CN210119698U - Planting density speed-following synchronous control system of sugarcane planter - Google Patents
Planting density speed-following synchronous control system of sugarcane planter Download PDFInfo
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- CN210119698U CN210119698U CN201921211245.3U CN201921211245U CN210119698U CN 210119698 U CN210119698 U CN 210119698U CN 201921211245 U CN201921211245 U CN 201921211245U CN 210119698 U CN210119698 U CN 210119698U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a sugarcane planter planting density is along with fast synchronous control system, including hydraulic drive system and electrical control system, hydraulic drive system includes proportional control valve and driving motor, driving motor is used for driving sugarcane kind conveyor of sugarcane planter, proportional control valve connects on the way of driving motor, proportional control valve is automatically controlled proportional control valve; the electric control system comprises a proportional valve driver, a DA module, a programmable controller, a walking speed measuring device, a driving motor speed measuring sensor and a human-computer interface, wherein the walking speed measuring device comprises an inductive proximity sensor installed on a tractor and a plurality of protruding metal strips installed on a walking transmission shaft of the tractor. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that can realize sugarcane planter and send mechanism conveying speed and the tractor walking speed synchro variation who pulls the planter, guarantee that sugarcane planting density is even, be favorable to promoting sugarcane planting operation mechanization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an agricultural engineering automatic control field specifically is a sugarcane planter planting density is along with fast synchronous control system.
Background
The seed sowing device of the pre-seed cutting type sugarcane planter, which is dragged and driven by a tractor, is usually a continuous motion seed conveying mechanism, can continuously convey sugarcane seeds (segments) in a sugarcane seed box out and throw the sugarcane seeds into a seed discharging groove when the mechanism rotates, and can fall into a planting ditch under the guiding action of the seed discharging groove, and other procedures such as fertilization, soil covering, film covering and the like are used for completing sugarcane planting operation. Because the walking speed of the tractor for the traction planter on the sugarcane planting field changes along with different working conditions and gears, the seed feeding mechanism is usually driven by a power output shaft or hydraulic pressure of the tractor, the movement speed of the seed feeding mechanism and the walking speed of the tractor for the traction planter cannot be synchronous, or the seed feeding speed needs to be changed through manual operation, the seed feeding speed cannot be ensured to be synchronous with the change of the speed of the tractor, and the planting density is low when the tractor is high in speed and high when the walking speed is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is for hanging and drawing by the tractor, the formula planter that surely plants in advance that adopts tractor hydraulic output drive to send mechanism provides one kind and send kind of speed along with tractor walking speed automatically regulated's synchronous control system, realizes sending mechanism conveying speed and tractor walking speed synchro variation, guarantees that planting density is even, can predetermine sending mechanism conveying speed according to the lower density of different sugarcane varieties and agronomy requirement moreover, realizes the organic integration of agricultural machinery agronomy.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a sugarcane planter planting density is along with fast synchronous control system includes hydraulic drive system and electrical control system, hydraulic drive system includes proportional control valve and driving motor, driving motor is used for driving sugarcane kind conveyor of sugarcane planter, the proportional control valve is connected on the way of driving motor, the proportional control valve is automatically controlled proportional control valve; the electric control system comprises a proportional valve driver, a DA module, a programmable controller, a walking speed measuring device, a driving motor speed measuring sensor and a human-computer interface, wherein the proportional valve driver is connected with a wiring port of a proportional control valve coil through an electric control cable, the DA module is connected with the proportional valve driver, the programmable controller is connected with the DA module, the programmable controller is simultaneously connected with the walking speed measuring device and the driving motor speed measuring sensor, the programmable controller is connected with the human-computer interface in a serial port communication mode, the walking speed measuring device comprises an inductive proximity sensor arranged on a tractor and a plurality of convex metal strips arranged on a walking transmission shaft of the tractor, the convex metal strips are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the walking transmission shaft of the tractor and are tied up and fixed by metal hoops, and the inductive proximity sensor generates the pulse number through sensing the convex metal strips to obtain the rotating speed of the walking transmission shaft, the walking speed of the tractor is obtained through conversion, so that the gap between the detection end of the inductive proximity sensor and the protruding metal strip is 5-10 mm, the gap is too small, the touch damage is easily caused due to the shaking of the walking transmission shaft of the tractor, the gap is too large, and the induction failure is easily caused.
