CN210090200U - A three-dimensional loading test platform based on bridge immersed tunnel model - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a based on three-dimensional loading test platform of bridge immersed tube tunnel model, through vertical loading system, horizontal loading system and with immersed tube tunnel hypotenuse perpendicular loading system, realize simulating the atress condition of immersed tube tunnel in actual engineering, improve experimental precision, be convenient for observe the response of test in-process structure. The free ends at the two ends of the immersed tube tunnel are used as boundary constraint through the section joints with effective length, and the defect that the boundary constraint condition is insufficient in the prior art is overcome. Therefore, the three-dimensional loading test platform required by mechanical behavior research of the pipe joint and the section joint of the immersed tunnel under different working conditions is provided, and the test requirements of the research of the joint and the pipe section can be met; the replacement difficulty of the joint of the section of the immersed tube tunnel in the traditional research is overcome, the test cost is saved, and the reference is provided for the research and design of the joint and the pipe section of the immersed tube tunnel under different working conditions.

Description

A three-dimensional loading test platform based on bridge immersed tunnel model

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering simulation test, and can simulate a three-dimensional loading test platform for immersed tunnels under different working conditions (such as torsion, bending, shear force, etc.) pipe joints and the mechanical behavior of the section joints.

Background technique

The immersed tunnel is a tunnel built in water. In order to prevent the outside water from entering the tunnel, it is necessary to ensure the air tightness of the tunnel. Relying on the test model of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge immersed tunnel, the joints are weaker in terms of strength, stiffness and air tightness than the pipe section itself. The damage of immersed tunnels generally starts from the weak position, that is, the joints. Once the joints seep water due to the damage, it will pose a great threat to the safety of life and property, and it will also bring great difficulties to the repair. Scholars at home and abroad attach great importance to the research on joints of immersed tunnels. In order to better simulate the influence of actual working conditions on joints and pipe sections, water and soil loading devices are usually used to achieve three-dimensional loading, but at the same time, the structural response during the test is not very good. Good observation, because the tunnel itself is a long and narrow structure, only one section of the test is taken for research, and there is no good constraint on the free ends of the tunnel at both ends. With the deepening of tunnel professional research, higher requirements are put forward for the loading form and accuracy of large-scale tunnel model tests.

Utility model content

Aiming at the problems existing in the model test of the immersed tube tunnel, the utility model provides a three-dimensional loading test platform required for the study of the mechanical behavior of the pipe joints and the section joints of the immersed tube tunnel under different working conditions, which can meet the requirements of the joints and the pipe section research. It overcomes the difficulty of replacing the joints of traditional research immersed tunnels, saves test costs, and provides test references for future research on immersed tunnels under different working conditions (such as torsion, bending, shear, etc.) joints and pipe segment research and design. .

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional loading test platform based on a bridge immersed tube tunnel model, which is characterized in that: it includes a beam-slab raft foundation, a hydraulic loading system, a computer control system, a section steel reaction force frame, a support Wall retaining walls and reaction walls;

The beam-plate raft foundation has bolt holes for fixing the hydraulic jack base and ground anchor holes for the profiled steel reaction frame;

The hydraulic loading system includes a vertical loading system, a horizontal loading system and a vertical loading system with the oblique side of the immersed tunnel. The vertical loading system includes an array of hydraulic jacks arranged on the tunnel roof to achieve vertical downward loading and under the tunnel floor to achieve vertical downward loading. Upward loading, the horizontal loading system includes an array of hydraulic jacks arranged on the left and right walls to achieve horizontal loading, and the vertical loading system includes an array of hydraulic jacks arranged on the oblique sides of the tunnel to realize the tunnel oblique loading, all hydraulic jacks through the computer The system combination control realizes the three-dimensional loading or plane loading of the tunnel under different working conditions;

The outer array of the immersed tube tunnel is arranged with a total of 11 steel reaction frame groups, which include columns, inclined beams and top beams, the columns are fixed on the beam-slab raft foundation by ground anchors, and the inclined beams are connected with the columns and the top beam;

The bottom plate of the buttress-type retaining wall is provided with bolt holes for fixing with the beam-plate raft foundation, and the bolt holes on the wall that are consistent with the shape of the tunnel section are provided for fixing effective tunnel segment joints; Bolt holes with uniform tunnel cross-section shape secure effective tunnel segment joints.

In a preferred embodiment: there are 66 hydraulic jack groups on the top plate of the tunnel, 11 hydraulic jack groups on the left and right inclined walls, 11 hydraulic jack groups on the left and right side walls, and 11 hydraulic jack groups on the bottom of the tunnel. There are 88 jacks in total. All 198 hydraulic jacks are controlled by the computer system to perform three-dimensional loading or plane loading on the tunnel. Each hydraulic jack and the tunnel transmit force through a hemisphere, so that the total force is perpendicular to the tunnel under different working conditions. Tunnel face loading.

In a preferred embodiment: a cylindrical hole slightly larger than the diameter of the hydraulic jack shell is left in the middle of the steel square cylinder of the hydraulic jack, and a hydraulic jack hydraulic oil pipe wiring hole is left at the bottom of the hydraulic jack base, and the hydraulic jack base There are bolt holes corresponding to the beam-plate raft foundation at the four corners of the bottom of the seat for fixing the hydraulic jack.

