters the air supplementing layer from the air inlet, is preheated in the air supplementing layer and then enters the combustion device from the air supplementing port to assist fuel combustion.
Preferably, the melting furnace also comprises a heat exchange plate, and the heat exchange plate is arranged in the gas supplementing layer. And a heat exchange hot air layer is formed between the heat exchange plate and the outer wall of the heat preservation layer. And the heat preservation hot gas exhaust port is communicated with the hot gas heat preservation layer and the heat exchange hot gas layer on one side close to the liquid outlet. And a waste flue gas exhaust port is arranged on the heat exchange plate. And the waste flue gas exhaust port penetrates through the gas supplementing layer and the furnace shell layer to be communicated with the heat exchange hot gas layer and the outside. High-temperature flue gas generated in the melting furnace cavity sequentially passes through the hot gas heat-insulating layer and the heat exchange hot gas layer and is exhausted through the waste flue gas exhaust port. Air enters the air supplementing layer, exchanges heat with the heat exchange hot air layer through the heat exchange plate and then enters the combustion device to combust auxiliary fuel.
Preferably, the melting furnace further comprises a preheating chamber. The preheating chamber is arranged outside the feed inlet. The charging opening and the preheating chamber are communicated through a furnace chamber door.
Preferably, the preheating chamber comprises a preheating chamber feed inlet, a preheating hot gas inlet and a chimney. The feed inlet of the preheating chamber is arranged on the side wall of the preheating chamber, and the chimney is arranged at the top of the preheating chamber. The preheating hot gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber and communicated with the heat preservation hot gas exhaust port or the waste flue gas exhaust port through a pipeline.
Preferably, the bottom of the preheating chamber is provided with a plurality of preheating hot gas inlets.
Preferably, the side wall of the furnace lining connected to the charging opening intersects the side wall of the other two sides of the furnace lining obliquely at an angle A of 110-170 deg., preferably 120-160 deg., more preferably 130-150 deg.. And/or
Preferably, a liquid outlet sealing head is further arranged on the liquid outlet. And an automatic pressure regulating valve is also arranged at the smoke outlet of the chimney.
Preferably, the bottom of the furnace shell layer is further provided with a furnace frame, and the furnace frame is preferably formed by welding channel steel and I-shaped steel. And/or
Preferably, the outer part of the furnace shell layer is also provided with a layer of steel plate outer wall. Preferably, the steel plate is a Q235A steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is 2-10mm, preferably 3-8 mm. And/or
Preferably, the furnace frame and the outer wall of the steel plate are subjected to sand blasting treatment and coated with a rust-proof layer, and the rust-proof layer is preferably made of organic silicon high-temperature-resistant paint.
According to a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a metal melting process or a process for performing metal melting using the melting furnace of the heat exchange structure of the melting furnace of the first embodiment, the process comprising the steps of:
1) putting the metal material preheated by the preheating chamber into a melting furnace cavity from a feeding port for melting;
2) in the process of the step 1), high-temperature flue gas generated by fuel combustion in the melting furnace cavity enters between the furnace lining and the heat insulation layer 3 to form a hot gas heat insulation layer;
3) and in the melting furnace cavity, after the metal materials are completely melted, discharging the molten metal from the liquid outlet.
Preferably, step 2) is specifically: high-temperature flue gas generated by fuel combustion in a melting furnace cavity of the melting furnace cavity enters the space between the furnace lining and the heat-insulating layer from the hot flue gas exhaust port to form a hot gas heat-insulating layer. Cold air enters between the furnace shell layer and the heat insulation layer from the air inlet to form an air supplement layer. The air is preheated in the air supplement layer and then enters the combustion device from the air supplement port to assist the combustion of fuel. The hot smoke in the hot air heat-insulating layer is exhausted through the heat-insulating hot air exhaust port.
Or
The step 2) is specifically as follows: high-temperature flue gas generated by fuel combustion in the melting furnace cavity enters the space between the furnace lining and the heat-insulating layer from the hot flue gas exhaust port to form a hot gas heat-insulating layer. And hot flue gas in the hot gas heat-insulating layer enters the space between the heat-insulating layer and the heat exchange plate from the heat-insulating hot gas exhaust port to form a heat exchange hot gas layer. Cold air enters between the furnace shell layer and the heat exchange plate from the air inlet to form an air supplementing layer. The air is preheated in the air supplement layer and then enters the combustion device from the air supplement port to assist the combustion of fuel. The waste flue gas in the heat exchange hot gas layer is exhausted through a waste flue gas exhaust port.
