CN210468881U

CN210468881U - Solar energy converter

Info

Publication number: CN210468881U
Application number: CN201921822486.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏金鑫; 俞红; 李亚方; 陈前锋; 赵亮; 张金旺; 邱苏苏; 徐玉华; 许昆明; 程林中; 周裴
Original assignee: State Grid Corp of China SGCC; Nanling Power Supply Co of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: State Grid Corp of China SGCC; Nanling Power Supply Co of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-28
Filing date: 2019-10-28
Publication date: 2020-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar energy converter, including solar array, control system and load, the voltage of solar array output is the load power supply after the control system conversion, solar array includes a plurality of solar module, every solar module correspond a DCDC converter, solar module's output and DCDC converter's input are connected, the DCDC converter is used for exporting the power supply after stepping up solar module's output electricity. The utility model has the advantages that: the solar cell array output power supply device is simple in structure, convenient to implement and capable of outputting and supplying power to a load end safely and effectively. The output power supply of the solar cell array is high-voltage and low-current, and the relatively small cable can safely and conveniently transmit current.

Description

Solar energy converter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a clean energy conversion field, in particular to solar energy converter.

Background

In the modern world, the demand for electricity is ubiquitous. However, many sources of electricity, such as nuclear, coal or fossil fuel power plants, are not always feasible, not only producing electricity, but also excessive pollution, resource depletion and disputes. To avoid these drawbacks, photovoltaic solar panel arrays are widely used in domestic environments and industries, making use of renewable sources of solar energy. The solar panel array is particularly suitable for individual application in isolated regions. The solar panel array can be used as an alternative energy source, and redundant electric power can be sold back to an electric power company or stored for later use.

Conventional home systems typically mount a solar panel array or solar array on the roof and are electrically connected to a control system. The solar array has a plurality of solar modules consisting of a plurality of solar cells, and the capacity of the modules can be from several kilowatts to 100 kilowatts or even more. Logically, the number of modules meets the load requirements to some extent, as each module requires capital. In addition, the roof has a limited area and it is desirable to allow for convenient and practical retention of the modules. Typically, a module consists of 36 photovoltaic cells, producing an Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) of 21 to 23 volts and a maximum power point voltage of 15 to 17 volts. The standard power rating of solar modules varies from 50w to 150 w. In most cases, prior art solar modules are limited by their performance characteristics. In this regard, attempts have been made to optimize the use of solar modules, reducing the space required by the solar modules. Active tracking mechanisms have been directionally added to each solar module such that incident solar energy is perpendicular to the solar module to improve efficiency. Other attempts to improve the efficiency and applicability of rooftop solar arrays include constructing towers to reduce their footprint. Despite these attempts, solar cell arrays are still uncommon and underutilized due to the additional cost and complexity associated with these approaches. Therefore, there is a need to overcome the drawbacks in terms of capacity and cost, otherwise the practical application range of solar cell arrays will continue to be limited. In addition, the solar module is live, i.e. outputs power during installation. If the weather is clear, the power generation can cause potential safety hazards to installation personnel. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved solar module control system that controls the improved module to enter a default off mode when not in use, with no output power. Thus, sufficient safety can be ensured during installation and other disconnection times, such as during replacement and repair. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new solar energy converter to achieve conversion of solar energy that partially or wholly solves the problems of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a solar energy converter which is used for simplifying a circuit structure of solar energy power supply and simultaneously can better and safely transmit electric energy.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a solar energy converter, includes solar array, control system and load, the voltage of solar array output is the load power supply after the control system conversion, solar array includes a plurality of solar cell modules, every solar cell module correspond a DCDC converter, solar cell module's output and DCDC converter's input are connected, the DCDC converter is used for carrying out the output power supply after stepping up with solar cell module's output electricity.

The DCDC converter includes a DCDC boost circuit.

The DCDC converter further includes a maximum power point tracker.

The control system comprises a DC/AC inverter, and the DCAC inverter is used for inverting the direct current output by the solar array into alternating current meeting the power supply requirement of the load.

The control system further comprises a main controller and a system switch, the system switch is connected with the main controller, and the output end of the main controller is respectively connected with the DCDC converter and the DC/AC inverter.

The solar cell module is connected with the DCDC converter in series to form a relay, and the output end of the main controller is connected with the relay and used for driving the relay to be closed or opened.

The solar energy converter further comprises an uninterruptible power supply device, and the uninterruptible power supply device is arranged between the output end of the solar array and the input end of the control system.

The uninterruptible power supply device comprises an energy storage device, and the energy storage device comprises a high-voltage flywheel energy storage system and/or a super capacitor.

The utility model has the advantages that: the solar cell array output power supply device is simple in structure, convenient to implement and capable of outputting and supplying power to a load end safely and effectively. The output power supply of the solar cell array is high-voltage and low-current, so that a relatively small cable can safely and conveniently transmit current; while a higher switching frequency can be used to significantly reduce the size and filtering requirements of the system. The array output power supply can be disconnected when the array is not used, so that the risk of live installation is prevented; the uninterrupted power supply device is arranged, so that the power supply of solar energy can be prolonged within a certain time, and the influence of power failure on the load is avoided.

