Temporary support equipment based on single track hangs
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an interim support equipment based on single track hangs belongs to the colliery and combines to dig tunnel interim support technical field.
Background
Currently, bolting is generally adopted as a permanent support in the support of the fully-mechanized excavation roadway of the coal mine in China, and a temporary support is required to prevent a top plate of an excavation working face from falling before bolting. The current colliery temporary support generally adopts many forestope to hang along the tunnel direction and has strutted the stock and visit to the sky top district on the roof, plays the effect of protecting the top to the roof, prevents to fall the top and causes the casualty accident. This support mode shortcoming lies in: (1) the front canopy has no initial supporting force for supporting the air top area, and the safety and the reliability are poor; (2) the operation process is complex, manual operation is relied on, the supporting time is long, and the temporary supporting efficiency is low; (3) the operator must enter the empty space to erect the operation, has very big potential safety hazard.
Chinese patent document CN203925494U discloses an airborne temporary support device for a coal mine high roadway, which includes a rotation control mechanism, a fast lifting assembly is arranged on the rotation control mechanism, the upper end of the fast lifting assembly is connected with a top frame assembly, the top frame assembly is a low-speed lifting assembly, the low-speed lifting assembly includes a main top frame and an auxiliary top frame which are arranged in parallel up and down, and a first lifting device, and mutually parallel support rods are arranged between the main top frame and the auxiliary top frame to form a parallelogram structure; one end of the first lifting device is connected to the auxiliary top frame, and the other end of the first lifting device is connected with one of the supporting rods; the lower part of the main top frame is connected with a lifting platform. The utility model discloses simple structure, the action is steady fast, rises the maximum height to quick lift subassembly earlier during the use, and the height of main roof-rack is adjusted to rethread third elevating gear, and the area is strutted in the increase to through the height that rotary power device adjusted lift platform, improve the security performance, be particularly useful for using in the tunnel that highly is greater than 3.5 m.
Chinese patent document CN205654366U discloses an onboard temporary support device for a roadheader, which includes a front canopy top frame, a lift cylinder, a folding cylinder and an unfolding mechanism, wherein the front canopy top frame is pivotally connected to one end of the lift cylinder, the other end of the lift cylinder is pivotally connected to a machine body of the roadheader, the lift cylinder is connected to the unfolding mechanism and can pivot around a joint of the lift cylinder and the machine body under the action of the unfolding mechanism, and the folding cylinder is connected between the front canopy top frame and the lift cylinder and can pivot around the joint of the front canopy top frame and the lift cylinder. The machine-mounted temporary supporting device of the fully-mechanized excavating machine can be used for timely and effectively supporting the coal seam roof and the head coal wall, improves the safety of head-on operation of the fully-mechanized excavating face, eliminates the hidden danger of hollow top operation, shortens the temporary supporting time, improves the production efficiency, remarkably improves the mechanization degree of fully-mechanized excavating of the coal roadway and reduces the labor intensity of operating personnel.
The patent documents above propose a tunneller machine-mounted temporary support machine which can effectively solve the problems existing in the temporary forepoling bar. The onboard temporary support machine is propelled along with the tunneling machine, so that the temporary support efficiency can be effectively improved, and the tunneling speed is accelerated. However, the current supporting method has the following defects: because the onboard temporary support device is generally arranged on the cantilever section of the development machine, after the temporary support is completed, due to the interference of the cutting head of the development machine and the cantilever section, when workers carry out anchoring and protection operations such as drilling, bolting and the like under the temporary support device, the operation space is extremely limited, and the operation of the workers is inconvenient.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough of prior art, the utility model provides a temporary support equipment based on single track hangs.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a temporary supporting device based on a monorail crane comprises a monorail hanging device, a guide rail assembly, a braking mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a transfer system and a temporary supporting mechanism; the guide rail assembly is arranged at the top of the roadway through the monorail hanging device, the braking mechanism, the walking mechanism and the transshipment system are sequentially connected and are all connected to the guide rail assembly, and the temporary supporting mechanism is arranged on the transshipment system; the running mechanism works to push the transfer system to move forwards along the guide rail assembly, and the temporary supporting mechanism is placed in the empty top area.
Preferably, the guide rail assembly comprises a guide rail and a lifting lug arranged at the upper end of the guide rail.
Preferably, the monorail hanging device comprises a nut, a U-shaped frame, a bolt and a hanging chain; the nut is connected in the trompil position of U type frame upper end, and the bolt runs through U type frame bottom, and suspension chain one end cover is on the bolt, and the other end hangs on the lug. The advantage of this design is that, during single track cable suspension device passed through the nut and twists roof stock bottom screw thread, utilized the current roof stock in tunnel top, just can hang the guide rail in tunnel headspace, did not hinder the operation in tunnel.
