CN210243418U - A reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with its own lubrication and compound force loading system - Google Patents
A reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with its own lubrication and compound force loading system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210243418U CN210243418U CN201920968405.2U CN201920968405U CN210243418U CN 210243418 U CN210243418 U CN 210243418U CN 201920968405 U CN201920968405 U CN 201920968405U CN 210243418 U CN210243418 U CN 210243418U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开一种自带润滑和复合力加载系统的往复式摩擦磨损试验机，设计摩擦试验机领域，包括润滑系统、底座支脚、底座、上试件、加热装置、导杆Ⅰ、下试件、柔性梁、复合力加载系统、平衡砝码杆、平衡砝码、转轴、应变片、L型支架、温度传感器、调速电机、导杆Ⅱ，连杆、曲柄盘、速度传感器和转换接头等组成部分。复合力加载系统设置在柔性梁及L型支架上，其由杠杆砝码加载装置和螺栓弹簧加载装置两部分组成；柔性梁与上试件通过螺纹连接，上、下试件通过移动副连接，摩擦力通过柔性梁变形测量；润滑系统与上试件内部通道通过管路连接。本实用新型可实现大负载、高精度加载及摩擦副实时自润滑，且可实现多种形式摩擦副往复摩擦性能测试。
The utility model discloses a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with a self-contained lubrication and compound force loading system, which is designed in the field of friction testing machines. parts, flexible beams, composite force loading systems, balance weight rods, balance weights, shafts, strain gauges, L-brackets, temperature sensors, speed control motors, guide rods II, connecting rods, crank discs, speed sensors and adapters and other components. The composite force loading system is set on the flexible beam and the L-shaped bracket, which consists of two parts: a lever weight loading device and a bolt spring loading device; the flexible beam is connected with the upper specimen through threads, and the upper and lower specimens are connected by a moving pair. The frictional force is measured by the deformation of the flexible beam; the lubrication system is connected with the internal channel of the upper specimen by the pipeline. The utility model can realize large load, high-precision loading and real-time self-lubrication of friction pairs, and can realize the reciprocating friction performance test of various forms of friction pairs.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a to the friction and wear of material and the technical field of lubricity test, the more specifically reciprocating type friction and wear testing machine from area lubrication and compound power loading system that says so.
Background
The reciprocating friction wear tester is a device which can be used for testing the friction performance and the lubricating effect of a lubricant of a moving pair made of metal or non-metal materials. Most simulation of reciprocating type friction wear testing machine on the existing market is in the friction wear condition under the test piece dry friction condition, and friction part can involve lubricated problem among the operating condition, and most testing machines can't simulate the lubrication wear condition, and reciprocating type friction wear testing machine on the market has the less problem of load more, can't simulate the friction operating mode under the relatively great load condition. Meanwhile, most of the existing reciprocating friction and wear testing machines can only measure the friction pairs in a single plane form, and the friction conditions among the friction pairs in different forms are difficult to measure.
For effectively solving foretell technological problem, the utility model provides a reciprocating type friction wear testing machine from area lubrication and compound power loading system, can carry out the friction experiment under the lubricated operating mode of emollient has, and use the compound power loading system of weight and spring, carry out coarse loading and big loading power loading through the weight lever, bolt spring fine loading and auxiliary loading's method, thereby realize the high load, high accuracy loading, make the friction experiment result more be close to operating condition, simultaneously to upper and lower test piece carry out the modularized design, can be convenient more change up, the form of lower test piece, it is vice to make the testing machine be convenient for measure the plane, V-arrangement cross section removes vice, the forked tail groove shape removes vice, the friction condition between the friction of multiple forms such as rectangular cross section removes vice, and not only be limited to the friction condition between the cylinder is vice.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with a lubricating and composite force loading system aiming at the problems in the background technology; the testing machine is provided with a lubricating system for simulating a real-time self-lubricating state during friction, and is loaded in a weight and spring combined loading mode, coarse loading and large loading force loading are realized through a weight lever, and fine loading and auxiliary loading are realized through a bolt spring, so that large load and high precision loading are realized.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a reciprocating type friction wear testing machine with a lubricating and composite force loading system comprises a lubricating system, a base support leg, a base, an upper test piece, a heating device, a fixed pulley, a guide rod I, a lower test piece, a linear bearing I, a flexible beam, a composite force loading system, a balance weight rod, a balance weight, a rotating shaft, a strain gauge, an L-shaped support, a temperature sensor, a speed regulating motor, a linear bearing II, a guide rod II, a connecting rod, a crank disc, a speed sensor and a conversion joint, wherein the base support leg is connected with the base through a bolt; the speed regulating motor is fixed on the base through a bolt; the crank disc is connected with the speed regulating motor through a coupler; the connecting rod is connected with the crank disc through a revolute pair; the guide rod II is connected with the connecting rod through a revolute pair and is connected with the linear bearing II through a sliding pair; the linear bearing II is fixed on the base through a bolt; the guide rod I is connected with the linear bearing I through a sliding pair; the linear bearing I is fixed on the base through a bolt. The speed regulating motor provides the required rotational speed of testing machine, utilizes the crank block mechanism that crank dish, connecting rod, guide arm I and guide arm II constitute to change rotary motion into reciprocating linear motion to drive test piece down and do reciprocating linear motion, the simulation friction motion state that reciprocates.
