CN210220147U - Intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system - Google Patents
Intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the field of energy-saving buildings, in particular to an intelligent double-layer lighting roof ventilation system, which comprises an outer layer roof, an inner layer roof, a ridge ventilator and an intelligent control mechanism, wherein a ventilation channel is arranged between the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof; the inner roof is distributed with an inner ventilation window which can be opened and closed; a ridge ventilator is arranged at the ridge of the outer layer roof; the intelligent control mechanism comprises an indoor controller, an outdoor anemometer, an outdoor humiture instrument, an indoor humiture instrument and a storage battery; the system enables the building to effectively utilize natural light for illumination and has the function of photovoltaic power generation; meanwhile, in hot seasons and transitional seasons, the heat insulation can be effectively realized, and simultaneously, the natural ventilation under the action of hot pressing and outdoor wind pressure can be used for taking away the waste heat of the roof and the top of the building, so that the air circulation of the top is enhanced; in cold seasons, the ventilation channel can be used as a heat collecting space to enhance roof heat preservation and reduce heating energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an energy-conserving building field, an intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system specifically says so.
Background
With the development of economic society, public buildings with large depths and large spaces emerge endlessly, such as hospitals, libraries, shopping malls, transportation hub stations and the like. For a large-space building form, the internal illumination needs to reach the normal use condition, the lighting requirement of the middle space far away from the side window is difficult to meet by using single side window for lighting, and then the lighting roof is a common form. The roof lighting can increase the indoor natural illuminance far away from the side window, and the problem of uneven lighting of large-depth and large-space buildings can be effectively solved. The natural light environment is the most comfortable and healthier environment in human visual work, is used as a cheap light source, is beneficial to the healthy life of people and improves the visual function. In addition, natural light is utilized to illuminate, and meanwhile, natural resources are effectively utilized, and natural lighting is fully considered, so that the energy consumption and the operating cost of artificial illumination can be effectively reduced, and the natural lighting system is an important aspect of building energy conservation.
The solar photovoltaic building integration technology is that a photovoltaic module is laid on the outer surface of an enclosure structure, solar energy radiated to the surface of a building is converted into electric energy to supply heating, air conditioning, lighting, equipment operation and the like to the building, and a photovoltaic roof, a photovoltaic curtain wall, a photovoltaic skylight and the like are common photovoltaic building integration forms. On one hand, the photovoltaic power generation reduces the pollution caused by the combustion of the traditional fossil fuel, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation has no noise and cannot influence the living environment during power generation, and is a clean and environment-friendly energy utilization form. And the photovoltaic system can be used by itself, so that the cost and energy consumption in the current transmission process are reduced, and the investment of power transmission and distribution and the maintenance cost are reduced. Due to modularization of the photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic system is extremely convenient to install and can be freely selected in the aspect of power generation capacity.
It is well known that daylighting roofing buildings are presented where it is desirable to have a clear, bright, well-microclimated public space in the interior of a large space building. However, from the project which is built at present, the internal thermal environment of a large number of daylighting roof buildings is not ideal and the energy consumption is large. The upper part of the building space of the lighting roof is easy to generate heat accumulation effect due to the effect of solar radiation heat, namely, the temperature of the upper part of the building is higher due to the accumulation of hot air at the inner side of the lighting roof, and the situation is particularly serious in hot summer. The heat accumulated on the top can be gradually transferred to a working area through convection, conduction and radiation, and the air conditioning cooling load of the whole building is increased. For large-space public buildings, the proportion of the total cooling load of the cooling load generated by the non-air-conditioned area is large, and especially the proportion of the cooling load generated by the buildings with lighting roofs is large.
At present, two traditional solutions are generally adopted, one is to directly open a skylight on a lighting roof to ensure that hot air gathered at the top is self-emitted outdoors; and secondly, a side window is added on the top wall surface to increase ventilation quantity in a mechanical ventilation mode, so that the heat of the top is dissipated outdoors. However, the manner of opening the skylight is greatly influenced by seasons and weather conditions and is not beneficial to top heat insulation; and the mechanical ventilation mode of the side window consumes electric energy, thus being uneconomical and energy-saving.