In a preferred embodiment, the angle of the inclined beam of the shaped steel reaction frame column is the same as that of the inclined tunnel wall, and the two ends thereof are fixed to the column and the top beam by high-strength bolts with steel backing plates or are connected by welding.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the above-mentioned utility model that through the vertical loading system, the horizontal loading system and the vertical loading system with the oblique side of the immersed tube tunnel, the simulation of the stress situation of the immersed tube tunnel in the actual project is realized, and the test performance is improved. Accuracy, easy to observe the response of the structure during the test.

The immersed tube tunnel is a long and narrow structure, and it is often subject to many restrictions during the simulation test. The test usually selects a section of pipe as the test object, and the free ends at both ends cannot be well restrained. The segmental joints are used as boundary constraints to overcome the shortcomings of previous boundary constraints.

The utility model can better realize the influence on the pipe joints, the section joints and the pipe body under different working conditions, the joints are easier to be replaced, the test cost is saved, and the test research and design of the immersed tube tunnel project are provided with strong support and reference. .

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings required in the description of the exemplary embodiments will be briefly introduced below, which does not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

1 is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional loading test platform based on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge immersed tunnel model provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a kind of reaction wall and beam-plate type raft foundation structure diagram that the utility model provides;

3 is a structural diagram of a reaction force frame and a hydraulic loading system provided by the utility model;

4 is a sectional view of an immersed tube tunnel provided by the utility model;

5 is a structural diagram of a base plate hydraulic jack group provided by the utility model;

Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a buttress type retaining wall and an effective segment joint provided by the utility model;

In the figure: 1 is the reaction wall, 2 is the section steel reaction frame, 2-1 is the top beam, 2-2 is the inclined beam, 2-3 is the column, 3 is the hydraulic jack group for the top plate, and 4 is the hydraulic jack group for the inclined wall , 5 is the side wall hydraulic jack group, 6 is the immersed tunnel where 6-1 is the pipe body, 6-2 is the pipe joint, 6-3 is the segment joint, 7 is the bottom hydraulic jack group, of which 7-1 is the hydraulic Jack, 7-2 base, 7-3 bolt holes, 8 is the beam-slab type raft foundation, 9 is the buttress type retaining wall, and 10 is the effective segment joint.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below, and further explanation will be given below by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein all technical and scientific terms have the same meaning as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. meaning.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" as used herein also include the plural forms unless expressly stated otherwise. It should be further understood that the use of the word "comprising" in the present specification refers to the presence of stated features, steps, operations and means, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations and means. It will be understood that when we refer to a device as being "connected" or "fixed" to another device, it can be directly connected or fixed or intervening devices may also be present. Furthermore, "connected" or "fixed" as used herein may include detachable connection or attachment.

In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model designs a three-dimensional loading test platform based on a bridge immersed tunnel model, the structure of which is shown in FIG. , 7, computer control system, steel reaction frame 2, buttress type retaining wall 9 and reaction wall 1.

In the preferred solution, the hydraulic jack base 7-2 is fixed on the beam-plate raft base 8 through the bolt holes 7-3, the hydraulic jack 7-1 is placed in 7-2, and the hydraulic jack oil pipe runs through the bottom of the base 7-2 The wire holes 7-4 are wired and connected in series to form a hydraulic jack group 7 under the bottom plate, as shown in Figure 5. Based on this, a test model of immersed tube tunnel 6 was constructed. The two-section joints are pipe joint joints 6-2, and the free sections at both ends are section joints 6-3; The force wall 1 and the buttress type retaining wall 9 are then fabricated into effective segment joints 10, as shown in FIG. 1 .

In the preferred scheme, the steel reaction frame group 2 is arranged in an array outside the immersed tunnel 6, the bottom of the steel reaction frame columns 2-3 is fixed on the beam-slab raft foundation 8 through anchor rods, and the angle of the inclined beam 2-2 is the same as that of the tunnel 6. The inclined walls are the same, and both ends are fixed with steel backing plates through high-strength bolts to columns and top beams or connected by welding; hydraulic jack groups 5 are arranged in an array on the walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel 6, and the hydraulic jacks are fixed on the left and right sides of the tunnel 6 through anchor plates and bolts. The oil pipes on both sides of the section steel reaction frame column 2-3 are connected in series; the hydraulic jack group 4 is arranged in an array on the oblique sides on both sides of the tunnel 6, and the hydraulic jack is fixed on the section steel reaction frame inclined beam 2-2 through the anchor plate and the anchor rod. The oil pipes on both sides are connected in series; the hydraulic jack group 3 is arranged in an array on the roof of the tunnel, and the hydraulic jacks are fixed in series on the top beam 2-1 of the steel reaction frame through the anchor plate and the bolt, as shown in Figure 3.

In the preferred scheme, the hydraulic jack groups 3, 4, 5, and 7 of the top plate, bottom plate, inclined wall and side wall of the immersed tunnel 6 are combined and controlled by a computer system to perform three-dimensional loading or plane loading on the tunnel 6, and each hydraulic jack is connected to the tunnel. There are hemispheres in the space.