Drawings

The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar panel array according to a first embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the solar panel array of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a control unit for controlling the output of a solar module. The control unit includes a converter for coupling to an output of the solar module, the converter being configured and arranged to convert the output to a high voltage and a low current. It is desirable to provide a larger capacity solar cell array for a given size of solar cell while reducing complexity and cost, so that the solar cell can be used more economically and in a wider range of applications. The array can optimize power output at the sub-assembly level to increase the total power generated. The system can be retrofitted to existing arrays to provide more power generation capacity. The system can adjust the on-off mode for safe installation.

Specifically, a solar energy converter, includes solar array, control system and load, and the voltage of solar array output is for the load power supply after the control system conversion, and solar array includes a plurality of solar cell modules, every solar cell module correspond a DCDC converter, the output of solar cell module is connected with the input of DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used for carrying out the output power supply after stepping up with solar cell module's output electricity.

The DCDC converter comprises a DCDC boosting circuit and a maximum power point tracker, wherein the DCDC boosting circuit is used for boosting the output voltage of the solar cell module to 380VDC, and the maximum power point tracker is used for realizing tracking control on the solar cell.

The control system comprises a DC/AC inverter, a main controller and a system switch, wherein the DCAC inverter is used for inverting the direct current output by the solar array into alternating current meeting the power supply requirement of the load. The main controller adopts data processing controllers such as a singlechip and the like, and the system switch adopts a key switch. The system switch is connected with the main controller, and the output end of the main controller is respectively connected with the DCDC converter and the DC/AC inverter. The system switch is used for opening and closing signals for the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the work of the DCDC converter and the DCAC converter according to the opening and closing signals, so that the output of the solar cell module is controlled, and the possible electric shock risk caused by the output voltage of the solar cell panel in the installation and maintenance process is avoided.

Furthermore, a relay is arranged between the solar cell module and the DCDC converter in series, and the output end of the main controller is connected with the relay and used for driving the relay to be closed or opened. And when the system switch closes the signal, the relay is simultaneously disconnected, so that the output of the array is fundamentally disconnected, and the safety is ensured.

Preferably, the solar energy converter further comprises an uninterruptible power supply device, and the uninterruptible power supply device is arranged between the output end of the solar array and the input end of the control system. The uninterruptible power supply is used for realizing charging when the solar cell panel works normally and supplying power by the internal energy storage module of the uninterruptible power supply when the solar cell panel does not work. The uninterruptible power supply comprises an energy storage device, a first relay and a second relay, the output end of the solar array is connected with the control system after passing through the first relay, the energy storage device is connected with the second relay in series and then connected to the two ends of the first relay in parallel, the single chip microcomputer detects whether the output electricity of the output end of the solar array is normal through the mutual inductor, and controls the disconnection and closing state of the second relay of the first relay according to the output electricity of the single chip microcomputer, and the principle of the uninterruptible power supply is realized. Meanwhile, in order to further possibly facilitate the power supply of the uninterrupted power supply during maintenance, a manual switch can be connected in series with the second relay, so that whether the energy storage device works or not can be manually controlled.

In the application, the energy storage device of the uninterruptible power supply device is realized by adopting a high-voltage flywheel energy storage system and/or a super capacitor, and the output end of the super capacitor is provided with some conversion devices such as a DCDC circuit and the like for outputting after conversion through a relay, a manual switch and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the modified solar array power generation system is referred to by reference numeral 110. The system 110 includes a rooftop mounted solar array 120 electrically connected to a control system 140. The solar cell array 120 has a plurality of solar cell modules 130 (a-n). Each solar module 130(a-n) has a corresponding DC/DC converter 131(a-n) for converting the original panel output to a nominal 380V DC output. The modules 130 can be easily connected in parallel and to the control system 140 by relatively small, safe, high voltage, low current cables (not shown). The resulting 380VDC level is more suitable for creating 220VAC rather than 12 VDC. Another advantage of using the converter 131 is that a relatively high switching frequency can be used to significantly reduce the size and filtering requirements of the system 110. The DC/DC converter 131 includes a maximum power point tracker. The DC/DC converter 131 with the maximum power point tracker maximizes the module output according to the current operating conditions of the solar module 130. For example, when module 130c receives direct sunlight, module 130a may be temporarily obscured by clouds or objects. In this case, the performance characteristics of

sheets

130a and 130c are different, e.g., the optimum power setting for each sheet is different. The respective DC/

DC converters

131a and 131c will uniquely adjust the operation of the modules such that the

modules

130a and 130c will individually produce the maximum power possible. Thus, the maximum output power of solar array 120 is maximized, and less modules 130 can be used to generate comparable power to prior art systems.