The sugarcane planter provided with the utility model is dragged and driven by a tractor, the tractor is connected with the planter through a suspension device, a hydraulic output pipeline of the tractor is connected with a hydraulic input pipeline of the sugarcane planter, a proportional control valve is connected on a bypass of a driving motor, a proportional valve driver of an electric control system adjusts the opening degree of a valve core of the proportional valve by changing the current supplied to a coil of the proportional control valve, thereby changing the flow rate of hydraulic oil of the bypass by changing the flow rate of the throttle opening degree of the proportional control valve, because the flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied by the hydraulic system is constant, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied to the driving motor is also changed, the speed regulation of the driving motor is realized, when the throttle opening degree of the proportional control valve is large, the flow rate flowing back to a tank through the proportional control valve is large, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied to the driving motor, i.e. the drive motor speed is inversely proportional to the bypass flow of the proportional control valve. The walking speed measuring device is arranged on a tractor for drawing the planter and used for detecting the walking speed of the tractor, the driving motor speed measuring sensor arranged on the driving motor detects the running speed of the driving motor, and the walking speed data of the tractor and the running speed data of the driving motor are transmitted back to the programmable controller. During planting operation, an operator sets sugarcane planting density on a human-computer interface according to different sugarcane varieties and agricultural requirements, a programmable controller is connected with and communicates with the human-computer interface through a serial port, the programmable controller calculates the theoretical rotating speed of a driving motor in real time according to the required planting density and the walking speed of a tractor, a calculation formula of the theoretical rotating speed is determined by the structural characteristics of a sugarcane seed conveying device of the sugarcane planter and is preset in the programmable controller, the programmable controller provides signal voltage to a proportional valve driver through table lookup according to the calculated theoretical rotating speed, the proportional valve driver changes the driving current of a proportional valve according to a voltage signal provided by the programmable controller, the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the driving motor and the signal voltage is measured through tests, and a corresponding interval table is measured through tests and written into the programmable controller through software programming. In the working process, the programmable controller also reads the rotating speed of the driving motor in real time through the driving motor speed measuring sensor, compares the actual rotating speed with the theoretical calculated rotating speed, and if the difference exists, the programmable controller finely adjusts the signal voltage of the proportional control valve, so that the purpose of adjusting the flow passing through the driving motor is achieved by adjusting the bypass flow of the proportional control valve, and the actual rotating speed and the theoretical rotating speed of the driving motor are close to be consistent. The walking speed of a tractor for drawing the sugarcane planter and the speed of a driving motor of the sugarcane seed conveying mechanism are measured in real time, and the sugarcane seed planting machine is continuously corrected and adjusted to form a closed-loop feedback control system, so that the conveying speed of the sugarcane seed conveying mechanism is guaranteed to change along with the change of the walking speed of the tractor, namely the sugarcane seeding density is constant.
Further, the hydraulic drive system includes a pressure compensated adjustable flow valve. The pressure compensation adjustable flow valve can ensure that the flow of the hydraulic oil supplied to the driving motor is stable and does not change along with the change of the output flow of the tractor.
Furthermore, the height of the radial protrusion of the protruding metal strip on the walking transmission shaft of the tractor is 5-8 mm. The small height of the projection easily causes inaccurate sensing data, the large height of the projection is difficult to install, and materials are wasted.