In recent years, a plurality of natural ventilation modes under solar energy and wind energy are proposed for buildings with large spaces. However, most of the solar energy heat pressure or outdoor air pressure is used singly, because the natural ventilation under the combined action of the heat pressure and the air pressure is very complicated and is limited by various conditions. The hot pressing and the wind pressure are mutually complemented and unified on a roof structure, so that how to overcome the technical problems and defects become important problems to be solved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The invention of the utility model aims to overcome the defects described in the background technology, thereby realizing an intelligent double-layer lighting roof ventilation system, which enables the building to effectively utilize natural light illumination and have the function of photovoltaic power generation by creatively designing and intelligently controlling the lighting roof of the large-space building; meanwhile, in hot seasons and transition seasons, the ventilation channel of the double-layer roof and the ventilation window of the inner-layer roof are utilized, so that heat can be effectively insulated, and meanwhile, the waste heat of the roof and the top of the building can be taken away by natural ventilation under the action of hot pressing and outdoor wind pressure, and the air circulation of the top is enhanced; in cold seasons, the ventilation channel can be used as a heat collecting space to enhance roof heat preservation and reduce heating energy consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: an intelligent double-layer lighting roof ventilation system comprises an outer layer roof, an inner layer roof, a ridge ventilator and an intelligent control mechanism, wherein a ventilation channel is formed between the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof, and an eave ventilation opening capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the eave of the ventilation channel; the outer layer roof is a partial daylighting roof, and a photovoltaic power generation mechanism is arranged on the outer layer roof; the inner roof is a full-area daylighting roof, and openable inner ventilation windows are distributed on the inner roof; a ridge ventilator is arranged at the ridge of the outer layer roof, and two sides of the ridge ventilator are provided with ridge air outlets which can be opened and closed; the intelligent control mechanism comprises an indoor controller, an outdoor anemoscope, an outdoor humiture instrument, an indoor humiture instrument and a storage battery, wherein the outdoor anemoscope and the outdoor humiture instrument are fixedly arranged at the top of the ridge ventilator; the input and outdoor anemoscope, outdoor humiture appearance and indoor humiture appearance electric connection of indoor controller, the output of indoor controller and the actuating mechanism electric connection of eaves mouth vent, inlayer ventilation window and ridge air exit, the battery is used for storing the electric energy that photovoltaic power generation mechanism produced, and for the actuating mechanism power supply of indoor controller, outdoor anemoscope, outdoor humiture appearance, indoor humiture appearance and eaves mouth vent, inlayer ventilation window, ridge air exit.
Preferably, the outer roof adopts a # -shaped metal frame structure, outer layer lighting glass and photovoltaic glass are uniformly arranged on the metal frame at intervals, for example, the outer layer lighting glass and the photovoltaic glass are embedded in the sash of the metal frame, and the outer layer lighting glass is made of high visible light transmission glass and high solar total transmission glass, for example, colorless sandwich glass; the inner roof adopts a groined metal frame structure, inner lighting glass is arranged on the metal frame, for example, the inner lighting glass is directly adhered to the metal frame, and the inner lighting glass is made of high visible light transmission and Low total solar energy transmission glass, for example, double-silver Low-E glass; and inner ventilation windows are distributed on the slope surface of the inner roof.
Preferably, a group of inner layer ventilation windows are arranged on the inner layer roof every 3m-5m along the inclination direction of the inner layer roof, the distance between the innermost inner layer ventilation window and the ridge of the inner layer roof is 2m-3m, and the distance between the outermost inner layer ventilation window and the cornice of the inner layer roof is 3 m-4 m; the opening hole of the inner layer ventilation window faces the ridge, the opening angle between the inner layer ventilation window and the inner layer roof is 15-20 degrees, and the inner layer ventilation window glass is made of glass with high visible light transmission and high solar total transmission, such as double-silver Low-E glass.
Preferably, the height difference between the outer layer roof extension line and the inner layer roof at the central axis of the ridge is 0.3-0.5 m; the vertical section of the ventilation channel is gradually reduced from the cornice ventilation opening to the ridge direction.
Preferably, the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof are double-slope roofs, the slope of the outer layer roof is 15-25 degrees, the slope of the inner layer roof is 20-30 degrees, and the slope of the inner layer roof is 4-6 degrees greater than that of the outer layer roof.
Preferably, the cornice vent and the ridge air outlet are electric rainproof shutter air openings.