Preferably, the process further comprises step 4): and (3) flue gas exhausted from the heat-preservation hot gas exhaust port or the waste flue gas exhaust port enters the preheating chamber, the high-temperature flue gas preheats the materials in the preheating chamber, and then the preheated materials are subjected to the step 1).
The utility model discloses in, the furnace lining chooses for use imported refractory castable (for example choose for use be American ally oneself with ore deposit MP80ACX, its intensity improves more than 20% than current ordinary resistant firebrick, the temperature resistant improves more than 200 ℃), tie into side wall and furnace hearth, the design is detained to the pouring material joint adoption primary and secondary to reduce the fracture of furnace lining material, the furnace lining is because whole casting, consequently, the furnace lining inner wall does not have the gap, and then isolated giving off of fuel combustion heat, fuel oil loss has been reduced, the efficiency of metal melting has further been improved simultaneously.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the cast furnace lining is also coated with a coating for preventing molten metal and slag from bonding, so that the hearth can be effectively prevented from bonding and shrinking, the service life of the furnace body is prolonged, and the inside of the hearth can be further cleaned when the furnace is shut down. In order to further stabilize furnace wall and heat preservation simultaneously, can set up the outside of the connection furnace wall of a plurality of adiabatic materials preparation and run through the fixed muscle structure of connection behind the heat preservation at the furnace shell layer, fixed muscle is bar, plate-type or cylindricality. The thickness of the lining is 20-40cm (preferably 22-38cm, more preferably 25-35 cm).
The utility model discloses in, prevent that coating that molten metal and slag bonded for ZS-522 high temperature resistant self-cleaning does not glue and covers the coating and produce for Beijing zhi shengweihua chemical industry limited company, this coating chooses for use zhi shengweihua special high temperature silicate melt, aluminium phosphate solution, sodium lignosulfonate melt, eutectic melt, nanometer graphite flake, materials such as silicon carbide, boron carbide through processes such as nanometer ultrasonic dispersion, high temperature synthesis and form. The ZS-522 coating can resist high temperature up to 2000 ℃, is resistant to molten liquid and high-temperature slag, is resistant to slag erosion and metal water immersion, has the performance of being not stained with high-temperature metal water and slag, is smooth and self-cleaning under high-temperature melting, has good air tightness, strong cohesive force, firm and firm coating, large surface tension, no toxicity, no odor, no environmental pollution and no influence on the content of metal components for smelting. The thickness of the coating is 0.1 to 1mm (preferably 0.2 to 0.8mm, more preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm).
In the utility model, the high temperature flue gas generated after the fuel burning in the furnace chamber (melting furnace chamber) is not directly discharged to the outside, but a cavity is arranged between the furnace lining and the heat preservation layer to form a heat gas heat preservation layer, the high temperature flue gas generated by the fuel burning is discharged into the heat preservation layer from one side of the furnace lining and then is discharged from the other side, thus a high temperature flue gas layer (hot gas heat preservation layer) with certain thickness can be formed on the outer part of the whole furnace lining in a cladding way, because the high temperature flue gas directly comes from the high temperature flue gas generated by the fuel burning when melting metal, therefore, when the high temperature flue gas layer (hot gas heat preservation layer) with certain thickness completely wraps the outer part of the furnace lining, the temperature difference between the inner part and the outer part of the furnace lining is smaller, the high temperature flue gas heat preservation layer is added in the heat preservation layer, under the heat preservation effect of the double-layer heat, reduce the energy consumption, improve metal melting efficiency, meanwhile, this steam heat preservation can also alleviate the furnace pressure in the furnace to a certain extent, guarantee the normal combustion of fuel. The thickness of the high-temperature hot smoke layer (hot air insulating layer) is 2-20cm (preferably 4-15cm, more preferably 6-10 cm); the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is as follows: 10-30cm (preferably 12-25cm, more preferably 15-22 cm); the specification of the hearth (melting furnace chamber) is (80-300cm) x (60-150cm) x (80-180 cm).