Each solar module 130 contains 32 units, divided into two groups of 16 units. Diodes are typically placed between each group of 16 cells to prevent reverse current flow during a shadow condition and other events that may cause a change in panel output. The plurality of DC/DC converters 131 regulate the output of each group of 16 cells of the module 130 by picking up the output at the diodes. Thus, the advantages of the present invention can be used with new and existing solar modules by retrofitting. The DC/DC converter 131 is connected to maximize the output of each cell of the module 130. The DC/DC converter 131 is also configured to require a signal from the control system 140 to output power. If the panel 130 does not receive the signal, no power output mode is set by default. Thus, the installer can handle the panel 130 on a clear day without worrying about the power generated thereby.

In system 110, the control system 140 is also improved by further simplification. Control system 140 includes a central inverter 144 having a single DC/AC inverter 147. The DC/AC inverter 147 prepares the raw power from the solar array 120 for use by the load 126 or for sale to a utility company through the utility grid 128. In the preferred embodiment, inverter 147 is a relatively simple, low dynamic range, off-the-shelf high voltage inverter used to reduce the voltage and generate the desired frequency. Since operation requires a very small input voltage range, the DC/DC converter 131 regulates the output power from the solar panel 130, optimizing the efficiency of the control system 140. In embodiments where the solar array 120 outputs 380VDC, a standardized inverter 147 may be used to beneficially and significantly reduce wiring complexity, thereby reducing the cost of the control system 140. The ups device 150 may store energy when the solar cell is operating and provide power when the power is off.

As shown in fig. 2, an optional energy storage device 250 is disposed between control system 240 and solar array 220. The energy storage device 250 is a high voltage flywheel energy storage system, and its ideal operating voltage is 380V. Accordingly, the output of the DC/AC inverter 247 is matched, optimizing the operating efficiency of the high voltage flywheel. In another example, the energy storage device 250 is a capacitor and the system 210 acts as an uninterruptible power supply. Capacitor 250 charges during normal operation and solar array 220 and utility grid 228 provide power to load 226. It is well known that in systems using conventional batteries, such operation can shorten the life of the battery. However, the use of capacitors can avoid such short lifetimes. During a utility power outage, the solar panels and or capacitors discharge to provide transient power to the load 226 until the electronic switch is activated, allowing the solar array 220 to meet the demand of the load 226. The capacitor will be able to meet the demand for at least 20 seconds when the solar panel is de-energized, despite only a few seconds of sustained power output. Even in the event of 228 power system failure, the power output from 220 solar array is still available.

The innovation of the inventions includes one or more of the following. A solar array is provided that can generate electricity at relatively high voltage and low current, enabling a relatively small cable to safely and conveniently carry electricity. In addition, the power supply for the solar array is preferably capable of achieving the desired dc voltage for use with off-the-shelf components. A control unit controls an output of the solar device, the control unit including a converter coupled to the output of the solar device to convert the output of the solar device to a high voltage low current. The high voltage is between 200-600 VDC, and the converter includes a maximum power point tracker to maximize the power output of each cell. The solar module array also includes a DC/AC inverter coupled to the DC/DC converter output for outputting the available power to the load.

It is clear that the specific implementation of the invention is not restricted to the above-described embodiments, but that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive process concept and technical solutions are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A solar energy converter comprises a solar energy array, a control system and a load, wherein the voltage output by the solar energy array is converted by the control system and then supplies power to the load, and the solar energy converter is characterized in that: the solar array comprises a plurality of solar cell modules, each solar cell module corresponds to one DCDC converter, the output end of each solar cell module is connected with the input end of the corresponding DCDC converter, and the corresponding DCDC converters are used for boosting the output electricity of the corresponding solar cell modules and then outputting and supplying power.

2. A solar energy converter as defined in claim 1, wherein: the DCDC converter includes a DCDC boost circuit.

3. A solar energy converter as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the DCDC converter further includes a maximum power point tracker.

4. A solar energy converter as defined in claim 1, wherein: the control system comprises a DC/AC inverter, and the DCAC inverter is used for inverting the direct current output by the solar array into alternating current meeting the power supply requirement of the load.

5. A solar energy converter as defined in claim 4, wherein: the control system further comprises a main controller and a system switch, the system switch is connected with the main controller, and the output end of the main controller is respectively connected with the DCDC converter and the DC/AC inverter.

6. A solar energy converter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the solar cell module is connected with the DCDC converter in series to form a relay, and the output end of the main controller is connected with the relay and used for driving the relay to be closed or opened.

7. A solar energy converter as defined in claim 1, wherein: the solar energy converter further comprises an uninterruptible power supply device, and the uninterruptible power supply device is arranged between the output end of the solar array and the input end of the control system.

8. A solar energy converter as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the uninterruptible power supply device comprises an energy storage device, and the energy storage device comprises a high-voltage flywheel energy storage system and/or a super capacitor.