CN210139628U - A melt and mix device for granular material 3D prints - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a melt and mix device for granular material 3D prints, including asymmetric case (31) of changeing and lay in heating pipe (32), rotation axis (33), support piece (36) in asymmetric case (31) periphery and do asymmetric case (31) provides motor (37) of kinetic energy. The utility model provides a melt-mixing device has realized the mixture of solid phase material and liquid phase material through asymmetric commentaries on classics case, and rethread heating pipe has realized the heating to asymmetric commentaries on classics case, has realized melting of solid phase material and liquid phase material and has mixed.

Description

A melt and mix device for granular material 3D prints

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a melt and mix device for granular material 3D prints.

Background

The 3D printing technology is present in the mid-90 s of the 20 th century and is actually the latest rapid prototyping device using technologies such as photocuring and paper lamination. The printing machine is basically the same as the common printing working principle, the printing machine is filled with liquid or powder and other printing materials, the printing materials are overlapped layer by layer under the control of a computer after being connected with the computer, and finally, a blueprint on the computer is changed into a real object.

The principle of the 3D printing technology is basically the same as the working principle of a common printer, only the printing materials are different, the printing materials of the common printer are ink and paper, the 3D printer is internally provided with different printing materials such as metal, ceramic, plastic, sand and the like, the printing materials are actual raw materials, after the printer is connected with a computer, the printing materials can be overlapped layer by layer through the control of the computer, and finally, a blueprint on the computer is changed into an actual object. The 3D printing process comprises three steps of three-dimensional design, slicing processing and printing completion, and is mainly applied to naval vessels, aerospace technology, medical fields and the like.

The 3D printing forming technology is applied to the granular material, has a good improving effect on a granular material forming process, and has the advantages of being fast in forming, high in precision and capable of forming a complex product structure. When 3D printing is carried out by utilizing the particle material, the particle material and a liquid phase material need to be mixed to form a mixed-dissolved state, so that printing is convenient, and a solid phase and liquid phase material melting and mixing device for carrying out 3D printing on the particle material does not exist at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a can melt the melting that is used for granular material 3D to print and mix the device to solid phase and liquid phase material.

The melting and mixing device comprises an asymmetric rotating box, a heating pipe, a rotating shaft, a supporting piece and a motor, wherein the heating pipe, the rotating shaft, the supporting piece and the motor are laid on the periphery of the asymmetric rotating box; the asymmetric rotary box comprises a heating port, an air inlet, a gear, a bearing, a feeding port and a discharging port, the heating port and the air inlet are respectively communicated with the heating pipe, and the feeding port and the discharging port are respectively communicated with the asymmetric rotary box; the asymmetric rotary box and the motor are mounted on the support member, and the rotary shaft is supported at the bottom of the support member.

The utility model provides a melt-mixing device has realized the mixture of solid phase material and liquid phase material through asymmetric commentaries on classics case, and rethread heating pipe has realized the heating to asymmetric commentaries on classics case, has realized melting of solid phase material and liquid phase material and has mixed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a melting and mixing device provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a system diagram of a 3D printing system provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the printer body according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an XYZ three-axis platform provided by the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a Z-direction movement mechanism provided by the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the X-direction movement mechanism provided by the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a Y-direction operating mechanism provided by the present invention;

fig. 8 is one of schematic structural diagrams of the printing nozzle provided by the present invention;

fig. 9 is a second schematic structural view of the print head according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is one of schematic structural diagrams of the printing head with infrared LED according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is a second schematic structural view of the printing head with infrared LED according to the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a heating device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the inert gas introduced into the forming box by the high-pressure inert gas device according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-an upper computer, 2-a printer body, 3-a melt mixing device, 4-an auxiliary device, 5-a controller, 6-an infrared LED group, 7-a slide rail, 8-a screw, 9-a pipeline, 10-a throttle reducing valve, 11-a pressure sensor, 12-a leakage valve, 21-XYZ three-axis platform, 22-a printing nozzle, 23-a forming box, 24-a tray, 25-a nozzle supporting rod, 26-a tray supporting rod, 211-an upper supporting frame, 212-a lower supporting frame, 213-a Z-direction transmission rod, 214-a Z-direction motor, 215-a synchronous belt, 216-a front X-direction base, 217-a rear X-direction base, 218-a Y-direction base, 219-an X-direction motor, 220-an X-direction synchronous belt, 221-a first fixing piece, 222-Y motor, 223-Y synchronous belt, 224-second fixed connection piece, 225-Z guide rod, 226-left slide rail, 227-right slide rail, 228-left slide block, 229-right slide block, 231-temperature control chamber, 232-transmission chamber, 2311-heat insulation plate, 31-asymmetric rotary box, 32-heating pipe, 33-rotating shaft, 34-rotating joint, 35-installation base, 36-support rod, 37-motor, 311-heating port, 312-air inlet, 313-gear, 314-bearing, 315-inlet, 316-outlet, 411-liquid medium box, 412-first ball valve, 413-liquid level liquid thermometer, 414-air filter, 415-second ball valve, 416-driving motor, 417 pump, 418 hose, 419 safety valve, 420 filter, 421 one-way valve, 422 accumulator, 423 temperature sensor, 424 shock-proof pressure gauge, 425 radiator.