Preferably, the indoor temperature and humidity meter is arranged in an indoor non-air-conditioning area, and the installation height of the indoor temperature and humidity meter is greater than 1/2 of the net height of the internal space of the building.
Preferably, the height of the ridge ventilator is 1/20 of the span of the outer roof and is not less than 0.5m, the width of the ridge ventilator is twice of the height, and the top of the ridge ventilator can be made of colorless laminated glass.
The utility model discloses a ventilation system's ventilation theory of operation:
the work of the ventilation system of the utility model is divided into two modes, namely a heat preservation mode and a ventilation mode, and 8 ℃ is used as the reference temperature for the conversion between the heat preservation mode and the ventilation mode;
a heat preservation mode: activating when the outdoor average temperature value is lower than 8 ℃ every day for 5 continuous days; when the heat preservation mode is activated, closing the ridge air outlet, the inner layer ventilation window and the cornice ventilation opening;
and (3) ventilation mode: the ventilation mode is divided into three conditions which are respectively a ventilation mode A, B, C, in the ventilation mode, twice of the summer average wind speed of the location of the building is taken as a wind speed reference value, the included angle between the wind direction and the vertical line of the ridge line is less than or equal to 30 degrees and is taken as a main wind direction, the wind direction is divided into a left main wind direction and a right main wind direction, and the other wind directions are non-main wind directions; wherein
And (3) ventilation mode A: the outdoor wind direction is a non-dominant wind direction or the outdoor wind speed is activated when the outdoor wind speed is less than or equal to a wind speed reference value; when the mode is activated, opening a ridge air outlet, an inner layer ventilation window and a cornice ventilation opening;
and (3) ventilation mode B: the outdoor wind direction is the dominant wind direction, the outdoor wind speed is greater than the wind speed reference value, and the indoor non-air-conditioning area air enthalpy value is activated when being greater than the outdoor air enthalpy value; when the mode is activated, closing the ridge air outlet, opening the cornice vent and opening all the inner layer ventilation windows;
and (3) a ventilation mode C: the outdoor wind direction is the dominant wind direction, the outdoor wind speed is larger than the wind speed reference value, and the indoor non-air-conditioning area is activated when the air enthalpy value is smaller than the outdoor air enthalpy value; when the mode is activated, closing the ridge air outlet, opening the cornice air vent, opening the windward side inner layer ventilation window and closing the leeward side inner layer ventilation window;
preferably, the relative sizes of the outdoor wind direction, the outdoor wind speed, the indoor air enthalpy value and the outdoor air enthalpy value are judgment parameters, and when the judgment parameters are consistent in continuous 2 steps, namely three times of judgment, a signal is output, so that the output end responds;
the calculation formula of the indoor air enthalpy value and the outdoor air enthalpy value is as follows:
hn＝1.01tn+(2500+1.84tn)dn
hw＝1.01tw+(2500+1.84tw)dw
in the formula hnIs the enthalpy value of outdoor air, hwIs the enthalpy value of outdoor air, and the unit is: kJ/kg dry air;
tnis the temperature of the indoor air, twIs the outdoor air temperature in units of: DEG C;
dnis the moisture content of the indoor air, dwIs the outdoor air moisture content, read from the measured temperature and humidity inputs, respectively, in units of: kg/kg dry air.
The utility model discloses a double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system's of intellectuality beneficial effect:
1. the utility model discloses an intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system utilizes double-deck daylighting roofing, provides natural light source for the big indoor daylighting of deep building of space, effectively reduces artifical illumination energy consumption and working costs.
2. The utility model discloses a double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system of intellectuality can effectively utilize hot pressing effect to ventilate. The outer layer roof lighting glass is high-light-transmission and high-heat-transmission glass, the inner layer lighting glass is high-light-transmission and low-heat-transmission glass, and infrared rays in solar radiation can easily penetrate through the outer layer roof and cannot easily penetrate through the inner layer roof. Therefore, when the inner-layer roof has a good heat insulation effect, air in the ventilation channel is fully heated under the action of solar radiation. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic glass on the outer layer roof can transfer heat to the air on one side of the ventilation channel through the photo-thermal effect, and the hot pressing effect is enhanced. Therefore, the utility model discloses the innovative design of double-deck daylighting roofing for ventilation channel can make full use of solar energy induced hot pressing, and the buoyancy lift driven tactics that arouse the flow by the inside and outside difference in temperature than traditional obtain bigger amount of wind.