Furthermore, the number of the protruding metal strips is 3-10. Too little, inaccurate sensing data, too much quantity, difficult installation and material waste.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that can realize sugarcane planter and send mechanism conveying speed and the tractor walking speed synchro variation who pulls the planter, guarantee that sugarcane planting density is even, be favorable to promoting sugarcane planting operation mechanization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the planting density speed-dependent synchronous control system of the sugarcane planter of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the installation schematic diagram of the walking speed measuring device of the planting density speed-following synchronous control system of the sugarcane planter.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a negative feedback closed loop speed regulating system of the planting density speed-following synchronous control system of the sugarcane planter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the planting density speed-dependent synchronous control system of the sugarcane planter comprises a hydraulic drive system and an electrical control system, wherein the hydraulic drive system comprises a proportional control valve 2 and a drive motor 1, P is a hydraulic oil inlet, T is a hydraulic oil return port, the drive motor 1 is used for driving a sugarcane seed conveying device of the sugarcane planter, the proportional control valve 2 is connected to a bypass of the drive motor 1, and the proportional control valve 2 is an electrically controlled proportional control valve; the electric control system comprises a proportional valve driver 3, a DA module 4, a programmable controller 5, a traveling speed measuring device 7, a driving motor speed measuring sensor 8 and a human-computer interface 9, wherein the proportional valve driver 3 is connected with a wiring port of a coil of the proportional control valve 2 through an electric control cable, the DA module 4 is connected with the proportional valve driver 3, the programmable controller 5 is connected with the DA module 4, the programmable controller 5 is also connected with the traveling speed measuring device 7 and the driving motor speed measuring sensor 8, and the programmable controller 5 is connected with the human-computer interface 6 in a serial port communication mode. The human-computer interface 6 is provided with a dialog box of sugarcane planting density, the diameter of a tractor driving large wheel, the rotation proportion of a tractor walking transmission shaft 7.1 and a tractor driving large wheel shaft, and is provided with a rotating speed display, and the programmable controller 5 reads the set values from the human-computer interface 6 to the memory for calculation and feeds the rotating speed back to the human-computer interface 6 for display. The corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the driving motor 1 and the current signal voltage of the coil of the driving proportional control valve 2 is obtained through an actual test table filling mode when the control program is designed, the table parameter value is a range value, and the table parameter is written into the control program.
As shown in figure 1, the hydraulic system of the planting density speed-dependent synchronous control system of the sugarcane planting machine further comprises a pressure compensation adjustable flow valve 9. The pressure compensation adjustable flow valve 9 can ensure that the flow of the hydraulic oil supplied to the driving motor is stable and does not change along with the change of the output flow of the tractor.
As shown in fig. 2, the walking speed measuring device 7 comprises an inductive proximity sensor 7.4 installed on the tractor and a plurality of protruding metal strips 7.5 installed on a walking transmission shaft 7.1 of the tractor, wherein 3 protruding metal strips 7.5 in fig. 2 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the walking transmission shaft 7.1 of the tractor and are bundled and fixed by a metal hoop 7.3, and the inductive proximity sensor 7.4 is installed and fixed on the tractor through a bracket 7.2. Because the inductive proximity sensor 7.4 obtains the rotating speed of the tractor walking transmission shaft 7.1 by sensing the pulse number generated by the convex metal strip 7.5 and then converts the rotating speed to obtain the walking speed of the tractor, the gap between the sensing end of the inductive proximity sensor 7.4 and the convex metal strip 7.5 is 5-10 mm, the gap is too small, the touch damage is easily caused by the shaking of the tractor walking transmission shaft 7.1, and the gap is too large, so the induction distortion is easily caused. The detection end of the inductive proximity sensor 7.4 is close to the convex metal strip 7.5, the number of the convex metal strips 7.5 determines the pulse number read by the inductive proximity sensor 7.4, when the tractor travels one circle by the transmission shaft 7.1, the inductive proximity sensor 7.4 generates pulses with the same number as the convex metal strips 7.5 and transmits the pulse number to the programmable controller 5, the programmable controller 5 can calculate the traveling distance and speed of the current tractor by intercepting the number of the pulses in unit time according to the diameter of the tractor driving large wheel and the rotation ratio of the tractor traveling transmission shaft 7.1 to the tractor driving large wheel shaft set in the human-computer interface 9.
In the example of fig. 2, the number of raised metal strips 7.5 is 3, but of course the number of raised metal strips 7.5 may also be 4, 6, 8, 10, etc., or even more. The number of the convex metal strips 7.5 is too small, the sensing data is inaccurate, the number is too large, the installation is difficult, and materials are wasted. It is right the utility model discloses, protruding metal strip 7.5's quantity is 3 ~ 10, can satisfy the requirement.