The L-shaped bracket is fixed on the upper part of the base through a bolt; the fixed end of the flexible beam and the L-shaped bracket form a revolute pair through a rotating shaft; the balance weight rod is connected to the end part of the fixed end of the flexible beam through threads, and the balance weight is hung on the balance weight rod; the strain gauges are respectively adhered to two sides of the middle part of the flexible beam through adhesives; the upper test piece is connected to the lower part of the floating end of the flexible beam through a stud; the upper test piece is connected with the adapter through threads, and the adapter is communicated with a lubricating flow channel in the upper test piece; the lower test piece is connected with the upper test piece through a sliding pair, the two ends of the lower test piece are coaxially connected with the guide rod I and the guide rod II through threads respectively, and the axis of the lower test piece is perpendicular to the central plane of the flexible beam. The experiment prepares the stage, use the influence that the flexible roof beam self gravity brought of balance weight balance, it passes through the screw thread setting in the flexible roof beam lower part to go up the test piece, be convenient for dismantle the change to last test piece, lubricating system passes through crossover sub and is connected with last test piece, supply emollient is connected with simulation lubricated friction state, the test piece passes through the screw thread and is connected with guide arm I and guide arm II down, be convenient for dismantle the change to lower test piece, thereby measure the vice friction condition of different forms friction, and do not confine the vice measurement of friction of cylinder pair.
The lubricating system consists of a motor base, a motor, a coupler, a gear pump, an oil collecting tank, a filter, an oil return tank and an overflow valve; wherein the motor is fixed on the motor base through a bolt; the gear pump is connected with the motor through a coupling; a liquid outlet at the upper part of the gear pump is connected with an adapter joint arranged on the upper test piece through a hose; an overflow valve is connected in parallel between a liquid outlet at the upper part of the gear pump and an oil collecting tank, and the oil collecting tank is fixed on the base through a bolt; a liquid inlet at the lower part of the gear pump is connected with the oil return tank through a pipeline; the filter is arranged at the liquid outlet at the lower part of the oil collecting tank; the oil return tank is arranged at the lower part of the filter; the overflow valve liquid outlet is connected with the oil return tank through a pipeline. When the experiment begins, the starting motor drives the gear pump to inject the lubricant into the contact surface of the lower test piece and the upper test piece, so that the lubricating condition in the friction and wear experiment process is simulated. The lubricant leaked after flowing through the friction surface flows into the oil collecting tank and returns to the oil return tank through the filter, so that the purpose of recycling is achieved.
The composite force loading system consists of a lever weight loading device, a bolt spring loading device and a transition stud; the weight loading device is connected to the end part of the floating end of the flexible beam through threads; the bolt spring loading device is fixed on the upper portion of the L-shaped support through a bolt and is arranged on the upper portion of the floating end of the flexible beam through a transition stud. The lever weight loading device and the bolt spring loading device are mutually independent or are loaded in a combined loading mode to load a test piece, coarse loading and large loading force loading are achieved through the weight lever, fine loading and auxiliary loading are achieved through the bolt spring, and the loading device is provided with a scale to calibrate the size of the loading force, so that the design purposes of large loading and high-precision loading are achieved.
Preferably, the utility model provides a reciprocating friction wear testing machine with a lubricating and composite force loading system, wherein the speed sensor is arranged on the base through a magnetic base, and the probe of the speed sensor is aligned with the guide rod II and is vertical to the central axis of the guide rod II; the fixed pulley is arranged on the base through a screw, and the central line of the groove of the fixed pulley and the axis of the lower test piece are in the same plane; the heating device is arranged on the upper test piece through a bolt; the temperature sensor is arranged on the base through the magnetic base, and the probe of the temperature sensor is aligned to the upper test piece. And in the debugging stage of the tester, the transverse force is loaded on the flexible beam by using the fixed pulley to calibrate the measurement data of the flexible beam. The heating device is used for heating the upper test piece in the test process, the temperature working condition in the test process is simulated, and the temperature and the speed in the friction process are monitored and fed back in real time through the temperature sensor and the speed sensor.
Preferably, the utility model provides a reciprocating type friction wear testing machine from area lubrication and combined force loading system, lever weight loading device, including weight loading scale, loading weight pole, loading weight and set nut; the weight loading rod is fixed at the end part of the floating end of the flexible beam through threads, and the outer surface of the weight loading rod is provided with threads; the loading weight is fixed on the weight loading rod through two positioning nuts; the weight loading scale is arranged on the lower portion of the loading weight rod. The lever weight loading device sets the loading force by adjusting the position of the loading weight on the weight loading rod and adjusting the mass of the loading weight, and the loading force can be marked through the weight loading scale.