3. The utility model discloses a double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system of intellectuality can be under the great condition of outdoor wind speed, and the outdoor wind pressure of make full use of forms the wind of wearing a hall at top ventilation passageway, so can realize the natural draft at building top in summer. And the inner layer ventilation window on the inner layer roof is not limited by external environment conditions, and can be opened under the condition of wind and rain. Through opening windward side inlayer ventilation window, can utilize the entrainment effect of the interior wind of wearing hall of ventilation channel, will gather the waste heat discharge at indoor top. Through the control that the leeward side inlayer ventilation window opened and close, can select whether to introduce indoor with outdoor new trend.
4. The utility model discloses an intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system, when the external climate is comparatively cold, activation heat preservation mode as one deck non-flowing air chamber, absorbs the solar radiation heat accumulation, can strengthen building top heat preservation, is showing the heating energy consumption that reduces the building.
5. The utility model discloses an intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system combines photovoltaic power generation and big space building daylighting top organically, this kind of clean energy of make full use of solar energy. The photovoltaic glass and the lighting glass on the outer layer roof are arranged oppositely, so that indoor light is more uniform, and glare is prevented. The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic glass is stored in the storage battery and can preferentially provide power requirements for other components of the intelligent control mechanism, so that the intelligent control mechanism can be independent of a public power grid, and the power consumption is reduced. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation is also supplied to other requirements of the building for use when the surplus exists.
6. The utility model discloses a double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system of intellectuality provides uncertain factor input signal's such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity control thinking. When the judgment parameters obtained by the input signals are consistent in continuous 2 step lengths, namely three times of judgment, the signals are output, so that the output end responds, and damage caused by the fact that each air port or air window executing mechanism of the system is continuously opened and closed can be prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the intelligent double-layer lighting roof ventilation system of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a partial structure diagram of an outer roof;
FIG. 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the inner roof;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent control mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of dominant wind direction determination;
FIG. 7 is a schematic roof airflow diagram of ventilation mode A;
FIG. 8 is a schematic roof airflow diagram for ventilation mode B;
fig. 9 is a schematic roof airflow diagram for ventilation mode C.
In the figure: 1-outer layer roof, 101-outer layer daylighting glass, 102-photovoltaic glass, 2-inner layer roof, 201-inner layer daylighting glass, 202-inner layer ventilation window, 3-ridge ventilator, 301-ridge air outlet, 4-cornice ventilation opening, 5-ventilation channel, 6-indoor controller, 7-indoor controller, 8-outdoor anemometer, 9-outdoor humiture meter, 10-indoor humiture meter and 11-storage battery.
Detailed Description
The intelligent double-layer lighting roof ventilation system of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the intelligent double-layer lighting roof ventilation system of the embodiment comprises an outer layer roof, an inner layer roof, a ridge ventilator and an intelligent control mechanism, wherein the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof are double-slope roofs, the slope of the outer layer roof is 15-25 degrees, the slope of the inner layer roof is 20-30 degrees, the slope of the inner layer roof is 4-6 degrees larger than that of the outer layer roof, a ventilation channel is arranged between the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof, an eave vent capable of being opened and closed is arranged at an eave of the ventilation channel, and the height difference between an extension line of the outer layer roof and the height difference between the extension line of the inner layer roof at the central axis of the ridge is 0; the vertical section of the ventilation channel is gradually reduced from the cornice ventilation opening to the ridge direction, so that the speed of hot-pressing or wind-pressure airflow is accelerated while the hot-pressing or wind-pressure airflow rises along the ventilation channel, the static pressure is reduced, and the trend that hot air at the top of the room enters the ventilation channel from the inner layer ventilation window is enhanced; the outer layer roof is a partial daylighting roof, and a photovoltaic power generation mechanism is arranged on the outer layer roof; the inner layer roof is a full-area daylighting roof, and openable inner layer ventilation windows are distributed on the inner layer roof.