In the prior art, in order to ensure that the combustion of fuel inside a hearth (melting furnace chamber) is fully performed, combustion-supporting air is often required to be supplemented, a large amount of oxygen is required to be consumed for combustion, and therefore air needs to be supplemented continuously, so that the temperature inside the hearth is inevitably reduced in the continuous supplementing process due to the fact that the supplemented air is usually cold air, the melting efficiency of metal is greatly influenced, and if the introduced cold air is heated into hot air, a heat source needs to be additionally consumed, and the production cost is increased. Therefore, the utility model discloses in, be provided with tonifying qi cavity (tonifying qi layer) between stove outer covering layer and heat preservation, cold air gets into the tonifying qi layer from the external world, the whole cladding in the outside of heat preservation in tonifying qi layer, the intraformational cold air of heat preservation becomes hot-air after the heat that scatters and disappears from the heat preservation in the in-process that enters into the flow direction tonifying qi mouth from air inlet, consequently, the air that gets into burner from the tonifying qi mouth becomes hot-air, therefore can be very big the degree prevent that the temperature in the furnace from reducing by a wide margin, guarantee the melting efficiency of metal. Meanwhile, the air supplement layer also plays a role in heat insulation, and the problem that the external temperature of the furnace body is too high after heat is directly transferred from the heat insulation layer to the furnace shell layer is effectively avoided. The thickness of the air supplement layer is 3-25cm (preferably 5-20cm, more preferably 8-15 cm).
Furthermore, in the utility model, in order to further improve the heating effect of the cold air of the air supplement layer, the air supplement layer is divided into two parts by additionally arranging the heat exchange plate in the air supplement layer, wherein a heat exchange hot air layer is formed between the heat exchange plate and the heat preservation layer, and a new air supplement layer is arranged between the heat exchange plate and the furnace shell layer; after the heat preservation purpose was accomplished to the steam of steam heat preservation, unnecessary steam is discharged into heat transfer hot gas layer, directly carry out thermal exchange through the heat transfer board between the cold air on tonifying qi layer this moment and the hot flue gas on heat transfer hot gas layer, this is for carrying out heat exchange more of undoubtedly heat exchange through the heat preservation, therefore finally entering into burner's combustion air's temperature is higher, so get into behind the furnace, influence to the inside temperature of furnace is undoubtedly littleer, further be favorable to guaranteeing the normal clear of metal melting, meanwhile, after the hot flue gas passes through heat transfer board and cold air exchange heat, the temperature of the outer exhaust flue gas of reduction that can be very big, further reduced the pollution to the environment. The heat exchange plate is made of stainless steel (SUS304, 316), titanium palladium (Ti, Ti-Pd), 20Cr, 18Ni, 6Mo (254SMO), alloy (C276), copper (H68) and the like, and the thickness of the heat exchange plate is 0.2-1.5mm (preferably 0.3-1mm, more preferably 0.4-0.8 mm); the thickness of the heat exchange hot air layer is 2-15cm (preferably 3-12cm, more preferably 5-10 cm).
generally, the combustion of fuel in a hearth often needs to supplement cold air to provide oxygen required by combustion, the cold air inevitably absorbs heat in the hearth after entering the hearth, the temperature of the cold air is increased (the temperature difference from the cold air to high-temperature hot air is △ T1), and then the consumed heat is QHeat generation＝CAir conditionerPAir conditioner*△T1(QHeat generationFor the amount of heat consumed, CAir conditionerIs the specific heat capacity of air, PAir conditionerthe flow rate of air), the heat is generated by the combustion of fuel, the more air is supplemented, the more heat is consumed, and further, the more fuel is consumed, in the utility model, the more cold air is supplemented to enter the hearth, the initial temperature of the cold air before entering the hearth is improved, at this time, after the preheated air enters the hearth, the temperature of the preheated air is increased (the temperature difference from the preheated air to high-temperature hot air is △ T2; further, after the cold air directly exchanges heat through the heat exchange plate, the temperature difference from the preheated air to the high-temperature hot air is △ T3), obviously, the heat consumed by three modes of △ T1 to △ T2 to △ T3 is gradually reduced, correspondingly, under the condition that the quantity of the supplemented air is not changed, the more cold air is directly supplemented, the more cold air is preheated, and the more fuel is consumed is preheated, so that the production cost is greatly saved.
In the utility model, in order to further improve the metal melting efficiency, the method preheats the metal cold charge by arranging the preheating chamber outside the charging hole, and the preheated metal is put into the hearth to be melted at high temperature, so that the melting process can be greatly accelerated, and the melting efficiency is improved; furthermore, the heat source of the preheating chamber is from the waste flue gas discharged from the smelting furnace, the waste flue gas enters the preheating chamber from the preheating hot gas inlet arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber to preheat the material, in order to better achieve the preheating effect, a plurality of preheating hot gas inlets are arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber, each preheating hot gas inlet is independently communicated with the waste flue gas exhaust port of the smelting furnace through a gas pipe, under the condition that the preheating heat source is not additionally arranged, the waste heat utilization effect of the waste flue gas is further improved, and the production cost and the waste heat emission are reduced.