Preferably, the utility model provides a reciprocating type friction wear testing machine from area lubrication and compound power loading system, bolt spring loading device, including lower spring stopper, loading spring, upper spring stopper, pointer, spring loading scale, loading bolt and bolt support; the bolt support is arranged at the top of the L-shaped support through a bolt, and the loading bolt is arranged on the bolt support through a thread and is connected with the upper spring limiting block through a plane pair; the spring loading scale is arranged at the lower part of the bolt support and is vertical to the pointer; the pointer is fixed on the side surface of the upper spring limiting block; the upper spring limiting block and the lower spring limiting block are connected through a sliding pair and are coaxially arranged; the lower spring limiting block is connected to the upper part of the floating end of the flexible beam through a stud at the upper part of a transition stud, and the transition stud is fixed in a threaded hole at the floating end of the flexible beam through a locking nut I; the loading spring is arranged between the lower spring limiting block and the upper spring limiting block. The bolt spring loading device sets the loading force by adjusting the position of the loading bolt, and the loading force can be marked by a pointer and a spring loading scale.
Preferably, the utility model provides a reciprocating friction wear testing machine with a lubricating and composite force loading system, wherein the upper test piece is fixed on a stud at the lower part of the transition stud through a locking nut II, and the upper test piece is provided with a sealing groove, a liquid outlet hole, a liquid storage groove and a liquid inlet hole; one end of the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the adapter; the liquid storage tank is arranged in the upper test piece and is communicated with the sealing groove through a liquid outlet hole; the seal groove is composed of five identical grooves and is uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the upper test piece, and the upper test piece and the lower test piece are matched to form a sealed volume. And the height of the upper test piece in the vertical direction can be adjusted by adjusting the locking nut II and the transition stud. And the lubricant is injected into the adapter through a lubricating system pipeline and enters the liquid storage tank through the liquid inlet hole. The diameter of the liquid inlet hole is larger than that of the liquid outlet holes, lubricant can be stored in the liquid storage tank and flows into the sealing groove from each liquid outlet hole, and the lubricant in the sealing groove can generate a lubricating effect to lubricate the friction surface of the test piece so as to simulate the lubricating friction working condition. In addition, the change of the lubricating working condition is realized by adjusting the lubricating system, and the defects that the traditional reciprocating friction testing machine is difficult to lubricate and the lubricating state is difficult to change are overcome.
Preferably, the utility model provides a reciprocating type friction wear testing machine from lubricated and compound power loading system in area, flexible roof beam is by the rigidity board I that thickness is thicker, the flexible board that thickness is thinner, the rigidity board II that thickness is thicker, screw hole I, screw hole II, link up unthreaded hole and screw hole III and constitute, and rigidity board I is in the floating end, rigidity board II is in the stiff end, the flexible board is in between rigidity board I and rigidity board II; the middle of the rigid plate I is provided with a threaded hole I which penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface, the end part of the rigid plate I is provided with a threaded hole II, the side surface of the rigid plate II is provided with a through unthreaded hole, and the end part of the rigid plate II is provided with a threaded hole III; the weight loading rod is coaxially connected with the threaded hole II through threads; the transition stud is coaxially connected with the threaded hole I through threads; the rotating shaft is connected with the through unthreaded hole through a rotating pair; the balance weight rod is coaxially connected with the threaded hole III through threads.
As preferred, the utility model provides a from reciprocating type friction wear testing machine of lubricated and compound power loading system in area, the central plane of flexbile plate and the central plane mutually perpendicular of rigid plate I, the central plane of rigid plate I and the central plane of rigid plate II are parallel to each other, and the central plane of flexbile plate when undeformed with the direction of motion mutually perpendicular of lower test piece.
The flexible plate in the middle of the flexible beam can generate tiny deflection deformation due to the friction force between the upper test piece and the lower test piece in the experimental process, and the deflection deformation is converted into a measurement signal through the strain gauge to be processed and analyzed, so that the real-time friction force existing between the test pieces can be sensitively measured.
To sum up, compare with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) the utility model provides a compound power loading system adopts lever weight loading device and bolt spring loading device mutually independent or compound loading's mode to load the test piece, realizes thick loading and big loading power loading through the weight lever, realizes smart loading and supplementary loading through bolt spring, and is equipped with the size of scale in order to mark the loading power among the loading device to reach the loaded design purpose of heavy load and high accuracy.
(2) Real-time self-lubrication in the friction pair friction process is realized through a self-contained lubricating system, the lubricating working condition is changed by adjusting the lubricating system, and the defects that the traditional reciprocating friction testing machine is difficult to lubricate and the lubricating state is difficult to change are overcome.