Detailed Description

The claimed invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The technical scheme that the utility model claims is a melting and mixing device for 3D printing of granular materials, the structure is shown in figure 1, including asymmetric rotating box 31, and lay heating pipe 32, rotation axis 33, support piece 36 and the motor 37 that provides kinetic energy for asymmetric rotating box 31 on asymmetric rotating box 31 periphery; the asymmetric rotary box 31 comprises a rotary joint 34, the rotary joint 34 is provided with a heating port 311 and an air inlet 312, and the asymmetric rotary box 31 further comprises a gear 313, a bearing 314, a feeding port 315 and a discharging port 316.

The heating port 311 and the air inlet 312 are respectively communicated with the heating pipe 32, and the feeding port 315 and the discharging port 316 are respectively communicated with the asymmetric rotating box 31; the asymmetric rotation box 31 and the motor 37 are mounted on a support 36, and the rotation shaft 33 is supported at the bottom center of the support 36.

The heating liquid flows into the heating pipe 32 wound on the surface of the rotary box through the heating port 311 on the rotary joint 34 to heat the rotary box; further, the outer periphery of the heating pipe 32 is covered with heat insulation. The rotary shaft 33 is mounted on the mounting base 35 through a rotary shaft support.

The utility model provides a melt-mixing device can be used for constituting 3D printing system, provides a 3D printing system who constitutes by it here, and its systematic diagram is shown as figure 2, included:

the upper computer 1 is used for man-machine interaction operation;

the printer body 2 is used for printing and molding;

the melting and mixing device 3 is used for melting and mixing raw materials and propelling the slurry;

the auxiliary device 4 is used for providing high-temperature heating, normal-temperature heat preservation, high-pressure air and vacuum environment for the printer body 1 and the melt mixing device 3; and

and the controller 5 is used for receiving the instruction of the upper computer 1 and controlling the printer body 2, the melt mixing device 3 and the auxiliary device 4 to act. Valves are arranged between the melting and mixing device 3 and the auxiliary device 4 and the printer body 2.

Wherein the melting and mixing device 3 is the utility model provides a melting and mixing device.

The utility model provides an among the printing system, in order to realize printing the precision of in-process and print, the utility model discloses the printer body 2 that adopts includes XYZ three-axis platform 21, prints shower nozzle 22, shaping case 23 and is used for supporting the fashioned tray 24 of product, XYZ three-axis platform 21 installs in shaping case 22, prints shower nozzle 22 and installs on XYZ three-axis platform 21 through shower nozzle bracing piece 25, and tray 24 passes through tray bracing piece 26 to be installed on XYZ three-axis platform 21, and XYZ three-axis platform 21 drives and prints shower nozzle 22 and tray 24 motion, as shown in figure 3, figure 4.

The three-axis platform realizes the precise motion in three directions of XYZ, and the XYZ three-axis platform 21 controls the printing nozzle 22 to move precisely to spray under the control of the upper computer and the controller, so that the precise motion can be realized by only controlling the printing nozzle 22 to move in the three directions of XYZ, and the precise motion in the three directions of XYZ can also be realized by the composite motion of the printing nozzle and the tray. The utility model discloses what adopt here is that print shower nozzle and tray combined motion realize the accurate motion of XYZ three direction, and motion mode between them can be multiple, as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 arrangement of movements in XYZ three directions

Serial number	Tray motion	Movement of printing head	Remarks for note
				Scheme one	In the Z direction	In the XY direction	This scheme adopts
Scheme two	In the XY direction	In the Z direction
				Scheme three	In the X direction	In Yz direction