The utility model discloses in, the lateral wall slope of the lateral wall of the furnace lining that links to each other with the charge door is crossing with the lateral wall slope of the other both sides of furnace lining (crossing contained angle A that becomes is 110-170, preferably 120-160, more preferably 130-150 °), and its purpose is, when blowing out clearance furnace, avoids appearing the clearance dead angle, reduces the clearance degree of difficulty, saves time and manpower, also reduces the in-process of clearance furnace simultaneously and causes the damage to the furnace lining inner wall.
The utility model discloses in, still be provided with the sealed head of liquid outlet on the liquid outlet, its purpose is avoided the inside heat of furnace to scatter and disappear, influences the metal melting effect, improves production efficiency.
The utility model discloses in, all advance, go out the gas vent and all be provided with the valve, simultaneously through the play smoke vent department at the chimney be provided with automatic air-vent valve, adjust the velocity of flow and the pressure of whole flue gas, avoid the flue gas velocity of flow too fast or too slow and then influence the heat preservation effect of steam heat preservation and the heat transfer effect on heat transfer hot gas layer, the further atmospheric pressure that can also adjust the environment that whole flue gas locates, especially furnace pressure in the furnace to guarantee that the furnace pressure is in the best scope (the required furnace pressure environment of fuel normal combustion).
The utility model discloses in, inlay SUS reinforcing bar and riveting spare during furnace wall pouring material to prevent droing. The service life of the furnace is prolonged. The furnace body frame is formed by welding channel steel and I-shaped steel, and the furnace frame is light and reliable as far as possible on the basis of fully considering the problems of overall strength of the furnace, downwarping, deformation and the like of the frame body structure. The outer wall of the furnace is made of delta 2-10mmQ235A steel plate, which is firm, reliable and durable. The welding line is even and flat, has no defects of air holes, slag inclusion, cracks, unfused fusion and the like, and has straight and smooth appearance and no phenomena of corrugation and unevenness. And all steel structure parts are subjected to sand blasting treatment and are coated with antirust paint for 1-5 times before welding, and the finish paint is organic silicon high-temperature resistant paint. The hot surface part of the furnace mouth panel is made of heat-resistant cast iron, so that the thermal deformation of the furnace mouth part is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front and side view of a melting furnace according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heat exchanger plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the preheating chamber of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 101: a fire-resistant insulating layer; 102: spraying fire special-shaped bricks; 103: a metal furnace body; 104: a furnace roof; 105: a chimney; 106: a hearth; 107: pouring a liquid port special-shaped brick; 108: a metal feed port; 109: a furnace door; 110: a heat-insulating layer; 111: standard specification common firebricks; 1: a melting furnace chamber; 2: a furnace lining; 3: a heat-insulating layer; 4: a furnace shell layer; 5: a combustion device; 6: a liquid outlet; 7: a hot air insulating layer; 8: a heat exchange hot gas layer; 9: a gas supplementing layer; 10: a heat exchange plate; 11: an air inlet; 12: a waste flue gas exhaust port; 13: a liquid outlet sealing head; 14: a hot flue gas exhaust port; 15: a heat preservation hot gas exhaust port; 16: an air supplement port; 17: a fan; 18: a furnace frame; 19: a feed inlet; 20: a preheating chamber; 21: a feed inlet of the preheating chamber; 22: preheating a hot gas inlet; 23: a chimney; 24: an automatic pressure regulating device; 25: a furnace cavity door.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated below, and the claimed invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments.
A metal melting furnace with a heat exchange structure comprises a melting furnace chamber 1, a furnace lining 2, a heat preservation layer 3, a furnace shell layer 4, a combustion device 5, a liquid outlet 6, a hot air heat preservation layer 7, an air supply layer 9 and a charging opening 19. The chamber formed by the inner wall of the furnace lining 2 is a melting furnace chamber 1. And a heat-insulating layer 3 is arranged outside the furnace lining 2, and a furnace shell layer 4 is arranged outside the heat-insulating layer 3. The combustion device 5 sequentially penetrates through the furnace shell layer 4, the heat insulation layer 3 and the furnace lining 2 and then is communicated with the melting furnace chamber 1. And a liquid outlet 6 is arranged on the other side of the melting furnace chamber 1 opposite to the combustion device 5, and the liquid outlet 6 sequentially penetrates through the furnace lining 2, the heat insulation layer 3 and the furnace shell layer 4 and then is communicated to the outside. A feed port 19 is arranged at the side part of the furnace shell layer 4, and the feed port 19 is communicated to the melting furnace chamber 1. The hot gas insulating layer 7 is arranged between the furnace lining 2 and the insulating layer 3. The gas supplementing layer 9 is arranged between the furnace shell layer 4 and the heat preservation layer 3. The thickness ratio of the hot air insulation layer 7 to the air supply layer 9 is 1:0.5-3 (preferably 1:0.8-2.5, more preferably 1: 1.2-2).