Preferably, the travelling mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor, a travelling mechanism supporting frame, a driving shaft and a driving friction wheel; two sides of the walking mechanism support frame are respectively provided with a hydraulic motor, and the two hydraulic motors are connected with driving friction wheels on two sides of the guide rail through driving shafts. The advantage of this design is that the drive friction wheel is driven synchronously by the hydraulic motors on both sides, and the drive force advances along the guide rail by means of friction.
Preferably, the braking mechanism comprises a rack, a swing rod, a braking system bearing wheel, a brake block, a guide wheel, a spring and a hydraulic cylinder; the guide wheel is connected to one end of the frame, and the bearing wheel of the braking system is arranged on a vertical plate at the top of the frame; the middle part of the swinging rod is pivoted on the frame; the brake blocks are connected to the tops of the swing rods on the two sides and are arranged in the middle of the rack through guide holes of the vertical plates; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the frame, the spring is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the swinging rods at two sides. The design has the advantages that when the system does not work or is powered off suddenly, the spring elasticity pushes the lower end of the swinging rod outwards, and the upper end of the swinging rod presses the brake block to tightly hold the guide rail due to the lever principle, so that braking is realized; when the hydraulic cylinder works, hydraulic oil pushes a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move inwards, a spring is compressed, the lower end of a swing rod is pulled inwards, and due to the lever principle, the upper end of the swing rod pulls a brake block outwards, so that braking is relieved.
Preferably, the transshipment system comprises a transshipment system bearing wheel, a wheel shaft, a wheel carrier, a bearing base and a bracket; the four load-bearing wheels of the transfer system are respectively connected with the wheel shafts and are fixedly connected on the wheel carrier through the wheel shafts, the bottom of the wheel carrier is fixedly connected on the load-bearing base, and the bracket is connected on one side of the load-bearing base.
Preferably, a traveling mechanism left hinged support and a traveling mechanism right hinged support are respectively arranged on two sides of the traveling mechanism support frame, a braking system hinged support is arranged on one side of the rack, and a transfer system hinged support is arranged on one side of the bearing base; the brake system hinged support and the walking mechanism left hinged support are connected through hinged pins, and the transfer system hinged support and the walking mechanism right hinged support are connected through hinged pins.
Preferably, the temporary supporting mechanism comprises a top guard plate, a hydraulic leg, a leg base, an extension hydraulic cylinder, a top guard plate hinge support I, a top guard plate hinge support II and a hydraulic leg hinge support; two sides of the top guard plate are respectively connected with two top guard plate hinge supports I and two top guard plate hinge supports II; the upper end of the hydraulic support leg is hinged with the top guard plate hinged support I; the bottom end of the hydraulic support leg is connected with a support leg base; the hydraulic support leg hinged support is arranged on the upper portion of the hydraulic support leg, and two ends of the extending hydraulic cylinder are hinged to the top guard plate hinged support II and the hydraulic support leg hinged support respectively.
Preferably, the hydraulic support leg is a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the support leg base is a flange plate.
Preferably, the temporary support apparatus further comprises a hydraulic station. The advantage of this design is that all hydraulic cylinders etc. are provided with hydraulic power by the hydraulic station.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1) the utility model discloses a place temporary support mechanism in the design form at tunnel top, through using the reprint system that is located the monorail and hangs, the temporary support mechanism that will be located tunnel top sends to tunnel working face empty roof district, through hydraulic leg's operation, make the top protection board leave the bracket, and meet the top with the tunnel roof, the oil pressure through setting for hydraulic leg exerts the initial supporting force to the roof, accomplish temporary support, running gear's hydraulic motor reverse work, it withdraws from empty roof district to drive the bracket, the workman can carry out the anchor in the safe region that temporary support mechanism bottom was established and protect the operation.
2) The utility model discloses temporary support equipment based on single track hangs, structural design scientific and reasonable, operation convenient to use adopts the single track to hang the design that bears and reprint temporary support mechanism, does not have the initial stress when can solving the forestope and strut, strut the inefficiency scheduling problem, also can avoid the condition that the tunneller interferes temporary support mechanism among the airborne temporary support device, makes the workman have more wide operation space under temporary support mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses a temporary support equipment operating condition schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the guide rail suspension device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the utility model discloses a temporary support equipment income state structure sketch map.
Fig. 5 is the utility model discloses a structural schematic when temporary support equipment sees off.
Fig. 6 is the utility model discloses a structural schematic when temporary support equipment props up.