The present invention is described here with a first case as an example of a control principle, that is, the z-direction movement is completed by the tray 24, and the XY-direction movement is completed by the print head 22, and the specific structure is as shown in fig. 4 to 7:

the XYZ three-axis platform comprises a Z-direction movement mechanism, an X-direction movement mechanism and a Y-direction movement mechanism, wherein the Z-direction movement mechanism comprises an upper support frame 211, a lower support frame 212, a Z-direction movement rod 213 and a Z-direction motor 214; the two ends of the Z-direction moving rod 213 are respectively mounted on the upper support frame 211 and the lower support frame 212, the tray 24 is mounted on the Z-direction moving rod 213 through the tray support rod 26, the output end of the Z-direction motor 214 drives the Z-direction moving rod 213 to rotate through the synchronous belt 216, and the tray support rod 26 moves up and down under the driving of the Z-direction moving rod 213 to realize the movement in the Z-direction;

the X-direction movement mechanism comprises a front X-direction base 216, a rear X-direction base 217, a Y-direction base 218, an X-direction motor 219 and an X-direction synchronous belt 220; the X-direction synchronous belt 220 spans between the front X-direction base 216 and the rear X-direction base 217, the Y-direction base 218 is mounted on the X-direction synchronous belt 220 through a first fixing piece 221, and the X-direction motor 219 drives the X-direction synchronous belt 220 to move along the X direction; the print head 22 is mounted on the Y-direction base 218 through the head support rod 25, so that the print head 22 moves in the X direction;

the Y-direction running mechanism comprises a Y-direction motor 222 and a Y-direction synchronous belt 223, the nozzle support rod 25 is mounted on the Y-direction synchronous belt 223 through a second fixed connection piece 224, and the Y-direction motor 222 drives the Y-direction synchronous belt 223 to move along the Y direction, so that the movement of the printing nozzle 22 in the Y direction is realized.

In order to realize precise limit and ensure the precision of printing, the Z-direction running mechanism further comprises Z-direction guide rods 225 which are arranged on the upper support frame 211 and the lower support frame 212 at two ends and are positioned at two sides of the Z-direction moving rod 213, and the tray 24 is in sliding connection with the Z-direction guide rods 225. The synchronous belt 215 is driven by the Z-direction motor 214 to perform circular motion, so as to drive the tray 24 to move up and down, and the tray 24 realizes precise spacing in the Z direction through the Z-direction guide rod 225.

The X-direction movement mechanism further comprises a left slide rail 226, a right slide rail 227, a left slide block 228 matched with the left slide rail 226 and a right slide block 229 matched with the right slide rail 227; the two ends of the left slide rail 226 and the right slide rail 227 are respectively connected with the front X-direction base 216 and the rear X-direction base 2217, and the left slider 228 and the right slider 229 are respectively slidably mounted on the left slide rail 226 and the right slide rail 227; the top surface of the left slider 228 and the top surface of the right slider 229 are connected to the Y-direction base 218, respectively. The X-direction synchronous belt 220 is driven by the X-direction motor to circularly move along the X-direction, and the Y-direction base 218 is driven by the X-direction synchronous belt 220 to circularly move along the X-direction, so that the left slider 228 and the right slider 229 are driven to circularly move along the X-direction at the same time, and precise limiting in the X-direction is realized through the left slider 226, the right slider 227, the left slider 228 and the right slider 229.

The forming box 23 in the printer body 2 is a fusion-cast forming place and comprises a temperature control chamber 231 and a transmission chamber 232, the temperature control chamber 231 and the transmission chamber 232 are separated by a heat insulation plate, two gaps are arranged on the heat insulation plate, one gap is used for the nozzle supporting rod 25, and the other gap is used for the tray supporting rod 26; the XYZ three-axis platform 21 is arranged in the transmission chamber 232, and the printing nozzle 22 and the tray 24 are respectively positioned in the temperature control chamber 231 through the nozzle support rod 25 and the tray support rod 26; the shell of the forming box 23 is sealed by the heat insulation plate, and the inside of the forming box 23 is ensured to be in a negative pressure or positive pressure environment.