(3) The modular design is carried out on the upper test piece and the lower test piece, the structural forms of the upper test piece and the lower test piece can be conveniently and rapidly replaced, and therefore the tribological properties of friction pairs in various forms such as a plane pair, a V-shaped section moving pair, a dovetail groove moving pair, a rectangular section moving pair and a cylindrical friction pair can be conveniently measured. The technical problem that the conventional reciprocating friction and wear testing machine can only measure the reciprocating friction and wear of a single-form friction pair is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lubrication system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the exercise apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the force combination loading system of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the bolt spring loading device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composite force loading system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the upper test piece structure of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front sectional view of the upper test piece of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the upper test piece of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the flexible beam structure of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view, partially in section, of a flexible beam of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of different friction pairs formed by matching different upper and lower test pieces of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a lubrication system; 2. a base support leg; 3. a base; 4. loading a test piece; 5. a heating device; 6. a fixed pulley; 7. a guide rod I; 8. a lower test piece; 9. a linear bearing I; 10. a flexible beam; 11. a compound force loading system; 12. a balance weight rod; 13. balancing weights; 14. a rotating shaft; 15. a strain gauge; an L-shaped stent; 17. a temperature sensor; 18. a speed-regulating motor; 19. a linear bearing II; 20. a guide rod II; 21. a connecting rod; 22. a crank disk; 23. a speed sensor; 24. a crossover sub; 101. a motor base; 102. a motor; 103. a coupling; 104. a gear pump; 105. an oil collecting tank; 106. a filter; 107. an oil return tank; 108. an overflow valve; 41. a sealing groove; 42. a liquid outlet hole; 43. a liquid storage tank; 44. a liquid inlet hole; 45. locking a nut II; 111. a lever weight loading device; 112. a bolt spring loading device; 113. a transition stud; 1001. a rigid plate I; 1002. a flexible board; 1003. a rigid plate II; 1004. a threaded hole I; 1005. a threaded hole II; 1006. a light hole is penetrated; 1007. a threaded hole III; 1111. a weight loading scale; 1112. loading weight rods; 1113. loading weights; 1114. positioning a nut; 1121. a lower spring limiting block; 1122. loading a spring; 1123. an upper spring limiting block; 1124. a pointer; 1125. a spring-loaded scale; 1126. loading a bolt; 1127. a bolt bracket; 1128. and locking the nut I.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-12, in the present invention, a reciprocating friction wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system includes a lubricating system 1, a base supporting leg 2, a base 3, an upper test piece 4, a heating device 5, a fixed pulley 6, a guide rod i 7, a lower test piece 8, a linear bearing i 9, a flexible beam 10, a composite force loading system 11, a balance weight rod 12, a balance weight 13, a rotating shaft 14, a strain gauge 15, an L-shaped bracket 16, a temperature sensor 17, a speed regulating motor 18, a linear bearing ii 19, a guide rod ii 20, a connecting rod 21, a crank disc 22, a speed sensor 23 and a conversion joint 24. As shown in fig. 1, the base feet 2 are connected with the base 3 through bolts; the speed regulating motor 18 is fixed on the base 3 through a bolt; the crank disc 22 is connected with the speed regulating motor 18 through a coupler; the connecting rod 21 is connected with the crank disc 22 through a revolute pair; the guide rod II 20 is connected with the connecting rod 21 through a revolute pair and is connected with the linear bearing II 19 through a sliding pair; the linear bearing II 19 is fixed on the base 3 through a bolt; the guide rod I7 is connected with the linear bearing I9 through a sliding pair; the linear bearing I9 is fixed on the base 3 through a bolt. The speed regulating motor 18 provides the rotating speed required by the testing machine, the rotating motion is converted into reciprocating linear motion by a crank slider mechanism consisting of a crank disc 22, a connecting rod 23, a guide rod I7 and a guide rod II 20, and the test piece 8 is driven by the guide rod II 20 to do reciprocating linear motion to simulate the reciprocating friction motion state.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the L-shaped bracket 16 is fixed on the upper part of the base 3 by bolts; the fixed end of the flexible beam 10 forms a revolute pair with the L-shaped bracket 16 through a rotating shaft 14; the balance weight rod 12 is connected to the end part of the fixed end of the flexible beam 10 through a thread, and the balance weight 13 is hung on the balance weight rod 12; the strain gauges 15 are respectively adhered to two sides of the middle part of the flexible beam 10 through adhesives; the upper test piece 4 is connected to the lower part of the floating end of the flexible beam 10 through a stud; the upper test piece 4 is connected with an adapter 24 through threads, and the adapter 24 is communicated with a lubricating flow channel in the upper test piece 4; the lower test piece 8 is connected with the upper test piece 4 through a sliding pair, two ends of the lower test piece 8 are coaxially connected with the guide rod I7 and the guide rod II 20 through threads respectively, and the axis of the lower test piece 8 is perpendicular to the central plane of the flexible beam 10. The experiment prepares the stage, use the influence that the self gravity of balance weight 13 balance flexible roof beam 10 brought, it sets up in flexible roof beam 10 lower part through the screw thread to go up test piece 4, be convenient for dismantle the change to last test piece 4, lubricating system 1 passes through crossover sub 24 and is connected with last test piece 4, supply emollient is in order to simulate lubricated friction state, lower test piece 8 passes through screw thread and guide arm I7, II 20 coaxial centres of guide arm are connected, be convenient for dismantle the change to test piece 4 down, thereby measure the friction condition of different forms friction pairs, and do not confine the measurement of cylinder pair friction pair to.