In the figure: 1 guide rail component, 1-1 lifting lug, 1-2 guide rail, 2 brake system, 2-1 frame, 2-2 swinging rod, 2-3 brake system bearing wheel, 2-4 brake block, 2-5 guide wheel, 2-6 spring, 2-7 hydraulic cylinder, 2-8 brake system hinged support, 3 brake-walking hinged pin, 4 walking mechanism, 4-1 hydraulic motor, 4-2 walking mechanism support frame, 4-3 driving shaft, 4-4 driving friction wheel, 4-5 walking mechanism left hinged support, 4-6 walking mechanism right hinged support, 5 walking-transferring hinged pin, 6 transferring system, 6-1 transferring system bearing wheel, 6-2 wheel shaft, 6-3 wheel frame, 6-4 bearing base, 6-5 bracket, The device comprises a 6-6 transshipment system hinged support, a 7 temporary support mechanism, a 7-1 top guard plate, 7-2 hydraulic support legs, a 7-3 support leg base, a 7-4 extension hydraulic cylinder, a 7-5 top guard plate hinged support I, a 7-6 top guard plate hinged support II, a 7-7 hydraulic support leg hinged support, an 8 hydraulic station, a 9 single-rail hanging device, a 9-1 screw cap, a 9-2U-shaped frame, a 9-3 bolt and a 9-4 suspension chain.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described, but not limited to, by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-3, the embodiment provides a temporary supporting device based on a monorail crane, which comprises a guide rail assembly 1, a braking system 2, a hinge pin 3, a traveling mechanism 4, a transshipment system 6, a temporary supporting mechanism 7, a hydraulic station 8 and a monorail hanging device 9; the guide rail assembly 1 is arranged at the top of the roadway through a monorail hanging device 9; the braking system 2, the traveling mechanism 4 and the transshipment system 6 are positioned on the guide rail assembly 1 and can move along the guide rail 1-2; the temporary support mechanism 7 is positioned on the transshipment system 6, and the temporary support mechanism 7 is conveyed to an empty roof area in front of the tunneling machine through the traveling mechanism 4.
Specifically, the guide rail assembly 1 comprises lifting lugs 1-1 and guide rails 1-2, wherein the left end and the right end of each lifting lug 1-1 are welded on the guide rails 1-2.
The monorail hanging device 9 comprises a nut 9-1, a U-shaped frame 9-2, a bolt 9-3 and a suspension chain 9-4; the nut 9-1 is welded at the position of an opening at the upper end of the U-shaped frame 9-2; the monorail hanging device 9 is screwed into the bottom end thread of the roof anchor rod through a nut 9-1, a bolt 9-3 penetrates through the lower U-shaped frame 9-2, one end of a suspension chain 9-4 is sleeved on the bolt 9-3, and the other end of the suspension chain is hung on the lifting lug 1-1.
The guide rail assembly 1 is hung on a roof supported anchor rod through a single rail hanging device 9 and serves as a hanging support device and a running track of a temporary support device.
The brake system 2 is a normally closed brake system, is positioned on a guide rail 1-2 of the monorail crane, and comprises a rack 2-1, a swing rod 2-2, a brake system bearing wheel 2-3, a brake block 2-4, a guide wheel 2-5, a spring 2-6 and a hydraulic cylinder 2-7; the guide wheel 2-5 is connected to one end of the frame 2-1, and the bearing wheel 2-3 of the braking system is arranged on a vertical plate at the top of the frame 2-1; the middle part of the swinging rod 2-2 is pivotally connected to the frame 2-1; the brake blocks 2-4 are connected to the tops of the oscillating rods 2-2 at the two sides and are arranged in the middle of the rack 2-1 through guide holes of the vertical plates; the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 2-1, the spring 2-6 is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder 2-7, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 is connected with the swinging rods 2-2 at two sides. When the system does not work or is powered off suddenly, the spring elasticity pushes the lower end of the swinging rod outwards, and the upper end of the swinging rod presses the brake block to tightly hold the guide rail due to the lever principle, so that braking is realized; when the hydraulic cylinder works, hydraulic oil pushes a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move inwards, a spring is compressed, the lower end of a swing rod is pulled inwards, and due to the lever principle, the upper end of the swing rod pulls a brake block outwards, so that braking is relieved.
The traveling mechanism 4 is positioned on a guide rail 1-2 of the monorail crane and comprises a hydraulic motor 4-1, a traveling mechanism support frame 4-2, a driving shaft 4-3, a driving friction wheel 4-4 and a traveling mechanism hinged support; two hydraulic motors 4-1 are respectively fixed on two sides of the traveling mechanism support frame 4-2, and the hydraulic motors 4-1 are connected with the driving friction wheels 4-4 through the driving shafts 4-3.