The roof ridge of the outer roof is provided with a roof ridge ventilator, two sides of the roof ridge ventilator are provided with openable and closable electric rainproof louvered roof ridge air outlets, the height of the roof ridge ventilator is 1/20 of the span of the outer roof and not less than 0.5m, the width of the roof ridge ventilator is twice of the height, and preferably, the top of the roof ridge ventilator is made of colorless sandwich glass; the actuating mechanism adapted motor of ridge air exit, inlayer ventilation window and eaves mouth vent is 24V direct current step motor, as preferred, eaves mouth vent and ridge air exit are electronic rain-proof tripe wind gap.
Referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the outer roof is of a # -shaped metal frame structure, outer lighting glass and photovoltaic glass are uniformly arranged on the metal frame at intervals, for example, the outer lighting glass and the photovoltaic glass are embedded in the sash of the metal frame, and the outer lighting glass is made of glass with high visible light transmission and high total solar energy transmission, and is characterized in that both the visible light transmittance and the total solar energy transmittance are high, for example, laminated glass of 3C +0.38PVB +3C has a visible light transmittance of 0.89 and a total solar energy transmittance of 0.84; the relative size and the arrangement of the outer layer lighting glass and the photovoltaic glass can be adjusted according to the specific engineering requirements on the premise of ensuring the indoor lighting of the building. For example, the daylighting glass and the photovoltaic glass are arranged in a grid or other arrangement. And when the roof has a slope in the north, the arrangement of the photovoltaic glass needs to meet the requirement that the direct sunlight received by the photovoltaic glass closest to the ridge is not shielded by the ridge ventilator when the minimum solar altitude angle is incident in winter solstice.
Referring to fig. 3, the inner roof adopts a groined metal frame structure, for example, the inner lighting glass can be directly bonded on the inner metal frame; inner ventilation windows are distributed on the slope surface of the inner roof; inner layer daylighting glass and inner layer ventilation window glass material are high visible light transmission, Low total transmission glass of solar energy, and its characteristics are for having very big photo-thermal ratio, for example 6Low-E +12A +6C double silver Low-E glass, and its visible light transmittance is 0.68, and total transmission of solar energy is 0.38, through the difference of double-deck roofing selection of materials for most visible light can get into indoorly, satisfy the daylighting demand, and only a small part of solar radiation heat gets into indoorly, gives play to thermal-insulated effect. Meanwhile, most solar radiation heat is remained between the outer layer and the inner layer of the roof and acts on the air in the ventilation channel, so that the hot pressing effect is enhanced.
A group of inner layer ventilation windows are arranged on the inner layer roof every 3m-5m along the inclination direction of the inner layer roof, the distance between the innermost inner layer ventilation window and the ridge of the inner layer roof is 2m-3m, and the distance between the outermost inner layer ventilation window and the cornice of the inner layer roof is 3 m-4 m; the inner layer lighting glass is made of double-silver Low-E glass, an opening hole of the inner layer ventilating window faces a ridge, and an opening angle between the inner layer ventilating window and an inner layer roof is 15-20 degrees.
Referring to fig. 4, the intelligent control mechanism comprises an indoor controller, an outdoor anemoscope, an outdoor humiture instrument, an indoor humiture instrument and a storage battery, wherein the outdoor anemoscope and the outdoor humiture instrument are fixedly arranged at the top of the ridge ventilator, the indoor humiture instrument is arranged in an indoor non-air-conditioning area, and the installation height of the indoor humiture instrument is greater than 1/2 of the net height of the internal space of the building; the input and outdoor anemoscope, outdoor humiture appearance and indoor humiture appearance electric connection of indoor controller, the output of indoor controller and the actuating mechanism electric connection of eaves mouth vent, inlayer ventilation window and ridge air exit, the battery is used for storing the electric energy that photovoltaic power generation mechanism produced, and for indoor controller, outdoor anemoscope, outdoor humiture appearance, indoor humiture appearance and each wind gap or wind window actuating mechanism power supply.
In addition, referring to fig. 5, the working principle of the ventilation system of the present invention is shown: the work of the ventilation system of the utility model is divided into two modes, namely a heat preservation mode and a ventilation mode, and 8 ℃ is used as the reference temperature for the conversion between the heat preservation mode and the ventilation mode, the utility model is not specific to the specific thermotechnical climate subarea, and because the region of China is wide, the reference temperature can be automatically adjusted and set according to the local climate and the building function;
a heat preservation mode: activating when the outdoor average temperature value is lower than 8 ℃ every day for 5 continuous days; when the mode activation keeps warm, close ridge air exit, inlayer ventilation window and eaves mouth vent.