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the lubricating system 1 is composed of a motor base 101, a motor 102, a coupler 103, a gear pump 104, an oil collecting tank 105, a filter 106, an oil return tank 107 and an overflow valve 108; wherein the motor 102 is fixed on the motor base 101 through bolts; the gear pump 104 is connected with the motor 102 through a coupling 103; a liquid outlet at the upper part of the gear pump 104 is connected with an adapter 24 arranged on the upper test piece 4 through a hose; an overflow valve 108 is connected in parallel between a liquid outlet at the upper part of the gear pump 104 and an oil collecting tank 105, and the oil collecting tank 105 is fixed on the base 3 through bolts; a liquid inlet at the lower part of the gear pump 104 is connected with an oil return tank 107 through a pipeline; the filter 106 is arranged at a liquid outlet at the lower part of the oil collecting tank 105; the oil return tank 107 is provided below the filter 106; the outlet of the overflow valve 108 is connected with the oil return tank 107 through a pipeline. At the beginning of the experiment, the starting motor 102 drives the gear pump 104 to inject the lubricant into the contact surface of the lower test piece 8 and the upper test piece 4, so as to simulate the lubricating condition in the friction and wear experiment process. The lubricant leaking after flowing over the friction surface flows into the oil collection tank 105 and returns to the oil return tank 107 through the filter 106 for recycling.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the composite force loading system 11 is composed of a lever weight loading device 111, a bolt spring loading device 112 and a transition stud 113; the weight loading device 111 is connected to the end part of the floating end of the flexible beam 10 through threads; the bolt spring loading device 112 is fixed on the upper part of the L-shaped bracket 16 through a bolt and is arranged on the upper part of the floating end of the flexible beam 10 through a transition stud 113. The lever weight loading device 111 and the bolt spring loading device 112 are mutually independent or are loaded in a combined loading mode to load a test piece, coarse loading and large loading force loading are achieved through a weight lever, fine loading and auxiliary loading are achieved through a bolt spring, high load and high precision loading are achieved, and a measuring result is accurate.
As shown in fig. 1, the speed sensor 23 is arranged on the base 3 through a magnetic base, and a probe of the speed sensor is aligned with the guide rod ii 20 and is perpendicular to the central axis of the alignment guide rod ii 20; the fixed pulley 6 is arranged on the base 3 through a screw, and the central line of the groove of the fixed pulley is in the same plane with the axis of the lower test piece 8; the heating device 5 is arranged on the upper test piece 4 through a bolt; the temperature sensor 17 is arranged on the base 3 through a magnetic base, and the probe thereof is aligned with the upper test piece 4. In the debugging stage of the tester, the fixed pulley 6 is used for loading transverse force on the flexible beam 10 to calibrate the measurement data of the flexible beam, the heating device 5 is used for heating the upper test piece 4, the temperature working condition in the experimental process is simulated, and the temperature and the speed in the friction process are monitored and fed back in real time through the temperature sensor 17 and the speed sensor 23.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the lever weight loading device 111 includes a weight loading scale 1111, a loading weight rod 1112, a loading weight 1113 and a positioning nut 1114; the weight loading rod 1112 is fixed at the end part of the floating end of the flexible beam 10 through threads, and the outer surface of the weight loading rod is provided with threads; the loading weight 1113 is fixed on a weight loading rod 1112 through two positioning nuts 1114; the weight loading scale 1111 is disposed below the weight loading rod 1112. The lever weight loading device 111 sets the loading force by adjusting the position of the loading weight 1112 on the loading weight rod 1113 and adjusting the mass of the loading weight 1113, and the loading force can be indicated by the weight loading scale 1111.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the bolt spring loading device 112 includes a lower spring stop block 1121, a loading spring 1122, an upper spring stop block 1123, a pointer 1124, a spring loading scale 1125, a loading bolt 1126 and a bolt support 1127; the bolt bracket 1127 is installed at the top of the L-shaped bracket 16 through a bolt, and the loading bolt 1126 is installed on the bolt bracket 1127 through a thread and is connected with the upper spring limiting block 1123 through a plane pair; the spring-loaded scale 1125 is disposed below the bolt support 1127 and perpendicular to the pointer 1124; the pointer 1124 is fixed on the side of the upper spring limit block 1123; the upper spring limiting block 1123 is connected with the lower spring limiting block 1121 through a sliding pair and is coaxially arranged; the lower spring limiting block 1121 is connected to the upper part of the floating end of the flexible beam 10 through a stud at the upper part of the transition stud 113; the transition stud 113 is fixed in a threaded hole at the floating end of the flexible beam 10 through a locking nut I1128; the loading spring 1122 is installed between the lower spring stopper 1121 and the upper spring stopper 1123. The bolt spring loader 112 sets the loading force by adjusting the position of the loading bolt 1126, which can be indicated by the pointer 1124 and the spring loaded scale 1125.