The transshipment system 6 is positioned on a guide rail 1-2 of the monorail crane and comprises a transshipment system bearing wheel 6-1, a wheel shaft 6-2, a wheel carrier 6-3, a bearing base 6-4, a bracket 6-5 and a transshipment system hinged support 6-6; the transfer system comprises four load-bearing wheels 6-1 which are respectively connected with wheel shafts 6-2 and fixedly connected to wheel frames 6-3 through the wheel shafts 6-2, the wheel frames 6-3 are fixed on a load-bearing base 6-4 in a welding mode, a bracket 6-5 is welded with the load-bearing base 6-4, and the bracket 6-5 is used for placing a temporary supporting mechanism 7.
The right side of the braking system, the two sides of the walking mechanism and the left side of the transshipment system are respectively welded with a braking system hinged support 2-8, a walking mechanism left hinged support 4-5, a walking mechanism right hinged support 4-6 and a transshipment system hinged support 6-6, wherein the braking system hinged support 2-8 and the walking mechanism left hinged support 4-5 are hinged through a braking-walking hinged pin 3, and the walking mechanism right hinged support 4-6 and the transshipment system hinged support 6-6 are hinged through a walking-transshipment hinged pin 5.
The temporary supporting mechanism 7 comprises a top guard plate 7-1, hydraulic support legs 7-2, a support leg base 7-3, an extension hydraulic cylinder 7-4, a top guard plate hinge support I7-5, a top guard plate hinge support II 7-6 and a hydraulic support leg hinge support 7-7; two top guard plate hinge supports I and two top guard plate hinge supports II are respectively welded on two sides of the top guard plate 7-1; the upper end of the hydraulic support leg 7-2 is hinged with the top guard plate 7-1 hinged support I; the bottom end of the hydraulic support leg 7-2 is welded with a support leg base 7-3, the upper end of the hydraulic support leg 7-2 is welded with a hydraulic support leg hinged support 7-7 at a certain distance, the four hydraulic support leg hinged supports 7-7 are in the same horizontal position, one end of the extension hydraulic cylinder 7-4 is hinged with the top guard plate hinged support II 7-6, and the other end of the extension hydraulic cylinder 7-4 is hinged with the hydraulic support leg hinged support 7-7.
The temporary supporting mechanism 7 adopts a foldable design, and the hydraulic support legs 7-2 can be folded or unfolded by extending the hydraulic cylinders 7-4, and can be unfolded during work and folded during non-work; the temporary support mechanism 7 is placed on the bracket 6-5 and is designed in a separable mode with the bracket, and after the temporary support mechanism 7 reaches the empty roof area, the temporary support mechanism 7 can be supported from the bracket 6-5 (lifted by the hydraulic support legs 7-2).
In addition, the hydraulic station 8 provides hydraulic power for all devices such as hydraulic cylinders; the cross section of the monorail crane guide rail 1-2 is I-shaped, and a running track is provided for the braking system 2, the travelling mechanism 4 and the transshipment system 6; the top guard plate 7-1 is formed by welding square steel pipes; the hydraulic support legs 7-2 are specifically hydraulic oil cylinders, and the upper ends of the hydraulic support legs adopt an earring mounting mode; the supporting leg base 7-3 is a flange plate; the hydraulic extension cylinder 7-4 is mounted in the form of upper and lower earrings.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4-6, an operation method of a temporary support device based on a monorail crane is that the temporary support device described in embodiment 1 is used to suspend a guide rail assembly 1 on a roof supported anchor rod in advance by using a monorail suspension device, a braking system 2, a traveling mechanism 4 and a transfer system 6 are sequentially installed on a guide rail 1-2, a temporary support mechanism 7 in a contraction state is placed on the transfer system 6, after excavation work of a heading machine is completed, an empty roof area is formed at a cutting head and a cantilever section of the heading machine, and the temporary support operation is started, and includes the following steps:
(1) a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2-7 is retracted inwards, the swing rod 2-2 is pulled to enable the braking system to release braking, the hydraulic motor 4-1 of the travelling mechanism works, and the two driving friction wheels 4-4 drive the whole supporting mechanism to move along the guide rail until the temporary supporting mechanism 7 is positioned at the lower part of the empty top area;
(2) after the hydraulic support reaches the lower part of the empty roof area, four extension hydraulic cylinders 7-4 on the temporary support mechanism 7 drive the hydraulic support legs 7-2 to stand up;
(3) the four hydraulic support legs 7-2 start to operate, the support leg bases 7-3 are firstly landed, then the top protection plate 7-1 is separated from the bracket 6-3, the top protection plate 7-1 is jacked upwards until a roadway top plate, and the hydraulic support legs 7-2 stop operating after the top protection plate 7-1 reaches a certain pressure value;
(4) the hydraulic motor 4-1 of the traveling mechanism works in reverse direction, and the two driving friction wheels 4-4 drive the bracket 6-3 to exit from the empty top area.
The whole set of temporary supporting equipment can be installed in different empty top areas of a roadway driving working face or applied to different roadways subsequently by disassembling the monorail hanging device 9.