And (3) ventilation mode: the ventilation mode is divided into three cases, namely a ventilation mode A, B, C, in the mode, because in natural ventilation, the wind speed and the wind direction have great uncertainty, twice the average wind speed in summer of the location of the building is used as a wind speed reference value and is used as a threshold value in a ventilation mode control strategy, an included angle between an incoming wind direction and a vertical line of a ridge line is less than or equal to 30 degrees and is used as a main wind direction, the main wind direction is divided into a left main wind direction and a right main wind direction, and other wind directions are non-main wind directions, as shown in fig. 6; wherein
And (3) ventilation mode A: the outdoor wind direction is a non-dominant wind direction or the outdoor wind speed is activated when the outdoor wind speed is less than or equal to a wind speed reference value; when the mode is activated, opening a ridge air outlet, an inner layer ventilation window and a cornice ventilation opening;
and (3) ventilation mode B: the outdoor wind direction is the dominant wind direction, the outdoor wind speed is greater than the wind speed reference value, and the indoor non-air-conditioning area air enthalpy value is activated when being greater than the outdoor air enthalpy value; when the mode is activated, closing the ridge air outlet, opening the cornice vent and opening all the inner layer ventilation windows;
and (3) a ventilation mode C: the outdoor wind direction is the dominant wind direction, the outdoor wind speed is larger than the wind speed reference value, and the indoor non-air-conditioning area is activated when the air enthalpy value is smaller than the outdoor air enthalpy value; when the mode is activated, closing the ridge air outlet, opening the cornice air vent, opening the windward side inner layer ventilation window and closing the leeward side inner layer ventilation window;
in this embodiment, the outdoor wind direction, the outdoor wind speed, the relative size of the indoor air enthalpy value and the outdoor air enthalpy value are determination parameters, for example, the indoor controller collects data every 1min to make a determination, that is, the determination time step is 1min, when the determination parameters are consistent in 2 continuous steps, that is, three determinations, a signal is output, so that the output end responds, for example, the outdoor wind speed is greater than the reference value in three continuous determinations, that is, the outdoor wind speed is considered to be greater, and the signal is output;
the calculation formula of the indoor air enthalpy value and the outdoor air enthalpy value is as follows:
hn＝1.01tn+(2500+1.84tn)dn
hw＝1.01tw+(2500+1.84tw)dw
in the formula hnIs the enthalpy value of outdoor air, hwIs the enthalpy value of outdoor air, and the unit is: kJ/kg dry air;
tnis the temperature of the indoor air, twIs the outdoor air temperature in units of: DEG C;
dnis the moisture content of the indoor air, dwIs the outdoor air moisture content, read from the measured temperature and humidity inputs, respectively, in units of: kg/kg dry air.
The utility model discloses in, there are six parameters of outdoor wind speed, outdoor wind direction, outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, indoor temperature, indoor humidity in the input of indoor controller, and indoor, outer enthalpy is calculated by indoor outer temperature and humidity and is reachd, in addition, the utility model discloses in, microenvironment multiple factor is all right around local wind environment, building self form, the building the utility model discloses a wind speed reference value is influential. Therefore, it is suggested that a more appropriate wind speed reference value is derived by field actual measurement or CFD wind environment simulation after completion, and the setting is changed.
The following further analysis is made on the action principle of the ventilation pattern A, B, C of the present invention:
and (3) ventilation mode A:
when the sky solar radiation is strong, the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof are heated under the solar radiation, and the air in the ventilation channel is heated. Under the effect of hot pressing, outdoor low-temperature air enters the ventilation channel through the cornice ventilation openings and rises upwards. Because the outer roofing is exposed to solar radiation, the photovoltaic glass also has a certain photothermal effect, the inner side of the outer roofing is hotter, the cross section of the ventilation channel along the airflow direction is reduced, the hot-pressing airflow speed is increased, and negative pressure is formed in the inner side area of the ventilation channel close to the outer roofing.