As shown in fig. 4 to 8, the upper test piece 4 is fixed on the stud at the lower part of the transition stud 113 through a lock nut ii 45. The upper test piece 4 is provided with a sealing groove 41, a liquid outlet hole 42, a liquid storage tank 43 and a liquid inlet hole 44; one end of the liquid inlet hole 44 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 43, and the other end is communicated with the adapter 24; the liquid storage tank 43 is arranged in the upper test piece 4 and is communicated with the sealing groove 41 through the liquid outlet hole 42; the sealing groove 41 is composed of five identical grooves, and is uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the upper test piece 4, and the upper test piece 4 and the lower test piece 8 are matched to form a sealing volume. The height of the upper test piece 4 in the vertical direction can be adjusted by adjusting the locking nut II 45 and the transition stud 113, and lubricant is injected into the adapter 24 through a lubricating system pipeline and enters the liquid storage tank 43 through the liquid inlet hole 44. The diameter of the liquid inlet hole 44 is larger than that of the liquid outlet holes 42, lubricant can be stored in the liquid storage tank 43 and flows into the sealing groove 41 from the liquid outlet holes 42, the lubricant in the sealing groove 41 can generate a lubricating effect, and the friction surface of the test piece is sufficiently lubricated to simulate a lubricating friction working condition. In addition, the change of the lubricating working condition is realized by adjusting the lubricating system, and the defects that the traditional reciprocating friction testing machine is difficult to lubricate and the lubricating state is difficult to change are overcome.
As shown in fig. 10 and 12, the flexible beam 10 is composed of a thick rigid plate i 1001, a thin flexible plate 1002, a thick rigid plate ii 1003, a threaded hole i 1004, a threaded hole ii 1005, a through unthreaded hole 1006 and a threaded hole iii 1007, wherein the rigid plate i 1001 is at a floating end, the rigid plate ii 1003 is at a fixed end, and the flexible plate 1002 is between the rigid plate i 1001 and the rigid plate ii 1003; a threaded hole I1004 penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface is formed in the middle of the rigid plate I1001, a threaded hole II 1005 is formed in the end portion of the rigid plate I1001, a penetrating unthreaded hole 1006 is formed in the side surface of the rigid plate II 1003, and a threaded hole III 1007 is formed in the end portion of the rigid plate II 1003; the weight loading rod 1112 is coaxially connected with the threaded hole II 1005 through threads; the transition stud 113 is coaxially connected with the threaded hole I1004 through threads; the rotating shaft 14 is connected with the through unthreaded hole 1006 through a revolute pair; the balance weight rod 12 is coaxially connected with the threaded hole III 1007 through threads.
As shown in fig. 10 and 12, the center plane of the flexible board 1002 is perpendicular to the center plane of the rigid board i 1001, the center plane of the rigid board i 1001 is parallel to the center plane of the rigid board ii 1003, and the center plane of the flexible board 1002 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the lower test piece 8 when undeformed. The flexible plate 1002 in the middle of the flexible beam 10 generates small deflection deformation due to friction force in the experiment process, and the small deflection deformation is converted into a measurement signal through the strain gauge 15 to be processed and analyzed, so that the real-time friction force existing between test pieces can be measured sensitively.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the sliding pair formed between the upper test piece 4 and the lower test piece 8 is not limited to a cylindrical pair, but may include other friction pairs in various forms, such as a planar pair, a V-shaped cross-section sliding pair, a dovetail groove-shaped cross-section sliding pair, and a rectangular cross-section sliding pair. And the upper test piece 4 and the lower test piece 8 are both arranged in a detachable mode, so that the upper test piece and the lower test piece are convenient to detach and replace.
In the debugging stage of the tester, the influence of the loading force caused by the self gravity of the flexible beam 10 is balanced by adjusting the weight of the balance weight 13; a weight and an upper test piece 4 are connected through a steel wire rope, the weight loads transverse force on the flexible beam 10 through the fixed pulley 6 arranged on the base 3 to calibrate deformation parameters and measured data of the flexible beam 10, and the tester can be normally used after calibration.
During experiments, an upper test piece 4 to be measured is arranged on the lower portion of the transition stud 113 through threads and the locking nut II 45, the height of the upper test piece 4 in the vertical direction is adjusted by adjusting the position of the locking nut II 45 on the transition stud 113, the flexible beam 10 is further ensured to be in the horizontal position, and the upper test piece 4 is locked through the locking nut II 45; two ends of a lower test piece 8 to be measured are coaxially connected with the guide rod I7 and the guide rod II 20 respectively through threads; adjusting the position of the loading weight 1113 on the loading weight rod 1112, positioning the loading weight 1113 by using a positioning nut 1114, reading the size of the weight loading force through a weight loading scale 1111, and carrying out coarse loading and large loading force loading; adjusting the position of a loading bolt 1126, calibrating the magnitude of a spring loading force through a pointer 1124 and a spring loading scale 1125, and carrying out fine loading and auxiliary loading; the required lubricant is injected into the oil return tank 107, and the heating device 5 is started to heat the upper test piece, so that the temperature reaches the temperature level of experimental simulation. Starting the speed regulating motor 18 to drive the lower test piece 8 to do reciprocating linear motion and generate friction with the upper test piece 4; the motor 102 is started to drive the gear pump 104 to supply oil to the upper test piece 4, and the lubricant flows into the sealing groove 41 through a flow channel in the upper test piece 4 to generate a lubricating effect on the friction surface; the lubricant that leaks out after flowing over the friction surfaces flows into the oil collection tank 105 and back into the oil return tank 107 via the filter 106 for recycling purposes, and can also be converted into the amount of leakage of the friction pair by measuring the volume of leakage liquid in the oil collection tank 105.