Preferably, the furnace lining 2 is integrally cast and molded by adopting a refractory castable.
Preferably, the inner wall of the furnace lining 2 is coated with a metal slag bonding prevention coating, preferably a ZS-522 high-temperature resistant self-cleaning non-sticking coating.
Preferably, the melting furnace further comprises a gas supply layer 9. The gas supplementing layer 9 is arranged between the furnace shell layer 4 and the heat preservation layer 3. An air inlet 11 penetrates through the furnace shell layer 4 close to one end of the combustion device 5, and an air supplementing port 16 communicated with the air supplementing layer 9 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion device 5. The air enters the air supplementing layer 9 from the air inlet 11, is preheated in the air supplementing layer 9, and then enters the combustion device 5 from the air supplementing port 16 to assist fuel combustion.
Preferably, the melting furnace also comprises a heat exchange plate 10, and the heat exchange plate 10 is arranged in the air supply layer 9. And a heat exchange hot air layer 8 is formed between the heat exchange plate 10 and the outer wall of the heat preservation layer 3. And a heat preservation hot gas exhaust port 15 is communicated with the hot gas heat preservation layer 7 and the heat exchange hot gas layer 8 at one side close to the liquid outlet 6. The heat exchange plate 10 is provided with a waste flue gas exhaust port 12. And the waste flue gas exhaust port 12 penetrates through the gas supplementing layer 9 and the furnace shell layer 4 to communicate the heat exchange hot gas layer 8 with the outside. High-temperature flue gas generated in the melting furnace chamber 1 passes through the hot gas heat-insulating layer 7 and the heat exchange hot gas layer 8 in sequence and is exhausted through the waste flue gas exhaust port 12. Air enters the air supplementing layer 9, exchanges heat with the heat exchange hot air layer 8 through the heat exchange plate 10 and then enters the combustion device 5 to assist fuel combustion.
Preferably, the melting furnace also comprises a preheating chamber 20. The preheating chamber 20 is provided outside the charging port 19. The charging opening 19 and the preheating chamber 20 are communicated under the control of a furnace cavity door 25.
Preferably, the preheating chamber 20 comprises a preheating chamber feed port 21, a preheating hot gas inlet port 22 and a chimney 23. The preheating chamber feed opening 21 is arranged on the side wall of the preheating chamber 20, and the chimney 23 is arranged at the top of the preheating chamber 20. The preheating hot gas inlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber 20, and the preheating hot gas inlet 22 is communicated with the heat preservation hot gas exhaust port 15 or the waste flue gas exhaust port 12 through a pipeline.
Preferably, the preheating chamber 20 is provided at the bottom thereof with a plurality of preheating hot gas inlets 22.
Preferably, the side wall of the furnace lining 2 connected to the charging opening 19 intersects the side wall of the other two sides of the furnace lining 2 obliquely at an angle a of 110-170 °, preferably 120-160 °, more preferably 130-150 °. And/or
Preferably, a liquid outlet sealing head 13 is further disposed on the liquid outlet 6. An automatic pressure regulating valve 24 is further arranged at the smoke outlet of the chimney 23.
Preferably, a furnace frame 18 is further arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell layer 4, and the furnace frame 18 is preferably formed by welding channel steel and I-steel. And/or
Preferably, the outer part of the furnace shell layer 4 is also provided with a layer of steel plate outer wall. Preferably, the steel plate is a Q235A steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is 2-10mm, preferably 3-8 mm. And/or
Preferably, the furnace frame 18 and the outer wall of the steel plate are subjected to sand blasting treatment and coated with a rust-proof layer, and the rust-proof layer is preferably made of organic silicon high-temperature-resistant paint.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the metal melting furnace with the heat exchange structure comprises a melting furnace chamber 1, a furnace lining 2, an insulating layer 3, a furnace shell layer 4, a combustion device 5, a liquid outlet 6, a hot gas insulating layer 7, a gas supplementing layer 9 and a charging opening 19. The chamber formed by the inner wall of the furnace lining 2 is a melting furnace chamber 1. And a heat-insulating layer 3 is arranged outside the furnace lining 2, and a furnace shell layer 4 is arranged outside the heat-insulating layer 3. The combustion device 5 sequentially penetrates through the furnace shell layer 4, the heat insulation layer 3 and the furnace lining 2 and then is communicated with the melting furnace chamber 1. And a liquid outlet 6 is arranged on the other side of the melting furnace chamber 1 opposite to the combustion device 5, and the liquid outlet 6 sequentially penetrates through the furnace lining 2, the heat insulation layer 3 and the furnace shell layer 4 and then is communicated to the outside. A feed port 19 is arranged at the side part of the furnace shell layer 4, and the feed port 19 is communicated to the melting furnace chamber 1. The hot gas insulating layer 7 is arranged between the furnace lining 2 and the insulating layer 3. The gas supplementing layer 9 is arranged between the furnace shell layer 4 and the heat preservation layer 3. The thickness ratio of the hot air insulating layer 7 to the air supplementing layer 9 is 1: 1.5.