Meanwhile, the inner roof is irradiated by the sun, and the air close to the inner side of the building space is heated and tends to flow upwards. Under the drive of the negative pressure of the ventilation channel, heated air on the inner side of the inner layer roof flows into the ventilation channel through the inner layer ventilation window, and rises together with air flow in the channel, and is finally discharged outdoors through the ridge air outlet. In the whole process, the air hot-pressing effect in the ventilation channel and the hot-pressing effect of the inner layer ventilation window play a mutual promotion role, and the airflow organization is shown in fig. 7.
And (3) ventilation mode B:
when the external wind speed is higher, the outdoor wind pressure forms cross wind between the ventilation channels. At this time, the ridge air outlet is closed, and the cornice vent of the ventilation channel is opened, taking the right main ventilation as an example. Under the effect of wind pressure, outdoor air flows to left side ventilation passageway with the form of cross-ventilation from right side ventilation passageway, and meanwhile, when outside air passed through right side ventilation passageway, the hot-air in right side inlayer roofing below can be through the roll-up suction of right side inlayer ventilation window and come out, takes away indoor top waste heat.
When the enthalpy of indoor air is greater than that of outdoor air, i.e. hn≥hwA portion of the outdoor air may be introduced into the room to improve the indoor air quality. At this time, the inner ventilation window on the left side of the inner roof is opened. When the air flow in the ventilation channel passes through the left ventilation channel, a part of air enters the indoor space through the left inner layer ventilation window. The airflow pattern is shown in fig. 8.
And (3) a ventilation mode C:
at this time, the ridge air outlet needs to be closed, and cornice vents at two ends of the ventilation channel are opened, and the right main ventilation is still taken as an example. Under the effect of wind pressure, the air flows to left side ventilation channel from right side ventilation channel with the form of cross-ventilation, and meanwhile, when outside air passes through right side ventilation channel, the hot-air in right side inlayer roofing below can be through the roll-up of right side inlayer ventilation window and absorb out.
When the enthalpy of indoor air is less than that of outdoor air, i.e. hn＜hwWhen the air is used, the outside air is not expected to flow backwards into the room. When the air current passes through left side ventilation passageway, because left side inlayer ventilation window is closed, then the air current directly discharges to outdoor through ventilation passageway left side eaves mouth vent. The airflow pattern is shown in fig. 9.
Sunny insolation and windy rains are two common days in summer. In the utility model, sunny insolation is beneficial to the natural ventilation of hot pressing under the drive of the sun, and the stronger the solar radiation, the stronger the hot pressing effect, the more beneficial the heat discharge of the indoor top; and the wind speed during wind blowing and rain falling exceeds the wind speed reference value, the heat of the indoor top can be taken away by utilizing the effect of cross wind, and the sultriness is relieved.
At present, many cities all have ventilation corridor's corresponding planning, and the building that works as is located in the ventilation corridor at the planning, can prior use the utility model discloses carry out the top design. In the building design, the maximum wind direction in summer is considered when the orientation of the lighting roof is determined, and the ridge line direction is preferably 60-90 degrees to the maximum wind direction in summer. In addition, the ventilation opening is combined with the surrounding environment to avoid shielding of buildings, vegetation, parapet walls, cornices and the like.
The following is illustrated with reference to specific examples:
taking a certain city in China as an example, the average wind speed in summer of the city is 2.2m/s, and 4.4m/s is taken as a wind speed reference value.
A heat preservation mode: and (4) continuously for 5 days, the average outdoor temperature is below 8 ℃ every day, namely, the ventilation mode is switched to the heat preservation mode, and all air windows and air ports are closed. Make the roofing cover one deck air chamber, receive solar radiation effect winter, the air lasts to be heated in the ventilation passageway, forms a hot-air chamber and covers on the roofing, plays heat retaining effect to the building space. In addition, the photovoltaic glass on the outer layer roof receives solar radiation to generate a photoelectric effect, and simultaneously transfers heat to the air of the ventilation channel, so that the heat preservation effect is promoted.
And (3) ventilation mode: the outdoor average temperature is not less than 8 ℃ every day for 5 continuous days, namely the mode is switched from the heat preservation mode to the ventilation mode.
And (3) ventilation mode A: and when the outdoor wind speed is less than 4.4m/s or the wind direction is a non-dominant wind direction, opening all the wind windows and the wind ports.