When the sugarcane is planted, the programmable controller 5 can calculate the theoretically required rotating speed of the driving motor 1 in real time according to the planting density and the current real-time traveling speed set by the human-computer interface 6 and the structural characteristics of the seed metering device of the planter, namely, when the driving motor 1 rotates for one circle, the sugarcane seed conveying device of the sugarcane planter conveys a plurality of sugarcane seeds, a table look-up method is used for inquiring the driving signal voltage value within the range of the rotating speed, the voltage value is sent to the proportional valve driver 3 through the DA module 4, the proportional valve driver 3 changes the working current of the coil of the proportional control valve 2 according to the signal voltage, so that the throttling opening of the proportional control valve 2 is changed to change the bypass hydraulic oil flow, and the hydraulic oil flow supplied to the driving motor 1 is also changed because the hydraulic oil flow supplied by the hydraulic system is constant, and the speed regulation of the driving motor 1 is.
Fig. 3 shows a negative feedback closed loop speed regulating system of a planting density speed-following synchronous control system of a sugarcane planter. In the working process, the rotation speed of the driving motor 1 may be changed due to changes of the working environment temperature, the hydraulic oil temperature and the load, and even if the coil driving current of the proportional control valve 2 is the same, the throttle opening of the proportional control valve 2 is the same, and the rotation speed of the driving motor 1 is not necessarily the same at different periods. Therefore, the utility model discloses a speed feedback closed loop speed control method, perfect the above-mentioned system of following with the speed, namely at the coaxial installation driving motor tachometer sensor 8 of driving motor 1, detect the rotational speed of driving motor 1 in real time, when the deviation that surpasses the scope appears in driving motor 1 actual rotational speed and theoretical rotational speed, programmable controller 5 sends the signal and finely tunes proportional valve driver 3 signal voltage, when driving motor 1 actual rotational speed is less than theoretical rotational speed, reduce signal voltage, namely reduce the bypass flow of proportional control valve 2, thereby increase the hydraulic oil flow through driving motor 1, improve the rotational speed of driving motor 1, when driving motor 1 actual rotational speed is higher than theoretical rotational speed, increase signal voltage, namely increase the bypass flow of proportional control valve 2, thereby reduce the hydraulic oil flow through driving motor 1, reduce the rotational speed of driving motor 1, make driving motor 1 actual rotational speed approach to theoretical rotational speed, and stopping fine adjustment within a set error range.
The utility model discloses sugarcane planter plants density along with fast synchronous control system also can be used to on other crops hydraulic drive formula planter.
Claims (5)
1. The planting density speed-following synchronous control system of the sugarcane planter comprises a hydraulic drive system and an electrical control system, and is characterized in that the hydraulic drive system comprises a proportional control valve and a drive motor, the drive motor is used for driving a sugarcane seed conveying device of the sugarcane planter, the proportional control valve is connected to a bypass of the drive motor, and the proportional control valve is an electric control proportional control valve;
the electric control system comprises a proportional valve driver, a DA module, a programmable controller, a walking speed measuring device, a driving motor speed measuring sensor and a human-computer interface, wherein the proportional valve driver is connected with a wiring port of a proportional control valve coil through an electric control cable;
walking speed sensor is including installing the inductance type proximity sensor on the tractor and installing a plurality of protruding metal strips on the tractor walking transmission shaft, a plurality of protruding metal strip evenly distributed are tied up fixedly by the metal clamp on the outer circumference of tractor walking transmission shaft, inductance type proximity sensor sense terminal with the clearance of protruding metal strip is for at 5 ~ 10 mm.
2. The sugarcane planter planting density speed-dependent synchronous control system of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic drive system comprises a pressure compensated adjustable flow valve.
3. The sugarcane planter planting density speed-following synchronous control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the height of the radial protrusion of the protruding metal strip on the tractor walking transmission shaft is 5-8 mm.
4. The sugarcane planter planting density speed-dependent synchronous control system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the protruding metal strips is 3-10.
5. The sugarcane planter planting density speed-dependent synchronous control system of claim 3, wherein the number of the protruding metal strips is 3-10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921211245.3U CN210119698U (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Planting density speed-following synchronous control system of sugarcane planter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921211245.3U CN210119698U (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Planting density speed-following synchronous control system of sugarcane planter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210119698U true CN210119698U (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921211245.3U Active CN210119698U (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | Planting density speed-following synchronous control system of sugarcane planter |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN210119698U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-07-30 CN CN201921211245.3U patent/CN210119698U/en active Active
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