In the experimental process, the flexibility deformation of the flexible beam 10 caused by the friction force is amplified through the flexible beam 10, and the flexibility deformation is converted into a measuring signal through the strain gauge 15 to be processed and analyzed, so that the friction force existing between the test pieces is measured sensitively. After one friction pair measurement is finished, the speed regulating motor 18 and the motor 102 are stopped, the loading weight 1113 and the rotary loading stud 1126 are removed for unloading, the upper test piece 4 and the lower test piece 8 are disassembled through threads, and then the new test pieces are replaced, so that other forms of friction pairs such as a plane pair, a V-shaped section moving pair, a dovetail groove-shaped moving pair, a rectangular section moving pair and the like can be measured, and the friction condition between the cylindrical pairs can be measured.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A reciprocating type friction wear testing machine with a lubricating and composite force loading system comprises a lubricating system (1), base support legs (2), a base (3), an upper test piece (4), a heating device (5), a fixed pulley (6), a guide rod I (7), a lower test piece (8), a linear bearing I (9), a flexible beam (10), a composite force loading system (11), a balance weight rod (12), a balance weight (13), a rotating shaft (14), a strain gauge (15), an L-shaped bracket (16), a temperature sensor (17), a speed regulating motor (18), a linear bearing II (19), a guide rod II (20), a connecting rod (21), a crank disc (22), a speed sensor (23) and a conversion joint (24), wherein the base support legs (2) are connected with the base (3) through bolts; the speed regulating motor (18) is fixed on the base (3) through a bolt; the crank disc (22) is connected with the speed regulating motor (18) through a coupler; the connecting rod (21) is connected with the crank disc (22) through a revolute pair; the guide rod II (20) is connected with the connecting rod (21) through a revolute pair and connected with the linear bearing II (19) through a sliding pair; the linear bearing II (19) and the linear bearing I (9) are fixed on the base (3) through bolts; the linear bearing I (9) is connected with the guide rod I (7) through a sliding pair; the method is characterized in that:
the L-shaped bracket (16) is fixed on the upper part of the base (3) through a bolt; the fixed end of the flexible beam (10) and the L-shaped bracket (16) form a revolute pair through a rotating shaft (14); the balance weight rod (12) is connected to the end part of the fixed end of the flexible beam (10) through a thread, and the balance weight (13) is hung on the balance weight rod (12); the strain gauges (15) are respectively adhered to two sides of the middle part of the flexible beam (10) through adhesives; the upper test piece (4) is connected to the lower part of the floating end of the flexible beam (10) through a stud; the upper test piece (4) is connected with the adapter (24) through threads, and the adapter (24) is communicated with a lubricating flow channel in the upper test piece (4); the lower test piece (8) is connected with the upper test piece (4) through a sliding pair, two ends of the lower test piece (8) are coaxially connected with the guide rod I (7) and the guide rod II (20) respectively through threads, and the axis of the lower test piece (8) is vertical to the central plane of the flexible beam (10);
the lubricating system (1) consists of a motor base (101), a motor (102), a coupler (103), a gear pump (104), an oil collecting tank (105), a filter (106), an oil return tank (107) and an overflow valve (108); wherein the motor (102) is fixed on the motor base (101) through a bolt; the gear pump (104) is connected with the motor (102) through a coupling (103); a liquid outlet at the upper part of the gear pump (104) is connected with a conversion joint (24) arranged on the upper test piece (4) through a hose, an overflow valve (108) is connected in parallel between the liquid outlet at the upper part of the gear pump (104) and an oil collecting tank (105), and the oil collecting tank (105) is fixed on the base (3) through a bolt; a liquid inlet at the lower part of the gear pump (104) is connected with an oil return tank (107) through a pipeline; the filter (106) is arranged at a liquid outlet at the lower part of the oil collecting tank (105); the oil return tank (107) is arranged at the lower part of the filter (106); the liquid outlet of the overflow valve (108) is connected with the oil return tank (107) through a pipeline;
the composite force loading system (11) consists of a lever weight loading device (111), a bolt spring loading device (112) and a transition stud (113); the weight loading device (111) is connected to the end part of the floating end of the flexible beam (10) through threads; the bolt spring loading device (112) is fixed on the upper portion of the L-shaped support (16) through a bolt and is arranged on the upper portion of the floating end of the flexible beam (10) through a transition stud (113).