Example 2
Example 1 is repeated, except that the furnace lining 2 is integrally cast and molded by using a refractory castable material.
Example 3
The example 2 is repeated, and the ZS-522 high-temperature resistant self-cleaning non-stick coating (anti-metal slag bonding coating) is coated on the inner wall of the furnace lining 2.
Example 4
Example 3 was repeated as shown in FIG. 2. Except that an air inlet 11 is arranged on the furnace shell layer 4 close to one end of the combustion device 5 in a penetrating way, and an air supplementing port 16 communicated with the air supplementing layer 9 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion device 5. The air enters the air supplementing layer 9 from the air inlet 11, is preheated in the air supplementing layer 9, and then enters the combustion device 5 from the air supplementing port 16 to assist fuel combustion.
Example 5
Example 4 is repeated, as shown in fig. 3, except that the melting furnace of the melting furnace further comprises a heat exchange plate 10, and the heat exchange plate 10 is arranged in the air supplement layer 9. And a heat exchange hot air layer 8 is formed between the heat exchange plate 10 and the outer wall of the heat preservation layer 3. And a heat preservation hot gas exhaust port 15 is communicated with the hot gas heat preservation layer 7 and the heat exchange hot gas layer 8 at one side close to the liquid outlet 6. The heat exchange plate 10 is provided with a waste flue gas exhaust port 12. And the waste flue gas exhaust port 12 penetrates through the gas supplementing layer 9 and the furnace shell layer 4 to communicate the heat exchange hot gas layer 8 with the outside. High-temperature flue gas generated in the melting furnace chamber 1 passes through the hot gas heat-insulating layer 7 and the heat exchange hot gas layer 8 in sequence and is exhausted through the waste flue gas exhaust port 12. Air enters the air supplementing layer 9, exchanges heat with the heat exchange hot air layer 8 through the heat exchange plate 10 and then enters the combustion device 5 to assist fuel combustion.
Example 6
Example 5 is repeated, as shown in FIG. 4, except that the furnace also comprises a preheating chamber 20. The preheating chamber 20 is provided outside the charging port 19. The charging opening 19 and the preheating chamber 20 are communicated under the control of a furnace cavity door 25.
Example 7
Example 6 was repeated as shown in fig. 3, except that the preheating chamber 20 included a preheating chamber inlet 21, a preheating hot gas inlet 22, and a stack 23. The preheating chamber feed opening 21 is arranged on the side wall of the preheating chamber 20, and the chimney 23 is arranged at the top of the preheating chamber 20. The preheating hot gas inlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber 20, and the preheating hot gas inlet 22 is communicated with the heat preservation hot gas exhaust port 15 or the waste flue gas exhaust port 12 through a pipeline.
Example 8
Example 7 was repeated except that the preheating chamber 20 was provided at the bottom thereof with a plurality of preheating hot gas inlets 22.
Example 9
Example 8 was repeated except that the side wall of the furnace lining 2 connected to the charging port 19 was obliquely intersected with the side walls of the other two sides of the furnace lining 2 at an angle a of 130 °.
Example 10
Example 11
The embodiment 10 is repeated, except that an automatic pressure regulating valve 24 is also arranged at the smoke outlet of the chimney 23.
Example 12
Example 11 is repeated, except that a furnace frame 18 is further arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell layer 4, and the furnace frame 18 is formed by welding channel steel and I-shaped steel.
Example 13
Example 12 was repeated except that the outer part of the shell layer 4 was also provided with an outer wall of 8mm steel plate.
Example 14
Example 13 was repeated except that both the hob 18 and the outer wall of the steel plate were sandblasted and painted with a silicone high temperature resistant paint layer.