A heating pipeline is arranged in a temperature control chamber 231 in the forming box 23, and a heat insulation pipeline is arranged in a transmission chamber 232; the forming box 23 is provided with a heating pipe interface communicated with a heating pipeline, a heat preservation pipe interface communicated with the heat preservation pipeline, a fusion casting material interface communicated with the fusion mixing device, a vacuumizing interface, a high-pressure inert gas interface and a power supply interface for providing power supply for the XYZ three-axis platform 21; the fused cast material interface also communicates with the print head 22. The heating liquid provided by the auxiliary device is introduced into the heating pipeline through the heating pipe interface, the heat preservation liquid provided by the auxiliary device is introduced into the heat preservation pipeline through the heat preservation pipe interface, and the auxiliary device is also connected with the vacuumizing interface and the high-pressure inert gas interface to vacuumize and fill the forming box 23 with inert gas to form positive pressure or negative pressure.

In order to ensure that the mixed liquid introduced into the printing nozzle 22 by the melting and mixing device 3 is in a fluid state, a heating pipeline and a heat preservation pipeline are also laid on the periphery of the printing nozzle 22. In order to better ensure the sealing performance of the forming box, sealing rings are arranged at the heating pipe interface, the heat preservation pipe interface, the casting material interface, the vacuumizing interface, the high-pressure inert gas interface and the power interface which are arranged on the forming box 23 for sealing.

The structure of the printing nozzles 22 in the printer body 2 of the present invention is shown in fig. 8 and 9, and two nozzles are used, one nozzle prints the molten material provided by the melt-mixing device, and the other nozzle prints the interlayer connecting agent, as shown in fig. 8; the two spray heads have independent heating pipelines and heat preservation pipelines, as shown in figure 9. Of course, the nozzle can be designed into one or more than one nozzle according to the requirements of the forming process, and the diameter of the spray hole is changed between phi 1mm and phi 5 mm.

Furthermore, the utility model discloses printing shower nozzle 22 among the printer body 2 can also adopt the shower nozzle of taking infrared LED, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, increases an infrared LED group 6 on the basis of printing shower nozzle 22, and infrared LED group 6 is installed in printing shower nozzle 22 other through slide rail 7, can adjust the distance of printing between shower nozzle 22 and the infrared LED group 6 through slide rail 7, fixes a position with the screw 8 screw up after the distance adjustment is accomplished.

Adopt the utility model provides a melt and mix device 3 is as follows to the concrete step that solid phase particle and liquid phase material mix the solution:

1) opening a feeding valve, allowing solid-phase particles and liquid-phase materials mixed according to a specified proportion to enter a melting and mixing device, wherein the feeding valve is respectively arranged between the melting and mixing device and a raw material storage tank, and the amount of the raw materials entering the melting and mixing device can be accurately controlled through the control of the valve;

2) heating liquid is introduced into the heating pipe to increase the temperature of the inner cavity of the melt-mixing device;

3) when the internal temperature of the melt-mixing device gradually rises and approaches to the melting temperature, the air inlet is communicated with negative pressure to vacuumize the melt-mixing device;

4) the motor starts to work to drive the rotary box to operate, and the slurry is mixed;

5) stirring the medicine slurry for a period of time, uniformly mixing, continuously introducing heating liquid to keep the temperature of an inner chamber of the melt-mixing device to prevent the medicine slurry from solidifying, and reducing the rotating speed of a motor to prevent solid-phase particles in the medicine slurry from depositing; so far, the medicine slurry is mixed completely.

The utility model discloses heating liquid, heat preservation liquid, vacuum extraction and positive negative pressure among printer body 2, the melt-mixing device among the 3D printing system form and realize through auxiliary device 4, and this auxiliary device 4 has included the heating device who is used for producing heating medium, the heat preservation device who is used for producing heat preservation medium, is used for extracting vacuous evacuating device and is used for providing gas and makes printer body 2 and melt-mixing device 4 form the high-pressure inert gas device of positive negative pressure.

In order to guarantee the security of system, the utility model discloses a mobile medium heats and keeps warm, and heating commonly used, heat preservation medium have oil or water, because water easily forms the incrustation scale and corrodes the pipeline, so the utility model discloses adopt the oil medium to carry out heat-conduction here. The utility model provides a heating device's structure figure 12 is shown, including liquid medium case 411, first ball valve 412, liquid level liquid temperature meter 413, air cleaner 414, second ball valve 415, driving motor 416, pump 417, hose 418, relief valve 419, filter 420, check valve 421, energy storage ware 422, temperature sensor 423, shock-resistant manometer 424 and radiator 425. The liquid medium tank 411 may be a specific container selected according to the heating medium, for example, oil is selected as the heating medium, the liquid medium tank 411 may be a stainless steel oil tank, and the corresponding pump 417 is an oil pump.