2. The reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the speed sensor (23) is arranged on the base (3) through a magnetic base, and a probe of the speed sensor is aligned to the guide rod II 20 and is vertical to the central axis of the guide rod II (20); the fixed pulley (6) is arranged on the base (3) through a screw, and the central line of the groove of the fixed pulley and the axis of the lower test piece (8) are in the same plane; the heating device (5) is arranged on the upper test piece (4) through a bolt; the temperature sensor (17) is arranged on the base (3) through a magnetic base, and a probe of the temperature sensor is aligned to the upper test piece (4).
3. The reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lever weight loading device (111) comprises a weight loading ruler (1111), a weight loading rod (1112), a loading weight (1113) and a positioning nut (1114); the weight loading rod (1112) is fixed at the end part of the floating end of the flexible beam (10) through threads, and the outer surface of the weight loading rod is provided with threads; the loading weight (1113) is fixed on the weight loading rod (1112) through two positioning nuts (1114); the weight loading scale (1111) is arranged at the lower part of the weight loading rod (1112).
4. The reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bolt spring loading device (112) comprises a lower spring limiting block (1121), a loading spring (1122), an upper spring limiting block (1123), a pointer (1124), a spring loading scale (1125), a loading bolt (1126) and a bolt support (1127); the bolt bracket (1127) is arranged at the top of the L-shaped bracket (16) through a bolt; the loading bolt (1126) is installed on the bolt bracket (1127) through threads and is connected with the upper spring limiting block (1123) through a plane pair; the spring-loaded scale (1125) is arranged below the bolt bracket (1127) and is perpendicular to the pointer (1124); the pointer (1124) is fixed on the side surface of the upper spring limiting block (1123); the upper spring limiting block (1123) is connected with the lower spring limiting block (1121) through a sliding pair and is arranged coaxially; the lower spring limiting block (1121) is connected to the upper part of the floating end of the flexible beam (10) through a stud at the upper part of the transition stud (113), and the transition stud (113) is fixed in a threaded hole at the floating end of the flexible beam (10) through a locking nut I (1128); the loading spring (1122) is arranged between the lower spring limiting block (1121) and the upper spring limiting block (1123).
5. The reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper test piece (4) is fixed on the stud at the lower part of the transition stud (113) through a locking nut II (45), and a sealing groove (41), a liquid outlet hole (42), a liquid storage tank (43) and a liquid inlet hole (44) are arranged on the upper test piece (4); one end of the liquid inlet hole (44) is communicated with the liquid storage tank (43), and the other end is communicated with the adapter (24); the liquid storage tank (43) is arranged in the upper test piece (4) and is communicated with the sealing groove (41) through the liquid outlet hole (42); the sealing groove (41) consists of five identical grooves and is uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the upper test piece (4), and the upper test piece (4) and the lower test piece (8) are matched to form a sealing volume.
6. The reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flexible beam (10) is composed of a thick rigid plate I (1001), a thin flexible plate (1002), a thick rigid plate II (1003), a threaded hole I (1004), a threaded hole II (1005), a through unthreaded hole (1006) and a threaded hole III (1007), wherein the rigid plate I (1001) is at a floating end, the rigid plate II (1003) is at a fixed end, and the flexible plate (1002) is located between the rigid plate I (1001) and the rigid plate II (1003); a threaded hole I (1004) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface is formed in the middle of the rigid plate I (1001), a threaded hole II (1005) is formed in the end portion of the rigid plate I (1001), a penetrating unthreaded hole (1006) is formed in the side surface of the rigid plate II (1003), and a threaded hole III (1007) is formed in the end portion of the rigid plate II (1003); the weight loading rod (1112) is coaxially connected with the threaded hole II (1005) through threads; the transition stud (113) is coaxially connected with the threaded hole I (1004) through threads; the rotating shaft (14) is connected with the through unthreaded hole (1006) through a rotating pair; the balance weight rod (12) is coaxially connected with the threaded hole III (1007) through threads.
7. The reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and composite force loading system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the central plane of the flexible plate (1002) is perpendicular to the central plane of the rigid plate I (1001), the central plane of the rigid plate I (1001) is parallel to the central plane of the rigid plate II (1003), and the central plane of the flexible plate (1002) is perpendicular to the movement direction of the lower test piece (8) when the flexible plate is not deformed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920968405.2U CN210243418U (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | A reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with its own lubrication and compound force loading system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920968405.2U CN210243418U (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | A reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with its own lubrication and compound force loading system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160906A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-23 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of reciprocating friction abrasion tester of included lubrication and compound force loading system |
| CN111521503A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-11 | 清华大学 | Friction test equipment for vacuum and low temperature environments |
| CN114778361A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Reciprocating type friction and wear testing machine |
-
2019
- 2019-06-24 CN CN201920968405.2U patent/CN210243418U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160906A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-23 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of reciprocating friction abrasion tester of included lubrication and compound force loading system |
| CN110160906B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2024-03-22 | 安徽理工大学 | Reciprocating friction and wear testing machine with lubricating and compound force loading system |
| CN111521503A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-11 | 清华大学 | Friction test equipment for vacuum and low temperature environments |
| CN111521503B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-02-19 | 清华大学 | Friction test equipment for vacuum and low temperature environments |
| CN114778361A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Reciprocating type friction and wear testing machine |
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