Comparative example 1
1t of aluminum ingot raw materials are melted by an aluminum melting furnace in the prior art and are discharged from a liquid outlet after being completely changed into aluminum liquid, the total amount of consumed fuel is 182.16kg, the surface temperature of the aluminum melting furnace is 103.8 ℃ (the average temperature obtained by multiple measurement in different time periods), and the emission temperature of waste flue gas is 843.7 ℃ (the average temperature obtained by multiple measurement in different time periods).
Application example 1
Adopt the utility model discloses embodiment 4 the aluminium melting furnace of scheme melts 1t aluminium ingot raw materials and discharges from the liquid outlet after all becoming aluminium liquid, and its fuel total amount that consumes is 117.31kg, melts aluminium furnace body surface temperature and is 65.2 ℃ (the average temperature that obtains is surveyed many times to different time quantums), and exhaust gas exhaust temperature is 420.1 ℃ (the average temperature that obtains is surveyed many times to different time quantums).
Application example 2
Adopt the utility model discloses embodiment 5 the aluminium melting furnace of scheme melts 1t aluminium ingot raw materials and discharges from the liquid outlet after all becoming aluminium liquid, and its fuel total amount that consumes is 102.72kg, melts aluminium furnace body surface temperature and is 59.0 ℃ (the average temperature that obtains is surveyed many times to different time quantums), and exhaust gas exhaust temperature is 201.4 ℃ (the average temperature that obtains is surveyed many times to different time quantums).
Claims (23)
1. A metal melting furnace with a heat exchange structure comprises a melting furnace chamber (1), a furnace lining (2), a heat insulation layer (3), a furnace shell layer (4), a combustion device (5), a liquid outlet (6), a hot gas heat insulation layer (7), a gas supply layer (9) and a feed inlet (19); the method is characterized in that: a chamber formed by the inner wall of the furnace lining (2) is a melting furnace chamber (1); an insulating layer (3) is arranged outside the furnace lining (2), and a furnace shell layer (4) is arranged outside the insulating layer (3); the combustion device (5) sequentially penetrates through the furnace shell layer (4), the heat insulation layer (3) and the furnace lining (2) and is communicated with the melting furnace chamber (1); a liquid outlet (6) is formed in the other side of the melting furnace chamber (1) opposite to the combustion device (5), and the liquid outlet (6) sequentially penetrates through the furnace lining (2), the heat insulation layer (3) and the furnace shell layer (4) and then is communicated to the outside; the feed inlet (19) is arranged at the side part of the furnace shell layer (4), and the feed inlet (19) is communicated to the melting furnace chamber (1); the hot gas insulating layer (7) is arranged between the furnace lining (2) and the insulating layer (3); the gas supplementing layer (9) is arranged between the furnace shell layer (4) and the heat preservation layer (3); the thickness ratio of the hot air insulating layer (7) to the air supplementing layer (9) is 1: 0.5-3.
2. The melting furnace of claim 1, wherein: the furnace lining (2) is integrally cast and molded by adopting refractory castable.
3. The melting furnace of claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the furnace lining (2) is coated with a coating for preventing the adhesion of the metal slag.
4. The melting furnace of claim 3, wherein: the anti-metal slag bonding coating is ZS-522 high-temperature-resistant self-cleaning non-sticking coating.
5. The melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: an air inlet (11) penetrates through the furnace shell layer (4), and an air supplementing port (16) communicated with the air supplementing layer (9) is arranged at the lower part of the combustion device (5); the air enters the air supplementing layer (9) from the air inlet (11), is preheated in the air supplementing layer (9), and then enters the combustion device (5) from the air supplementing port (16) to assist fuel combustion.
6. The melting furnace of claim 5, wherein: the melting furnace also comprises a heat exchange plate (10), wherein the heat exchange plate (10) is arranged in the air supplement layer (9); a heat exchange hot air layer (8) is formed between the heat exchange plate (10) and the outer wall of the heat insulation layer (3); on one side close to the liquid outlet (6), a heat-preservation hot gas exhaust port (15) is communicated with the hot gas heat-preservation layer (7) and the heat-exchange hot gas layer (8); the heat exchange plate (10) is provided with a waste flue gas exhaust port (12); the waste flue gas exhaust port (12) penetrates through the gas supplementing layer (9) and the furnace shell layer (4) to be communicated with the heat exchange hot gas layer (8) and the outside; high-temperature flue gas generated in the melting furnace chamber (1) passes through the hot gas heat-insulating layer (7) and the heat exchange hot gas layer (8) in sequence and is exhausted through the waste flue gas exhaust port (12); air enters the air supplementing layer (9), exchanges heat with the heat exchange hot air layer (8) through the heat exchange plate (10), and then enters the combustion device (5) to assist fuel combustion.