In the preferred solution, the effective segment joints 10 are fixed on the reaction wall 1 and the buttress type retaining wall 9, the bottom plate of the buttress type retaining wall 9 is fixed on the beam-plate type raft foundation 8 through anchor rods, and the effective segment joints 10 It is connected to the spacer with replaceable joint space between the reaction wall 1 and the retaining wall 9, and the effective segment joint 10 is butted with the immersed tunnel joint 6-3, as shown in FIG. 6 .

When conducting the test, the specific test process is as follows:

(1) First, the appropriate beam-slab raft foundation 8, hydraulic loading system, computer control system, section steel reaction frame 2, buttress retaining wall 9 and reaction wall 1 should be selected according to the size of the test model and the required load. ;

(2) Install the relevant devices according to the schematic diagram of each part shown in Figure 1. After the hydraulic jacks under the bottom plate are arranged in series with the oil pipes, the immersed tunnel is made. The side wall loading system, the inclined wall loading system and the roof loading system are fixed on the frame group, effective segment joints are installed, and the buttress type retaining wall is fixed to make the effective segment joints connect with the immersed tunnel;

(3) When the test is loaded, according to the working conditions required for the test, adjust the hydraulic jack under the bottom plate to meet the test requirements. The side wall loading, inclined wall loading system and roof loading system pass through the hemisphere to realize the three-dimensional loading of the immersed tunnel. or plane loading;

(4) After the test is completed, first unload the loading system from top to bottom (except the bottom hydraulic jack), then remove the hydraulic jacks in turn, then remove the reaction frame group and buttress type retaining wall, then remove the immersed tunnel, unload The bottom plate loading system, finally finishing the platform, can recycle this loading platform.

It can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the above embodiments of the present utility model that the embodiments of the present utility model realize the simulation of immersed tunnels in actual engineering through the vertical loading system, the horizontal loading system and the vertical loading system with the immersed tunnel slanted edge. The stress condition is easy to observe the response of the structure during the test; the free ends of the tunnel are bounded by segmental joints of effective length, which overcomes the shortcomings of the previous insufficient boundary constraints and provides a powerful tool for the experimental research and design of immersed tunnel engineering. support and reference.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or technical scope disclosed by the present invention. Alternatives are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional loading test platform based on bridge immersed tube tunnel model which characterized in that: the raft comprises a beam-slab raft foundation, a hydraulic loading system, a computer control system, a profile steel reaction frame, a counterfort retaining wall and a reaction wall;

the beam-slab raft foundation is provided with bolt holes for fixing a hydraulic jack base and anchor holes for a structural steel reaction frame;

the hydraulic loading system comprises a vertical loading system, a horizontal loading system and a loading system vertical to the inclined edge of the immersed tube tunnel, wherein the vertical loading system comprises hydraulic jack group arrays which are arranged on a tunnel top plate to realize vertical downward loading and a tunnel bottom plate to realize vertical upward loading;

the outer array of the immersed tube tunnel is provided with 11 section steel counterforce frame groups, each section steel counterforce frame group comprises a column, an oblique beam and a top beam, the columns are fixed on a beam-slab raft foundation through ground anchors, and the oblique beams are connected with the columns and the top beams;

bolt holes fixed with the beam-slab raft foundations are reserved on the bottom plate of the buttress retaining wall, and bolt holes with the same shape as the cross section of the tunnel are reserved on the wall to fix effective tunnel section joints; the counterforce wall is provided with a bolt hole which is consistent with the cross section shape of the tunnel and is used for fixing an effective tunnel section joint.

2. The bridge immersed tube tunnel model-based three-dimensional loading test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic jack groups on the tunnel top plate are totally 66, the hydraulic jack groups on the left inclined wall and the right inclined wall are respectively 11, the hydraulic jack groups on the left side wall and the right side wall are respectively 11, the hydraulic jack groups under the tunnel bottom plate are totally 88, all 198 hydraulic jacks are controlled by a computer system in a combined mode to carry out three-dimensional loading or plane loading on the tunnel, force is transmitted between each hydraulic jack and the tunnel through a hemisphere, and loading of force which is always vertical to the tunnel surface under different working conditions is achieved.

3. The bridge immersed tube tunnel model-based three-dimensional loading test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: the middle of a steel square column body of the hydraulic jack is provided with a cylindrical hole which is slightly larger than the diameter of a shell of the hydraulic jack, the bottom of a base of the hydraulic jack is provided with a hydraulic oil pipe wiring hole of the hydraulic jack, and four corners of the bottom of the base of the hydraulic jack are provided with bolt holes corresponding to the beam-slab raft foundation for fixing the hydraulic jack.

4. The bridge immersed tube tunnel model-based three-dimensional loading test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle of the oblique beam of the section steel counterforce frame column is consistent with that of the tunnel inclined wall, and the two ends of the section steel counterforce frame column are fixed with the column and the top beam through steel base plates through high-strength bolts or are connected with the column and the top beam in a welding mode.

Images