The heat preservation device in the auxiliary device is used for ensuring that a servo motor and electronic elements in the transmission chamber can work normally, the environmental temperature of the transmission chamber needs to be adjusted, a feasible mode is to cool by adopting a fluid oil medium, and a schematic diagram of the heat preservation device is the same as that of a heating device.

The inert gas generated by the high-pressure inert gas device is introduced into the forming box 23 through the pipeline 9, so that positive pressure or negative pressure is formed in the forming box 23. The pipeline is provided with a throttle pressure reducing valve 10, and the on-off of the throttle pressure reducing valve is controlled by a controller. In order to monitor the pressure and ensure that the pressure in the forming box 23 is within the safe range, the utility model discloses install pressure sensor 11 and leak valve 12 through pipeline 8 and forming box 23 intercommunication on the pipeline, as shown in fig. 13, pressure sensor 11 measures the pressure in forming box 23 in real time, and transmit the pressure value measured to the controller, when pressure is not enough, the controller opens choke valve 10 and pressurizes forming box 23, stops inflating when reaching the set pressure; if the pressure is detected to be too high or the high-pressure gas in the forming box 23 needs to be exhausted, the controller controls the leakage valve 12 to be opened to exhaust the gas, so that the pressure in the forming box 23 is ensured to be in a safe range.

The vacuumizing device enables the product to be solidified and formed in a vacuum environment, and the stability of the product is guaranteed.

The described Z-direction transmission rod is of a screw nut structure, the tray 24 forms a cantilever structure through the tray support rod 26, the root part of the tray is assembled with the nut, and the Z-direction motor drives the synchronous belt 215 to rotate circularly, so that the nut is driven to move up and down on the screw, and the tray 24 moves up and down.

The utility model provides a high-pressure inert gas device among the auxiliary device can adopt any one kind of device that can produce inert gas that has now, like high-pressure nitrogen cylinder.

In addition, the bottom of the temperature control chamber 231 of the forming box 23 of the present invention is provided with a heat insulation board 2311, which is located below the tray 24, as shown in fig. 2.

The utility model provides a 3D printing system's concrete printing step as follows:

step 1: an operator calls three-dimensional modeling software in the upper computer to model the preprinted model to form an STL data file;

step 2: an operator calls slicing software in the upper computer to slice the geometric model to generate a G-code capable of guiding printing;

and step 3: printing preparation work, wherein an operator powers on the controller, the printer body, the melt mixing device and the auxiliary device, a G-code model is downloaded to the controller through main control software on the upper computer, and the controller controls the starting of the auxiliary device;

and 4, step 4: an operator adds the raw materials into the melting and mixing device, and the controller controls the melting and mixing device to start working to prepare slurry;

and 5: after the preparation of the slurry is finished, preparing the temperature of the forming box to the process set temperature;

step 6: the controller controls the printer body to start printing according to the instruction of the G-code;

and 7: after the printer body prints a layer of medicinal slurry, distributing an interlayer connecting agent on the printer body;

and 8: the controller prints the next layer according to the G-code;

and step 9: repeating the actions from the step 6 to the step 8 until the whole model is printed;

step 10: solidifying the model to be printed;

step 11: and after printing is finished, releasing the pressure of each device and powering off the devices.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention are all covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A melt-mixing device for 3D printing of particulate materials, characterized in that: the device comprises an asymmetric rotating box (31), a heating pipe (32) laid on the periphery of the asymmetric rotating box (31), a rotating shaft (33), a supporting piece (36) and a motor (37) for providing kinetic energy for the asymmetric rotating box (31); the asymmetric rotary box (31) comprises a heating port (311), an air inlet (312), a gear (313), a bearing (314), a feeding port (315) and a discharging port (316), the heating port (311) and the air inlet (312) are respectively communicated with the heating pipe (32), and the feeding port (315) and the discharging port (316) are respectively communicated with the asymmetric rotary box (31); the asymmetric rotary box (31) and the motor (37) are arranged on the supporting piece (36), and the rotating shaft (33) is supported at the bottom of the supporting piece (36).

2. The melt-mixing apparatus for 3D printing of particulate material according to claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the heating pipe (32) is coated with a heat-insulating layer.

3. The melt-mixing apparatus for 3D printing of particulate material according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary shaft support is characterized by further comprising a mounting base (35), and the rotary shaft (33) is mounted on the mounting base (35) through a rotary shaft support.

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