7. The melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that: the melting furnace also comprises a preheating chamber (20); the preheating chamber (20) is arranged outside the feeding port (19); the charging opening (19) and the preheating chamber (20) are communicated under the control of a furnace cavity door (25).
8. The melting furnace of claim 5, wherein: the melting furnace also comprises a preheating chamber (20); the preheating chamber (20) is arranged outside the feeding port (19); the charging opening (19) and the preheating chamber (20) are communicated under the control of a furnace cavity door (25).
9. The melting furnace of claim 7, wherein: the preheating chamber (20) comprises a preheating chamber feed inlet (21), a preheating hot gas inlet (22) and a chimney (23); the preheating chamber feed inlet (21) is arranged on the side wall of the preheating chamber (20), and the chimney (23) is arranged at the top of the preheating chamber (20); the preheating hot gas inlet (22) is arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber (20), and the preheating hot gas inlet (22) is communicated with the heat-preservation hot gas exhaust port (15) or the waste flue gas exhaust port (12) through a pipeline.
10. The melting furnace of claim 8, wherein: the preheating chamber (20) comprises a preheating chamber feed inlet (21), a preheating hot gas inlet (22) and a chimney (23); the preheating chamber feed inlet (21) is arranged on the side wall of the preheating chamber (20), and the chimney (23) is arranged at the top of the preheating chamber (20); the preheating hot gas inlet (22) is arranged at the bottom of the preheating chamber (20), and the preheating hot gas inlet (22) is communicated with the heat-preservation hot gas exhaust port (15) or the waste flue gas exhaust port (12) through a pipeline.
11. The melting furnace according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: the bottom of the preheating chamber (20) is provided with a plurality of preheating hot gas inlets (22).
12. The melting furnace according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: an included angle A formed by intersecting the inner walls of the furnace lining (2) is 110-170 degrees; and/or
A liquid outlet sealing head (13) is also arranged on the liquid outlet (6); an automatic pressure regulating valve (24) is further arranged at the smoke outlet of the chimney (23).
13. The melting furnace of claim 11, wherein: an included angle A formed by intersecting the inner walls of the furnace lining (2) is 110-170 degrees; and/or
A liquid outlet sealing head (13) is also arranged on the liquid outlet (6); an automatic pressure regulating valve (24) is further arranged at the smoke outlet of the chimney (23).
14. The melting furnace of claim 12, wherein: the included angle A is 120-160 degrees.
15. The melting furnace of claim 13, wherein: the included angle A is 120-160 degrees.
16. The melting furnace according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: the included angle A is 130-150 degrees.
17. The melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, 8 to 10, 13 to 15, characterized in that: the bottom of the furnace shell layer (4) is also provided with a furnace frame (18), and the furnace frame (18) is formed by welding channel steel and I-shaped steel.
18. The melting furnace of claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the furnace shell layer (4) is also provided with a furnace frame (18), and the furnace frame (18) is formed by welding channel steel and I-shaped steel.
19. The melting furnace of claim 17, wherein: the outer part of the furnace shell layer (4) is also provided with a layer of steel plate outer wall; the steel plate is a Q235A steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is 2-10 mm.
20. The melting furnace of claim 18, wherein: the outer part of the furnace shell layer (4) is also provided with a layer of steel plate outer wall; the steel plate is a Q235A steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is 2-10 mm.
21. The melting furnace of claim 19, wherein: the thickness of the steel plate is 3-8 mm.
22. The melting furnace of claim 20, wherein: the thickness of the steel plate is 3-8 mm.
23. The melting furnace according to any of the claims 19 to 22, characterized in that: the furnace frame (18) and the outer wall of the steel plate are subjected to sand blasting treatment and coated with an anti-rust layer, and the anti-rust layer is made of organic silicon high-temperature-resistant paint.
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| CN201921479772.2U CN210569934U (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Metal melting furnace with heat exchange structure |
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| CN201921479772.2U CN210569934U (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Metal melting furnace with heat exchange structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115823899A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-03-21 | 宁波兴展旺节能科技有限公司 | Immersion type centralized melting furnace |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115823899A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-03-21 | 宁波兴展旺节能科技有限公司 | Immersion type centralized melting furnace |
| CN115823899B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-08-04 | 宁波兴展旺节能科技有限公司 | Immersed type centralized melting furnace |
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Effective date of registration: 20230926 Address after: No.1, No.1, Third Avenue, high tech Industrial Development Zone, Luxi County, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, 416100 Patentee after: Hunan Aoke New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 416100 Wuxi Industrial Park, Luxi County, Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Western Hunan Province Patentee before: HUNAN JINHAO NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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