And (3) ventilation mode B: when the outdoor wind direction is more than 4.4m/s, the incoming wind direction is the dominant wind direction, and the indoor enthalpy is more than the outdoor enthalpy, the ridge air outlet is closed, the cornice air outlet at the end part of the ventilation channel is opened, and the inner layer ventilation windows at the left side and the right side of the inner layer roof are opened simultaneously.
And (3) a ventilation mode C: when the outdoor wind direction is larger than 4.4m/s, the incoming wind direction is the dominant wind direction, and the indoor enthalpy value is smaller than the outdoor enthalpy value, the ridge ventilation outlet is closed, the cornice ventilation opening at the end part of the ventilation channel is opened, whether the dominant wind direction is the left dominant wind direction or the right dominant wind direction is judged, and if the dominant wind direction is the right dominant wind direction, the inner layer ventilation window at the right side of the inner layer roof is opened, and the inner layer ventilation window at the left side of the inner layer roof is closed.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like in the description and in the claims of this application do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, however, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the specific embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and various combinations of the technical features and structures of the present invention may be implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system which characterized in that: comprises that
The outer layer roof and the inner layer roof are provided with a ventilation channel, and an eave vent capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the eave of the ventilation channel; the outer layer roof is a partial daylighting roof, and a photovoltaic power generation mechanism is arranged on the outer layer roof; the inner roof is a full-area daylighting roof, and openable inner ventilation windows are distributed on the inner roof;
the roof ridge ventilator is arranged at the roof ridge of the outer layer roof, and both sides of the roof ridge ventilator are provided with roof ridge air outlets which can be opened and closed;
the intelligent control mechanism comprises an indoor controller, an outdoor anemoscope, an outdoor humiture instrument, an indoor humiture instrument and a storage battery, wherein the outdoor anemoscope and the outdoor humiture instrument are fixedly arranged at the top of the ridge ventilator; the input and outdoor anemoscope, outdoor humiture appearance and indoor humiture appearance electric connection of indoor controller, the output of indoor controller and the actuating mechanism electric connection of eaves mouth vent, inlayer ventilation window and ridge air exit, the battery is used for storing the electric energy that photovoltaic power generation mechanism produced, and for the actuating mechanism power supply of indoor controller, outdoor anemoscope, outdoor humiture appearance, indoor humiture appearance and eaves mouth vent, inlayer ventilation window, ridge air exit.
2. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of claim 1, wherein: the outer layer roof adopts a # -shaped metal frame structure, and outer layer lighting glass and photovoltaic glass are uniformly arranged on the metal frame at intervals.
3. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of claim 1, wherein: the inner roof adopts a groined metal frame structure, and inner lighting glass is arranged on the metal frame; and inner ventilation windows are distributed on the slope surface of the inner roof.
4. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of claim 3, wherein: a group of inner layer ventilation windows are arranged on the inner layer roof every 3m-5m along the inclination direction of the inner layer roof, the distance between the innermost inner layer ventilation window and the ridge of the inner layer roof is 2m-3m, and the distance between the outermost inner layer ventilation window and the cornice of the inner layer roof is 3 m-4 m; the opening hole of the inner layer ventilation window faces the ridge, and the opening angle between the inner layer ventilation window and the inner layer roof is 15-20 degrees.
5. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of claim 1, wherein: the outer layer roof and the inner layer roof are both double-slope roofs, the slope of the outer layer roof is 15-25 degrees, the slope of the inner layer roof is 20-30 degrees, and the slope of the inner layer roof is 4-6 degrees larger than that of the outer layer roof.
6. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of claim 1, wherein: the height difference between the outer layer roof extension line and the inner layer roof at the central axis of the ridge is 0.3-0.5 m; the vertical section of the ventilation channel is gradually reduced from the cornice ventilation opening to the ridge direction.
7. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of claim 1, wherein: the indoor temperature and humidity instrument is arranged in an indoor non-air-conditioning area, and the installation height of the indoor temperature and humidity instrument is greater than 1/2 of the net height of the internal space of the building.
8. The intelligent double-deck lighting roof ventilation system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the height of the ridge ventilator is 1/20 of the outer roof span and is not less than 0.5m, and the width of the ridge ventilator is twice of the height.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921162359.3U CN210220147U (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921162359.3U CN210220147U (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2019-07-23 | Intelligent double-deck daylighting roofing ventilation system |
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| CN210220147U true CN210220147U (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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